Inkululeko yokuthetha kuMzantsi Afrika emva kocalucalulo yenye yezinto amawakawaka azilwelayo, awafayo okanye azincama ngenxa yawo ngexesha lomzabalazo wenkululeko. Kwezi ntsuku, abantu abaninzi eMzantsi Afrika banokuthetha nantoni na abayithandayo - ngoku kukhuselekile ukwenza oko. Noko ke, iyamangalisa into yokuba, abantu abathile ababethe cwaka ngexesha lomzabalazo, namhlanje basebenzisa inkululeko yabo yokuthetha ukuze bakhalimele kwa kwa kwa kwa kwaabantu babenenkululeko enjalo.
Ekuzimiseleni kwabo ukuba lusizi, nasekukhetheni izinto ekujoliswe kuzo ezikhuselekileyo, izifundiswa kunye nabanye abagxeki kuRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika baye baphuhlisa isakhono esinomdla sokuzichitha-chitha kwiindaba ezimbi lo gama bengazihoyi iindaba ezingcono zanamhlanje. Intetho yezopolitiko yaseMzantsi Afrika ke ngoko ithotywa kuthotho lweemantra, zonke zingenabungqina. Imantra eyintandokazi ibonakala ngathi โkukungaphumeleliโ kukarhulumente, isikhalo esidlala ngqo ezandleni zabantu abalungileyo. Ayithathi ngqalelo kwiintsapho ezizizigidi ezinesiqingatha eziye zafuduka zisuka kumandlwana namatyotyombe zisiwa kwizindlu ezingcono, okanye ngonyango lwasimahla kunye nemfundo yamabanga aphantsi ebantwaneni, okanye ngokunyuka kwezibonelelo zabantwana, okanye ukulingana kweepenshini, okanye ukubonelelwa ngamanzi acocekileyo, amanye simahla, okanye olunye uhlobo loncedo kubantu abahluphekayo, abangazange bacinge ngalo ngeminyaka yobumnyama bocalucalulo lobufascism.
Kusenjalo, kusaqhubeka ukubakho iingxwabangxwaba kunye nokugxekwa kwe-ANC kwezinye izifundiswa kunye nemibutho yoluntu ezimisele ukwakha i-bifice yenkxwaleko kwisiseko semigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente โye-neo-liberalโ. Oko bakutshoyo ngabaprofeti bentshabalalo, ngokungathi kunjalo, kucalucalulo ngokobuhlanga. Bathi abavoti baseAfrika bazizidenge kwaye basemva kangangokuba ngabom bavotele urhulumente ongakwaziyo ukwenza izinto ngokulungelwa bona.
Abanye abagxeki bayasilela ukuqaphela ukuba iinyaniso zembali yoMzantsi Afrika zintsonkothile kakhulu kunezangaphandle, amagama agxininisekileyo afana nelithi โneo-liberalismโ anakho ukuwabamba. Izizathu zeqela elithile leemeko akufuneki zixhomekeke kwisizathu esinye, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngokuphela kocalucalulo, uMzantsi Afrika wazifumana uvaleleke kwinkqubo yembali yehlabathi yasemva kweMfazwe ebandayo eyayichasene ngokusisiseko nobusoshiyali bayo. iminqweno. Yayiyinkqubo yehlabathi kwaye isaqhubeka iyinkqubo yehlabathi egxile kwi-monopoly capital kunye nokwandisa i-United States hegemony, kunye nokubhukuqwa kwedemokhrasi yokwenyani, kungekho mandla aphikisayo emva kokuchithwa kwebloc yaseSoviet.
Kunjengokuba owayesakuba ngumongameli uNelson Mandela kutshanje waxelela ipalamente yaseMzantsi Afrika oku: โSiyabona indlela amazwe anamandlaโโelawulwa ngedemokhrasiโ onkeโasebenzisa ngayo imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ebeka isidima esikhulu nokubandezeleka kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo asakhasayo.โ UMandela wayebhekisa ingakumbi kuhlaselo olungekho mthethweni, olukhokelwa yi-US eIraq.
I-Iraq, nangona kunjalo, yimeko nje enye apho ukuwa kweSoviet deterrent kuye kwenza ukuba amandla omkhosi waseBritane kunye naseMelika asoyike ngakumbi njengesixhobo somgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ngokuchasene nabo banokubonwa, nokuba babonwa, njengesoyikiso kwiminqweno yeqhinga laseNtshona. Yiyo loo nto, ngokuyinxenye, mhlawumbi, ukulahla kukarhulumente woMzantsi Afrika naziphi na izicwangciso zokumisela imidla ephambili yangaphandle efana nemigodi kunye neebhanki.
Imbali inike imizekelo emininzi yendlela iNtshona isabela ngayo kubanini belizwe bengingqi bezinto eziphambili zaseNtshona. Ezona ziganeko zaziwa kakhulu zibhalwe kakuhle. Xa i-Egypt yenza umjelo weSuez ube ngowe-1950s kwabakho impindezelo ekhawulezileyo neyoyikekayo yaseBritane, iFransi kunye noSirayeli. Xa i-Iran yenza ukuba ishishini le-oyile laseMelika libe lilizwe jikelele, urhulumente waseMosaddeq wabhukuqwa kwangoko ngenxa yempembelelo yase-US. Imizekelo yamva ibandakanya ungenelelo lweBritane eBelize, kunye nokungenelela komkhosi wase-US ePanama kunye nenkxaso efihlakeleyo yaseMelika yemikhosi ebambeneyo kunye neCIA yokukhuthaza iimfazwe "eziyimfihlo" kwiindawo ezinjengeAngola, iNicaragua kunye ne-El Salvador.
Indima yongenelelo yeCIA kumazantsi eAfrika ibhalwe kakuhle. Ngeminyaka yoo-1970, umzekelo, iCIA yadibana neqela lezobuntlola laseMzantsi Afrika. NgokukaMartin Dolinchek owayesakuba yiarhente eyimfihlo, abesebe lezemfihlo baseMelika kunye noMzantsi Afrika baqeqeshe kwaye baxhasa i-Inkhata Freedom Party (IFP). Ngaxeshanye, kwaqaliswa iphulo lokusasaza ipropaganda efihlakeleyo kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi lokunyelisa iANC. Ngo-1984, xa i-ANC yayivalwe lula kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko ekhululekileyo, i-IFP yakwazi ukubanga amalungu amalunga nesigidi kumasebe angaphezu kwamawaka amabini. Oku kunyuke ukuya kwi-2,000 yesigidi kumasebe angama-1.6 ngo-3,000, kwaye namhlanje inani lamalungu angaphezulu kwezigidi ezibini licatshulwa ngokubanzi ngamagosa e-IFP, ekhokelwa liqaqobana labantu abamhlophe abadlala indima engafanelekanga kufutshane neqela eliphezulu.
Umbutho wabasebenzi we-IFP, i-United Workers Union of South Africa, yasekwa ngo-1986, nomnye wabaxhasi bayo abanamandla ibingumbutho wabasebenzi waseMelika, i-AFL-CIO, esele iphantse ibe sisiqingatha senkulungwane isaziwa ngokuba ngumjelo. yeCIA imali kumaqela anti-leftist. Kukho ubungqina obuninzi malunga neziganeko apho ubundlobongela baqalwa ngamalungu e-IFP. Banoxanduva lokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwisithathu kwiKomishoni yeNyaniso noXolelwaniso.
Kungenxa yale mvelaphi yongquzulwano lwenyani nolunokwenzeka, nongenelelo olufihlakeleyo lwamazwe angaphandle, apho urhulumente okhokelwa yi-ANC kufuneka agwetywe. Urhwebo phakathi kweengozi ezicacileyo nezikhoyo ngoku yinxalenye yezobupolitika zanamhlanje. Ungaze uwakhathaze amagama afana nelithi โneo-liberalismโ, okanye izigxeko ezilula malunga โnokusilela ekunikezeleni ngeenkonzoโ. Imveliso eluncedo ngakumbi inokuba ngumgangatho ophuculweyo wohlalutyo lwezopolitiko kunye nokutolika kwembali kwicala labagxeki nabahlomli. Akukho naliphi na inani lokulila kwethiyori ngokwemfundo okanye elizibiza ngokuba "kude-ekhohlo" mhlawumbi kunokuba nefuthe kubunyani nakwinyani esele imisiwe. Imfazwe yobukhaya ebinokubakho iye yathintelwa, kwaye iANC isaqhubeka ifumana inkxaso eyoyikekayo. Le nkxaso ibonakaliswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo nangokukholisayo kunyulo olulandelelanayo lwedemokhrasi olugwetywe lukhululekile nolunobulungisa ngabakhi-mkhanyo, kuqukwa nolona nyulo lwakutsha nje lwelizwe ngo-Epreli wama-2004.
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