M'munsimu ndi gawo lochokera ku Buku Loyamba la Fanfare kwa Tsogolo, otchulidwa Occupy Theory ndi yolembedwa ndi Michael Albert waku US ndi Mandisi Majavu kapena South Africa. Occupy Theory likupezeka ngati ebook kwa Amazon Kindle, ndi Apple IPAD (posachedwa), komanso yosindikizidwa kuchokera ku ZStore.
โChinyengo choti ndife osiyana ndi amodzi
china ndi kusokonekera kwachidziwitso chathu. โ
- Albert Einstein
Ngati tikhulupirira kuti gulu litha kufotokozedwa momveka bwino kuti limakhudza magawo anayi a moyo, kapena ngati titsatira chikhulupiriro chimenecho kuti tiwone momwe chingatifikire, ndiye kuti m'mutu uno titha kugwirizana pa zida zina zowonjezera kuti timvetsetse mbali zonse zinayizo. kutengedwa mosiyana. Mโmutu wotsatira, tingakambirane mbali zinayi zimene zimagwirizana komanso kusintha kwa nthawi.
General Khalidwe la Social Spheres
โMwana wa ana asanu angamvetse zimenezi.
Tumizani munthu kukatenga mwana wazaka zisanu.
- Groucho Marx
Njira imodzi yopitira patsogolo mwachangu ndikupanga zinthu zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'mbali zonse zinayi za moyo wa anthu - ubale, chikhalidwe / dera, ndale, ndi chuma - ngakhale tikukumbukira kuti magawo anayiwa salipo okha, koma nthawi zonse amakhala. enawo atatu.
Tikufuna makamaka kumvetsetsa mabungwe omwe amawongolera miyoyo ya anthu. Ndipo, ndithudi, timasamala makamaka zifukwa zomwe magulu a anthu angafune kusintha kuti athawe malire omwe mabungwe amaika pa iwo.
Muzochitika zosiyanasiyana zaโฆ
- moyo wabanja, kuberekana, ndi kuyanjana
- chizindikiritso cha chikhalidwe ndi chikondwerero
- malamulo andale, kukhazikitsa, ndi kugamula
- kupanga chuma, kudya ndi kugawaโฆ
โฆndipo makamaka chifukwa cha zofunika pazantchito pochita izi, anthu amagawidwa m'magulu omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza chikoka, udindo, thanzi, komanso moyo wabwino.
Magulu ena amapindula kwambiri ndipo savutika kwenikweni. Magulu ena sapindula kwenikweni ndipo amavutika kwambiri.
Kuonjezera apo, sikuti gulu lina limachita bwino ndipo lina limachita moipitsitsa. Ndikuti magulu nthawi zambiri amalimbana kuti apindule. Kuti gulu lina lipeze zambiri, gulu lina liyenera kupeza zochepa.
Amuna amapeza nthawi, chikoka, ndi zabwino zakuthupi zokhudzana ndi akazi, ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha poyerekeza ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, ndipo kupindula ndi kutayika kotereku kumadzabweranso pazaka zaukalamba ndi maubale ena.
Zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana (monga azungu aku US) poyerekeza ndi magulu ena azikhalidwe (monga Akuda aku US ndi Latinos) amachita bwino chifukwa cha anthu ammudzi / kusankhana mitundu komanso mafuko kapena mayiko kapena zikhalidwe zina.
Pazachuma eni ake amachita bwino kuposa mamenejala, mainjiniya, ndi antchito ena opatsidwa mphamvu, ndipo eni ake ndi antchito opatsidwa mphamvu amachita bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ogwira ntchito, zonse mogwirizana ndi magulu a anthu.
Ndipo potsiriza, iwo omwe ali ndi mphamvu zamalamulo, zoweruza, ndi / kapena zokakamiza ndale amachita bwino poyerekeza ndi omwe alibe, nthawi ino chifukwa cha ndale (nthawi zina amatchedwa maofesi) m'maboma osankhidwa kapena olamulidwa, apolisi ndi magulu ankhondo ndi zina. mabungwe aboma, kutengera anthu.
Kuonjezera apo, zotsutsana zonse zamagulu izi zimakhala ndi ziro sum. Magulu opeza bwino nthawi zambiri amapindula molingana ndi momwe magulu oipitsitsa amawonongeka. Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, kufotokozera kwa magulu angapo omwe akukangana kumapanga zonena zovuta, koma zoona zake ndizodziwikiratu kwa aliyense.
Chodziwikiratu, ngakhale sizimanenedwa momveka bwino, ndikuti pakakhala gulu pamwamba ndi gulu pansi, pomwe mawonekedwe ake amasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana, palinso kufanana kwakukulu paubwenzi wopambana/wocheperako kuyambira maulamuliro kupita ku utsogoleri. Makamaka, mamembala omwe ali pamwamba - m'mbali zonse za moyo - sangadzuke m'mawa uliwonse ndikudziuza okha kuti: "Tili pamwamba chifukwa dongosololi lasokonezedwa kuti tipindule, ndipo timateteza omwe ali pansi pathu. mโnjira iliyonse imene tingathe.โ M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri, omwe ali pamwambawa amadziuza okha kuti, "Ndife apamwamba ndipo tikuyenera mapindu athu pomwe omwe ali pansiwa ndi otsika ndipo mulimonse momwe zingakhalire sayenera kuchita zambiri." Amene ali pamwambawa - kaya ndi nkhani yapachibale, mtundu, gulu, kapena mphamvu zandale - adzamvanso kuti, "Kulandira kwathu mphoto kuposa ena kumapindulitsa aliyense, chifukwa ndife anzeru, opanga zinthu, ogwira ntchito molimbika, komanso odalirika."
Atha kudziwuza okha kuti omwe ali pansipa "sangasangalale ndi mapindu omwe timalandira akanakhala nawo - monga momwe timasangalalira nawo - chifukwa alibe kukoma kokoma komanso luso loti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino. chuma choterocho. M'malo mwake, apansi athu akanakhala olemedwa akanakhala ndi chuma chonse chomwe tili nacho? Kodi akanatani nazo - kupatula kuziwononga."
Amene ali pamwambawa amalingalira kuti nthaลตi zambiri, โchitaganya nโcholungama.โ Mchitidwe wodzikweza woterewu umawonekera mu kusankhana mitundu, kusankhana amuna kapena akazi, aulamuliro, ndi magulu, zomwe zimakweza magulu achikhalidwe, achibale, ndale, kapena azachuma kuposa omwe ali pansipa.
Momwemonso, iwo omwe ali pansi sangadzinene mokwiya nthawi zonse, "Tili pansi mopanda chilungamo. Tikuvutika chifukwa dongosololi lasokonezedwa kuti litifooketse komanso chifukwa omwe ali pamwambawa amagwira ntchito molimbika kuti asunge zinthu momwe zilili, ndipo tiyenera kusintha. โ
M'malo mwake, iwo omwe ali pansi amatha kudziwuza okha, kapena pamlingo wina amakayikira kuti, "Ndife apansi pano. Sitinayese mokwanira. Kapena sitinathe mokwanira. Kapena tinali opanda mwayi. Kapena mtundu wathu ulibe zomwe zimafunika. โ
Omwe ali pansipa amatha kumva kuti "amachita bwino ndi omwe ali pamwamba, chifukwa amuna / eni / azungu / andale amakhala bwino pazomwe amachita ndipo timapeza phindu." Kapena angadziuze kuti, โTimakonda kumusi kuno. Tili ndi udindo wochepa komanso zovuta zochepa.
Komabe, ngakhale kuti zolembedwazo ndi zomwe zidalipo ngati zomveka komanso zomveka zaka makumi angapo mmbuyomo, ndipo pomwe zikukakamirabe movutikira kwa anthu ochepa omwe amakhala pansi pamikhalidwe ya anthu, zowonera ndi zisankho zikuwonetsa kuti iwo salinso malingaliro apamwamba kwa iwo. pansi. M'malo mwake, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi komanso mochulukirachulukira m'kupita kwa nthawi, malingaliro atsopano amatsutsana ndi malingaliro a anthu oponderezedwa ovomereza mavuto awo.
Omwe ali pansipa azindikira kuti ali pansipa chifukwa dongosololi ndi lokhazikika. Iwo afika pozindikira, ngakhale ngati sakuika maganizo pa izo, kuti vuto lawo siliri lopeลตeka, koma lokakamizidwa. Komabe, panthaลตi imodzimodziyo, iwo akhulupiriranso mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti โpalibe njira ina, palibe makonzedwe abwinoko, kapena palibe njira yopulumukira.โ
Ndi malingaliro awa omwe ali pansipa akunena kuti: "Palibe chifukwa chomenyana. Palibe chifukwa choyesera chilichonse chosiyana kwambiri. Palibe njira yopitilira kugwirira ntchito limodzi chifukwa alipo kuti apeze zabwino kwa ine ndi ine. โ
Iwo amati, โMwina ndikhoza kugwira ntchito molimbika pangโono, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru pangโono ndi kuwongolera pangโono vuto langa ndi mavuto a banja langa. Koma sindingathe kuwongolera mkhalidwe wanga kuposa pamenepo, ngakhalenso kusintha zinthu kwa aliyense.โ
Lingaliro liri lakuti: โKumenyana ndi olamulira, kumenyana ndi dongosolo, kulimbana ndi chisalungamo, kuli ngati kugubuduza miyala ikuluikulu mโmitsinje yotsetsereka, koma kuphwanyidwa pamene potsirizira pake ibwerera pansi. Zili ngati kuwuzira mphepo. Zili ngati kudandaula za mphamvu yokoka. Zachabechabe.โ
Amauza ngakhale amene amakana kuti akuchita zinthu zopusa. Iwo amalimbikitsa kuti: โMumapita bwino kwambiri pavunda. Simungathe kumenyana ndi city hall. Muyenera kugwira ntchito molingana ndi zomwe zalamula. Ndi mmenenso zilili ndi magulu onse a anthu.โ
Komabe, popeza kuti mโbuku lino sitili ofunitsitsa kulungamitsa maunansi opondereza amakono koma mโmalo mwake tikufuna kuwasintha, tidzafuna kulongosola malingaliro othandiza opandukawo, limodzinso ndi kumvetsetsa kulimba mtima kwa malingaliro odzigonjetsera amene nthaลตi zina amamanga awo amene amatsutsana nawo. kuvutika ndi kugonjera kwawo.
Inde, kukhala pansi nthaลตi zambiri kumapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi maganizo amene amaoneka ngati omveka koma olimbikitsa kunyozeka kwa munthu. Anthu ambiri angadziimbe mlandu chifukwa cha mavuto athu kapena, mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, angakane maganizo okhudza kusintha mkhalidwe wathu. Koma mwachionekere uwu sindiwo kaimidwe kamene timakondera ndi kutsatira mโbukuli.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kukhala pansi nthawi zina kumapangitsa anthu kuyang'ana momwe zinthu ziliri, kutanthauzira njira zina zomwe angatsatire, kufunafuna njira zomwe angapindule nazo, ndikutsata zidziwitso zina zolimbikitsira kufufuza ndi machitidwe aliwonse. Ndipo, ndithudi, izi zakhala zikuchitika mobwerezabwereza m'mbiri yonse ndipo zatsogolera ku malingaliro osiyanasiyana otsutsa, okhwima, ndipo nthawi zina osinthika omwe apititsa patsogolo kwambiri zofuna za omwe ali pansipa.
Kotero ife tikhoza kuyembekezera kuti tidzatha kuyang'ana pa malingaliro opandukawa akale kuti tipeze zida zomwe tingagwiritse ntchito tokha, m'tsogolo mwathu. Ndipo zowonadi, titha kuchita izi, mwachipambano, ndipo mokulira popanda kufunikira kosintha kofunikira, osachepera atatu mwa magawo anayiwo.
Magawo Atatu: Chiphunzitso cha Easy Way
โMaganizo ali ngati akalulu. Mupeza angapo ndikuphunzira
momwe mungawathetsere, ndipo posachedwa muli ndi khumi ndi awiri."
- John Steinbeck
Tiyerekeze kuti tiyamba ndi nkhani za jenda ndi kugonana. Pa avareji, amayi ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amakhala pansi pamikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi kugonana ndipo, m'kupita kwa nthawi, amafotokozera malingaliro ndi malingaliro omvetsetsa malingaliro a anthu omwe ali mumagulu okhudzana ndi kugonana; kumvetsetsa zotsatira za mabungwe omwe amapanga ndi kusunga maulamuliro okhudzana ndi kugonana; komanso, pang'onopang'ono, kumvetsetsa mabungwe ena omwe angalowe m'malo mwa mabungwe omwe alipo kale.
Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, tikhoza kutchula ndondomeko zonsezi zomwe zimalongosola zofuna za amayi ndi amuna okhaokha, akazi. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa malingaliro, zidziwitso, zolinga ndi njira zomwe anthu angabweretse pantchito yosintha ubale pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, ndikukhulupirira kuti malingaliro awo amawunikira zomwe zikufunika kuwunikira, osasiya chilichonse chofunikira kwambiri, kuwalozera njira zothandiza, ndikuwathandiza kumvetsetsa chitani. Monga tachenjezeratu m'mawu oyambilira, titha kukumba zolemba ndi mbiri yothandiza kuti tsopano tipange buku lalitali longofotokoza ndi kufotokoza mwachidule zidziwitso zaukazi wokhudza mitundu yonse ya zochitika za mbiri yakale ndi maubale omwe omwe akulimbana ndi kusintha kwa ubale apanga, koma m'malo mwake, pakadali pano, tikuyenera kukhazikika popereka zidziwitso zapakati, kuphunzira zambiri momwe tikupitilira patsogolo.
Ntchito zofotokozera za ubale ndi za moyo wabanja - makamaka zokhudzana ndi kubweretsa dziko lapansi ndikulera m'badwo watsopano. Ndi za kusunga magawo okhala ndikuchita zogonana komanso moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mokulirapo. Maudindo okhudzana ndi ntchitozi, ndithudi, ndi osiyana modabwitsa. Ena apakati ndi mwamuna ndi mkazi - ndipo ndifotokoza mwachidule chifukwa chomwe mwamuna ndi mkazi ali ndi maudindo - amayi ndi abambo, ndipo chifukwa chake mlongo ndi mchimwene, amalume ndi azakhali, ndi zina zotero - komanso gay, molunjika, ndi zina zotero. bisexual, etc.
Kusanthula kwachikazi kwafotokoza mbali za maulamuliro ndi zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimatengera akazi ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha - komanso pamlingo wina ngakhale amuna ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha - poyerekeza ndi mikhalidwe yabwino yomwe tonse tingasangalale nayo m'miyoyo yathu. Iwo avumbulutsa kusiyana kwa zochitika ndi umoyo wakuthupi, kuzunzidwa m'maganizo ndi thupi, kugawidwa kosiyana kwa nthawi ndi mphamvu zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi kukhala m'maudindo osiyana a amuna kapena akazi, kuphatikizapo kutsata zomwe zimachitika muzochitika zonse za moyo, chipembedzo, ntchito, boma, maphunziro. , chikhalidwe, komanso moyo wapakhomo. Ndipo mpaka pano, omenyera ufulu wachikazi afotokozanso, ngakhale osavomerezana kwathunthu, chiyambi cha magulu ogonana/amuna ndi akazi ndipo afotokozanso malingaliro ena okhudza maudindo ndi machitidwe ena omwe angathetse maulamulirowa kuti akhazikitse m'malo mongokhala maubwenzi m'mabanja ndi kugonana komanso. kuyanjana kwa mabanja, ndipo, mokulira, kudera lonselo.
Koma chifukwa chiyani kukhala mwamuna komanso kukhala mkazi ndi maudindo amtundu wa anthu, mungadabwe, chifukwa amatsimikiza mwachilengedwe?
Zili choncho chifukwa ngakhale kuti Samantha angakhale mkazi mwachibadwa ndipo Samuel mwachibadwa ndi mwamuna, makhalidwe ndi udindo umene Samantha ndi Samuel ali nawo - komanso zizolowezi ndi zokonda zomwe amapeza m'madera ena - zimadutsa kusiyana kwawo kwachibadwa.
Kukhala mwamuna kapena mkazi mโdera limene lili ndi ulamuliro wokomerana ndi kugonana nโkosiyana kwambiri ndi kukhala mwamuna kapena mkazi mโdera limene amuna ndi akazi amasiyana chifukwa cha zofunikira zenizeni za chilengedwe. Biology nthawi zonse imapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa zomwe tingachite ndi kubadwa, unamwino, ndi zina zambiri. ndalama, ndi udindo.
Tiyerekeze kuti tipita patsogolo ndikulingalira kukhala mayi kapena bambo. Apanso, mutha kuganiza, awa si maudindo m'gulu - koma kukhala mayi kapena abambo kumatanthauzidwa ndi kutengera kwachilengedwe m'chilengedwe chathu. Ndipo, inde, biology ndi gawo la kukhala mayi kapena bambo. Koma kukhala mayi m'dera lathu kumatanthauza kukhala ndi udindo wolera, kusamalira, kuyeretsa, ndi kukonza zinthu, pakati pa zina zambiri, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe abambo amachita. kuchita ndi biology.
Momwemonso, tikamawona mbali ina yamtunduwu, kukhala tate m'dera lathu kumakhala ndi maudindo ndi ziyembekezo zosiyana kwambiri kuposa kukhala mayi, nthawi zambiri pazachuma komanso kulanga, zomwe zimakhala zovomerezeka komanso zosawononga nthawi, komanso Izi zilinso ndi ziro zokhudzana ndi biology.
Zachidziwikire, zomwe si zamoyo zomwe zimakhala za mayi kapena abambo, komanso momwe zinthu zenizeni zamoyo zimachitikira, zitha kusintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mabungwe, monga zachitika, pamlingo wina, zaka 45 zapitazi kapena apo - pomwe Zofunikira zenizeni zachilengedwe ndizokhazikika kwambiri.
Sitifunika kuchulukirabe mu zonsezi. Tidzayang'ana mozama za maudindo okhudzana ndi kugonana ndi zotsatira zake m'moyo wapakhomo ndi malo ena pamene tikukamba za masomphenya ndi njira. Pakali pano, tiyeni tingolingalira kuti zambiri zomwe uzimayi wanena ndi kunenabe, zitha kupitirizidwa, monga momwe zilili pano, kuti zikhale gawo la chitukuko chathu cha malingaliro ambiri. Tidzayesa ndikuchitapo kanthu pamalingaliro amenewo pamene tikupitiriza.
Kenako, tikambirana za chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Mkhalidwewu ndi wofanana ndi zomwe tidapeza pakugonana / jenda. M'mbiri yakale, madera omwe adakumana ndi kunyozedwa ndi kuphwanyidwa koipitsitsa kwa tsankho ndi zikhalidwe zina monga zautundu ndi tsankho lautundu ndi zipembedzo, nthawi zina adataya mtima ndipo adasiyanso momwe alili pomwe akuyesera kuchita zomwe angathe. mikhalidwe mkati mwa malamulo opondereza omwe amakumana nawo. Nthawi zina, komabe, madera omwe ali pansi adapandukira ndikupanga njira zoganizira zamavuto awo - kuphatikiza malingaliro okhudzana ndi kusankhana mitundu ndi kuponderezana kwina - zomwe titha kuzitsatira mokwanira.
Cholinga cha izi ndikumvetsetsa kuti mitundu, zipembedzo, ndi zikhalidwe zina nthawi zambiri zimakhudza madera omwe ali ndi mikangano, nthawi zambiri gulu limodzi limadziwona ngati loposa midzi ina kapena angapo, komanso mabungwe m'magulu onse. kukweza anthu a m'dera lalikulu pamene akugonjera anthu a m'madera omwe ali pansi.
Chidziwitso chinanso chofunikira cha iwo omwe akupandukira utsogoleri wa anthu ndi kufunafuna ufulu wa anthu / chikhalidwe - ndipo ndikufuna kutchula chikhalidwe choterechi - chakhala chakuti magulu amitundu, mafuko, dziko, ndi zipembedzo alidi ndi chikhalidwe. Mphamvu ndi ubwino wa anthu ammudzi umodzi kuposa wina zimachokera ku ubale ndi mbiri, osati biology. Zowonadi, palibe malire enieni achilengedwe omwe alipo pakati pa madera ndipo palibe maziko ofunikira achilengedwe pazosiyana zachikhalidwe. Pa avareji kusiyana kwa majini pakati pa anthu awiri osankhidwa mwachisawawa m'dera lililonse lachikhalidwe kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kusiyana kwa majini pakati pa oimira anthu awiri osiyana. Kusiyana kwa maudindo, osati tsogolo la chilengedwe, kumabweretsa mikhalidwe yosagwirizana ndi zopindulitsa zomwe kuzilingalira kumayambitsa malingaliro olakwika odzinyoza okha ndi ena, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ulamuliro ndi kusiya ntchito, zonse mothandizidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamphamvu komwe kumayambitsa ndi kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi kugonana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, tidzaphunzira zambiri za izi, ngakhale pamene tikubwereka ndikuphatikiza malingaliro athu - ndi kukonzanso pang'ono chabe - chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi akatswiri akale omwe amatsutsa magulu a anthu.
Kenako, kuti tipitirize kafukufukuyu, tili ndi nkhani za ndale. Apanso, otsutsa za ubale womwe ulipo wandale - makamaka ndimaganizira akatswiri abwino kwambiri omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa anarchism - apanga zidziwitso zothandiza kwambiri zomwe titha kutengera ndikugwirira ntchito momwe tikuwonera. Zomwe akhala akuyang'ana kwambiri nthawi zambiri zakhala zikuyang'anira mabungwe andale omwe amatumikira zofuna zochepa ndipo amakhala osiyana ndi anthu, kuphatikizapo kulamulira anthu. Mkhalidwe umene ma anarchists amakana sikungowonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu ochepetsedwa ndi kusonyeza zofuna za anthu. Ulamuliro wokanidwa, kaya wopondereza kapena wanyumba yamalamulo, m'malo mwake ndi wovutitsa anthu, kuvutikira, kuwonetsa zofuna za anthu ochepa.
Sukulu ya anarchist ya malingaliro andale ingathenso kufotokozedwa motalika kwambiri, ndipo zambiri zanzeru zake zidzamveka bwino pamene tikukamba zambiri za masomphenya ndi njira. Chidziwitso chimodzi cha anarchist, mwachitsanzo, ndikuwona - zomwe zanenedwa kwa nthawi yayitali koma zomwe sizimaganiziridwa movutikira - kuti mphamvu imawononga komanso mphamvu zonse zimawononga kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza, makamaka, kuti ngati anthu ena ali ndi mphamvu zochulukira adzazilungamitsa m'njira zotamandira kukhala ndi mphamvu monga ukoma, zomwe zimawatsogolera kukuyesera kupeza mphamvu zochulukirapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo kufunafuna mphamvu zambiri. Zotsatira zimaipiraipira pomwe mphamvu zambiri zimayikidwa pakati m'manja ocheperako.
Pakadali pano, mfundo yayikulu ndiyakuti - monga momwe zinalili pamalingaliro athu okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha akazi ndi ma intercommunalist - palibe mavuto akulu komanso ofunikira m'malingaliro oyambira otsutsana ndi aulamuliro kotero kuti tingafunike kukana kapena kusintha malingalirowo. M'malo momanga maziko athu, titha kuphatikizira zambiri zandale za akatswiriwa, kuwaphatikiza ndi chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha masukulu achikazi ndi apakati, kupanga zosintha makamaka - monga tiwona mutu wotsatira - kuti njira iliyonse ilemekeze ndikuphatikiza nzeru. mwa ena awiri.
One Sphere Imatengera Ntchito Zambiri
" Tsankho ndi zomwe opusa amagwiritsa ntchito pazifukwa."
- Voltaire
Gawo lachinayi, zachuma, limapereka vuto losiyana ndi lachitatu. Zachuma, zikuwoneka kuti, zimafunikira kukonzanso malingaliro am'mbuyomu, ngakhale kukonzanso malingaliro am'mbuyomu, kuti zipite patsogolo.
Kumvetsetsa kwachidziwitso chambiri pazachuma ndikothandiza kwambiri. Imakhudza zolowa ndi zotulukapo ndi ntchito zopangidwa, komanso momwe ogwira ntchito ndi ogula akukhudzidwa ndi izi. Malingaliro awa - monga akufotokozedwera m'magulu odana ndi capitalist ndi zolimbana - kupanga maadiresi, kadyedwe, ndi kugawa ndikuvumbulutsa maudindo ena ofunikira pazonsezi, kuphatikiza kufunafuna kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la maudindowa magulu omwe akukangana. Pakadali pano, zili bwino. Njira yomwe yatengedwa ndi yofanana ndi magawo ena atatu. Dziwani ntchito, zindikirani mabungwe, ndikuwona zotsatira za magulu omwe akukangana.
Koma kenako chinthu china chofunika kwambiri chimasokonekera. Pafupifupi onse osagwirizana nawo omwe amawunika zachuma amavomereza kuti chinsinsi chomvetsetsa zomwe zikuyembekezeka ndikumvetsetsa magulu omwe akukangana, otchedwa makalasi, ndi malingaliro, machitidwe, ndi zokonda zomwe zimayikidwa m'makalasi ndi maudindo awo azachuma. Izi zikufanana ndi kumvetsetsa amuna ndi akazi, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, akuda ndi azungu, Akatolika ndi Asilamu, komanso malingaliro, makhalidwe, ndi zokonda zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa magulu omwe akukangana chifukwa cha ubale kapena chikhalidwe. Koma ngakhale kufanana uku, pafupifupi onse dissident njira zachuma ndiye kupanga zimene timaona cholakwa chowononga. Amazindikira moyenerera mbali yofunika kwambiri pazachuma yomwe imakhudza kupanga kwake magulu otsutsana - omwe pazachuma amatchedwa makalasi. Nthawi yomweyo, komabe, amanyalanyaza - ngakhale kusadziwika - mbali ina yofunikanso koma yosiyana kwambiri yomwe imakhudza kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu otsutsana. Izi zimapereka chithunzi cholakwika kwenikweni. Njira yokhazikika imapita mochuluka kapena mochepera monga chonchi. Chuma chiyenera kupanga ndi kugawa kuti anthu athe kudya. Timapanga mbatata kuti tidye mbatata. Mu mtundu wa chuma chomwe tikupirira pano, chotchedwa capitalist, ubale wa umwini ndi maudindo omwe amakhazikitsa amapangitsa gulu la ogwira ntchito ndi eni ake kukhala opikisana omwe ali ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana, zolinga, ndi malingaliro a wina ndi mnzake.
Kusanthula kwa anti capitalist pa ubale wokanganawu ndi wanzeru ndipo, m'njira zambiri, kubwerekedwa. Monga momwe tiwonera, kusanthula kumeneku kumavumbula momwe umwini waumwini wa malo ogwira ntchito ndi zinthu zopangira zimatsogolera ku kufunafuna phindu kwa eni ake ndi kufunafuna malipiro abwino a ogwira ntchito - zomwe, zimapangitsa kuti eni ake ayese kuchepetsa malipiro, kukulitsa tsiku la ntchito. , ndi kufulumizitsa ndi kuonjezera ntchito, pamene ogwira ntchito amafuna kukweza malipiro, kufupikitsa masiku ogwirira ntchito, ndi kusangalala ndi mikhalidwe yoopsa komanso yoopsa, pakati pa zolinga zina zotsutsana. Zonsezi, ndi zidziwitso zambiri zofananira, ndizofunikiradi pakuyesetsa kusintha anthu. Kupatula apo, chuma chokhazikika pakufunafuna phindu pazaumoyo ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe chuma cha capitalist chimalephera kupititsa patsogolo zomwe timakhulupirira.
Koma apa pali vuto. Anthu amagawidwa m'magulu omwe amatsutsana chifukwa cha maudindo awo osiyanasiyana pazachuma omwe amawapatsa zofuna zotsutsana. Chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa kusiyana koteroko ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana a umwini - monga momwe anthu ena ali ndi njira zopangira ndipo ena amangokhala ndi luso lawo logwira ntchito. Pakadali pano, zili bwino. Komabe, chinthu china chimene chimachititsa anthu kukhala mโmakalasi osiyanasiyana si nkhani ya kukhala ndi katundu, koma mโmalo mwake, ndi mtundu wa ntchito imene timachita pazachuma zimene timagwira. Gulu lazachuma silimangonena za yemwe ali ndi chiyani, komanso, ndani amachita chiyani.
Ntchito, monga ntchito zonse, imakhudza omwe amaichita. Mu chuma chamakono cha capitalist - kupatula eni ake apamwamba omwe amangopanga gawo limodzi kapena awiri mwa anthu - tonse timagwira ntchito. Zowonadi, tonse timagulitsa luso lathu logwira ntchito kwa eni ake, ndipo tonse timapeza malipiro a ntchito yomwe timagwira, ubale womwe umatchedwa otsutsa, ukapolo wamalipiro. Kufanana uku ndi komwe kwapangitsa kuti ma anti capitalist ambiri kwazaka zambiri awononge anthu onsewa omwe amagulitsa luso lawo logwira ntchito kuti alipidwe kukhala gulu limodzi logwira ntchito.
Komabe, pali mzere wina womwe umagawaniza onse omwe amalandila malipiro osati gulu limodzi koma awiri.
Mu lingaliro ili, pamwamba pa onse ogwira ntchito zachuma pali eni, kapena ma capitalist. Pansi pali antchito. Koma pakati pa ogwira ntchito otsika ndi ma capitalist olemekezeka, pali gulu lachitatu, lomwe tidzalitcha gulu la ogwirizanitsa, kuphatikiza onse omwe amagwira ntchito zopatsa mphamvu mosiyana ndi ogwira ntchito pansi omwe amagwira ntchito zofooketsa kwambiri, zonyozeka, ndi zotopetsa.
Pogwira ntchito yopatsa mphamvu, tikutanthauza kuti gulu lachitatu ili - pakati pa makalasi awiri odziwika bwino - limachita mopambanitsa ntchito zomwe zimawapatsa kudzidalira, luso locheza ndi anthu, chidziwitso cha kuntchito, zizolowezi, komanso zokumana nazo popanga zisankho za tsiku ndi tsiku kuntchito. Zonsezi, zikatengedwa pamodzi, zimawapatsa mphamvu. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ogwira ntchito amene amagwira ntchito movutikira m'gulu la otsogolera, amachita monyanyira, zotopetsa, zobwerezabwereza, komanso zowopsa zomwe zimangosonyeza kutopa, kuchepa kwa thanzi, kudzipatula, zizolowezi zomvera, komanso kulepheretsedwa.
Chifukwa chake zonena zathu zatsopano ndikuti mosiyana ndi momwe zimakhalira pakugonana / jenda, mtundu / fuko, ndi mphamvu, zoyesayesa zam'mbuyomu zopanga malingaliro oyenera kumvetsetsa zachuma kuchokera m'magawo a omwe ali pansi pamikhalidwe yamagulu - antchito ake - akhala akukhudzidwa kwambiri. cholakwa.
Titha kubwereka kwa achibale, zikhalidwe, ndi ndale popanda kuwongolera pongokonza pang'ono. Njira zitatuzi zimazindikiritsa madera omwe akukangana ndikudziwikiratu kuzinthu zonse zopondereza zomwe zili m'madera awo.
Mosiyana ndi izi, njira zachuma zomwe m'mbuyomu zidawonetsa kusamvana zidayang'ana magulu awiri omwe adayenera kuyang'ana pa atatu. Njira zodziwika bwino zachuma izi - kuphatikiza, makamaka, marxism - zawonetsa mitundu ina ya kuponderezana kwachuma (yokhudzana ndi kufunafuna phindu), koma sananyalanyaze - kapena nthawi zina amakana - mitundu ina ya kuponderezana kwachuma komwe kumakhudzana ndi kusunga magawano pakati pa ogwirizanitsa pamwambapa ( Nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 20% ya antchito onse omwe amalipidwa) ndi ogwira ntchito pansi (nthawi zambiri amakhala 80% ya antchito onse omwe amalipidwa).
Kodi kuyang'anira uku kukadalowa ndi kupitilizabe zoyeserera zotsutsana ndi capitalist?
Kukana koyenera kwa kuponderezedwa pazachuma kunasokonezedwa, wina anganene kuti, kuyang'ana mwaukali gulu limodzi la maubwenzi (maubwenzi a katundu) koma osayang'anansonso ubale wina (kugawa kwa maubwenzi ogwira ntchito kokhudzana ndi kupatsa mphamvu).
Ili si vuto laling'ono. Ndipo sikuti anthu makumi awiri pa XNUMX aliwonse m'gulu la ogwirizanitsa amachita bwino kwambiri kuposa ogwira ntchito omwe amakhala pansi pomwe akukangana ndi eni omwe amakhala pamwamba. Komanso kuti awiri kalasi maganizo kuti amakana kufunika kwa kalasi lachitatu sabotages mphamvu kuganiza moona classless chuma.
Kuyang'ana pa magulu awiri okha nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa odana ndi capitalist kufika pa masomphenya omwe akuganiza kuti akufuna kupindulitsa antchito, koma zomwe zimakweza ogwirizanitsa pamwamba pa antchito. Chifukwa chake, mu Fanfare, sitiyenera kungoyenga ndikuphatikiza bwino ndi kumvetsetsa kwathu kwanzeru zam'mbuyomu zazachuma - monga momwe tiyenera kuchitira pazakale za jenda/kugonana, madera, ndi ndale - tiyeneranso kusintha kwambiri malingaliro akale azachuma. .
Tiyenera kuwonjezera kumvetsetsa kwa eni ndi antchito, kumvetsetsa kwa ogwirizanitsa omwe alipo pakati pa eni ndi antchito. Gulu lachitatu ili si makapitalist ang'onoang'ono kapena ogwira ntchito bwino. Sikuti ndi kachigawo kakang'ono chabe ka kalasi lina, kapena kusiyana kwa gulu lina. Komanso sizikhudza katundu. Ili ndi gulu lachitatu lomwe lili ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe amachokera ku momwe kugawikana kwa ogwira ntchito kumatsogolere gulu lina kukhala lolamulira ntchito yopatsa mphamvu pomwe lina limagwira ntchito zofooketsa mphamvu.
Kuti tithane ndi mavuto azachuma pakusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, tiyenera kuwunikira momwe ogwirizira amatetezera ndikukulitsa mphamvu zawo pakupatsa mphamvu ntchito ngati yachilengedwe - komanso pafupifupi yosasinthika - kukula kwa udindo wawo pakugawika kwa ntchito ndikuwunikiranso zabwino zomwe zimachitikira komanso ndalama zomwe amapeza. udindo umapereka ogwirizanitsa mu capitalism poyerekeza ndi ogwira ntchito pansipa. Tiyeneranso kuwonetsa momwe nthawi zina ogwirizanitsa amayesera kuthawa kugonjera kwa eni ake, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa chuma chatsopano chomwe, komabe, sichikhala chamagulu, koma m'malo mwake chimalamulidwa ndi gulu la ogwirizanitsa, ndi antchito otsalira.
Zomwe timanena, mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndikuti kuyang'ana kwamagulu awiri kutsindika okhawo omwe amapindula ndi omwe amagwira ntchito za malipiro sikutipatsa chithunzi chokwanira komanso cholondola cha chuma chathu. Zimatisokeretsa kuti tiyese kuwona chilichonse chokhudzana ndi katundu ndi ubale wa capitalist / antchito. Koma mamembala a gulu la ogwirizanitsa - madotolo, maloya, mamanenjala, akauntanti, mainjiniya, asayansi, ndi ena otero - si mtundu wina wa capitalist, ang'ono, kapena anzeru, kapena chilichonse. Komanso sali antchito amtundu wina, wotukuka bwino, koma akadali m'kalasi lomwelo. Iwo sali gawo linalake lolandidwa m'kalasi pamwambapa, kapena gawo lopindulitsa la kalasi ili pansipa, komanso si mtundu wina wa kusakaniza kwa ziwirizo. Ogwirizanitsa amadzitengera okha m'kalasi, mosiyana kwambiri ndi ogwira ntchito pansi ndi eni ake pamwamba omwe angawapangitse kulimbana nawo. Ngati malingaliro athu abisa chowonadi ichi, ndiye kuti malingaliro athu amatipangitsanso kuphonya zidziwitso zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, zomwe zidzamveka bwino tikamapitilira.
Koma ngakhale tsopano tikhoza kuzindikira kuti gulu la ogwirizanitsa likhoza kufotokozera zofuna zake kukhala pulogalamu yawoyawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri achita zomwezo - ngakhale kuwina chuma chinasintha chomwe iwo amalamulira m'malo mwa eni omwe polojekitiyi imawachotsa pochotsa umwini waumwini. katundu wopindulitsa - ngakhale pamene ogwirizanitsa akuyang'anira antchito omwe amakhalabe pansi.
Ili ndi tanthauzo lanyimbo yanyimbo, "bweretsa bwana watsopano, monga bwana wakale." M'malo mwake, bwana watsopanoyo ndi wofanana ndi bwana wakale pokhapokha ngati ali pamwamba pomwe antchito akadali pansi. Maziko enieni a ulamuliro wa bwana watsopano, ndi makhalidwe a bwana watsopano, amasintha ndi kusintha kuchoka ku capitalist kupita ku gulu lolamulira la wogwirizanitsa. Koma ponena za kuthetsa kugonjera, mwachiwonekere zotsatira zake zimakhala zosafunikira.
Ponena za magawo anayi a anthu, cholinga chathu pamene tikupitilira chikhala kumvetsetsa momwe tingakwaniritsire ntchito zawo zoyenera popanda kupanga magulu akale kapena atsopano a chuma, mphamvu, ulemu, udindo, chitonthozo, ndi zina zotero.
Kwa chuma, izi zikutanthauza kuti tikufuna kukhala opanda maphunziro. Koma simungachoke m'kalasi logawanika kukhala lopanda kalasi ngati mukulephera kuzindikira gulu lalikulu lomwe lingakhale gulu lolamulira latsopano. Uku sikungolingalira kovomerezeka kapena kulosera mwanzeru. Zimatsimikiziridwanso muzochitika mobwerezabwereza m'mbiri. Chimene chimatchedwa sosholizimu mโmbuyomu, chodzinenera kukhala chuma chotsogozedwa ndi zofuna za antchito ndi kulamulidwa ndi zilakolako za gulu la ogwira ntchito, kwenikweni chakhala chuma chimene chathetsa gulu la eni ake mwa kuthetsa udindo wokhala ndi malo antchito, koma. yasungabe magawo a ntchito ndi gulu la ogwirizanitsa, ndi gulu la ogwirizanitsa omwe amalamulira malo ogwira ntchito ndi chuma chonse.
Kufuna kusowa kalasi kumatanthauza kuti sitikufuna bwana watsopanoyu m'malo mwa bwana wakale. Choncho, tiyenera kukhala ndi gulu la ogwirizanitsa maganizo athu pa zomwe zilipo, zomwe tikufuna, ndi momwe tingakwaniritsire zolinga zathu. Tiyenera kuyang'ana momwe gulu la ogwirizanitsa limagwirizanirana ndi eni ake pamwamba ndi ogwira ntchito omwe ali pansipa mu chuma chathu chamakono. Tiyenera kuyang'ana momwe maubwenzi atsopano azachuma angathetsere kukhazikika pakulimbikitsa ntchito zomwe zimapanga gulu la ogwirizanitsa mu chuma chathu chamtsogolo. Ndipo tiyenera kufufuza momwe njira zathu ziyenera kukhalira ndi kalasi kuti tithetse bwino kugawanika kwa zinthu zokhudzana ndi ntchito za ulamuliro wamagulu, komanso zinthu zokhudzana ndi umwini wa ulamuliro wamagulu. Lingaliro lathu losinthidwa lidzakhudza masomphenya athu atsopano ndi njira zathu.
Kutsiliza
โAmbiri amene ndimamuona amadziwa zoona
koma sadziwa kuti akudziwa.โ
โ Woody Guthrie
M'mutu uno tazindikira kuti malingaliro otsutsana okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, ndi ubale ndi abwino kwambiri ndipo atha kuphatikizidwa mubokosi lathu lachida chakusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndikuwongolera pang'ono chabe, kuti tifotokozere bwino mutu wotsatira.
Kumbali inayi, tanenanso kufunika kokonzanso malingaliro akale osagwirizana ndi zachuma chifukwa amabisa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya gulu la ogwirizanitsa - komanso gawo la magawo a ntchito.
Kusintha anthu kumafuna kupezeka, kokwanira mokwanira, koma osati mochulukira mwatsatanetsatane malingaliro olondola pa zomwe zilipo, zomwe tikufuna, ndi njira zomwe zingatitengere kuchokera ku zakale kupita ku zomaliza.
Ndi mitu iwiri yomaliza, tazindikira magawo anayi ndi zochitika ziwiri komanso chigawo chapakati cha zigawo ndi mabungwe ena. Tawona kuti titha kubwereka kuchokera kuzidziwitso zakale kuti tiwonjezere kumvetsetsa kwathu kwa magawo atatu mwa magawo anayiwo ndikuti titha kubwereka zina komanso tiyenera kupanga zidziwitso zatsopano, kuti timvetsetse gawo lachinayi.
Tiyenera kuzindikira, komabe, kuti tikudziwanso kuti kugonana si chinthu chomwe chimapezeka m'nyumba. Komanso kusankhana mitundu sikumapezeka kokha m'malo antchito kapena kusinthanitsa msika. Komanso kusankhana mitundu kapena zochitika zina za m'deralo zimachitika m'mabungwe achikhalidwe okha. Ndiponso mphamvu zandale sizipezeka mโmaudindo a boma ndi maunansi okha.
Kuti tipite ku kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane komanso, m'kupita kwa nthawi, kupita ku masomphenya - ngakhale pamene tisiya mipata yambiri kuti tiganizire zamtsogolo - tiyenera tsopano kuyang'ana momwe magawo anayi amadumphadumpha ndikusintha pakapita nthawi, iliyonse ikukhudza ndikukhudzidwa ndi ena, kusintha ndi kusinthidwa, yomwe ndi mitu yomwe tidzakambirana mutu wotsatira.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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