Marc Weisbrot
Ndizvo
zvinoshamisa izvo boka rakarongeka revanhu rinogona kuita kana chikonzero chavo chiri
chete uye vanoda kuve vakasindimara uye kugadzira pamusoro payo. Zvita apfuura
vakagogodza mhepo kubva kuWTO muSeattle. Zvino izvi zvakasiyana uye kuwedzera
Bato rakawana maviri ane simba kwazvo emari munyika - IMF uye
World Bank- kumhanya vachitya.
The
kuratidzira kwesvondo rapfuura muWashington, DC ndiko kutanga kweIMF
uye matambudziko eWorld Bank. Kunyange zvazvo vaine shamwari dzakawanda munzvimbo dzakakwirira, ivo
vane rutsigiro rushoma - uye kushorwa kwakawanda- pakati pevanhu venyika.
vatungamiri
yeBoka remakumi manomwe nenomwe- sangano rinomiririra nyika dzine zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana
ruzhinji rwepasi rose- vakaratidza kutsigira kwavo varatidziri. Ivo
akataura kuti “nyika zhinji dzakaramba miuyo yemitemo yakasiyana-siyana
zvirongwa zveWorld Bank neIMF," kusanganisira kuputsa chikwereti
kuremerwa, kushambadza maindasitiri ehurumende, uye "saizi-imwe-inokodzera-zvose
maitiro."
More
anopfuura makore gumi mushure mekupera kweCold War, pane zviratidzo zvekuti Global
Maodzanyemba anogona kunge achitangazve kurwisa kwayo kwemazana emakore kurwisa North kune
kodzero yekuona kuti ichatora chikamu sei muupfumi hwenyika. Uye
hakuna kutyisidzira kukuru kune kodzero iyoyo kupfuura IMF neWorld Bank. Izvi
zvisingarambiki masangano ekoloni, umo mazana emamiriyoni e
vanhu vanorarama vanotapurwa nezvisarudzo zvavo havana inzwi kana kuti zvinobudirira
kumiririra. Vakaita kuti vanhu vakawanda pasi rose vashore zvikuru
sarudzo yedemocracy- kuti chii chakanakira kodzero yekuvhotera bato rako
sarudzo muEl Salvador kana Russia, apo zvakakosha zvehupfumi sarudzo
kuitwa nevakuru vekunze paH street muWashington?
ichi
kusanganiswa kwekupikisa mumoyo wehumambo, nekuwedzera kushorwa
kubva kune avo vakabatwa kunze kwenyika, zvinogona kunge zviri izvo izvo nyika inoda kuhwina chibvumirano chitsva
mabhiriyoni matatu evanhu- hafu yepasi- avo zvino vanorarama nemari isingasviki $2 a
zuva.
Breaking
iyo Bank
The
hondo yapera, hondo inoenderera mberi. Imwe yenzvimbo itsva yakavhurwa ndeye
mushandirapamwe wekuramwa mabhondi eWorld Bank, iyo Bhanga iri rinosimudza nawo
mazhinji makuru ayo. Bato iri nderepasi rose, rine masangano mukati
35 nyika. MuUnited States, inopa nzira yevadzidzisi yekudzidzisa
nharaunda dzavo pamusoro pezvinoitwa neBhangi, uye zvakare kuvapa simba rekuita
chimwe chinhu nezvazvo.
se
bato rekuparadzana rakabatsira kudzikisa hurongwa hwerusaruraganda muSouth
Africa, mushandirapamwe uyu uchaunza meseji kuhurumende dzenzvimbo, mayunivhesiti,
machechi, mibatanidzwa, uye mamwe masangano anoisa mari anogona neimwe nzira
funga mabhondi eWorld Bank semari yakachengeteka uye ine musoro.
Friends
kana Vavengi?
The
Bhangi neHomwe dzakasimudza dziviriro, kazhinji dzichiwana rutsigiro pakati pepepanhau
vapepeti nevatauri vanoziva zvishoma nezvemitemo yavo chaiyo uye maitiro.
“Hapana sangano pasi pano rinoitira varombo zvakawanda kupfuura isu
ita," James Wolfensohn, purezidhendi weWorld Bank, akaudza vezvenhau pakupedzisira
vhiki.
Wolfensohn
zvingava zvakaoma-kumanikidzwa kudzivirira chirevo ichi, kwete zvishoma nokuti vazhinji ve
Kukweretesa kwebhanga kunoenderana nekuti anenge akwereta azadzisa zviga zveIMF. Izvi
hausi humhizha chete- zvinoreva kuti Bhangi rine basa sezvakangoita
IMF ndeyekuparara kwese magariro nehupfumi kunokonzerwa neFund's
mirairo. Izvi zvinosanganisira makumi emamiriyoni evanhu vakapinzwa muurombo mukati
nyika dzakaita seIndonesia, Russia, neBrazil. The Fund's policy, uye
Basa rakaitwa nebhanga mukusimbisa mitemo iyi, ndiro rakakurudzira mukuru wezveupfumi weWorld Bank, VaJoe
Stiglitz, kusiya chigaro nekuvhiringidzika muna Zvita wapfuura.
ichi
vhiki Stiglitz akakanda mujenya wake nevaratidziri, achiti ivo "vaive
kuyedza kuunza pamberi seti yetsika iyo nhamba huru yevanhu,
kunyanya vechidiki vekuAmerica, vanonzwa zvakasimba nezve- nyaya dzinopfuura chete
kuita raramo uye kuda zvinhu- kuti vane hanya nemhoteredzo uye nezve
varombo munyika dzichiri kusimukira, uye kuti vane hanya nezvegutsaruzhinji
process."
The
Bhanga neFund vanoti vari kuda kuti nyika dzepasi rose dzibvisirwe zvikwereti
nyika dzine urombo. Asi vanga vachikweva tsoka dzavo zvishoma nezvishoma kudaro
zvakaoma kuzvitora zvakakomba. Makore mana mushure mekutangwa kweHeavily yavo
Zvikwereti Zvine Mhosva Yenyika Dzekutanga, vashanu chete pa41 vanogona kukodzera
nyika dzakazadzikisa zvinodiwa pakuderedza chikwereti. Vamwe vachadaro
kuenda nemakore ekuparadza kweFund "structural adjustment"
mapurogiramu kuitira kuti akwanise kubhadhara chikwereti izvo, muzviitiko zvakawanda, hazvizoiti
kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yavo yegore negore.
The
varatidziri, pamwe chete nemasangano makuru ezvitendero kubva pasi rese,
vati nyika dzine urombo dzibviswe chikwereti. Chikwereti ichi chave kukosha
anenge masendi gumi chete padhora, sezvo misika yemari inoziva izvozvo zvakanyanya
yazvo haimbofi yakabhadharwa. Saka zviri mukati menzira dzeIMF neWorld Bank kuti
regererai chikwereti ichi. Asi Wolfensohn anoramba kufunga nezvesarudzo iyi, achiti
munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti kuita kudaro kwaizo "kurisa musika" kune chikwereti. Given
kuti misika yakatodzikisa huwandu hwechikwereti ichi, ndizvo
haana kujekesa zvaangareva. Imwe tsananguro ingangove ndeyekuti iye, pamwe chete
vamwe vakuru veFund neBank, vanoona chikwereti senzira yekudzora izvi
mitemo yenyika dzezvehupfumi, uye havakurumidzi kurasikirwa nemasimba aya.
Zvichakadaro,
kumberi kwemba, yazvino Bhizinesi Vhiki / Harris poll inoratidza kuti muAmerican
vanhu vari pedyo zvakanyanya nemaonero evaratidziri pane vakangwara
vanovanyomba kubva pamapeji e-op-ed. Pavakakumbirwa kutsanangura maonero avo pamusoro
kutengeserana, 10 muzana chete yakasarudza "mutengesi wemahara." Makumi mashanu kubva muzana vakasarudza
"fair trader," zita risingawanzo shandiswa nemunhu ari kunze kwebasa kana
protest movement. Uye 37 muzana vakasarudza "protectionist" - izwi iro
haina kumbopihwa chirevo chakanaka mupepanhau, uye pamwe yave se
akarambwa mumaonero makuru se "communist." Kunyangwe zvaivepo
manzwiro akavhengana nezvekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose kazhinji kazhinji, vanhu vaiwanzosarudza
"kuchengetedza nharaunda" uye "kudzivirira kurasikirwa kweUS
jobs" sechinhu chakakosha pazvibvumirano zvekutengeserana- kuzviisa zvakanyanya
kusawirirana nevagadziri vedu vemitemo nevakuru vezvokutengeserana.
izvi
kuratidzira inzira yekubatsira vatungamiriri vedu kubata maonero eruzhinji.
maka
Weisbrot ndiye mubati-mukuru weCentre for Economic and Policy Research mu
Washington, DC/
Name:
Mark Weisbrot
E-mail:[email inodzivirirwa]>
Center for Ehupfumi uye Policy Ongororo
1015 18th Street NW,
Suite 200 Washington, DC 20036
Runhare (202) 822-1180 x228
(www.cepr.net)