Umthombo: Idemokhrasi evulekileyo
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Ukuvalwa kwe-coronavirus yaseIndiya, okuqale ngo-Matshi, kuye kwaba yeyona inkulu kwaye ingqongqo emhlabeni. Kushiye amashumi ezigidi bengenamsebenzi obangela imfuduko enkulu ezixekweni; abaninzi baye bazama ukuhamba amakhulu eekhilomitha – behamba ngeenyawo, ngebhayisekile okanye bade babambelele kwiilori – ukuze babuyele kwiilali zabo.
Kule veki, urhulumente uqalile ukukhulula izithintelo ngaphandle kwenani lamatyala axeliweyo aqhubeka nokunyuka. Nangona amanani esezantsi ngokwentelekiso kubemi abaphantse babe yi-1.4 bhiliyoni, ilizwe liseza kufikelela incopho yalo.
Njengoko ukuvalwa kwe-Lockdown kunyuka, sibuze umbhali odumileyo uArundhati Roy, obesoloko egxeka urhulumente kaNarendra Modi, luhlobo luni lweIndiya oluza kuphuma phantsi kokuvalwa.
Urhulumente waseIndiya usebenze ngokukhawuleza ukunyanzelisa ukuvalwa. Ngaba isebenzile?
Arundhati Roy: Ukutshixa kube yintlekele. I-India kuphela kwelizwe apho amanani enyuke kabukhali ngokuvalwa kwe-Lockdown kwaye kanye xa igrafu ilelona nqanaba liphezulu ukuvalwa kuye kwakhululwa. Ngoko sinentlekele ephindiweyo. Ukuwohloka kwezoqoqosho kunye nobhubhani ogqubayo. Amanani e-COVID-19 ebekho kwaye ayaqhubeka, ngokombono wam akathembekanga kungekuphela eIndiya, kodwa kuyo yonke indawo. Ngokomzekelo, eIndiya sibala abantu ababhubhela ezibhedlele ngokubanzi, kwaye ngubani owaziyo ukuba bangaphi na ababhubhele ekhaya, bangaphi abasweleke ngenxa yezinye izigulo ezingakhange zinyangwe ngenxa yale meko yongxamiseko. Bangaphi ababulawa yindlala, okanye ukudinwa kuhambo lwabo olude lokugoduka, ukongeza kumazinga abothusayo okufa eIndiya ngenxa yezizathu eziqhelekileyo.
Ekuphela kwento esiyaziyo kukuba zombini ukuvalwa kunye nokungena ekuhlaleni akunakusebenza eIndiya, ukuba sicinga ngamashumi ezigidi ezihlala ematyotyombeni. Thatha umzekelo iDharavi, esona sixeko sikhulu eAsia entliziyweni yeMumbai: phantse abantu abasisigidi kwiikhilomitha ezimbini zeekhilomitha, indlu yangasese yamakhulu aliqela abantu, kuthetha ukuthini ukuvalelwa kwabantu yedwa okanye ukuhlala kude nabantu kwiimeko ezinje?
Endaweni yokuvavanya, ukubeka iliso, ukumisa iindibano zikawonke-wonke kunye nokuvalwa, ukutsho, iindawo zokutyela kunye neevenkile ezinkulu, ngexesha apho kwakukho amakhulu ambalwa amatyala, behlisa isando kwilizwe liphela. Balophule uqoqosho esele lukwingxaki enzulu kwaye ngoku kucacayo ukuba ukudodobala okukhulu koqoqosho. Amakhulu ezigidi zemisebenzi elahlekileyo.
Amatyala ayanyuka, kwaye ngoku inani le-280,000. Njengoko igrafu inyuka i-lockdown iye yanyuswa. Esophule yonke into, urhulumente ngoku uye wazikhulula kulo lonke uxanduva, kwaye usixelela ukuba kufuneka sifunde ukuphila nale ntsholongwane. Abantu ebekufanele ukuba bavunyelwe ukuba bagoduke kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo, ngoku bafikelela kwiilali zabo, bephethe le ntsholongwane.
Buburhalarhume bukaModi kuphela, amandla akhe angenakuphikiswa kunye nokungaqondi kwakhe ngokupheleleyo ilizwe alilawulayo okwakunokukhokelela kwintlekele enkulu ngolo hlobo. Unamaqhinga, kodwa akanangqondo. Leyo yindibaniselwano eyingozi.
Ukongeza kuyo yonke le nto, urhulumente we-Modi's overt Islamophobia, eyandiswa yimithombo yeendaba engenazintloni, engakhathaliyo-etyhola amaSilamsi ngokusasaza izifo. Uneenkqubo zikamabonwakude ezipheleleyo ezinikezelwe "kwi-COVID jihad" njl. ... - ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngobuninzi bayo nayiphi na imigangatho), umthetho omtsha ochasene namaSilamsi wobumi, kunye ne-pogrom ngokuchasene namaSilamsi eMntla Mpuma Delhi apho amapolisa aseDelhi abonwa ethatha inxaxheba.
AmaSilamsi aselula, abafundi kunye namatshantliziyo abanjwa mihla le ngokuba “ngabenzi bobubi” kule ndyikityha yokufa. Ngelixa abezopolitiko beqela elilawulayo abaphume ezitalatweni bebiza ukuba "abangcatshi" badutyulwe, bahlala kwizikhundla zolawulo kunye nokubonakala okuphezulu.
Uye wagxekwa udliwano-ndlebe oyinike iDeutsche Welle, apho uchaza le nto ixhaphakileyo ye-Islamophobia njengento enokuba sisiqalo sokubulawa kwabantu. Ngaba ungasinceda siqonde ukwanda kwale meko?
Ewe. Ndathi ulwimi olusetyenziswa ngamajelo eendaba aphambili ngokuchasene namaSilamsi lwenzelwe ukuthomalalisa ubuntu babo. Ukupeyinta uluntu lonke njenge "corona jihadis" ngexesha lo bhubhani, xa kukho umoya okhoyo wobundlobongela obujoliswe kumaSilamsi kukudala imozulu etshabalalisayo.
Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo siye saba namatyala amaninzi okubulalana kwehlokondiba kunye nokubulawa kohlobo lukaGeorge Floyd-umahluko eIndiya kukuba amahlokondiba amaHindu abulalayo kwaye amapolisa, inkqubo yezomthetho kunye nezopolitiko ziyabanceda ukuba babaleke. nayo.
Ezi ziqendu zobundlobongela kunye nokubulawa kwabantu ngokuchasene negcuntswana lamaSilamsi eIndiya aziyonto intsha. Cinga nge-pogrom eyaqhubeka kangangeenyanga ngo-2002 eGujarat, xa uNarendra Modi wayenguMphathiswa Oyintloko welo Lizwe. AmaSilamsi ayebulawa emini. UModi wajonga ecaleni kwaye akazange abonakalise ukuzisola. Ngokuchasene noko. Uye wakhwela kwigunya kwelo lifa. Yena kunye nabaphathiswa bakhe bangamalungu e-RSS yobuHindu bobungangamsha, oyena mbutho unamandla eIndiya ombono wawo owasekayo waphefumlelwa nguMussolini nobufasi baseTaliyane.
I-fascism yamaHindu ineengcambu zolwimi lwasekhaya. Inkqubo yocalucalulo - inkqubo ekucingelwa ukuba imiselwe nguThixo yolawulo lwentlalontle apho amaBrahmins azijonga njengogqatso olubalaseleyo - ibeka isiseko sesimo sengqondo sobuFasi.
Kodwa ukuza ekutyhilekeni kweziganeko ezibeka ithoni yokuvalwa kwethu - kwasekuqaleni, kwangoko emva kokubhengezwa kwayo ekupheleni kuka-Matshi, abeendaba basasaza iindaba zamatyala amaninzi osulelo eNizamuddin, indawo kanye embindini. yaseDelhi kude kufuphi nalapho ndihlala khona, ukuba kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi koko yayibambe inkomfa enkulu eyayiququzelelwe libandla lamaSilamsi elibizwa ngokuba yiTablighi Jamaat, enabathunywa abaninzi abasuka phesheya. Ngoko nangoko i-hashtag #CoronaJihad yaqala ukujikeleza kuTwitter. IiTablighis zazibizwa ngokuba "ziibhombu zabantu". AmaSilamsi ayengavunyelwa ukuba angeniswe ezibhedlele kwaye iinkokeli zasekhaya ze-BJP kunye nabezopolitiko bafuna ukuba abathengisi beziqhamo nemifuno bamaSilamsi bagxothwe.
Yayifana ngendlela eyoyikekayo nendlela, ebudeni bokuvela koLawulo Lwesithathu, amaNazi aqalisa ukutyhola amaYuda ngokuba ngabasasazi bezifo, abathwali besifo setyphus. Kwaye ithoni yemidiya - ngakumbi amajelo afana neZee TV kunye neRiphabhlikhi yeTV yaqala ukuvakala njengeRadio Rwanda. La matshaneli awongwa ngokukodwa yi-Modi coterie, enikwe udliwano-ndlebe olukhethekileyo nguye kunye nomphathiswa wakhe wekhaya owoyikekayo. Umboniso owoyikekayo uyaqhubeka.
AmaSilamsi aphathwa kakubi, anyanzelwa phantsi kwezoqoqosho nangokwentlalo - ukuba ufunda abaphengululi be-genocide njengoRobert Jay Lifton, bakuxelela ukuba eli linyathelo lokuqala, indlela eqala ngayo.
Kwaye okwangoku, kwiinyanga ezandulela ukuvalwa, umbutho woqhanqalazo wawukhula ngokuchasene noMthetho oYilwayo woBumi obuphantsi kukarhulumente owapasiswa ngoDisemba. Ukuchaza njani ukuwohloka ngokukhawuleza kwemeko?
Ewe. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo olu qhankqalazo lwalufana noko kwenzeka e-US ngoku. Olu qhankqalazo lwalungakhethi cala. Imbongi kwaye intle. Kwakamsinya nje emva koMthetho osaYilwayo woLungiso loBumi ngoDisemba, abafundi baqhankqalaza. Baye babekwa phantsi ngokukhohlakeleyo ngamapolisa. Amapolisa angena kwiikhampasi, aqhekeza ithala leencwadi, kwaye asebenzisa izixhobo kubafundi ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kumaphulo okulwa nabanqolobi. Oku kwabacaphukisa kakhulu abantu abaselula. Kwakukho uqhanqalazo olukhulu kulo lonke elaseIndiya.
EDelhi, kwindawo yaseShaheen Bagh, amawakawaka abasetyhini ahlanganisene ukuvala indlela yedolophu. Bahlala apho phantse iinyanga ezintathu. UShaheen Bagh waba yindawo yokuyila ngokudibeneyo, ukufundwa kwemibongo, iikonsathi zomculo. Yayibonakaliswe kwezinye izixeko ezifana neMumbai, Bengaluru kunye neKolkata. Xa iphulo lonyulo lukarhulumente waseDelhi laqala, uModi kunye neqela lakhe bapeyinta aba bafazi njengabanqolobi, njengamaPakistani - yayilelona phulo libi kakhulu onokucinga ngalo. Kodwa balahlekelwa. I-AAP (i-Common Man's Party) iphumelele izihlalo ze-62 kwi-70. Kungekudala emva kokoyiswa, i-pogrom echasene namaSilamsi yaqala eNyakatho Mpuma yeDelhi.
Umongameli uTrump wayetyelele eDelhi ngelixa ukubulawa kwabantu kunye nemililo yayigquba. Wenza ngathi ayenzeki kwaye endaweni yoko wahlamba uModi ngendumiso. Kwabulawa abantu abangamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu. Yenze iindaba ezinkulu e-US, eyacaphukisa i-BJP. Ke ngoku ngelixa sonke sivaleleke phantsi, kukho umjikelo omkhulu wokubanjwa. Abafundi abancinci basentolongweni, besenziwa ukuba bahlawule ixabiso lendyikityha yokufa eyaphenjelelwa ngokuphandle ngabapolitiki beBJP.
Iiveki zokugqibela zolu kuvalwa kweIndiya kuye kwamangalisa kakhulu. Ukuvuza kwegesi kumzi-mveliso wemichiza kumazantsi eIndiya kubangele ukufa kwabantu abali-11 kwaza kwagulisa amakhulukhulu; abafuduki abalishumi elinesithandathu bafa ebuthongweni phantsi kololiwe wempahla; kwaye inkanyamba ibulale abantu abangaphezu kwama-80. Loluphi uhlobo lwaseIndiya oluza kuphuma kutshixo?
Njengomzimba womntu, le ntsholongwane yaba nefuthe lokwenza ibonakale kwaye ikhawulezise ukuwa kwinqanaba lentlalo. Zonke izifo - izifo eziye zenziwa kuluntu olungenabulungisa ngokunzulu - ziye zagqabhuka zijongwa. Iya kuba yi-Indiya eyonakele kakhulu, eyahlulahlulwe ngakumbi kukungalingani: ukuvalwa komsebenzi akuthethanga nje ukuthotywa kwezoqoqosho, kodwa kubangele ukunyamalala kwabasebenzi abaninzi ababexhatshazwa ngenkohlakalo kwaye behlawulwa umvuzo omncinci wokuziphilisa.
Iyamangalisa into yokuba ngaphandle kombono owoyikekayo wemfuduko - imfuduko ebuyela umva yabasebenzi ebonisa ukuba ubuthathaka kangakanani, ubuthathaka kangakanani, ubuhlwempu - sinodidi lwequmrhu olucela ukuchithwa okungaphezulu kwemithetho yokhuseleko lwabasebenzi (ekuthi nangayiphi na imeko. faka isicelo kwicandelo elincinane kakhulu labasebenzi) ukuze i-Indiya ikwazi ukukhuphisana ne-China njengendawo yokuvelisa. Akulula ukubona kwangaphambili iziphumo. Ukuba ngaphambi kokuvalwa komsebenzi sasinelona zinga libi kakhulu labantu abangaphangeliyo kwiminyaka engama-40, andicingi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ngoku, kunye nelizwekazi eliphantsi koxinzelelo. Sibeka umngcipheko wendlala enkulu, nangona iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zinezigidi zeetoni zokutya okuziinkozo.
Ukungabikho kokusesikweni kwafihlwa kude, ngamajelo eendaba, yi-Bollywood, ngabantu boncwadi nenkcubeko ababeyigqala njengexabiso elamkelekileyo lokuba ligunya elikhulu.
Ekuphela kwentuthuzelo kukuba lo mfanekiso wemeko kaxakeka uphandle elubala: abo babenelungelo lokuzivalela ekhaya, abakwazanga kuzibamba babone ubukhulu bentlekele, intswela-bulungisa eyoyikekayo kunye nehlazo lokuba yinxalenye yoluntu olunje. . Yayifihlwe kude, ngamajelo eendaba, yi-Bollywood, ngabantu boncwadi kunye nenkcubeko ababeyijonga njengexabiso elamkelekileyo lokuba negunya elikhulu. Yintoni enokwenzeka kwiiveki nakwiinyanga ezizayo, kuxhomekeke kuye ngamnye wethu, kungekuphela eIndiya kodwa kuyo yonke indawo: ngaba siya kubuyela umva kumzila ofanayo, okanye silwele utshintsho?
Ucebise ukuba iinkundla zamalungelo oluntu kufuneka zivavanye iimpendulo zikarhulumente kwi-COVID.
Ewe, kuba into eyenziwe ebantwini ngokokubona kwam bubugwenxa eluntwini. Ukuze sizazi ngokupheleleyo iikhonto zayo, sifuna iinyani esinokuzithemba. Kwicala lezempilo, kwicala lezoqoqosho, indima yamajelo eendaba – yonke loo nto. Amaxwebhu, ukuqokelelwa kobungqina kunye nobungqina ngokwako kuya kuba sisenzo sotshintsho olululo.
Inxalenye yolu dliwano-ndlebe yapapashwa kuqala ngu IManifesto ngesiTaliyane.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 amagqabantshintshi
“Unamaqhinga, kodwa akanangqondo. Yindibaniselwano eyingozi leyo.”
Esi sivakalisi seArundhati sivakala siqhelekile kumntu ohlala e-US.