Ukuba uhlobo lomntu lufuna i-ecosystem enempilo, ukuze iphile, kuya kufuneka sitshintshe indlela esifumana ngayo ukutya kwethu. Iimarike zinyanzelisa iindlela zokuvelisa ezingasebenzi kakuhle neziyingozi, ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho sempilweni, kunye neendlela zolwabiwo ezingenangqiqo.
Okucacileyo: iMveliso yeZilwanyana kunye neMithombo yezoQoqosho
Iingxoxo zomgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke zidla ngokuvelisa imibuzo malunga nokulondolozwa komhlaba nezilwanyana zasendle, ulondolozo, ukufumana umhlaba ekunokwakhiwa kuwo, nomhlaba onokuthi usetyenziselwe iipaki zoluntu; umntu unokucinga ukuba umhlaba unqabile ngokumangalisayo kubantu baseMelika. Nangona kunjalo, i-80% yomhlaba wezolimo e-US ayisebenzisi enye injongo ngaphandle kokulima ukutya ukondla izilwanyana zemfuyo, ezikhuliswe kumhlaba owahlukileyo.[i] Ukubonelela ngembono-ihlabathi liphela lisebenzisa malunga ne-30% yomhlaba womhlaba kwimfuyo.[ii]
Amazwe angaphuhlanga kangako asoloko ezama ukuqonda ukuba aya kuwafumanela phi amanzi acocekileyo abemi bawo, ngokungathi nawo anqabile. Nangona kunjalo, izilwanyana zemfuyo zihamba phambili kubasebenzisi bamanzi.[iii] Uhlolisiso lweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo olunomxholo othi โLivestockโs Long Shadowโ luchaza ukuba abantu abasisi-2.3 samawaka ezigidi batsala nzima mihla le ukuze bafumane amanzi abawafunayo. Kwaba bantu bayi-2.3 yeebhiliyoni, i-1.7 yeebhiliyoni bahlala phantsi kweemeko zokunqongophala kwamanzi.[iv]
Ingxaki yendalo yemfuyo ayiyongxaki nje yamanzi. Inyama idla ngokufuna izigaba ezininzi zemveliso ezingakwenziyo okunye ukutya. Ukuveliswa kwayo, inyama ifuna ukuba ukutya kukhuliswe kwaye kuziswe kwidizili, ukuthuthwa, iifeed Mills ukuba ziqhutywe kwaye zizaliswe, abasebenzi basefama yomzi-mveliso, ukuthuthwa kwezilwanyana ukuya kwindawo yokuxhela, abasebenzi ababeka ubomi babo esichengeni kunye nokuzinza kwengqondo kwindawo yokuxhela, ukukrazulwa kweendawo ezingafunekiyo zesilwanyana, ukuthuthwa kwenyama ukuya kwizityalo ezilungiswayo, abasebenzi bayokulungisa inyama kwisityalo, ukuthuthwa kwenyama kwivenkile yokutya, kunye nefriji okanye ukukhenkceza kwenyama evenkileni. Kwinqanaba ngalinye kula, izixhobo zisetyenziswa ngokusebenza, uthutho, ukufudumeza, ukupholisa, njl njl. Yonke into ifuna amandla kubushushu bayo, njengazo zonke iilori.
Iindleko zokuvelisa isidalwa esiphilayo kunye nokusitshabalalisa kubaluleke kakhulu kwezinye iinzame zokuvelisa kuqoqosho. Umzekelo, iponti enye yenyama yenkomo ifuna iilitha ezingama-2,400 zamanzi kwimveliso yayo iyonke. Iponti enye yomgubo wengqolowa, kwelinye icala, ifuna kuphela malunga neelitha ezili-180 zamanzi.[v]
Ngco liseko
UDanielle Nierenburg, umphandi wemicimbi yezolimo kwiWorld Watch Institute, kunye noGowri Koneswara baye bathi ubungqina obuninzi bubonisa ukuba ishishini lenyama kunye nobisi linefuthe elibi kakhulu kunalo naliphi na elinye ishishini kwindalo, kwaye baquka ukuhamba emoyeni kunye nomhlaba kuphando lwabo. yomonakalo wokusingqongileyo.[vi] Umbutho woKutya kunye nezoLimo weZizwe eziManyeneyo wabhala (ngo-2006), "[T] icandelo lemfuyo livelisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse eninzi njengoko kulinganiswe kwi-CO2 elinganayo - i-18 ekhulwini - kunezothutho."[vii] E-US, malunga ne-80% ye-ammonia ekhutshwayo yimfuyo evela.[viii] Inkomo yobisi enye โikhupha iikhilogram ezili-19.3 zemichiza eguquguqukayo ngonyaka, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iideri zibe ngowona mthombo mkhulu wegesi ekhupha umsi, ukodlula iilori neemoto zabakhweli.โ[ix]
Izilwanyana ezifuywayo zaseMelika zivelisa i-87,000 yeekhilogram zelindle ngomzuzwana; oko kuqikelelwa ngokuphindwe kali-130 kunabo bonke abantu baseMelika![X] Iitriliyoni ezintathu zeeponti zolu kungcola zisetyenziselwa ukuchumisa izityalo, nto leyo ebangela ukuphuma kweebhaktheriya, amayeza, kunye nezifo kwimijelo yamanzi.[xi] Ukuhamba kwezolimo ngowona mthombo uphambili wongcoliseko kwimijelo yethu yamanzi.[xii]
Amanzi ezolimo aqukuqela kuMlambo wethu omkhulu, iMississippi, ngqo ukuya kutsho kwiGulf of Mexico, apho yenze โindawo efileyo,โ indawo apho uninzi lwezidalwa zaselwandle zingasakwazi ukuphila ngenxa yokuqukuqela kunye nolunye ungcoliseko. Uphononongo lweYunivesithi yasePrinceton (2006) lugqibe kwelokuba lo mmandla ufileyo unokuncitshiswa ube โmncinci okanye ungabikho,โ ukuba ishishini lenyama lalithintelwe okanye limiswe ngokupheleleyo.[xiii]
laboratory
UBob Torres uchithe isixa esikhulu sophando kunye nokubhala kuyo UQoqosho lwezoPolitiko lwamalungelo ezilwanyana, apho akabonisi nje kuphela izinto ezoyikisayo eziyinyaniso kunye nezibalo ezenzeka kwiikheji zezilwanyana, kodwa nakwimigangatho yefektri yabasebenzi kwiifama zefektri. Kubafundi abanomdla ngakumbi wokuphanda esi sihloko, funda iSahluko sesi-2: Iimpahla eziziintambo zencwadi, ugxininise ngakumbi kumaphepha ama-45-56.
Ubonisa ngokulula ukuba ishishini lokuqala elifuna ukunqunyanyiswa kukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kufuneka libe lishishini lenyama. "Umsebenzi wokuxhela ubalwa phakathi kweyona misebenzi iyingozi, kwaye abaphambukeli ngokungekho mthethweni babonwa kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi abasebenza kwindawo yokuxhela."[xiv] UTorres unika udliwano-ndlebe oluninzi nabasebenzi basezifama zasezifama abaye babona abasebenzi beshiya ingxwelerha, benqunyulwe umqala, kunye nolunye ukwenzakala okothusayo okwenzeka rhoqo kushishino lwenyama.
Ishishini lenyama lidla ngokudlala ngabom ukungakhuseleki kwabasebenzi abangabhalwanga phantsi, besazi ukuba abanakufakela ityala, bafumane imbuyekezo yabasebenzi, okanye baphathwe njengabantu kulo mba.[xv] Oku, uthelekisa nokunqongophala kwenkxalabo efanayo kongxowankulu be-vivisection kunye nezilwanyana ezivavanywe kwiilabhoratri, apho abacinezelweyo bangenakwenza nto kwaphela kwaye bangaze bavume iinkxalabo zabo. Nangona ezinye iindlela zokuphumeza umsebenzi zisenokubakhoโinyama yesoya, okanye izinto ezenziweyoโumnini-sabelo umfunela eyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi ukuze andise ingeniso. Ukuba oko kuthetha ukungabukhathaleli ubomi, amalungu, okanye ukuzinza ngokwasengqondweni, baya kwenjenjalo, yaye bayakwenza oko.
I-psyche engazinzanga nayo isiphumo esiqhelekileyo sendawo yokuxhela kunye nayo yonke indawo yokusebenza apho abasebenzi baphoqeleka ukuba babulale rhoqo ezinye izidalwa ezineemvakalelo. Kukho amabali amaninzi eendaba malunga neengxabano ezinobundlobongela kwizindlu zokuxhela, kodwa nabasebenzi kwiindawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana ezibulala izilwanyana baba neempawu ezifana nezo ze-post-traumatic stress disorder. UDebra White wafunda olu phawu kwaye wabhala:
Abasebenzi bekhusi ekufuneka bekhulule izilwanyana njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yabo rhoqo babandezeleka ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka intlungu, umsindo, amaphupha amabi kunye nodandatheko, ngokohlolisiso endilwenzile nomnye unontlalontle. . . . โAndilali ebusuku, ndilila kakhuluโฆ Ndikhe ndaneengxaki kwigumbi lokufa ngenxa yokuba ndiziva ndingenamandla.โ[xvi]
Nokuba ngamadolweni egazi kunye namathumbu kwindawo yokuxhela, ukutyhala ihogi kwi-anus yeehagu ukuzitsalela kwindawo elandelayo ukuze zinqunyulwe ngokukhawuleza kumgca wefektri, okanye kwindawo yokufihla intloko, ukutofa injana ukuphelisa ubomi bayo. , impembelelo yeemvakalelo igxininisekile kwaye ayinampilo kwingqondo yomntu.
Ngaba IMarike Iya Kusisindisa?
Njengoko iimarike bezingathanda, phezu kwako nje ukuphanziswa kwemekobume, ukuxhatshazwa kwabasebenzi, nenkohlakalo engenabuntu, iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zilumkisa ngelithi, โnyaka ngamnye abantu batya inyama eninzi neemveliso zobisi. Imveliso yenyama yehlabathi kuqikelelwa ukuba ibe ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini ukusuka kwi-229 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-1999/2001 ukuya kwi-465 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2050, ngelixa imveliso yobisi kulindeleke ukuba inyuke ukusuka kwi-580 ukuya kwi-1043 yezigidi zeetoni.[xvii]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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