Kunobva: FAIR
Mukumuka kwezvinoshamisa achipenga yeCapitol svondo rapfuura, makambani makuru enhau, kusanganisira Facebook, Reddit, Pinterest, pfura, YouTube, Snapchat, Instagram uye TikTok, tora zvese kutorwa matanho kurwisa Donald Trump. Kunyanya kuita misoro yenhau, zvakadaro, yaive sarudzo yemutungamiri aidiwa nemutungamiri wenyika, Twitter (1/8/21), kumumisa basa zvachose "nekuda kwenjodzi yekumwe kukurudzira mhirizhonga."
Zvakaoma kupokana kuti Trump haana kuramba achityora Twitter's mitemo mukurwisana no“kutyisidzira [kutyisidzira] chisimba” uye “kukudzwa kwechisimba,” achiruramisa kurambidzwa kwake. Asi isu tinofanirwa kukurumidza kufunga zvakare simba reaya mabehemoth enhau dzemagariro, nekuti kune mimwe mienzaniso yakawanda uko kuteedzera kwavo mitemo kwave kusingaite uye kusiri pachena.
Kunyangwe munhu akaona kurwiswa kwehoro dzeCongress sekuyedza kupidigura (semuenzaniso, Atlantic, 1/6/21; Buzzfeed News, 1/6/21; muchengeti, 1/6/21), “bope” (MSNBC, 1/10/21; Wall Street Journal, 1/12/21) kana “kuratidzira” (Fox News, 1/7/21, 1/8/21), hapana mubvunzo kuti Trump akaita kurudzira vanhu vazhinji kupinda nechisimba pachigaro chehurumende. Achirayira vateveri vake kuti “varwe sehero” kuti vamise “sarudzo dzakabiwa,” akaomerera kuti: “Hamuzombodzoreri nyika yedu noutera. Unofanira kuratidza simba, uye unofanira kusimba.”
Mafambiro enhau pakurambidzwa kwesocial media aive akasiyana. Kunyora mutech publication ZDNet (1/7/21), Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols akatsigira chisarudzo chacho. “Kodzero yekusununguka kutaura haikupi kodzero yekuda kushevedzera chitsotsi munyika yakatsemuka,” akadaro. “Twitter aifanira kunge akamisa account yaTrump makore apfuura, "akanyora Sarah Manavis mu New Statesman (1/7/21):
Kwemakore mutungamiri wenyika akatenderwa kutumira chero chaanoda, nemhedzisiro inouraya…. Mhosva yekukanda mumwe wevashandisi vepamusoro-soro kubva pachikuva inozviratidza.
Zvichakadaro, Chris Stevenson muLondon sununguka (1/11/21) vakapikisa kuti mawebhusaiti evaridzi vega ane kodzero yekubvisa masevhisi avo kubva kuvashandisi.
Jessica J. González, mukuru-mukuru weboka rinokurudzira nhau reFree Press (1/9/21) uye muvambi wemubatanidzwa wemasangano anorwisa ruvengo Change the Terms coalition, akarumbidza kurambidzwa uku sekukunda kwekuratidzira kwenhau:
TwitterSarudzo yekumisa basa Donald Trump zvachose kukunda kwevamiriri verusaruraganda avo vagara vachishora kuramba kwaakaita kushungurudzwa kwepuratifomu.
Kubva pakatangwa chirongwa chake chemutungamiri wenyika apo akazvidza vanhu vekuMexico sembavha, matsotsi nevatengesi vezvinodhaka, kusvika pakupererwa kwehutungamiriri hwake sezvo akakurudzira vachena kuti vaite mhirizhonga nekumukira hurumende, VaTrump vakashandisa nhoroondo yavo yeTwitter kukurudzira mhirizhonga, kunyepa pamusoro pezvakabuda musarudzo, kurudzira rusaruraganda uye kuparadzira dzidziso dzekurangana. Akanga asingakodzeri kuva nechikuva Twitter, kana pane imwe nhepfenyuro yemagariro kana yechinyakare.
Vamwe havana kufadzwa nemashoko aya. Kunyora mukati Politico (1/10/21), mukuru weEuropean Union Thierry Breton ainetsekana:
Iyo nyaya yekuti CEO anogona kudhonza plug paPOTUS's loudspeaker pasina cheki nemabharanzi inonetsa. Haisi kungosimbisa simba remapuratifomu aya, asi inoratidzawo kusasimba kwakadzika munzira iyo nzanga yedu yakarongeka munzvimbo yedhijitari.
Vatungamiri venyika vakaita saChancellor weGermany Angela Merkel uye Mutungamiriri weMexico Andrés Manuel López Obrador yakaratidzawo kufamba kwacho sekurohwa kwakasununguka pakutaura. New York Times munyori wenhau Michelle Goldberg (1/11/21) aive pakati, achitaura kuti tech hofori dzaive chokwadi kurambidza Trump, asi kunetsekana ne "simba rinotyisa" ravaiunganidza.
Pamwe iyo yakanyanya histrionic reaction yakabva kunaDonald Trump Jr., uyo tweeted (1/9/21):
Nyika iri kuseka America & Mao, Lenin, & Stalin vari kunyemwerera. Tekinoroji yakakura inokwanisa kudzora Mutungamiriri? Kutaura kwemahara kwakafa uye kunodzorwa nevekuruboshwe.
Muchokwadi, hongu, chaiwo, anozvitsanangura ega kuruboshwe uye manhamba eCommunist anogara achicheneswa kubva panzvimbo. Twitter vhara ingangoita iyo yese Cuban state media zvishandiso muna 2019, yakabviswa makumi ezviuru emaakaundi aanoti akabatana neChinese Communist Party, uye akamisa account yeMutungamiriri weVenezuela, Nicolás Maduro. siyana-siyana nguva pasina tsananguro. Aya mafambiro akatadza kuunza kushorwa kwemaoko uye zvinyorwa pachimiro chekusununguka kutaura, zvakadaro.
Nesimba raanoshandisa semutungamiri wenyika, Trump pasina mubvunzo ndiye anonyanya kushandisa mushandisi Twitter nhoroondo, kushandisa chikuva kuti kutyisidzira kuparadza rudzi kurwisa Iran uye kutyisidzira North Korea ne "kuparadzwa zvachose"(zvimwe nyukireya muzvisikwa). Kutyorwa kwake kwemitemo yekurwisa mhirizhonga yesaiti iyi kwaitove pachena ndege itsva "public-interest exemptions" kupembedza kwete vachimudzinga. Kunyange zvazvo vakabata zvisarudzo zvavo mumutauro worusununguko rwokutaura, ziviso dzapurezidhendi dzakashata nguva dzose dzakanga dziri mari huru zvikuru; Twitter rasika $3.4 bhiriyoni mumutengo wemusika husiku humwe mushure mekuzivisa kurambidzwa svondo rapfuura.
Nepo zviito zvaTrump zvakatyora zviri pachena zvisungo zvebasa rekambani nekungodaidzira chete asi kugadzira mhirizhonga, nyaya iyi inomutsa mibvunzo mikuru pamusoro pevaridzi vepachivande veforamu dzeveruzhinji uye hofori dzesocial media senge. Facebook uye Twitter kubata pamusoro peruzhinji. Makumi matanhatu nemasere muzana yevakuru vekuAmerica vanoshandisa Facebook uye 25% kushandisa Twitter. Mapuratifomu ese ari mahombe magedhi uye vagovani venhau kutenderera pasirese. Facebook ndiyo nzira refu ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nhau sosi muUnited States, uye mapuratifomu ese ane mabhesi evashandisi akakura kwazvo kupfuura kutenderera kwakabatana emapepanhau ese ezuva nezuva eUS. Zvinopawo vanhuwo zvavo mukana wekugovana ruzivo uye kuvaka nharaunda, zvichivaita zvikamu zvakakosha zvenzvimbo yeruzhinji yemazuva ano.
Mutori wenhau wakasununguka ndiro musimboti wenharaunda ipi neipi yakavhurika, ine hutongi hwejekerere. Asi kuzvida kana kusada, mukati memakore mashoma mashoma, makambani makuru epamhepo akadarika kusvika kwenhau dzenhaka, nhau dzichingove dzichipazwa. Twitter pamberi peimwe nzvimbo. Makambani akadai Google uye Facebook vave monopolies nekugadzira, kusvina kunze or kutenga makwikwi. Iko hakuna maitiro anoshanda emhando ipi neipi kune aya mabhemoth, kusimudza mibvunzo kuti vanofanira kunge vari vega here, zvichipiwa kukosha kwavo kuhurukuro yavose.
Hurumende dzekuMadokero dzatove nekutonga kwakanyanya pamusoro pezviri musocial media, asi nekuda kwezvido zvavo, kwete zvedu. Muna 2018, Facebook yakazivisa kuti yaizoshanda padhuze neAtlantic Council kuibatsira kugadzirisa nhau dzekudya uye kubvisa ruzivo rwenhema (FAIR.org, 5/21/18) Atlantic Council isangano reNATO cutout rinopihwa mari neDhipatimendi reHurumende pamwe nehurumende dzekunze dzakabatana. Zvayo bhodhi revatungamiri vanosanganisira vakuru-vakuru veBush-era saCondoleezza Rice naColin Powell, vakuru vemauto eUS uye vasingasviki vasere vaimbove vakuru veCIA. Kana masangano akadai seaya achipesvedzera nzira dzinonyanya kupesvedzera dzekukurukurirana kwepasirese, izvo zvave kusvika pedyo nekuongororwa kwenyika pamwero wepasi rose.
Zvichakadaro, muna 2019, mukuru Twitter mukuru akaburitswa pachena semukuru muBritish Army's psychological operations uye online warfare divisheni. Nhepfenyuro dzemakambani dzakaita nekuseka pamwe chete, nhau dzakafukidzwa nechero imwe chete yekuU.Newsweek, 10/1/19; ona FAIR.org, 10/24/19) -mhinduro inomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda inoshungurudza pamusoro pehukama pakati penzvimbo yakadzika uye yechina. Mutori wenhau akaburitsa nyaya iyi vakasiya mavhiki mashoma gare gare, ichitaura nezvekudzikisira kumusoro-pasi censorship.
Zvichida izvi zvinobatsira kutsanangura kuti sei mahofori epamhepo epamhepo zvibodzwa zvecensorship zvagara zviri vavengi vepamba uye vekunze veWashington. Facebook yakavhara mapeji ezviuru zvemapoka anopikisa masangano, akadai Occupy London uye anti-fascist Kwete Batanidza Right, uku kumisa izvo zveimwe midhiya senge Vadivelu Comedy TeleSUR English uye Venezuelanalysis.
Gore rapfuura yakazivisawo kuti, sezvo Mutungamiri Trump vakasarudza Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) sangano remagandanga, zvese zvichemo zvinopa General Qassem Soleimani achangobva kuurayiwa nenzira yakanaka zvichabviswa pakarepo pamapuratifomu ayo.Instagram, WhatsApp, nezvimwewo). "Tinoshanda pasi pemitemo yezvirango yeUS, kusanganisira iyo ine chekuita nekudomwa kwakaitwa IRGC nehurumende yeUS nehutungamiri hwayo," mutauriri wekambani. akati. Tichifunga kuti Soleimani aive neinodarika 80% yemumba mvumo yekubvumidza, izvi zvaireva kuti chirevo chaTrump chakanyatso kurambidza vanhu vekuIran kuti vagovane maonero avo akanyanya kufarirwa pamhepo.
Facebook yakashandurawo nemaune algorithm mukuyedza kutenderedza traffic kune kuruboshwe-bapiro nhau masaiti. Gore rakapera, the Wall Street Journal (10/16/20) yakashuma kuti Mark Zuckerberg pachake akabvumira kuchinja kwaizorova "kuruboshwe-kuruboshwe" nzvimbo dzezvematongerwo enyika dzakaoma kupfuura dzakarongwa kare. Zvichakadaro, vanochengetedza uye vari kure-kurudyi vatauri dominate iyo saiti, kunyangwe yavo yekugara uye zvakanaka-zvakanyorwa kutyorwa kwemitemo yebasa.
Twitter ane zvakare kucheneswa mazana ezviuru zveRussia, Chinese, Turkish neVenezuelan maakaundi, vachiramba vachimisa manzwi uye zvinyorwa zvekurwisa hondo. Sezvakaita ne Facebook, left-wing yakazvimirira nhau saiti Venezuelanalysis chipfuro chinodiwa.
Makambani akazvimirira zvimwe hazvifanirwe kuve uchitambira maforamu makuru epamhepo. Zvisinei, kana vakadaro, panofanira kuva nemitemo yakajeka uye inotevedzwa kuti igadzirise kukanganiswa kukuru kwemaitiro. Nenzira iyi, yaive sarudzo yehungwaru kubva kumakambani enhau dzemagariro kumisa kana kurambidza mutungamiri wenyika, uyo akazvidza mitemo iyi kwemakore.
Nekudaro, makambani eSilicon Valley ari kure nevasina kwavakarerekera pahunhu, uye vane nhoroondo yekushandisa masimba avo zvisizvo. Muna 2018, zvakatora nguva isingaite maawa makumi maviri nemana kuti makambani makuru etekinoroji abvise hasha dzawo kubva kune anochengetedza rangano nyanzvi Alex Jones kuruboshwe (FAIR.org, 8/22/18), kudzima uye kumisa maakaundi nedikidiki kana chikonzero. Usatarisire kuti iyi ichave sarudzo yekupedzisira ine gakava rekuongorora ravanoita.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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