โNdapota ngatiyeukei kuti kuongorora bumbiro rezvakasikwa nderimwe rematambudziko makuru uye akanakisisa muchisiko, uye rinova guru kana rakananga kune chimwe chiwanwa.โ
MUZERA raTrump, munhu ari kunyora mazwi iwayo ane zvakawanda zvekutidzidzisa nezvematambudziko esainzi ari kuuya enguva yedu.
Akataura kudaro Salviati pazuva repiri regakava rake naSagredo naSimplicio munhaurirano yekufungidzira yakafungidzirwa nemusayendisiti mukuru uye nyanzvi yenyeredzi Galileo Galilei, yebhuku rake. Nhaurirano pamusoro peVaviri Vakuru veNyika Systems, yakabudiswa mu1632.
Mu nhaurirano, Galileo anoisa pamberi maonero ake enhema okuti Pasi nemamwe mapuraneti anotenderera zuva mukupesana neChechi yeKaturike yakatenderwa Ptolemaic system umo chinhu chiri chose chiri muchadenga chinotenderera Pasi.
Galileo aikarira kuti kupfurikidza nokugamuchira chimiro chekurukurirano nokuda kwenharo yake, kwaizomubvumira kupfuuridzira nharo yake pamusoro pechimiro chechokwadi chechisiko chapose pose ndokunzvenga ngwariro dzeBvunzurudzo, iyo yakasimbisa dzidziso yeChechi nesimba rokurambidza, kupfigira mutorongo uye kuuraya.
Zvisinei, shamwari yaGalileo, Pope Urban VIII, uyo pachake akanga abvumira Galileo kunyora bhuku racho. nhaurirano, haana kubvumira manzwiro kuvhiringidza simba. Galileo akabatwa nemhosva yekupandukira uye akapedza mazuva ake ese ari musungwa - the nhaurirano rakarambidzwa neBvunzurudzo, pamwe chete nerimwe bhuku ripi neripi iro Galileo akanga anyora kana kuti aigona kunyora.
Inowanzo kuratidzwa sekukonana kwakanyanya pakati pechitendero nesainzi, kukakavara kwaGalileo nePapacy kwaive, chaiko, kwakadzika midzi mukufunga kwesimba rezvematongerwo enyika sezvazvaive nemazano pamusoro pemamiriro ezuva nenzvimbo yedu mukati maro.
Pakati pekunetsana kwanhasi pakati paDonald Trump nenharaunda yesainzi pamusoro pemari, kutsvagisa, rusununguko rwekutaura rusingatadzirwe uye rudzi rwekudyidzana kwenyika dzese kunodiwa kuita basa resainzi rinoshanda, hapana mamiriro aripo chete munharaunda yemazano.
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KUKATAURIRANA kwaGALILEO uye kutongwa kwakawedzerwa kwepomero dzenhema kwakabatana nezvinetso zvezvematongerwo enyika nemauto zvakatarisana naPope Urban VIII.
Mukudzvinyirirwa kubva kune yakazozivikanwa seHondo yeMakore Makumi Matatu yaipisa pakati peEurope pakati pemauto echiKatorike nemaPurotesitendi, Urban yakanga ichiedza kusimudzira uye kumisazve simba reRoma kuburikidza neBvunzurudzo, ichibvisa chikwereti chaPapa kubva pakuwedzera kwemauto. kushandisa mari, uku ichikurudzira kudyidzana nehuwori kwatekeshera.
Kufananidzwa neUS ye2017 uye mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika uye ehupfumi ari kushamisa, sezvo bapiro rekurudyi ranhasi richitsvaga kuratidza chiremera chayo uye kudzosera nyika kumashure mune zvematongerwo enyika nemagariro nekutanga kurwisa vatorwa, maNative America, vakadzi uye hutano hwekubereka, mibatanidzwa, uye zvakawanikwa zve LGBTQ, mafambiro ezvakatipoteredza uye kodzero dzevanhu. Kurwiswa uku kwakatambanudzirwa munzvimbo yakakura yenharaunda, inosanganisira zvese zvehunyanzvi nesainzi.
Mushure mekunge mishumo yabuda mumazuva ekutanga ehutongi hwaTrump yekuti aida kudzosera mari kuNational Endowment for the Arts and National Endowment for the Humanities-inobata 0.01 muzana yebhajeti remubatanidzwa-Suzanne Nossel, kunyora mukati Foreign Policy, yakadana uku kuti โkurwiswa kweChiedza.โ
Zvichakadaro, nekusarudzwa kwaTrump uye zvaanotaura pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, masayendisiti anotungamira Doomsday Clock. akaifambisa mamwe masekonzi makumi matatu pedyo kusvika pakati pehusiku. Iyi ndiyo yave pedyo kusvika pakati pehusiku kubvira 1953, panguva yeHondo Yemashoko uye zvichitevera danho rakatorwa neUS rekuvandudza zvombo zvayo zvenyukireya nezvombo zvethermonuclear.
"Hutongi hwaTrump hunofanirwa kutaura zvakajeka uye zvisina mubvunzo kuti hunobvuma kuti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunokonzerwa nezviitiko zvevanhu," nyanzvi yefizikisi Lawrence Krauss akadaro pamusangano wevatori venhau achizivisa shanduko yenguva yeDoomsday Clock. "Policy ine musoro inoda chokwadi chiri chokwadi."
Nehurombo, chokwadi-chekutarisa webhusaiti Politifact yakaratidza izvozvo 71 muzana yemashoko aTrump paruzhinji kubva ku "kunyanya nhema" kusvika ku "bhurukwa riri pamoto" mazinga eupenzi.
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MUKATI mamaawa agadzwa VaTrump, mashoko akatanga kutenderera ekuti masangano ehurumende akaita seNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) neEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) akanga anzi aite basa iri. scrub mareferensi ekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kubva kumawebhusaiti avo. Paive nemimwe mishumo yegag maodha paDhipatimendi rekurima uye kumisa mibairo yeEPA.
Nyanzvi yezvemamiriro ekunze eNASA, James Hansen, akavharwa muromo zvine mukurumbira panguva yehutungamiriri hwaGeorge W. Bush, pamwe chete nemazana evamwe pamasangano manomwe akasiyana avo vakarambidzwa kushandisa izwi rekuti "global warming."
Nekudaro, masayendisiti kuEPA anoti danho raVaTrump rekuti chero data rakaunganidzwa navo-kusanganisira ruzivo rwune chekuita nehutano hwevanhu nehwepasi-anofanira kutanga aongororwa zvematongerwo enyika asati aburitswa pachena inotora zvinhu zvakanyanya kudzika munzira yekuongororwa chaiko.
Nekuda kwekubvisa EPA zvachose, hazvigoneke, tichifunga kuti chipangamazano chakakosha kuna Trump uye. mukuru wake weshanduko yeEPA, Myron Ebel, anonzi vezvemamiriro ekunze "kutyisidzira kukuru kune rusununguko uye kubudirira munyika yanhasi."
Mumwe anoshaya kuti aive afunga here chinyorwa mu muzvarirwo, rimwe remagazini esainzi ane mukurumbira pasi rose, ayo, pasi pomusoro unoti โMasayendisiti Anofanira Kurwira Chokwadi,โ akarondedzera hurongwa hwesimba hwaTrump seโchibereko chokushora uye makaroโ nokuda kwokuomerera kwacho kupfungwa dzinotaurwa dzakatorwa zvakananga kubva muindasitiri yemafuta ezvisaririra. .
Zvakaipa semhepo yedu, mvura uye ivhu nhasi, tinoziva isati yasikwa EPA pasi paRichard Nixon mukupindura masaisai makuru ekufora kwemamiriro ekunze muma1960 nema70s. zvinhu zvakanga zvanyanya kuipa.
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MUKUPEDZA kurwiswa uku-uye kuwedzera kunokonzera kushungurudzika uye kuzvidya mwoyo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwebasaโ masayendisiti akadana a March for Science paZuva rePasi, Kubvumbi 22, muWashington, DC Kufanana nehofori yeKurume yeMadzimai paWashington zuva rakatevera kugadzwa kwaTrump, kufora kwesainzi kwakatoburitsa kudana kwekuratidzira kwekubatana mune mamwe maguta munyika yose.
Chikamu chimwe chete muzvishanu chemasayendisiti muUS vatorwa, zvichireva hupenyu hwezviuru zvesainzi nevadzidzi vesainzi. vakatokanganiswa nekurambidzwa kufamba, zvichisiya vanhu vashungurudzika, asi vachikurudzirawo kuratidzira. Chikumbiro chakagadzirwa nevadzidzi vachipokana neanopokana neMuslim immigration kurambidzwa, Academics Against Immigration Executive Order yakawana anopfuura 20,000 siginicha, kusanganisira anopfuura makumi mashanu eNobel Laureates.
Mukuru wesangano guru resainzi munyika, American Association for the Advancement of Science, nyanzvi yefizikisi Rush Holt akatsanangura shanduko pasi paTrump sekutora kurwisa kwenguva refu kurwisa sainzi muUS kune imwe nhanho: "Mubasa rangu renguva refu handina kuona iyi nhanho yekunetsekana nezvesainzi ... Kurambidzwa kwekupinda kune dzimwe nyika kune nyaya dzakakomba dzekubatsira vanhu, asi ndinobheja kuti hazvina kumboitika kwavari inewo zvinorehwa nesayenzi.โ
Asi kuramba kubva kumasayendisiti kuri kubuda kumativi ose. Sezvo maRepublican akaedza kupasisa bhiri rekutengesa imwe nzvimbo yeruzhinji kumakambani uye zvido zvemafuta emafuta, vashandi veNational Park Service vakaita mhirizhonga munyika yose, vachigadzira nzvimbo dzavo dzepasocial media kurwisa disinformation uye kuita kuti veruzhinji vazive zviri kuitika.
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ZVINOFONEERA, THE Kurume kweSainzi kwakaunza gakava re โzvematongerwo enyikaโ sainzi, kunyangwe masayendisiti akasaina mavara akazaruka anodaidzira chiito chakasimba kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye. masayendisiti ezvemamiriro ekunze akatoita musangano muSan Francisco muna Zvita gore rapfuura vachipikisa kukunda kwaTrump musarudzo uye kutaura kwake kunopesana nesainzi.
Nekusarudza Zuva rePasi, kufora kwakabatana zvakajeka nekurwiswa kwaTrump kwakanyanya uye kwezvematongerwo enyika pamasangano ehurumende uye masayendisiti ane hukama nekutsvaga kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nezvimwe zvinonetsa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Zvisinei izvi, purofesa ane mukurumbira weHarvard psychology Steven Pinker akatumira: "Masayendisiti 'Kurume paWashington chirongwa chinokanganisa zvinangwa zvaro neanopesana nesainzi PC / chitupa zvematongerwo enyika / zvakaoma-kuruboshwe rhetoric" -sezviri pachena nekuti webhusaiti yacho yaisanganisira ruzivo nezvekukosha kwekusiyana uye mharadzano.
Zvichakadaro, munyori wesainzi Dr. Alex Berezow, akanyora bhuku rezvematongerwo enyika rakanangana neanofungidzirwa kuti anopokana nesainzi kuruboshwe, anotiudza kuti haasi kuzofora nekuti haritauri nezvevarume vachena, maKristu kana tsvakiridzo yesainzi inotsigirwa nevega.
Zvakanyanya kukosha, Robert Young, mumwe wevanyori-vanyori ve chirevo chekukwira kwegungwa uye kukanganisa kwaro pamhenderekedzo yeNorth Carolina-iyo yakakwevera kutsamwa kweiyo real estate lobby uye vezvematongerwo enyika vanochengetedza, pamwe nekuseka kunotyisa kubva kuna Stephen Colbert-vakakakavadzana mu New York Times kuti kufora ipfungwa yakaipa:
Kufora kwesainzi, kunyangwe paine vavariro yakanaka, kuchashanda chete kurerutsa uye kuita zvematongerwo enyika sainzi yatinofarira zvakanyanya, kushandura masayendisiti kuva rimwe boka rakabatwa muhondo dzetsika, uye nekuwedzera kutyaira pakati pemasayendisiti uye chimwe chikamu cheAmerican. electorate.
Kune rumwe rutivi rwegakava, biologist Christina Agapakis tweeted, "Kuchave kupenga kwesainzi chokwadi march kana sainzi ndeyezvematongerwo enyika uye inogadzirwa nevanhu kufora?"
Agapakis akanyanya kuenderera mberi nekupokana kuti kusave nezvido zvezvematongerwo enyika hakuna musoro kana kubatsira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvesainzi: "Kana mazana matatu emakore emasayendisiti achinyepedzera kuve ezvematongerwo enyika asina kukwana kuita kuti mumwe munhu atende kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze haisi iyo. manyepo, kudzima nyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika pakufora hakuzochinji pfungwa dzemumwe munhu.โ
Panyaya yenhaurirano iyi, mubvunzo mumwe uripo uye uri pachena ungave wekubvunza kuti ndiani ari "kuita zvematongerwo enyika" sainzi?
Tichifunga kuramba kwaVaTrump nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kurwisa kwavo sainzi, kugadzwa kwaakaita aimbove CEO weExxonMobil Rex Tillerson semunyori wezvekunze uye kugadzwa kwaakaitwa naScott Pruitt kuti atungamire EPA-bazi remubatanidzwa iro Pruitt akapedza chigaro chake segweta guru reOklahoma achimhan'ara kanopfuura kagumi nembiri-kana paine munhu ari "kuita zvematongerwo enyika" sainzi, chokwadi zviri kutoitwa nemutungamiri wenyika.
Chokwadi, kana vapepeti vezvakanyanya mainstream USA Today buritsa statement yekuti Pruitt arambwe semukuru weEPA nekuti Trump "haana kukwanisa kudoma mumwe munhu anopesana nebasa resangano," unoziva kuti unobatanidzwa mune zvematongerwo enyika.
Kunyangwe Texas Republican Congressman Lamar Smith anogona kusabvumirana. The inveterate weather denier uye anopokana nesainzi shasha-asi zvakadaro neimwe nzira sachigaro weDare reDare reSainzi, Space, uye Technology-ane akataura kuti kuteerera kuMutungamiriri wenyika, VaDonald Trump, vachipesana nevezvenhau kana masayendisiti, ingangove "nzira chete yekuwana chokwadi chisina kujeka."
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KUTAURA nezvesayenzi inofungidzirwa kuti ine chokuita nezvematongerwe enyika haina kururama pakutanga. Sainzi yanga iri yezvematongerwo enyika kubvira payakavamba neScientific Revolution, iyo yakatanga muchidimbu nekuedza kwaGalileo paprojectile motion nekuda kwechinangwa chezvematongerwo enyika chekutanga mabhora emakanononi.
Sainzi chinhu chakafanana netsika dzemagariro evanhu sehunyanzvi, mimhanzi kana fashoni. Hongu, sainzi ndeyekuferefeta pasirese kuburikidza nehungwaru uye nekuongorora kwakasimba, asi mibvunzo inobvunzwa nevesainzi, zvavanowana mari yekuongorora, uye nzira dzavanoshandisa dzese dzakatenderedzwa nekukanganiswa nenzanga mavari.
Isu tinogona kuona kupokana ikoko nekutsvaga kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pachako.
Chikonzero chatinoziva zvakanyanya nezvemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze ndechekuti tsvakiridzo yemamiriro ekunze yakakura kubva mukuda kwemauto muma1950s kuteedzera mafambiro emhepo kuitira kuti igone kufanotaura kuti kudonha kweradioactive kwaizonyanya kurwadza zvichitevera hondo yenyukireya (iyo masayendisiti anoshanda paManhattan Project. yakanga yaita kuti zviitike pakutanga).
MuUS, tsvakiridzo iyoyo yakasimudzira kuvakwa kweiyo interstate nzira huru kufambisa kufambisa kwemauto uye kubviswa kwenzvimbo dzevagari - izvo zvakazoita kuti chiitiko chemumasabhubhu uye kukura kwe tsika yakatarisana nemotokari nemafuta emafuta.
Pane mutsauko uye kupokana pakati pehuzivi uye nzira yesainzi yakavakirwa muhumbowo hwesimba uye rationalism uye maitirwo aanoitwa munharaunda-yakasarudzika nzanga, nevanhu vanongozviisa pasi perusaruro rwemagariro uye tsika semumwe munhuwo zvake.
Kunyange zvazvo mamwe masayendisiti angataura uye achitotenda kuti ari kudzidza asingafariri mashandire anoita chisiko chapose pose nokuda kwacho, sayenzi rutivi rwenzanga yamapoka. Sezvo zvakadaro, inotarisana nekukakavadzana kwakafanana sechimwe chikamu chehutano husina kuenzana uye hunodzvinyirira.
Zvakadaro, nekuti tsananguro yesainzi yemashandiro anoita nyika yechisikigo inoda kufambirana nezviri kucherechedzwa uye zvakaongororwa chokwadi uye zvine musoro, kupokana kuri pazviri uye mamiriro ezvamatongerwe enyika endima anowanzo kuratidzwa zvakajeka kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo dzetsika dzevanhu.
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SEZVAVE zvichiratidzwa kakawanda munhoroondo, sainzi inogona kushandiswa kutsigira mamiriro ezvinhu ezvematongerwo enyika kana kuti kubatsira kuiparadza.
Nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu yekuAmerica yakakurumbira Robert K. Merton akaita nharo muma1940s kuti sainzi yaive nhamburiko yemubatanidzwa yezvakanaka zveveruzhinji, umo kugovana pfungwa mukati mesaenzi uye veruzhinji kwaive kutariswa zvakanyanya.
"Communism yetsika yesainzi haienderane netsanangudzo yetekinoroji se'nzvimbo yakavanzika' munharaunda yecapitalist," Merton akanyora. "Patents inozivisa kodzero dzekushandisa chete, uye kazhinji, isiriyo." Sekureva kwaMerton, sainzi yaizopokana nevatongi pese paiitwa kuedza kumanikidza "kuiswa pakati pekutonga kwemasangano."
Imwe yenyaya dzine mukurumbira wakashata munhoroondo yesainzi ibasa resainzi mukururamisa chimiro chehukuru hwerudzi rwevanonzi "rudzi rwevachena" nekusimuka kwerusaruraganda rwesainzi muzana ramakore rechi 19 - nhanho yemitemo yaHitler yekupokana nevaSemite. kwema1930.
Mumwe muenzaniso wesainzi unoruramisa chimiro chiripo: Social Darwinism yakadzika midzi mupfungwa yekuti isu tinozvarwa tinokwanisa kuzvibata nenzira dzemakaro nehudyire-unhu uhwu hunowanikwa mumhando dzinongoitika kuti dzienderane nehunhu hunodiwa kuti capitalism irarame.
Uye zvechokwadi, aive masayendisiti uye mainjiniya vakagadzira zvombo zveatomu, tsinga gasi, mishonga yezvipembenene uye fracking.
Sezvineiwo, kunzwisisa kuri nani kwepasirese kuburikidza nesainzi kunotipawo zvinhu zvinoshamisa: kudzora kuzvara, mushonga wemazuva ano uye majekiseni, kunyora chikamu chidiki chete chemupiro wakakura kuruzivo runobatsira mumagariro uye matekinoroji atakawana kuburikidza nekuedza kwesainzi uye budiriro yedzidziso. . Tichada kushandisa ruzivo urwu uye tekinoroji kudzivirira shanduko ine njodzi, inokonzerwa nevanhu.
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MIENZANISO iyi inoratidza zvinonyanya kutsamwisa Trump nezvesainzi-uye nei Kurume kweSainzi muWashington kuri budiriro yakakosha.
Pano zvakakosha kuve pachena nezve izvo Trump hazvisi kuita. Haasi kuti makambani kana mari yakazvimirira yesainzi inofanirwa kuderedzwa, mari yehurumende chete yesainzi-kunyanya sainzi yemamiriro ekunze, uku vachinyatsoregedza mauto. Mubvunzo waVaTrump unozopedzisira wave kuunza-uye izvo masayendisiti nevamwe vese vanofanirwa kunzwisisa-ndeuyu: Pangave ani sainzi mune zvakanaka zveveruzhinji?
VaTrump havasi kuudza mabhizinesi kuti arege kuita sainzi. Vanoda kuti hurumende irege kuita sainzi mukuda kweveruzhinji. Anoda kupera kwechokwadi-chakavakirwa hurukuro pese apo chokwadi chinopikisana nekurudyi-bapiro ideology.
Kunzwisisa kurwisa kwake sainzi nenzira iyi kunoibatanidza nerepublic uye kurwiswa kwemakambani padzidzo yeruzhinji uye hutano. Ndiwo magumo ane musoro ecapitalism muchimiro chayo chisina kuganhurirwa.
Zvakadai, iko kurwiswa kwakanyanya kwezvematongerwo enyika kunongokwanisa kudzorwa nemhinduro yakafanana yezvematongerwo enyika.
Tinoda uye tinoda zvimwe mari yemapazi ese esainzi mune zvakanaka zveveruzhinji uye kuwedzera kwekutsvaga munzvimbo dzekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, agro-ecology, tekinoroji dzesimba remagetsi, tsvakiridzo yekurapa nezvimwe zvakadaro. Tinogona chete kururamisa izvi nezvikonzero zvehunhu hwedu, hutsika hunobuda mumaitiro edu ezvematongerwo enyika uye chido chezvinobuda mumagariro maererano nehutano, mhepo yakachena, uye ivhu risina kusvibiswa nemvura.
Izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo masayendisiti ari kupikisa zvechokwadi "kuita zvematongerwo enyika" kwesainzi-kusiyana nevaya vane zvematongerwo enyika vanochengetedza vachishandisa chichemo kupikisa kuratidzira-zvinoreva: sainzi inogona kutipa chokwadi nezve mashandiro anoita nyika, asi hazviiti. kutiudza chero chinhu pamusoro pezvatingaite nezvinhu izvozvo kana tazvisimbisa.
Somuenzaniso, sainzi noruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu zvakapa vanhu mano okuvhima nokudzinga ma<em>whale kuti atsakatiswe. Asi hapana chainotiudza nezvazvo kana tinofanira kana kuti kwete. Kureva kuti, sainzi hapana chainotiudza pamusoro pechakanaka kana chakaipa-izvo zvinouya kutsika dzedu uye naizvozvo mubvunzo wetsika nezvematongerwo enyika.
Asi vanhu vazhinji vangashoropodza kuedza kwakasimba kwekugara-fenzi, kunyanya kana hupenyu hwevanhu uye hutano hwebhayosphere huri panjodzi. Uye kunyanya kana munhu akafunga zvatove zvakanyanyisa zvematongerwo enyika tsvagiridzo yesainzi, zvipo uye zvichingodaro pasi pe capitalism. Sokutaura kwakaita mudzidzisi ane utsinye Paolo Freire, kuti: โKugara paruzhowa mukurwisana kwevanodzvinyirirwa nevadzvinyiriri kunoreva kutsigira mudzvinyiriri, kwete kusava nedivi ravakarerekera.โ
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KUNYANGE TRUMP iri kuyedza zviri pachena chimwe chinhu chakatonyanya kunyanyisa, tinogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve kudzvanyirirwa kwehurumende kweruzivo rwesainzi rwakapihwa mari neruzhinji, tsvakiridzo uye kutaurirana kubva. maitiro ehutongi hwehutongi hweaimbove Mutungamiriri weCanada Stephen Harper.
Pasi paHarper, Masayendisiti eCanada akateverwa, akatyisidzirwa uye akaongororwa, nepo maraibhurari akavharwa uye zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa zvesainzi zvakatemwa.
Tichicherekedza kuti 24 muzana yevaSainzi veCanada vakataura kuti vari kudikanwa kusabvisa kana kushandura ruzivo rwesainzi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisiri zvesainzi, Robert MacDonald, musayendisiti wehurumende yeCanada kwemakumi matatu emakore, akataura:
Ndicho chinhu chaungatarisira kunzwa kuma1950 kubva kumabvazuva kweEurope, kwete chimwe chinhu chaunotarisira kunzwa kubva kune democracy yakaita seCanada muna 2013 ... United States.
Kurwiswa, kucheka uye kudzungudza kwesainzi nehurumende yeHarper, kunyanya mune chero nzvimbo kunyangwe yakabatana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, dzaive dzakawanda uye dzakarongeka, kuzvidza chero chirevo chekutonga kwegutsaruzhinji, kwechokwadi.
Kusimbisa chinangwa checensorship, iyo Ontario Confederation yeYunivhesiti Faculty Associations yakatsanangura mukumhanyira kukuratidzira kweCanada nemasayendisiti muna 2013:
Mukushaikwa kweruzivo rwakaomarara, rwesainzi-uye neruzhinji ruzivo-kuita sarudzo inove chiitiko mukusimudzira zvido zveavo vari kutonga.
MuCanada nhasi, semunyika zhinji dzakasimukira, simba rave kuwedzera kunyura mumawoko mashoma- mawoko ayo akabatanidzwa nemiviri yemabhizinesi makuru nenyika. Uye tichifunga nezvechirongwa cheMutungamiriri weHarper chekuchinja Canada sesimba rinotevera resimba, zvinoita sekunge zvido zvemakambani pamwe nenyika zvakanangana nekuwedzera kweindasitiri yekuchera zviwanikwa muCanada.
Muguta guru rehurumende reOttawa, mazana emasayendisiti akanga akapfeka majasi erabhoritari akatakura bhokisi mukufora kwemariro kuratidzira โkufa kwoufakazi hwesayenzi.โ Izvi uye gumi nemaviri ekufamba kudiki kumwewo kwakave nemhedzisiro inoonekwa pakuona kwevanhu nezvehurumende yeHarper.
Muchidzidzo masayendisiti eUS anofanirwa kuzviisa pamoyo, kudzikira kwemukurumbira wehurumende yeHarper- uye kuhwina kwakazotevera kwesarudzo kweJustin Trudeau's Liberal Party, zvichiratidza nzira yakanaka, isina ruvengo kusainzi, kana kusiri kuzorora nebhizinesi hombe. , kusanganisira indasitiri yemagetsi-inogona kurondwa muchikamu kusvika kumaforamu a2013 nemasayendisiti.
Nekudaro, kune vese vatsoropodzi munharaunda yesainzi vanoda humbowo hwesimba nezve kushanda kwekuratidzira kwezvematongerwo enyika, usatarise kupfuura chiitiko cheCanada. Sekureva kwemumwe wevarongi neboka riri shure kwekuratidzira, Humbowo hweDemocracy-iyo iri kupa zano masayendisiti eUS pakufora kwavo-akataura, kurwisa kwaTrump pasainzi:
inonyatso tsinhira zvatakaona pasi paGeorge Bush muAmerica uye zvatakaona pasi peHarper, kunze kwekunge iri kukurumidza uye yakanyanyisa kudarika zvatakaona pasi peHarper ... izvo zvave zvichifadza chaizvo kuona.
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MICHAEL MANN, mumwe wenyanzvi dzesainzi dzemamiriro ekunze pasi rose, akanyora kuti "masayendisiti, kazhinji, vanhu vakawanda vasina hanya vangada kushandisa nguva yedu murabhoritari, kunze mumunda, kudzidzisa nekutsvakurudza." Zvakadaro, Mann akaenderera mberi achidaidzira "kupandukira" Trump, nekuda kwekuoma kwekurova kwaTrump.
As Dr. Prescod-Weinsten, nyanzvi yezve cosmologist uye particle physics paYunivhesiti yeWashington, vakatsinhira.: โZvatakadzidziswa nenhorondo ndezvekutiโฆ[apo] tikashanda nehurumende dzine mhirizhonga, rusaruraganda, Islamophobic kana nyika, hazvishandi kusainzi.โ Hapana aigona kuwedzera, kuvanhu.
Kurwiswa kwesainzi kunofanirwa kudzokororwa uye kuonekwa sezvematongerwo enyika zvachose. Iri kuitwa kuitira kufambisira mberi zvido zvefossil-based corporations. Kupfuura izvozvo, chimwe chikamu uye chikamu chepurojekiti yakakura yezvematongerwo enyika kudzorera nzanga kumashure uye kubvunza marudzi ese esainzi anotsigirwa neveruzhinji, tsvakiridzo yakavakirwa pachokwadi, kuunganidza data uye kuparadzira mune zvido zvevanhuwo zvavo uye neruzhinji.
Izvo zvinotidzosera kuGalileo uye chii chinofanira kunge chiri chinangwa chekuedza kwesainzi.
Chimwe chezvimwe zvinhu zvakashatirisa Dare reBvunzurudzo ndechokuti Galileo akasarudza kunyora chinyorwa chake kwete muchiLatin, mutauro wezvidzidzo uye tsime rokuita, asi mumutauro wevanhuwo zvavo. Galileo akanyora nemaune bhuku rake muchiItalian kuti riverengeke nevakawanda-risati rarambidzwa, rainyanya kutengesa-uye rakakurukurwa.
Galileo aiitira sainzi kuitira zvakanaka-achipa chokwadi-chakavakirwa, kunzwisisa kuri nani kwepasirese kuti azivise vanhu zvakajeka nezve mashandire enyika yavo. Sezvakanyorwa naBertolt Brecht murondedzero yake yeโKunyora Chokwadi,โ "Chokwadi chinofanirwa kutaurwa nechinangwa chemibairo yaichaburitsa muchikamu chekuita."
Vesainzi vanofanira kuva vezvematongerwo enyika kuti vave masayendisiti anobudirira, kwete zvishoma. Kurwira kuri pamusoro pemubvunzo uye kunoda kuenderera mberi democratize sainzi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masayendisiti anozviona se "vagari vesaenzi" - muforoma yaRachel Carson, Barry Commoner, Carl Sagan kana Stephen Jay Gould.
KuCommoner, masayendisiti anosungirwa kupandukira kuti azadzise basa ravo resainzi mukuda kweruzhinji uye nekugarisana zvakanaka. Akanyora kuti:
Basa remudzidzi ndere kusimudzira chokwadi chakakosha munharaunda, icho chinoda rusununguko rwekuyedza zvinorehwa nekuona kwese kwakakodzera uye maonero muhurukuro yakasununguka, uye pachena kuratidza kunetseka nezvinangwa zvenharaunda yedu. Mudzidzi ane chisungo-chaanofanira kuva nacho kune nzanga inomutsigira-kune hurukuro yakasununguka yakadai. Uye apo, pasi pechisungo chakati, nyanzvi dzinodanwa kuti dzitsigire murangariro mumwe, ipapo musengwa wokukurukura unovawo musengwa wokuramba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuenderana, kupokana ibasa revadzidzi kunzanga.
Kana sainzi iine chekuita nekutora ziso rakasimba rekuferefeta kwechisikigo chiitiko chekuvandudza vanhu, saka pane kuona kupikisa uye kubatanidzwa kweveruzhinji sekukanganisa purojekiti iyoyo, izvi zvinofanirwa kuwonekwa sepamoyo wekuita.
Tinofanira kubvunza mubvunzo: Ndezvipi zvinangwa zvatinoda kunzanga? Tingabatsira sei nzanga kuzadzikisa zvinangwa izvozvo? Kuti apindure mibvunzo iyi zvine mutsindo, masayendisiti anofanirwa kuramba kubva kune avo vane masimba vanotsvaga kumisa tsvakiridzo yezvekuita uye vanozviita nekuzivisa uye nekubatanidza vanhu kuti vabatsire chikonzero chavo.
Kuita kuti Kurume kweSainzi paZuva rePasi kuve kukuru uye kwezvematongerwo enyika sezvinobvira ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekubatsira kufambisira mberi hurongwa uhu, kusundidzira kumashure chirongwa chaTrump chebapiro rekurudyi uye kunyorera vanhu vazhinji kuti vatsigire sainzi mune zvakanaka veruzhinji.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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