[Esi sincoko siyinxalenye ZNet Classics series. Amaxesha amathathu evekini siya kuphinda sithumele inqaku esicinga ukuba libaluleke kakhulu. Le yapapashwa okokuqala ngoSeptemba 20, 2000.]
Ukukhula kolwazi lobuhlanga kunye nokuhlanganiswa okulandeleyo koluntu lwaseIndiya kwi-hemisphere yaseNtshona ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1960s azamkelwanga yimikhosi karhulumente okanye ngamaqela aphikisayo kunye neentshukumo zenguqu. โUmbuzo wamaIndiyaโ sele uyinto ephantse yathintelwa ukuba kuxoxwe ngayo kulo lonke uhlobo lwezopolitiko, nangona ubuhlanga, ucalucalulo kunye nokuxhaphaza kugxekwa macala onke.
โURoxanne Dunbar Ortiz
AmaIndiya ase
Rhoqo kwimibhalo yam nakwizifundo zam, ndiye ndazichaza โnjengomndililiโ kwimbono. Ngale nto, ndithetha ukuba ndingulowo ongathathi nje amalungelo abantu bomthonyama njengeyona nto iphambili kubomi bam bezopolitiko, kodwa otsalela phezu kwezithethe-imithombo yolwazi kunye neekhowudi ezihambelanayo zexabiso-zivele kumawaka amaninzi eminyaka. ngabantu bomthonyama behlabathi. Esi sisiseko endingaqhubeli kuso kuphela izigxeko, kodwa ndicingela ezinye iindlela ezizezinye kule meko ikhoyo ngoku yezentlalo, yezopolitiko, yezoqoqosho kunye neyefilosofi. Ngokulandelayo, oku kunika ubume kungekuphela nje kwiintlobo zeenjongo kunye neenjongo endizisukelayo, kodwa iintlobo zeqhinga kunye namaqhinga endiwakhuthazayo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zemizabalazo endihlala ndiyixhasa, uhlobo lomanyano endityekele ukungena kulo, kunye njalo njalo.
Mandithi, ngaphambi kokuba ndiqhubele phambili, andingodwa okanye ndedwa ekuthatheni le mbono. Yingcinga entsonkothileyo, yeemvakalelo, kunye nokuqonda ekhuthaza yonke i-American Indian Movement, echazwa ngokubanzi, apha
Ngokombono wam, abo bangamaIndiya nabangengawo amaIndiya, abangawaziyo la magama kunye noko bakumelayo abanalwazi ngembali eyinyaniโinyaniโ
Nakweyiphi na imeko, konke oku akuthethi ukuba ndicinga ukuba ndingomnye wabantu ababalulekileyo endibabizileyo, okanye inkitha yabanye, abafanelekile ngokulinganayo, abangachazwanga ngamagama. Andinayo "iXesha Elitsha" lokucinga kwam njengokuzalwa kwakhona komntu oweza ngaphambili. Kodwa kukutsho ukuba ndithatha ezi
izinyanya njengenkuthazo yam, njengemizekelo yembali yodwa yesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kunye nokuziphatha kweli lizwekazi, le ndawo, lo mhlaba ndihlala kuwo kwaye ndiyinxalenye yawo. Ndibamkela njengelifa lam, imizekelo yam, umgangatho ekufuneka ndizilinganise ngawo. Ndizama ngalo lonke ixesha ukuba ndifanelekele amadabi abawalwayo, ukuzincama abakwenzileyo. Kwirekhodi, ndihlala ndizifumana ndifuna kulo mba, kodwa ndibhalisela ingcamango yokuba umntu unyanzelekile ukuba athethe inyaniso, nokuba umntu akanakuphila okanye ayenze ngokupheleleyo. Njengoko uNkosi uDan George wakha wathi, "ndizama ukuzingisa," kwaye ndicinga ukuba le yimeko ekwabelwana ngayo-okanye-ngaphantsi ngokulinganayo nguye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo ngoku kwinto endiyibiza ngokuba yi "indigenism."
Abanye abamibhalo yabo neentetho zabo nezenzo zabo zisenokuba ziqhelekile, nabafanelekela ingcaciso yendigenistโokanye โihlabathi lesine,โ njengoko sibizwa njalo maxa wambiโbaquka uWinona LaDuke noJohn Trudell, uSimon Ortiz, uRussell Means noLeonard Peltier, uGlenn Morris no ULeslie Silko, uJimmie Durham, uJohn Mohawk no-Oren Lyons, uBob Robideau noDino Butler, uIngrid Washinawatok noDagmar Thorpe. Kukho izifundiswa kunye namagqwetha afana noVine Deloria, uDon Grinde, uPam Colorado, uSharon Venne, uGeorge Tinker, uBob Thomas, uJack Forbes, uRob Williams noHank Adams. Kukho iimbongi ezifana noWendy Rose, Adrian Louis, Dian Million, Chrystos, Elizabeth Woody kunye noBarnie Bush.
Kukwakho namajoni amaninzi asezantsi kwihlabathi langoku, abantu abafana noodade bakwaDann, uBernard Ominayak, Art Montour kunye noBuddy Lamont, uMadonna Thunderhawk, uAnna Mae Aquash, uKenny Kane noJoe Stuntz, uMinnie Garrow noBobby Garcia, uDallas Thundershield, uPhyllis Young. , uAndrea Smith noRichard Oaks, uMargo Thunderbird, uTina Trudell kunye noRoque Duenas. Kwaye, kakade, kukho abadala, abo baye banikela, kwaye baqhubeka benikela, ukuqhubeka kunye nolwalathiso kwi-indigenist expression; Ndibhekisa kubantu abafana noChief Fools Crow noMatthew King, uHenry Crow Dog noGrampa David Sohappy, uDavid Monongye noJanet McCloud noThomas Banyacya, uRoberta Blackgoat noKatherine Smith noPauline Whitesinger, uMarie Leggo noPhillip Deer noEllen Moves Camp, uRaymond. UYowell kunye noNellie Red Owl.4
Njengala manani embali endiwakhankanyileyo ngaphambili, la ngamagama amele izikhundla, imizabalazo, kunye neminqweno ekufuneka yaziwe nguye wonke umntu okhathalele intlalontle.
Amagama endiwadwelisileyo akanako ukunxulunyaniswa nelifa lamaIndiya โaHang Around the Fortโ, aqhekeziweyo, angabinawo amandla, kwaye oyikiswa ngabo babewathimbile, okanye nabathengisi abajongela phantsi isidima seenkcubeko zabo, abachongwe ngabaphangi.
Endaweni yoko, i-indigenism inika isithintelo, umbono wendlela izinto ezinokuba ngayo ezisekelwe kwindlela ebeziyiyo izinto ukususela kwixesha lamandulo, kunye nendlela izinto ezimele zibe ngayo kwakhona ukuba uhlobo lomntu, kwaye mhlawumbi nesijikelezi-jikelele ngokwaso, siza kuphila ixesha elide. Kuqikelelwe kumanyano lobulumko obafunyanwa kumawaka eminyaka ngamawaka eminyaka ngabantu bomthonyama, abantu abasekelwe kumhlaba kwihlabathi jikeleleโiHlabathi leSine okanye, njengoko uWinona LaDuke esitsho, โIlizwe Lomkhosi apho ihlabathi lokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu lihleli phezu kwalo ngoku. ixeshaโโi-indigenism imelene nokuchasa ngokupheleleyo oko kunokubizwa ngokuba โyishishini le-Eurocentric njengesiqhelo.โ7
Indigenism
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela