Nyaya iyi yakakonzerwa nechiratidzo chepicket chandakaona pakuratidzira kwemhirizhonga yemapurisa nguva pfupi yadarika yakatsigirwa nemhuri mbiri dzeSan Francisco, imwe yekuLatino neimwe yeMutema, vane vanakomana vakapfurwa vakafa muzviitiko zvakasiyana zvichitevera kuwanda kwepfuti dzemapurisa.
Pakati pemhomho yevarwi 150 vakamira mumvura yainaya pamberi pekamba yemapurisa yeBayview yakavharirwa nemapurisa, paiva nevechidiki vana vakabata chikwangwani chaingoti, โThe Last 3 Percent.โ
Ndaifunga kuti mashoko avo aiva nesimba uye aibaya mwoyo.
Mashoko aya haarevi zvakananga kumhirizhonga yemapurisa asi kudambudziko rakakura rekubuda kwevanhu vakawanda vemuAfrica kubva kuSan Francisco. Zviuru zvakasiya guta razvo rokuberekwa kwete nemhaka yezvavanoda asi nemhaka yezvasarudzo zvezvematongerwe enyika nemitemo yezvemari, zvakawanda zvakatanga kufamba makumi anoverengeka emakore apfuura.
Zvamazvirokwazvo, kuva imwe yenzvimbo dzinodhura zvikurusa dzokugara munyika yose kunopa denho kumabhajeti evagari vose veboka rinoshanda.
Asi, mhuri dzevatema dzinorohwa nenzira dzakakasharara uye dzerusaruraganda.
Nemuchidimbu, semunyori ane mukurumbira weSan Francisco munyori wenhoroondo uye murwiri wenhau munharaunda Calvin Welch akanditsanangurira, kukura kweguta rekuvaka kwakagadzirirwa kuwedzera kukosha kwezvivakwa uye kuwedzera purofiti yevagadziri vega pane kuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu nenharaunda. kunyanya avo vanogara padivi peguta iri guru rakabudirira.
Izvo hazvifanirwe kuve seizvi, unogona kuvandudza nekusimudzira zvivakwa pasina kutamisa vanhu asi hapazove nemubairo wakafanana wezvido zvezvivakwa uye vapfumi, vemakambani uye vekubhengi vanodyidzana navo.
SF Mayor Lee ndiye anonyanya kuita zvemitemo yedzimba uye, sekureva kwaWelch, ane mutoro wematambudziko mazhinji nekuti guta, muchidimbu, "rinodyara muzvivakwa pane muvanhu."
Karl Kramer anobvumirana nazvo. Kramer anobva kuSF Living Wage Coalition iyo yakaita basa guru mumubatanidzwa/community coalition nekubudirira kusimudzira guta remuhoro wemadhora gumi nemashanu paawa unobatsira vagari vangangosvika zviuru zana, kunyanya munaChikunguru 15 apo muhoro wekuwedzera wakatemerwa uchasvika top bracket.
Asi, Kramer anoti, โmeya akarega zvikuru kupa rovedzo ipi neipi chaiyoiyo yebasa muzvirongwa zvokubetsera kubasa uye hapana nzira yokupinza nayo vanhu mubasa renguva refu. Zvizhinji zvirongwa zvekupedzisira zvakafa. โ
Hongu, izvi zvinoreva kuti mhuri dzevatema dzisina basa uye vanaamai vasina varume, kunyanya, vanobva muguta nekuti havagone kuwana basa kana kudzidziswa basa. "Tiri kurasikirwa nechizvarwa chose," akadaro Kramer, "uye zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kusiyana kweguta."
Kubviswa kweBlack Kwakaitika Kare
Kuparadzwa kweimwe yenharaunda dzevatema munyika kwakatanga mukutanga kwema1960 sezvo nharaunda yeFillmore, iyo "Harlem of the West," yakaputswa sechikamu chekuvandudzwa kwemaguta panguva iyoyo.
Makore akati kuti gare gare apo "itsva" Fillmore yakazovhurwa nedzimba dzayo dzakagadziridzwa uye zvivakwa zvekutengesa, mazana akati wandei emabhizinesi evatema echinyakare uye vazhinji vevakambotamiswa vagari vanga vatoenderera mberi nehupenyu hwavo, zvirinani kana kuipa, uye havana kuzombodzokera nharaunda.
Chero zvazvingava, mushure mekubviswa kwavo, pakanga pasina rubatsiro rwehupfumi rwakakwana rwevaimbova vagari uye mabhizimisi maduku kuti adzoke. Uye, pasina hupfumi hwebhizinesi reVatema hwaimbosanganisira 300-400 makirabhu ejazi, zvitoro zvemabhuku, zvitoro zvembatya uye marudzi ese ezvimwe zvitoro zvezvitoro, vechidiki veBlack vasina hunyanzvi vakawana zvakaoma kuwana basa mu "itsva" Fillmore.
โMuFillmore yekare,โ Bhishopi Mukuru Franzo King, weSt. John Coltrane African Orthodox Church, akadaro nokudada kukuru mukati mekurukurirano yedu, โwaisafanira kuenda kudhorobha, waigona kuwana basa munharaunda yedu ndokuwana muhoro nemari. cheki yakasainwa nemuridzi webhizimisi Mutema.โ
Hapachina.
"Kuvandudza patsva kwakaparadza vatema vepakati muguta," munyori wenhoroondo Welch akashora, achimiririra muenzaniso unosiririsa wekuwedzera pfuma yenharaunda uku ichideredza mararamiro uye chimiro chevagari vepakutanga.
Ichokwadi, kunyangwe vamwe vekuAmerica vekuAmerica vachiri kugara munzvimbo iyi, hapana zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa zvetsika zvinoyeuchidza zvekare zvekare apo Fillmore yakatambira munhu wese ane mukurumbira weBlack, wezvematongerwo enyika uye muvaraidzi munyika.
Uye, makore mashoma mushure mekunge Fillmore yavhurwazve bhizinesi, iyo 1980 census yakanyora huwandu hweguta reVatema pa86,000, kuderera kwayo kwekutanga kubvira WW11 isati yasvika.
Kudzikira uku kunoenderera mberi nekusagadzikana nehuwandu hwevatema muna 2006 hwakataurwa pa51,000, kudzikiswa kwe35% kubva pakuverenga kwevanhu muna 1990. Kuverengwa kwevanhu kwehurumende makore akati wandei apfuura kunoratidza kuti vagari vatema vanomiririra zvikamu zvitanhatu kubva muzana zvevagari vemuguta asi vamiriri vedzimba dzakachena uye vamwe vakuru vakuru veguta vanga vachishandisa huwandu hwakaderera hwe "mana kubva muzana uye kudzikira," asi vamwe vatsigiri vanotaura zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana. .
Zvisinei nenhamba chaiyo, hapana mubvunzo, zvese zvakatanga nekuvandudzwa kweFillmore zvichikanganisa hupfumi hwenharaunda yevatema uye, nekudaro, huwandu hweguta rese.
Chiitiko chinobvunza mubvunzo, ndiani anobatsirwa nekuvandudzwa?
Kuvaka, Kusundira Kunze
Mushure meFillmore implosion, nharaunda yeBayview inoshanda-kirasi yakava nzvimbo ine ruzhinji rwevaridzi vedzimba vatema, zvakanyanya nekuti yaive pedyo nenzvimbo dzezvikepe dzeHunters Point Naval uko vashandi vevatema vangangosvika zviuru gumi vakapinzwa basa kubva WW10,000, kuburikidza neHondo yeKorea uye mushure.
Vashandi ava vaiva nemari yekushandisa uye nzvimbo yacho yakabudirira kwemakore akati kuti. Asi, panguva imwechete iyo Fillmore yakanga ichibvarurwa muma1960, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa kuzunungusa nheyo dzehupfumi dzeBayview.
Chakanyanya kurwadza ndechekuti paiburutswa zvinhu zvakaiswa mumidziyo pazvikepe zveHunters Point zvakachinjirwa kuchiteshi cheOakland mhiri kweBay.
Zvino, zvakare, imwe nharaunda yeVatema inobudirira yakazununguswa, nezviuru zvemabasa anobhadhara zvakanaka epanzvimbo yengarava akazorasika muBayview. Zvose zvinokonzerwa nezvematongerwe enyika uye zvehupfumi zvisarudzo zvakaitwa kubva kumusoro.
Sezvo tekinoroji yekufambisa yakatanga kushanduka muma1950s, zviremera zvechiteshi cheSan Francisco zvakaramba kukwidziridza zviteshi zvavo kuti zvifambise kutakura zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu, vachisarudza kubata nzvimbo dzakatenderedza Bay docks seyekutanga, mari yezvivakwa zvemahombekombe, yakatanga kuitirwa kushanya uye, gare gare. , kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwedzimba.
Zvichienderana nechiono ichi, varongi vemaguta nevezvematongerwo enyika vakafungawo kuti San Francisco yaizova nzvimbo inotungamira yemari neyekutengeserana. Ehe, izvi zvakare zvakapesvedzera avo varongi ava vakaona sekugara muguta uye yaive yavo yakagadzwa Redevelopment Agency iyo yakaita dhizaini yavo.
Makore gare gare, sezvo guta parizvino rinosimudzira kumira kwaro senzvimbo yenyika tech, pane hurongwa hutsva hwekuvandudza maitirwo emakumi ezviuru evashandi vane hunyanzvi uye vanobhadharwa zvakanyanya.
Saka, zvakare, tichiyeuchidza Fillmore, vatungamiri vezvivakwa zvepachivande uye varongi veguta vakatangisa zvirongwa zvehupfumi nezvematongerwo enyika muBayview izvo zvinomhanyisa kuderera kwenharaunda yevatema yepasi, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kubuda kweropa kwehuwandu hwatinoona nhasi.
Kuvharirwa, Kurasika Kwedzimba dzeveruzhinji, & Mhirizhonga yeMapurisa
San Francisco idiki padiki, ingori makiromita manomwe chete, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yayo isina vanhu ive yakakosha mumusika wakanyanya kukwirisa zvivakwa.
Saka, nhangemutange yepasi iripo. Aya ndiwo maitiro asina kutendeseka evanofungidzira zvivakwa anouya pamufananidzo, vachigadzira chero uye nzira dzese dzekuwana chivakwa chitsva chekusimudzira chinogona kutengeswa kuti purofiti yenyeredzi.
Zvakatanga patsva nekudzingwa kwevaridzi vemba yevatema kwenguva refu muBayview.
Muchokwadi, iyo Bayview yakava pasi zero mumakore gumi apfuura kune yazvino yakashorwa uye kazhinji isiri pamutemo hurongwa hwekukweretesa huripo panguva iyoyo. Mutengesi akanyatso kugogodza pamagonhi achipa nzvimbo dzakatsvedza uye dzisina kutendeseka dzakavanza kutukwa kwakavanzika kwebharumu remba yebharumu munzira.
Ava vamiririri vane hutsinye vakakwanisa kukwezva varidzi vedzimba Vatema vainyanya kusakwanisa kuwana zvikwereti zvebhangi zvakajairika nekuda kwechikwereti chavo kana kusakwana kwechikwereti.
Zvekare, matambudziko ehupfumi akaunganidzwa akakonzeresa zvishoma kubva pakuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzekugadzira ngarava makumi emakore apfuura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, boka iri risina njodzi, vazhinji vavo vakuru, rakanangidzirwa zvikwereti zvechisimba kupfuura chero imwe nharaunda muSan Francisco.
Zvakakonzera kuputika kwekuvharirwa.
Zvino, nevhu richiwedzera kukosha uye kushomeka, zvishuvo zvepachivande zvakaisa pfungwa dzavo kuminda yeveruzhinji iyo, zvinoshamisa, inosanganisira kuputswa kwedzimba dzeveruzhinji muchikamu cheHunters Point cheBayview uye kushandurwa kwayo nevagadziri vega kuita "musanganiswa-kushandisa" budiriro. .
Iyi inyika inokosheswa chaizvo yeruzhinji, yakagara pamusoro pezvikomo inopa mamwe emhando yepamusoro uye mamiriro ekunze akanaka muguta.
Asi, sezvandakaudzwa nemumwe mukuru mukuru wedzimba dzemuguta, โhurumende haichaiti basa rekuvaka dzimba dzeveruzhinjiโ uye yakazvipa kuvagadziri vedzimba.
Mumutauro wakajeka, โmusanganiswa-kushandiswaโ zvinoreva kuvaka imwe chikamu chedzimba dzine mari zhinji dzemitengo yemusika panzvimbo yaimbochengeterwa dzimba dzeveruzhinji chete, dzinopihwa rubatsiro.
"Zvose izvi zvinorevei kwandiri," SF BayView mupepeti Mary Ratcliff akandiudza, "ndezvokuti Vatema vari kushungurudzwa kubva kuHunters Point chikamu cheBayview. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Lennar nevamwe vanogadzira vakazvimiririra vane zvibvumirano zvemuguta vanotenda kuti vanogona kutengesa zviri nyore mayunitsi epamusoro kana paine vashoma vatema vanogara padhuze nepamusoro pechikomo.
Bepanhau renyika rinoremekedzwa raRatcliff rakadhinda munharaunda yeBayview kubva muna 1976. Aona zvakawanda uye akataura kubva muzviitiko zvake zvepamoyo kuti pakanga pari panguva iyi yekuvandudzwa patsva apo โkushanda kwemapurisa munharaunda kwakawedzera kupisa kukuru nokurayira kwezvikwata, kusungwa kwakawanda kwevechidiki vedu uye zviito zvechisimba zvemapurisa, zvese zvakagadzirirwa, ndinotenda, kuti tienderere mberi. "
Nyaya iyi haisati yave nemagumo uye haichadaro kusvika manzwi ari kusimukira evaratidziri vechidiki veVatema nemasangano akamira pamberi peBayview police vataura zvavanoda, mukubatana nemubatanidzwa uri kukura wevanomiririra dzimba dzakachena uye mibatanidzwa inofambira mberi. kutora chimiro chekuwedzera chiono chebudiriro.
Carl Finamore ndiye Machinist 1781 nhume, SF Labor Council, AFL-CIO. Anogara muHunters Point uye anogona kusvikwa pa [email inodzivirirwa]
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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