I-TORONTO (CUP) - Ziziphi izinto ezibonisa iintlekele ezibonisa kwiindaba, kwaye kwenzekani xa ibali lakutshanje lingena kwindlela enkulu - kodwa engathandwa kakhulu - ingxaki?
Hlala phantsi umnxibelelanisi weendaba kunye nommeli we-arhente yoncedo yezizwe ngezizwe kwaye loo mibuzo, kungekudala okanye kamva, yabetha itafile.
"Qikelela ntoni? I-Afghanistan ayilona lizwe kuphela elinezinto ezininzi eziqhubekayo," kusho u-Isabelle Jeanson, igosa lezwe laseCanada looGqirha ngaphandle kwemida. "Ezinye izinto azigqunywanga kuba azinayo i-angle yaseCanada ngandlela thile, ngoko iyakhathaza kakhulu."
Ke ngoko umkhuhlane weentaka - ukuza kuthi ga ngoku umntu ongaqalisiyo njengombulali omkhulu - ufumana i-inki, ngelixa isifo seengcongconi esibuyayo - isibetho sebhayibhile - sihamba singaxelwanga. Xa izigidi zabantu zijongene nendlala eZimbabwe, abaxhasi baye bathintelwa ekunikeleni uncedo kuba iindaba zamajelo eendaba zibonisa ukuba urhwaphilizo lukarhulumente lubangele ukuwa kwezolimo.
Xa uJonathan Manthorpe, umnxibelelanisi kunye nombhali weVancouver Sun, wathunyelwa eIndiya ukuba ayokugubungela isibetho se-bubonic kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, waphazamiseka kukufumana umbulali omkhulu ngakumbi, owayengahoywanga.
UManthorpe ukhumbula ukuba kwiiveki ezintathu yena noogxa bakhe banyanzelwa ukuba bagubungele malunga nokufa kwabantu abangama-31 ngesibetho, abantu abangama-45,000 babulawa sisifo sephepha eIndiya. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje ubhubhani wesifo sephepha ekulula ukuwunyanga ngokwentelekiso usaqhubeka nokwenza uluhlu lweeDoctors Without Borders kumabali eendaba ali-10 aphezulu axelwe ngaphantsi.
UManthorpe uphawule impendulo efanayo ye-hyperbolic media ekuqhambukeni kwe-SARS ngokufanelekileyo. Uphononongo lweYunivesithi yaseRutgers efunyenwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuqhambuka kwe-SARS, yayivelisa ngaphezulu kwe-10 inani lamabali anikezelwe ku-AIDS, isifo esifana ngokusondeleyo nesibetho sale mihla.
“Ndimangalisiwe lishishini elinyusa uloyiko kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba,” utshilo uManthorpe. "Ukujikeleza kunye nokulumkisa ngokufa kunye nentshabalalo lishishini elihle kakhulu kule mihla kwaye ndicinga ukuba kufanelekile ukuba iintatheli zizame ukudlulisela inyaniso encinci kwezi zinto."
UManthorpe unexhala lokuba ilifa le-'90s lokuvala iiofisi zeendaba zangaphandle lilunyusile olu hlobo losasazo oluchukumisayo kunye nolwe-decontextualized.
Ukunqongophala kweentatheli ezikhethekileyo zaphesheya kolwandle kuye kwacutha ukubakho kokufumaneka kwamanye amazwe ngaphandle kokuba inecandelo elomeleleyo laseKhanada. UManthorpe uqaphela ukuba ukugubungela iAfghanistan kulandele okwenziwa ngabantu baseCanada kweli lizwe, kunokuba kwenzeke ntoni.
"Nokuba ungasibiza ngokusemthethweni isiqwenga sangaphandle esihambelanayo ndicinga ukuba siyathandabuza," utshilo uManthorpe. Uqaphela iinzame zokwakha ngokutsha, ngoko ke, phantse azihoywa ngokupheleleyo ngokuthanda amabali omkhosi.
Ngeli xesha, iintatheli ezimbalwa ezishiyekileyo zangaphandle kufuneka zijamelane nobunzima bokufumana eyona ngxilimbela isebenzayo kwiintlekele ukuze zikhuphisane nesithuba seendaba esinciphileyo.
Ii-arhente zoncedo kunye neentatheli ngokufanayo zisoloko zizama ukuguqulela ingxelo yazo ngeenzame zokweyisela abahleli ukuba abantu baseCanada abanamdla kwaphela kumabali asekhaya. Kukho ingxoxo ehlala ihleli malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lokhuselo olusebenza kakhulu ekuvuseni uvelwano loluntu.
UAnthea Webb, igosa eliphezulu lobudlelwane boluntu kwiNkqubo yoKutya yeHlabathi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (WFP), uphawula ngentloko amabali eendaba ashukumise abaxhasi ukuba baphendule, njengebali lentombazana encinci eyadutyulwa umlenze wayo ngexesha lemfazwe yaseKosovo. Esi siqwenga sibangele ukuba alandelwe yibhiliyoni yaseArgentina enomdla wokuhlawula amatyala akhe zonyango ubomi bakhe bonke.
"Ndicinga ukuba ibuyela kumabali omntu," utshilo uWebb. Kwakhona ukugqala njengobuntu ukuncoma abantu aboyisa ubunzima.
Ngesi sizathu iWFP ipapashe ngokubanzi ityala likaPaul Tergat. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe eyadlulayo, uTergat waye wafumana inkqubo yesidlo sasemini saseKenya. Namhlanje ungomnye weembaleki zomgama ophakamileyo kwihlabathi kunye nonozakuzaku weWFP ochasene nendlala.
“Ungabaqaqambisa abo bantu bakwaziyo ukoyisa iimeko ezinzima ngokwenene, njengoPaul Tergat, owayengakhumbuli ukuba wayenesidlo sasemini esinesidima de wafumana ukutya kwasesikolweni eKenya, kodwa waqhubeka nokwaphula irekhodi lehlabathi kwaye owakhuthazayo. abantu,” utshilo uWebb.
UWebb uyavuma ukuba, ngenxa yokunqaba kweendaba ezilungileyo kumajelo eendaba ngokubanzi, ayimangalisi into yokuba usasazo olulungileyo lwamazwe ngamazwe lungaphantsi rhoqo.
"Maninzi amabali amnandi," utshilo, kodwa wongeza, "inyaniso kukuba amanani e-Afrika ngokubanzi ahamba ngendlela engafanelekanga. Baninzi abantu abalambileyo, izinga lokufa kweentsana liyakhula kunokuba lihle."
Amandla osasazo okusasaza impendulo yoluntu kunye nesenzo sikarhulumente abonakala ngokucacileyo ngexesha lendlala yakutshanje eNiger. Ngaphandle kwezibheno ezininzi ze-WFP, inkxaso yabaxhasi ayizange iqalise ukuthulula de i-BBC yalithatha eli bali, nangona ngelo xesha le ngxaki yayisele ifikelele kwindawo enzima kubantu abaninzi.
“Kwakungekho de abantu babona iintsana zisifa kwizikrini zabo apho oorhulumente nabantu babucala banikel’ ingqalelo,” utshilo uWebb.
Imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente (NGOs) ijongene nokubamba-22 xa izama ukuzisa ingqalelo kwiintlekele ezingahoywanga, ngokutsho kukaJoshua Greenberg, unjingalwazi wezonxibelelwano kwiYunivesithi yaseCarleton ojongene nemibutho engenzi nzuzo.
"Eyona ndlela ilula yokufumana ingqalelo kumajelo eendaba kukubonelela ngamabali asele ehambelana nezibhalo zenkcubeko," utshilo.
Ekwenzeni iikhamera, uGreenberg ucebisa ukuba ii-NGOs zingenza igalelo ngokungenzi ngabom kuqikelelo lweendaba, ziqhubekisela phambili usasazo olufanayo lwegeneric olutsala uluntu ukuba luxole.
Amava kaManthorpe njengomnxibelelanisi ozinze eZimbabwe amfundise ukuba kukho amabali ambalwa eAfrika onokucenga abantu ukuba bawamkele, oko kukuthi, ukufa, intshabalalo kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.
UJohn Riley okwangoku ubhala incwadi malunga nokukwazi kwamajelo eendaba ukunyanzela abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ukuba basabele. Unjingalwazi wenzululwazi yezopolitiko kwiYunivesithi yaseKutztown yasePennsylvania ucebisa ukuba ii-NGOs ezifana nooGqirha abangenayo imida babenobulumko bokusuka kwindlela ye-"Sally Struthers": amaphulo asekelwe kwimfesane acela inkxaso-mali enomfanekiso weqela labantwana abalambileyo. Uthi oko ababukeli bakufumanisa kunyanzelekile kuxa ibali lincinci malunga nentlekele kwaye ngakumbi malunga nendlela abaxhasi abazibona ngayo.
Nakwimeko yaseRwanda, uRiley ucebisa ukuba umdla uhlala uphezulu nanamhlanje kuba uxelela ibali laseNtshona. Idiza ukusilela kweMelika ukungenelela, nto leyo ephikisana nezimvo zelizwe.
I-Reuters AlertNet yasekwa emva kweRwanda, kunye nesigunyaziso esicacileyo sokwandisa ukugubungela iintlekele zobuntu, ukuze iintlekele ezinjalo ziphinde zenzeke ekusithekeni.
UMark Jones, umhleli we-AlertNet, ukhomba kuphononongo oludibeneyo oluqhutywe kunye ne-Columbia School of Journalism ebonisa iindaba zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zanda ngokumodareyitha kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, nangona imbono echaseneyo yee-arhente ezininzi zoncedo.
UJones uphawula ukuba iintatheli zihlala zifuna ukufikelela kwimithombo emininzi ye-NGO kunye nezibonelelo kuba kufuneka balwe nabagcini bamasango bangaphakathi ukuze bagubungele iingxaki zamazwe ngamazwe ezinokubiza kwaye zibe yingozi, kwaye azisoloko ziza nomdla oqinisekisiweyo wabaphulaphuli.
“Sivakalelwa kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuxhobisa abachola-choli beendaba ngezixhobo ezithile kunye neengxoxo ezithile [ukuba] baye kubahleli babo beendaba kunye nabahleli benkqubo ukuze babe nethemba lokuba kuyafaneleka ukugubungela ezi zinto,” uchaza uJones.
UJones ufumanisa ukuba abaphulaphuli beendaba bafumana ukungena ngakumbi kunye nokugubungela ngokunzulu imiba yee-arhente zoncedo ezijongene nayo yonke imihla. Impilo ephantsi kunye nemiba yokusingqongileyo ehlala igxininisekile kwiingxelo zentlekele yafakwa ngexesha le-tsunami kwaye yandisiwe kwezinye iintlekele.
Nangona kunjalo ingxaki eqhubekayo yokunqongophala kokugubungela ezona ngxaki zinyamezelayo nezibulalayo ziyaqhubeka. UWebb uqaphela ukuba phantse yonke inkxaso-mali ye-WFP yeyoncedo lwexeshana elifutshane lwentlekele, nangona uninzi lwabantu lubulawa yindlala engapheliyo, ixesha elide.
“Amashumi alithoba eepesenti ekhulwini bafa ngaphandle kweekhamera kwiindawo ezingakhe zigqithe zingqondweni zabantu. kwabakho imfazwe okanye imbalela okanye umkhukula okanye inyikima.
UWebb uthi ilusizi into yokuba uninzi lwabantu lungazi ukuba indlala ibulala abantu abaninzi kunogawulayo nesifo sephepha zidityanisiwe.
"Ngokujonga iindaba, uninzi lwabantu luya kuxolelwa ngenxa yokungazi ukuba ngenxa yokuba uninzi lujonge ukugxila kule miba mikhulu," utshilo uWebb. "Ayikokubanciphisa, kodwa ngokwamanani, indlala ayilobali elikhulu."
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela