Va'da qilingan er, the new movie starring Matt Damon, is a movie in part about fracking, the new and extremely problematic way of getting natural gas out of shale rock far below the earth’s surface. It’s a very good movie, with good acting, particularly by Damon in a very different role than, for example, his Jason Bourne trilogy. Instead of being a kick-ass former CIA assassin on a mission to reclaim his memory and the truth about what was done to him, in Promised Land Damon is a conflicted, conscience-stricken, corporate hot shot “land man” using bribes and threats, when necessary, to get people in a small, rural town to agree to let their town be fracked.
Ammo film hech qanday tarzda fraking bilan bog'liq ko'plab muammolarning barchasini yoki hatto ko'pini taqdim etmaydi, ammo buni aniq va ishonchli tarzda amalga oshirmaydi. Uning asosiy muammosi er va suvning ifloslanishidir. Bu toshni sindirish va uning ichidagi gazni chiqarish uchun og'ir bosim ostida slanetsga tushib ketadigan suv va qum bilan aralashtirilgan zaharli kimyoviy moddalar natijasida sodir bo'ladi. Ushbu zaharli aralashmaning bir qismi tabiiy gazning asosiy tarkibiy qismi bo'lgan metan bilan birga yana paydo bo'ladi va o'simliklar va hayvonlarning o'limi, odamlarning kasalliklari va suvdan zaharlanishning juda ko'p aniq holatlari bu jiddiy muammoning yaqqol isbotidir.
But there are many more that Promised Land doesn’t mention, much less explain:
· fracking’s huge and growing contribution to our global heating crisis: methane is 72-105 times as powerful a greenhouse gas as CO2 over the first 20 years after it is released into the atmosphere, and studies over the past two years, including by the EPA, show that there is much more methane leakage over the lifecycle of fracked, as well as conventionally-produced, natural gas, than the oil/gas industry admits;
· constant heavy truck traffic transporting water, sand and fracking fluids that pollutes surrounding air, causes damage to roads, creates traffic congestion and noise and other negative impacts;
· the contamination of rivers close to fracking sites through either deliberate dumping of “flowback” wastewater after a well is drilled or through migration of those fluids underground;
· the drawdown of massive amounts of sometimes-scarce—as in historically dry or dought-impacted areas—nearby river and lake water, many millions of gallons per well;
· documented radiation levels in wastewater 100 or more times the EPA’s drinking water standard;
· disruption of other economically-and socially-valued industries or practices, such as agriculture, tourism, hunting and fishing;
· fragmentation of woods and forests via construction of well sites, pipelines, roads and other infrastructure;
· a decline in property values of homes and land adjacent to or near wells; and,
· earthquakes: the United States Geological Survey has reported that deep underground injection of drilling wastewater is the probable cause of a six-fold increase in earthquakes in middle America in 2011 compared to 20th century levels.
So if you are looking for a movie about all of the negatives about fracking, Promised Land is not the movie to watch.
Promised Land is in many ways more a movie about corporate power, and the ideology that undergirds it, versus the power of an informed people and the old-but-still-good values of love for family, land, home, and the truth. The energy company that Damon works for is thoroughly despicable, while the individuals who work for it, like Damon and the character played by Frances McDormand, are shown as more complex, human, less corporatist in their ideology.
Kichkina, ammo yorqin misollardan biri, ijara shartnomasini imzolash orqali u o'ylagan potentsial boylikdan haddan tashqari hayajonlangan yosh yigit yangi mashinada Deymonning oldiga boradi. Oldindan sodir bo'lgan sahna tufayli kino tomoshabinlari uning yer ostidagi gazdan oladigan puli, agar bor bo'lsa, bu mashina uchun to'lamasligini biladi. O'sha paytda Deymon o'z vijdoni bilan kurashmoqda va u qimmatbaho mashina va yigitga qaraganida, uning g'azabini, qilgan ishidan aybdorligini deyarli his qilasiz.
Xel Xolbruk aqlli va so'zli yoshi ulug' o'qituvchi sifatida samarali bo'lib, u birinchi navbatda frackingning ba'zi xavf-xatarlaridan xabardor bo'lgan va buni omma oldida aytishga tayyor bo'lgan yagona shaharlik. Afsuski, u buni birinchi marta qilganda, u ham gazni "toza" deb ta'riflaydi, bu mutlaqo emas. Biroq, u filmning makkorlik va ochko'zlikka asoslangan korporativ madaniyatga qarshi joy, jamiyat va abadiy qadriyatlar hayotiga qarshi kurashishdagi muvaffaqiyatli harakatlarida asosiy rol o'ynaydi, bu esa hech qanday narsani yo'q qilishda qiyinchilik tug'dirmaydi.
There’s a lot of food for thought in Promised Land, and I hope large numbers of people see it.
Z
Ted Glick is the National Campaign Coordinator of the Chesapeake Climate Action Network. Past writings and other information can be found at http://tedglick.com, and he can be followed on twitter at http://twitter.com/jtglick.