Beyond Shopping
By Axel Ztangi
February 19, 2009
The Financial Times inoshuma kuti kuDavos kuvhima pfuma, sokunge zvakadaro, kwakanga kuri kwourongwa uhwu husinganzwisisike hwokumisa kuparara kwezvemari munyika yose. Kana zvivheneko zveguta guru renyika zvakauya zvisina rombo uye zvisina ruzivo zviri nani kupfuura pavakasvika, ndinofungidzira kuti hafu-wits uye vakafa-kurohwa muWashington (zvakanyanya kuenzanisirwa naObama's Council of Economic Advisers) hazvizobudirirawo.
Hazvishamisi kuti vashoma vezvematongerwo enyika vakapinda Davos gore rino kupfuura makore apfuura apo Davos yaive chiitiko chekupemberera. Hapana chinoshatisa kutaura kwakarukwa zvakanaka kwevezvematongerwo enyika nekukurumidza kupfuura kupfapfaidza kweasidhi kwechokwadi. Vezvematongerwo enyika vashoma vakapinda vakangoita zvisizvo nekutaura kwavo mashoko ekupomera.
Kuderera, Kuora mwoyo kana Kuvhunduka? Vezvematongerwo enyika vanongotaura nezvekuderera kwehupfumi sezvinoita vatori venhau vazhinji. Vanyori vezvinyorwa vane mukurumbira vakakombama vanotsanangura dambudziko nesarudzo yakafararira yematemu, asi vese vakateyiwa mumisungo yekusaziva nhoroondo yemaonero. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti nhamburiko dzavo dzekupa ongororo ine ruzivo hazvizobudiriri. Kugadzirisa nekukasira kwerudzi rweNeo-Keynesian rwavanoti, zvinogona kudzikamisa kubuda ropa kweguta guru renyika, asi nzira dzakasimba dzinodiwa kuchengetedza murwere.
Boka rinoona zviri kure rematongerwo enyika rakabata mamiriro ezvinhu edambudziko rakawanda uye vakaona kuti mamiriro emari angori chikamu chekunze kune dambudziko rakadzama rekushaikwa kwezviwanikwa izvo zvinozoburitsa mukati memukati memiganhu yezvakatipoteredza. Uye nepo maonero aya achibatanidza madots evamwe ane zvingango konzeresa shanduko, kazhinji kacho nzvimbo isina kunaka inodzoka: zvese zvatinofanira kuita kugadzirisa hupfumi. Kupa mari kune mamwe masisitimu emagetsi, kukurudzira kudzokorodza uye kuchengetedza, kugadzira rudzi rutsva rwevazvinabhizinesi vane hana yemagariro kana mamwe maitiro equixotic anouya mupfungwa.
Ini ndinofunga, kuti tiwedzere dimikira rehupfumi huri kurwara, isu tinofanira kusarudza euthanasia uye kuisa chisikwa chakaderera kubva mukutambudzika kwayo. Mifananidzo yaMorgan, muimbi mune yechitendero eponymous firimu, achitamba neguva raMarx muHighgate inouya mupfungwa. Anotamba achiremekedza kuona kwemudhara. Uye mukurota kwangu kwemasikati, akabatanidzwa ipapo naKropotkin, muchinda weRussia akadzingwa uyo, makore 100 apfuura, akafungidzira nharaunda inotungamirwa inotungamirwa iyo nhasi yakafanana nenharaunda yakagadzikana iyo vazhinji vanoshuvira nezvayo. Uye kujoinha iyo duo isingafungidzirwe (uye mamwe madhiri ekutamba akafananidzira nzanga ine hunyoro kupfuura isu takagadzikwa chigaro) ndiye achangobva kuenda Andre Gorz (zvakawanda paari munguva pfupi) vese vachifarira tarisiro yekuparara kwecapitalism, zvinoshamisa asi zvinofungidzira, noruoko rwayo pacharwo rusingaoneki.
Nehurombo - uye handisi ndega ndiri kufungidzira izvi - chitunha chikuru chemari yemari ichachengetwa iri mhenyu, kana zvisirizvo, nemubhadharo wedu. Hapana chikwereti, dzimba dzaenda, mabasa futi. Vanotarisira kuti tikosore sei mupiro? Mhinduro yacho muchidimbu ndeyokuti nekuderedza zvatinotarisira, nekuwedzera mitero inodzokororwa uye dzimwe nguva kupa rubatsiro rwebasa (nokuda kwe "hard-core" isingashandiswi), vanogona kuderedza zvakakwana mari yekuchengetedza isu, vanhu vanoshanda. Chirongwa chavo chemutambo ndechekusimbisa post kukurumidza hwaro husina kusimba hwekusaenzana kwemari yakawanda.
Tichatora tarisiro dzekusava nekariro dzakarara pasi here? Mubvunzo wakanaka. Zvinoratidzika sezvingangoita kuti kupandukira kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho kungadzvinyirirwa zvakanyanya. Makumi anoverengeka ekupedzisira emaitiro anoteerera, zvisinei, anowanzo kukakavara kupandukira. Vezvenhau vakabudirira kuganhura kusawirirana kusvika kumiganhu. Uye mukati memakore eBush, Kadhi rekutya rehugandanga rairidzwa pamukana wese. Mumazuva ekutanga ehutongi hwaObama tiri kuona imwe nzira yakaomesesa yekutonga. Hazvingashamisi kuona shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ichishandiswa sekushomeka kutsva, Kadhi idzva reKutya. Zvine musoro here kutarisira kuti VaObama vakumbire kuti zviwanikwa zvishoma zvinoreva kuwedzera kuomesa bhandi uye nekumwe kuvharirwa kwema commons? Ramangwana rakashata rakaburitswa nevanyengeri vakangwara vari kutonga zvinogona kunge zviri zviroto zvavo, asi dambudziko redu, renyika yakabatana kugamuchira hupfumi hwayo.
Iyi dystopian ongororo inogona kunge iri izwi rekupedzisira kune vamwe. Uye kunyange zvazvo zvisingagoni kurambwa sezvingangoitika mune ramangwana, nokuda kwekuongorora kwakadzikama kwemamiriro ezvinhu emagariro evanhu, yekutenda zviri nani kwezvose zviri zviviri zvinotonga uye zvinopandukira, tinofanira kuongorora masimba ose ari kurwisana ari kushanda munharaunda. Ndinotenda kuti zvinorambwa nevazhinji vatauri sezvisina basa kushoropodza kunoshamisa - izvo zvinorehwa nevezvenhau se "vanonyanya kukosha kurudyi kana kuruboshwe." Izvo zvinopikisa izvo zvinopa zvinopfuura kuverenga kwesekete - asi imwe nzira - zvakavanzwa kubva pakuona midhiya, uye kunyengedza midhiya, nekushanda mumarara ehupenyu hwakajairika.
Munyika yose kune kuwanda kwezvirongwa zvepasi, zvichiratidza chikonzero chekuratidzira chisina kuonekwa mumakumi emakore. Guta rega rega, semuenzaniso, rine mibatanidzwa yemudhorobha/mumaruwa inovimbisa kuwanikwa kwechikafu chitsva kumamiriyoni pamisika yevarimi, makirabhu ekutenga nemaco-ops. Uye ndeipi manisiparati isina tsika yekuchovha mabhasikoro? Uye mangani magaraji nenzvimbo dzechinyakare dzeindasitiri dzakagarwa nevagadziri vesimba remamwe masimba, vanovhura-sosi mapurogiramu uye maartisans vanoshandisa zvakare marara munharaunda kugadzira chimwe chinhu chitsva uye chinobatsira?
Pamusoro pazvo, sezvo nyika inosiya mabasa ezvekugarisana kwevanhu uye sezvo misika, isina mitemo, ichiuya kuzotonga zvinhu zvakawanda zvehupenyu hwevanhu, nharaunda yega yega inopupurira kukura kwevasiri purofiti uye mapoka ekuzvipira ari kuita zvirongwa zvitsva. Uku ndiko kutora-charge, ita-iwe-iwe pachako (DIY) hupfumi. Chimwe chezvakanyanya kugadzira zvehupfumi hutsva uhu kuwedzera kunoshamisa kweruzhinji midhiya uye tekinoroji yedhijitari. Yakasanganiswa ivo vanogadzira rhizomic mibatanidzwa mumativi ese eimwe nzira, hupfumi hwepasi hunowedzera maitiro enzvimbo uye kuita kuti kudzokororwa kugoneke.
Simba reaya ese akasiyana mabhizimusi emuno, akaparadzaniswa nenzvimbo uye asina kubatanidzwa kusvika pamwero mukuru, akaonekwa pakutanga chaipo pedanidziro yaObama. Ngativei pachena nezveichi chokwadi: chiitiko chaObama chakakwevera pane mauto akamirira spark. Akanga asiri murongi wesangano iri - asi chokwadi anofanirwa kurumbidzwa nekurikura; mumazuva okutanga iwayo akaoma, ndiye aibatsirwa nazvo.
Aya mapurojekiti echinyakare uye anoita seadiki kubva pamusoro pese, pasi-kumusoro hupfumi, anotsigirwa, kubva pane zvakaitika kwandiri, nevaratidziri vane ruzivo rwekuziva nezve hydra-inotungamira mamiriro edambudziko riri pamberi pedu. Mamiriyoni chaiwo evanhu vari kushanda muhupfumi uhwu huri kusimukira, kana kukanganiswa nahwo, vanoratidza nezvisungo zvavo kuti vanoda kukunda nzanga yevatengi inotarisirwa nenhau. Nzanga isina tsika uye maonero anosimbisa upenyu.
Kutaurwa kwegore rapfuura kumakore makumi mana e'40ers kwakabatsira mutsauko uripo pakati pechizvarwa ichocho nechazvino. Uko chizvarwa chekare chaipandukira chairatidza kuva nechikonzero chidiki muchokwadi uye chainzwa kugadzikana kufamba muUtopia, chazvino chinogona kunge chakanyanya kudzika midzi muminutiae yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kunyanya kunetseka nezve pragmatic uye kunyanya kufungira njere. Asi izvi zvinonzwika sokutsoropodza here? Pane here chikonzero chekutsoropodza mabasa ekuzvibatsira anoshanda munharaunda yedu umo matunhu anotonga akawedzera kusvika pakakwirira pehubris?
Hunhu hwepragmatism uye kushingirira, chishuwo chekuwana hunyanzvi uye kuratidza mhedzisiro inoyerwa, inoda kucherechedzwa. Asi kushaya maonero emamiriro ezvinhu, enhoroondo, mapurojekiti ehupfumi hweDIY anogona kuramba ari ega; uye kukosha kwavo mumagariro kukadzikiswa nevashandi vayo vanoisa pamberi pekukurumidza kuitika.
Sezvo basa muhupfumi hune simba rinosunungura zvose zvinoreva, sezvo basa risiri chinhu kunze kwekuuraya nguva, kukosha kwekuzvipira uye kuzvipira kunokura mukukosha. Uye zvakadaro, iyo nguva yakawanda iri kure newachi inotsvakwa kuti uzvizive ndiyo inonyanya kusimbisa kugamuchirwa neimwe yenguva shoma yekuchinja. Sokunge โkunze,โ nyika yakajairika, yakasagadzikana haina kungonyanya kukura, asiwo yakashata zvikuru, kuti ichinje. Zvokudya zvemuviri zvinosungirwa kune chirongwa chekuenderana nepo chikafu chemweya chichitsvaga kuratidzwa mune imwe nzvimbo yezvingangove zvakasiyana. Havabatanidzi.
Asi nei kuparadzana uku kuchishivirirwa? Sei tichibvuma kuti hupfumi hunoyerera kune izvo zviitwa izvo zvisingaite kwenguva refu kushandiswa munharaunda uye zvinonyadzisa vazhinji vedu semararamiro? Gorz, mutori wenhau weFrance akangwara akafa gore rapfuura, akabvunza iyi mibvunzo kuchizvarwa che'68. Uye kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera nenzira yakanyatsoongorora. Akanga asiri iye wokutanga kudana basa uranda kana mushandi akanga asina simba rokutungamirira basa iroro, asi akanga ari mumwe wokutanga kuzivisa kuti kunyange kana vashandi vaidzora basa ravo, zvakanga zvisina kukwana. Basa racho pacharo raida hwaro hwetsika. Chaifanira kuita kuti nzanga yose ibudirire.
Paiva nebasa rakanaka uye kune basa rakaipa. Kudzora kwevashandi kugadzirwa kwezvombo kwaizova nemusoro chete kana vashandi vakashandisazve kugadzira mapadza emazuva ano.
Apa ndipo patiri nhasi. Izvo zvinhu zvinoda kuitwa zvinoitirwa kumativi enharaunda yedu. Zvakawanda zvaro zvine tenuous kunyangwe zviri pachena kuti zvinobatsira. Tinosimudza sei hupfumi hwepasi? Uye muhupfumi hwakasimba, tinokwirisa sei huwandu hwesarudzo dzetsika mubasa ratinoita? Ndiwo mubvunzo.
Axel Ztangi
(Mushandi Co-op nhengo yakabatana nayo,
asi kwete kumiririra nemashoko aya anotevera)
Network yeBay Area Worker Cooperatives
www.nobawc.org
Ingori Humwe Hurukuro Hwakagadzikana- "JASecon"
http://sfbayalteconomics.wik.is/
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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