Mark Weisbrot ndiCo-Director weCentre for Economic and Policy Research muWashington, DC Akagamuchira Ph.D yake. mune zvehupfumi kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMichigan. Ndiye munyori webhuku Yakakundikana: Izvo "Nyanzvi" Zvakakanganisa Nezvehupfumi hwenyika (Oxford University Press, 2015), munyori pamwe chete, naDean Baker, we Social Security: Iyo Phony Dambudziko (Yunivhesiti yeChicago Press, 2000), uye akanyora akawanda mapepa ekutsvagisa pamusoro pezvehupfumi. Anonyora koramu yezvehupfumi uye mitemo inogoverwa kumapepanhau anopfuura mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu neTribune Content Agency. Mafungiro ake akabuda muThe Guardian, New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times nemapepanhau makuru eUS, pamwe nebepanhau guru reBrazil, Folha de Sao Paulo. Anogara achionekwa paterevhizheni yenyika uye yemunharaunda uye zvirongwa zveredhiyo. Ndiye zvakare mutungamiri weJust Foreign Policy.
SHARMINI PERIES: Ndiyo Real News Network. Ndiri Sharmini Peries ndichiuya kwauri kubva kuBaltimore. Hurricane Irma yakapfuura Puerto Rico neChitatu, ichikonzera kukanganisa kwakapararira uye kupera kwemagetsi. Dutu iri harina kukwanisa kurova Puerto Rico panguva yakaipisisa, nekuti iri kutotambura nedambudziko rakakura rehupfumi. Muna June apfuura vagari vayo vakavhotera hurumende, vachitarisira kuwana imwe nhanho yekuzvisarudzira uye rubatsiro rwehupfumi. Parizvino zvakadaro, hapana kusununguka kwemamiriro ehupfumi ayo achatowedzera kuipa mumwedzi iri kuuya. Kubatana nesu iye zvino kuti tiongorore dambudziko rehupfumi rePuerto Rico ndiMark Weisbrot. Mako nguva pfupi yadarika akaburitsa chinyorwa cheop-ed muNew York Times chine musoro weStrangling Puerto Rice Kuti Uuchengetedze. Mako ndiye Co-Director weCentre for Economic and Policy Research. Bhuku rake richangoburwa rakakundikana: Chii Nyanzvi Dzakatadza NezveGlobal Economy. Tinotenda nekubatana nesu zvakare, Mark.
MARK WEISBROT: Ndatenda, Sharmini, nekundikoka.
SHARMINI PERIES: Maka, mune yako New York Times chinyorwa unofananidza dambudziko rehupfumi muPuerto Rico neiyo iri kuGreece. Enzanisa zvikwereti zveimwe neimwe yehupfumi uhwu uye inoyera sei, uye vanoronga sei kuikunda?
MARK WEISBROT: Zvakanaka ivo vese vane chikwereti chakajeka chisingachinjiki, Puerto Rico kupfuura Greece. Asi Puerto Rico haisi kuwana kunyange mhando, zvakanaka, haina kuwana zororo rechikwereti kunyange icho Greece yave nacho. Uye haina zvikwereti zveIMF, kana chero zvakadaro, kana. Muchokwadi, zvakanyanya kuipa nekuti ivo vakatotambura makore gumi akarasika. Uyezve bhodhi rekutarisira iro Mutungamiri Obama akagadza gore rapfuura, iro rakauya nehurongwa hwePuerto Rico. Kana chirongwa chikaenda sezvachinofanirwa kuPuerto Rico chichava nerimwe gumi rakarasika. Uye zvakatonyanya kuipa kupfuura izvozvo, nekuti havana kurangarira mhedzisiro yematanho ehusterity pahupfumi kuenda kumberi. Uye zvakare havasi kurangarira kuti vane zvikwereti, kusanganisira hedge funds, vari kutomhan’arira hurumende nekuti vari kuzongowana chidimbu chechikwereti chavo pasi pechirongwa ichi. Uye saka izvo, zvakare, zvichagadzira kumwe kusagadzikana. Saka uri kutaura nezvekusamira kusinga peri kwePuerto Rico. Ndiro ramangwana ravari kutarisa izvozvi kunze kwekunge chimwe chinhu chachinja.
SHARMINI PERIES: Iye zvino, nhengo dzeCongress pamwe neMutungamiri Trump vakaratidza nzvimbo yakasimba inopikisa maererano nekuregererwa kwechikwereti chePuerto Rico. Ivo vanowanzo ratidza dambudziko sechimwe chinhu chakazvikonzeresa nePuerto Rico, uye kuti inofanirwa kukunda dambudziko iri pachayo. Ndeipi mhinduro yako kune rudzi urwu rwemaitiro?
MARK WEISBROT: Zvakanaka kutanga pane zvese hazvigoneke, vane 73 bhiriyoni yechikwereti. Uye chirongwa ichi cheusterity pamusoro pemakore gumi anotevera, ayo anonyatso kudzvanya nyika nekuderedzwa kukuru mukushandisa, uye hutano, uye nezvimwe zvese, uye dzidzo, yavo magetsi system, sezvaungaona kubva kune iyi dutu rekupedzisira, yakatobviswa, ruzhinji rwacho pachitsuwa. Kukanganisika kwakashata, uye kunyangwe nezvose izvi, vakweretesi vaizongowana mari inosvika mabhiriyoni manomwe nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora. Saka hapana nzira, havagone kuibhadhara. Ichi chinhu chisingagoneki, uye hazvaizomboitika dai isiri yePuerto Rico yekolonial chinzvimbo. Inyanzvi inzvimbo isina kubatanidzwa yeUnited States. Saka havana simba pamusoro pemitemo yavo yakakosha yehupfumi.
Kudai vaive nyika yakazvimirira, semuenzaniso, izvi zvaisagona kuitika. Vaizotadza kubhadhara chikwereti chavo sezvakaitwa neArgentina kumashure kwekutanga kwa2001, uye ipapo vaizova nemukana wekudzoka mukukura. Urwu ndirwo rudzi rwechinhu chinongoitika chete kana nyika isina simba pamusoro pemacroeconomic marongero, uye mamwe marongero. Uye chokwadi, chikamu chechikonzero chekuti vari mumhirizhonga pakutanga imhaka yekuti vakarohwa nehuwandu hwekukatyamadzwa kwekunze kubva kuma90s izvo zvisiri zvekugadzira kwavo. Izvo zvaive mhedzisiro yesarudzo dzakaitwa nehurumende yeUS kana nemhedzisiro yezvibvumirano zvepasi rose izvo US yakataurirana. Kufanana neWTO semuenzaniso, vaive vasina izwi mukati uye vaisakwanisa kunyatsoenderana nazvo vasina, zvakare, kutonga pamusoro pemitemo yavo yehupfumi.
SHARMINI PERIES: Ndizvozvo, uye sezvawangotaura, pave nenhoroondo pano maererano nezvakavapinza mudambudziko iri. Uye pamusoro pazvo, isu tine manejimendi system yakatemerwa pavari isiri kushanda. Uye zvino isu tine Hurricane iyi Irma iyo yarova dunhu, uye zvinhu zvichave pachena zvakanyanya kuipa kuPuerto Rico, zvichave zvakanyanya. Iwe unofungei, ukapihwa ese aya mamiriro, chii chingaitwe kuitira kuti Puerto Rico isimudzwe kubva mudambudziko rairi? Izvi ndizvo chaizvo, hongu, asi kana iwe wakawana mukana wekutaura kune avo vanoita sarudzo dzakatenderedza Puerto Rico, iwe waizove uchitii kwavari?
MARK WEISBROT: Zvakanaka, vaizofanira kuwana zororo rechikwereti uye kugadzirisazve chikwereti. Saka chimwe chinhu chakaita seArgentina chaive nacho mushure mekunge vatadza, semuenzaniso, izvo zvakamisa kufarira kwavo mubhadharo wemisimboti. Kuti vatange vadzoreredza hupfumi, izvo zvavakaita, vakakura inoda kusvika 60% mumakore matanhatu. Puerto Rico, zvakare, inofungidzirwa kudzikira kwemakumi emakore. Izvi hazvishamisi, chaizvo, kuve nerudzi urwu rwekuderera kwehupfumi kwenguva refu. Uye zvinongove mhedzisiro yevakweretesi vanoedza kudzvanya zvakanyanya kunze kwenyika kupfuura zvinogoneka kunyangwe nyika yaida kubhadhara zvese nekutambura. Izvo hazvitombogoneki, saka ndicho chingave chinhu chekutanga.
Uye ipapo ivo vaizoda imwe rudzi rwekusimudzira mari kuti hupfumi huenderere mberi, uye nekufamba kwenguva vaigona kubhadhara, zvinoshamisa kuti vangangobhadhara mari inodarika mabhiriyoni manomwe nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora avari kudzvanywa izvozvi kana vakabvumidzwa kudzoka. kukura. Asi izvozvi bhodhi iri rakagadzwa neMutungamiri Obama, harimiriri chero kufarira muPuerto Rico. Uye ipapo iwe une vakweretesi, uye une kubhuroka-kunge kuenderera izvozvi kunyangwe ivo vasingakwanise kubhuroka chaiko. Saka une ese aya masimba uchingoyedza kuvadzvanya, vachiedza kutora chidimbu chavo chechero chinenge chasara. Uye hapana anotarisa kuti chitsuwa chinogona kupora here.
Uye zvakaipa chaizvo, vatove vane 46% hurombo, 58% urombo hwevana, inova inopeta katatu padanho reUnited States. Kushaikwa kwavo kwemabasa i11.7%, kanopfuura kaviri nehafu pane iyo hurovha huri muUnited States. Investment yadonha kubva panosvika makumi maviri muzana muna 20 kusvika pa1999% nhasi. Chero chiratidzo chaunotarisa chakashata. Uye vanodzvanywa zvakare nekuti, uye izvi zvakare mhedzisiro yehutongi hwavo, kunyangwe vachibhadhara mutero weMedicare ivo vasiri kuwana mari yeMedicare kubva kuhurumende yeUnited States iyo nyika dzinowana. Havasviki chero padyo nerutsigiro rweMedicaid, saka vane dambudziko rehutano rechokwadi nekuda kweizvozvo.
Vakawana chimwe chinhu chekugadzirisa izvo chaizvo zvaive zvakakura kubva kuObamacare, asi kwaive kubhadhara kamwe chete, nekuti US haisungirwe kuvabatanidza murubatsiro rweObamacare. Saka ikozvino ivo vachapinda mune imwe dambudziko mune hutano hutano kuwedzera kune austerity. Saka uri kutaura nezve chirango chakashata chakabatana icho chiri kurongwa kuenderera kwemakumi emakore.
SHARMINI PERIES: Zvino chii chiri chimiro chekunyorera statehood? Zvinoita sekunge dai vaive nyika zviri pamutemo vangadai vari kuwana rumwe rubatsiro nerubatsiro, sezvawatsanangura. Saka chii chiri chimiro chekushandiswa kwavo?
MARK WEISBROT: Zvakanaka hapana chiri kuitika nazvo izvozvi uye hapana munhu anozvifunga muhurumende yeUS. Saka ndinoreva izvo zvaunogona kutaura izvozvi maererano nepano ndezvekuti une dzimwe nhengo dze congress dzaipesana neinoti PROMESA Act. Chiitiko chegore rapfuura icho chakasimbisa bhodhi rekutarisa rezvemari iro rakagadzira chirongwa ichi chinotyisa chekushomeka, icho, zvakare, vakweretesi vakaramba nekuti havana kuwana zvakakwana, kubva pamaonero avo, kubva mazviri. Saka iwe waive nekupokana kweizvozvo muCongress, asi hazvina kukwana panguva ino.
SHARMINI PERIES: Zvakanaka Maka, isu ticharamba takatarisa pane izvi uye tinovimba kukudzosa. Uye kana paine zvakagadziridzwa tizivise.
MARK WEISBROT: Ndatenda.
SHARMINI PERIES: Uye ndinokutendai nekubatana nesu pano paReal News Network.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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