[Izvi zvinotevera zvakatorwa uye zvakagadziriswa kubva kubvunzurudzo yaDavid Barsamian ichangoburwa naNorman Solomon pa AlternativeRadio.org.]
David Barsamian: Mutongi weAmerica Robert Jackson ndiye aive muchuchisi mukuru pamatare eNuremberg. Akaita chirevo chekuvhura kuTribunal muna Mbudzi 21, 1945, nekuti paive nekunetsekana panguva iyoyo kuti ingave muenzaniso wekutonga kweakakunda. Akataura izvi: “Kana zvimwe zviito zvekutyora zvibvumirano zviri mhosva, imhosva ingave yaitwa neUnited States kana kuti Germany inozviita, uye hatina kugadzirira kupa mutemo wekupara mhosva kune vamwe watingadai tisina. vachida kutidenha pamusoro pedu. "
Norman Solomon: Zvinosvika padanho rekuti, kunze kwekunge tiine mwero mumwechete wekodzero dzevanhu, mwero mumwechete wemaitiro epasirese nehondo, tinopedzisira tave nechiitiko cheOrwellian apo vatungamiriri vehurumende vanogara vaine hunyanzvi asi vachiri nehungwaru, hutsika, uye. vakaora pakunamata. Tiri pano, nguva refu mushure mekutongwa kweNuremberg, uye mhosva huru yehasha, kutangwa kwehondo, haina kungopararira chete asi yakacheneswa, kunyange kukudzwa. Takava nechiitiko ichi mumakore gumi pashure peimwe umo United States yakarwisa imwe nyika ichityora mutemo wenyika dzakawanda, ichiita (maererano neNuremberg Tribunal) “mhosva huru yepasi rose,” asi hazvina kungovapo chete kushayikwa. yokuzvidemba, asi zviito zvakadaro zvakapfuurira kukudzwa.
Mashoko ekutanga chaiwo mubhuku rangu Hondo Yakaitwa Isingaoneki inobva kuna Aldous Huxley uyo, makore 10 kutongwa kweNuremberg kusati kwaitwa, akati, “Chinangwa cheanoparadzira mashoko ndechokuita kuti boka rimwe revanhu rikanganwe kuti mamwe mapoka evanhu vanhu.” Tiri muno muna 2023 uye zvichiri kunetsa kuongorora, kuvheneka, uye kusunda kumashure tichipesana nechinangwa chakakosha chevanoshambadzira pasirese uye kunyanya munyika yedu umo, mune inooneka demokrasi, isu tinofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi hwekuchinja mutemo.
Parizvino, tiri mumamiriro ezvinhu apo, zvinosuruvarisa, kune akawanda ezvematongerwo enyika, kusanganisira mamwe ekuruboshwe, vanhu vanofunga kuti unofanirwa kusarudza pakati pekuzvibatanidza neUS yekune dzimwe nyika mutemo nezviito zvayo zvechisimba kana mutemo weRussia wekunze. nezviito zvayo zvehasha. Ini pachangu, ndinofunga kuti zvese zvakakodzera uye zvakafanira kupa mhosva kuhondo kuUkraine, uye hunyengeri hweWashington hahuiti chero nzira ipi zvayo kurega Russia ichibva pachiredzo. Nechiratidzo chimwe chete, hutsinye hweRussia hahufanire kurega United States ichisiya chirauro nekuda kwekuuraya kukuru kwatakaita muzana rino remakore. Ndinoreva kuti, kana mukawedzera nhamba dzacho, mumakore anoda kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu apfuura, nyika ine basa guru rekuuraya vanhu vakawanda munyika dzakawanda kuburikidza nehondo dzehutsinye… hongu, United States of America.
Barsamian: Ndeipi ongororo yako yekuvhara kwehondo kwePBS neNPR? Iwe unoziva, nhepfenyuro, ine hunhu apo vanhu vanotaura nemitsara yakazara pasina kupopota. Asi vapa manzwi anopokana here kupikisa fungidziro yehegemonic yauchangobva kutaura kana zvasvika kumitemo yehondo yeAmerica?
Soromoni: Mutauro uripo wakasiyana, hongu, asi rangarira iwo bedzi chimiro chakareba chechimiro chimwe chetecho cheparadziro. Saka, iwe unogona kuteerera kune chikamu chemaminitsi gumi pa Zvose Zvinofungidzirwa kana hurukuro yepaneru pamusoro pe PBS NewsHour uye manyorerwo uye hunhu, kureba kwemitsara, sezvaunotaura, inogona kunge ichizorodza nzeve, asi zvakare inojairira maitiro akafanana, zvakafanana mamiriro-quo fungidziro nezveAmerican mutemo wekunze. Handichataura, asi mune zvakaitika kwandiri, hazviwanzo kunetsa kuti mutori wenhau weNPR kana wePBS abvunze zvine hungwaru pamusoro pezvisungo zvehurumende yeUS kurwisa dzimwe nyika, kunyangwe zvichitaurwa zvine hungwaru.
Iwe une NPR nePBS isingade kupikisa, asi vese vanoda kwazvo kuparadzira uye kupfuudzira fungidziro yekuti, hongu, United States inogona kukanganisa, inogona kutozvipira. blunders -izwi rakakurumbira rekupinda kweUS muIraq izvo zvakakonzera mazana ezviuru zvekufa. Zvakadaro, iro riri pazasi meseji rinogara riri rekuti hongu, tinogona (uye tinofanira) dzimwe nguva kupokana pamusoro pekuti riini, kana, uye sei kurwisa dzimwe nyika nemoto wePentagon, asi sarudzo idzi dzinoda kuitwa uye US ine kodzero yekuita kudaro kana iriyo mutongo wakanakisa wevanhu vakachenjera vari kumusoro kwegwara muWashington.
Barsamian: Jeff Cohen, muvambi weKururama uye Kururama muKutaura (FAIR), akataura nezve runyorwa rwevaenzi pane akadaro PBS uye NPR zvirongwa. Kune Rolodex yegoridhe yezvaanodaidza kuti "vaimbova" - vaimbova undersecretaries vehurumende, vaimbova lieutenant colonels, mauto akasiya basa, et al. Asi zvakadini nemanzwi anopikisa seMedea Benjamin, iwe pachako, kana Noam Chomsky?
Soromoni: Kwemakore, FAIR yakaita zvidzidzo zvakati wandei kubva kune kutengeserana network kusvika kuNPR uye PBS NewsHour, uye akawana kuti, kunyanya kana nyaya dzehondo nerunyararo dziri patafura, hazviwanzo kuwanda kuve nevanopikisa mauto eUS pamhepo, dzimwe nguva pasi pezana rimwe chete revakabvunzurudzwa. Uye izvi zvinoonekwa se "chinangwa chekutora nhau" uye zvinofambidzana nechirevo chakadzama, kazhinji chisingataurwe asi chiri kutamba munyika chaiyo: kuti kana mutori wenhau weAmerica achifarira hondo dzedu, ihwo chinangwa, asi kana zvichipikiswa, iko kusarura. .
Dzimwe nguva ndinobvunzwa: Sei vatori venhau vachigara vari mumutsetse? Ivo havasi, sedzimwe nyika, vachaendeswa kujeri. Saka, chii chinoita kuti vanzwe vachimanikidzwa kuenderana sezvavari? Uye yakawanda tsananguro ine chekuita nezvikwereti zvemba uye nezvimwe - hey, ndinoda kubhadhara dzidzo yekoroji yevana vangu, ndinoda kuchengetedzwa kwemari, zvichingodaro.
Mupfungwa dzangu, zvinokatyamadza kuti isu tine mienzaniso yakawanda yevatapi venhau vakashinga vezvenhau dzekuAmerica vanopinda munzvimbo dzehondo, dzimwe nguva vachikuvadzwa, dzimwe nguva vachirasikirwa neupenyu, uyezve avo vanodzokera kumba, kudzokera kudzimba dzenhau. ,kubuda kutya bamukuru. Ivo havadi kurasikirwa nemakoramu avo akabatanidzwa, yavo yepamberi peji yekuwana. Iyi ine ngozi ine simba regiments iyo journalism yatinowana.
Uye ramba uchifunga kuti, tichigara muUnited States, isu tine, kunze kwevashoma kwazvo, hatina ruzivo rwekutanga rwehondo dzakapinda munyika ino uye dzichiri kuramba dzichibatanidzwa. zvine njodzi mudemokrasi umo chirevo ndechekuti isu tinoda mvumo yekuziva yevanotonga, nepo isu tiri kuwana kubvumirana kwavo kwemanyepo. Funga kuti nzira yehondo yatinayo.
Barsamian: Pakudya kweWhite House Correspondents 'Mutungamiri Biden akati, "Kutora nhau haisi mhosva. Mutori wenhau wakasununguka imbiru, zvichida mbiru yenzanga yakasununguka.” Mazwi makuru kubva kuWhite House.
Soromoni: Mutungamiri Biden, sevakamutangira muOval Office, vanofarira kutaura nezve kukudzwa kwevepanhau vemahara uye vachiti kutapa nhau chinhu chinoshamisa chenharaunda yedu - kudzamara vatori venhau vaita chimwe chinhu chaasingade iye nehurumende yaanomhanya. Muenzaniso mukuru ndiJulian Assange. Iye mutori wenhau, muparidzi, mupepeti, uye akagara mutirongo muGreat Britain achipisa-waya yekufambisa kuenda kuUnited States. Ndakagara mukati memuyedzo wemavhiki maviri mudunhu remubatanidzwa kuchamhembe kweVirginia weCIA anoridza muridzo Jeffrey Sterling uye ndinogona kukuudza kuti raive dare rekangaroo. Ndiro dare Julian Assange ane tikiti rekuti kana kuburitswa kwake kuchienderera mberi.
Uye inonzi mhosva yake ndeyei? Zviri journalism. WikiLeaks yakazvipira kutora nhau. Yakafumura mhosva dzehondo dzeUnited States muIraq kuburikidza nemagwaro ayakaburitsa, kuburikidza nevhidhiyo ine mukurumbira wakashata yakazodaidzwa kunzi "Collateral Murder," ichiratidza kuurayiwa kwechimbichimbi kwevanhu vakati wandei pasi muIraq nemauto eUS. chikopokopo. Yakapa mubatanidzwa wehumbowo hwekuti United States yaive yakarongeka mukupara mhosva dzehondo pasi perubriki yeinonzi War on Terror. Saka, sezvazviri, chimiro chehurumende yeU.S. chinoramba chiripo: murume uyu Assange ane ngozi; anofanira kusungwa.
Mafungiro evezvenhau vemakambani, Congress, uye White House yagara iri uye inoenderera mberi kuve iyo mamiriro eUS munyika anogona kuve: kuita sezvatinotaura, kwete sezvatinoita. Saka, iyo USA yakanaka pakunongedza zvigunwe kuRussia kana nyika dzinopinda nechisimba kune imwe nyika, asi kana US ichizviita, chimwe chinhu zvachose. Kuchinja kwakadaro, kunyange zvazvo kuchikuvadza, kunyanya pakati penyika dzine zvombo zvenyukireya, mafungiro evanhu vane simba vave vaine nguva refu.
Makore anopfuura zana apfuura, William Dean Howells akanyora nyaya pfupi inonzi "Editha." Yeuka kuti izvi zvakaitika pashure pokunge United States yauraya mazana ezviuru zvevanhu muPhilippines. Mariri, mumwe munhu anoti, "Chinhu chii kuva nenyika iyo haigoni zvakaipa, asi kana zvirizvo, ndizvozvo!”
Zvino, tave muna 2023 uye hazvina kudaro zvakasiyana, kunze kwekunge zvasvika pakukura kwekutaurirana, kwenhau inopararira zvakanyanya. Kana iwe ukaverenga op-ed mapeji uye edhita zvikamu zve New York Times, Washington Post, uye zvimwe zvinoburitswa zvemahara media, iwe unowana yakadaro funga kaviri zvakanaka munzvimbo. Vladimir Putin, hongu, itsotsi rehondo. Zvakanaka, ndinofunga iye is tsotsi rehondo. Iniwo ndinofunga kuti George W. Bush itsotsi rehondo, uye tinogona kuenda kune mimwe mienzaniso yakawanda yevakuru vakuru vehurumende yeU.S. uko tsananguro iyi inoshanda kwete zvishoma pane kuna Vladimir Putin.
Unogona here kuwana bepanhau rimwe chete guru rave richida kupepeta kuti George W. Bush - araira kurwisa kweIraq, kudhura mazana ezviuru zvehupenyu hwakavakirwa pane seti yenhema - aive tsotsi rehondo? Hazvina kungoitika. Muchokwadi, chimwe chezvinhu zvandainyanya kufadzwa (nenzira yakashata) kuongorora mubhuku rangu kwaive kudzoreredzwa kwemutsotsi wehondo, kupa paradigm kune vatungamiri vakamutevera uye kuvaregedza kubva pachirauro, zvakare.
Ini ndinotora, semuenzaniso, Mutungamiri Obama vachitaura nemauto muAfghanistan. Unogona kutora mutsara mumwe pashure pomumwe kubva muhurukuro dzake ipapo wowana dzinenge dzakafanana dzakashandiswa naPresident Lyndon Johnson mukutaura kumauto eAmerica muVietnam muna 1966. Vose vakataura pamusoro pokuti masoja eU.S. vaiyedza kubatsira vanhu vanotambura veVietnam kana Afghanistan. Dingindira rakashata iro rinoita serinoperekedza chero hondo yeUS: kuti, nevavariro dzakanakisa, iyo US iri kutsvaga kubatsira avo vari kune dzimwe nyika. Inzira yekuita kuti vakakuvara kune imwe mugumo weUS firepower - kushandisa izwi kubva mubhuku rangu rezita - risingaoneki.
Ichi ndicho chinhu chandakakwanisa kuita kufunga nekunyora mubhuku rangu. Pane matinji maviri ekusuwa munhau dzedu nezvematongerwo enyika kubva kuCongress kuenda kuWhite House - yedu neyavo. Kuchema kwedu (kusanganisira iyo yekuremekedza semi-America semaUkraine) yakatarisana neavo vanourayiwa nehurumende dzevavengi veUnited States. Ndiyo chikamu chaicho chekusuwa uye saka kana vezvenhau vachivhara, sezvazvinofanira, kutambura kwevanhu muUkraine nekuda kwehondo yeRussia yehutsinye, kutambura kwavo kunoitwa sekwechokwadi sezvazvinogona. Uye zvakadaro, kana iri iyo US kuuraya vanhu muAfghanistan, Iraq, uye kumwewo, ndicho chimwe chinhu zvachose. Kana zvasvika kune vanhu kune rumwe rutivi rwezvombo zveUS, vagari vemo, mazana ezviuru zvavo vakaurayiwa zvakananga, uye mamirioni asina kunanga akaurayiwa nehondo yeUS, nhanho yavo yekusuwa haisi, pamwe neasingawanzo, pamepu yenhau. Vanhu ivavo havana basa nazvo.
Kuno kuUSA, vanhu vanoona izvi zvisingafadzi kunzwa kana kufunga nezvazvo. Asi hunhu hwedu pachedu hwakasvibiswa, kukuvadzwa, kuderedzwa nekunyarara kwakadaro, uko, munzira dzakawanda, kunomiririra propaganda ine simba kupfuura ese. Tinofanira kuputsa kunyarara ikoko.
Barsamian: Iyo midhiya mamiriro ari kuchinja zvakanyanya kubva kumapodcasts kuenda kumablog kune ese marudzi emidhiya mitsva. Izvozvo zvichabatsira here?
Soromoni: Tekinoroji haizombotiponesa. Robert McChesney, nyanzvi yenhoroondo yenhau, akanyora zvine mutsindo pamusoro peizvi. Kufambira mberi kwese mune tekinoroji kwaiperekedzwa nezvivimbiso zvekunze zvekuti tichave nedemokrasi. Iko kudzokera kune yekutanga teregirafu, ipapo redhiyo, yozotepfenyura TV, ipapo tambo terevhizheni. Padanho rega rega, vanhu vakaudzwa, hee, tekinoroji iyi inoreva kuti isu hatisisina hukama hwepamusoro-pasi kune simba, isu tinogona kuita kuti shanduko dziitike isu. Uye zvakadaro sezvataona neaya matekinoroji, uye izvi zvinosanganisira Internet, tekinoroji haina kumbosunungura chero munhu.
Barsamian: Chii chinofanira kuitwa? Matanho api anoshanda aungakurudzira?
Solomon: Ndinotenda mukuronga sechinhu chakakosha mukushandura mamiriro ezvinhu akashata akadai, kusanganisira simba rekambani, hondo yekirasi inorwiwa kubva kumusoro zvichidzika, uye mauto enzanga yedu uye mutemo wedu wekunze. Izvi zvinoreva shanduko mupfungwa kuona kuti hatisi kushandisa nhoroondo kubva pasherufu seWonder Bread. Sezvo chirevo chichienda, chero chingave chako chekutanga kunyanya kunetseka, chechipiri chako chinofanira kunge chiri nhepfenyuro. Tinofanira kuvaka masangano enhau uye kutsigira ari kuita basa rinofambira mberi, kuvatsigira nemari, kuvatsigira maererano nekuparadzira shoko uyewo kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti - uye kuita sei - kuronga vanhu vatinoziva nevaya. hatidaro. Uye ini ndinofunga izvo zvinopesana nemameseji enhau anogara achititumira, nekuti chaizvo, iwo mameseji makuru kubva, toti, terevhizheni inosanganisira kutikurudzira kuti tiende kunotenga zvinhu (uye pamwe kuvhota kamwe munguva). Zvakanaka, tinoda kuenda kunotenga zvinhu uye isu tinofanira kuvhota, asi kuchinja kwechokwadi kuchauya apo tinowana nzira dzekushanda pamwe chete kugadzira simba rezvematongerwo enyika mukati nekunze kwenzvimbo yesarudzo.
Ukatarisa huwori hweFederal Communications Commission, semuenzaniso, hazvisi kuzochinja kusvika vanhu vakasiyana vapinda muhofisi - uye hatisi kuzowana vanhu vakasiyana muhofisi kusvika tavasarudza kuti vakunde simba reMari Yakakura. . Uye kune zvakare nhoroondo chaiyo yatinofanira kuyeuchidzwa nezvayo: kuti zvese zvatinofanira kudada nazvo munyika ino zvakakonzerwa nevanhu vakaronga kubva pasi zvichikwira uye vachigadzira mafambiro emagariro. Ndiko zvechokwadi kune ramangwana redu rakanaka.
Barsamian: Unopedzisa Hondo Yakaitwa Isingaoneki nemashoko kubva kuna James Baldwin.
Soromoni: “Hazvisi zvose zvinotarisana nazvo zvinogona kuchinjwa; asi hapana chinogona kuchinjwa kutozosvikira chatarisana.”
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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