Zaka khumi zapitazo, pamene Kate Starbird adaphunzira momwe mphekesera zimafalikira pa intaneti komanso momwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kuti amvetsetse zomwe zikuchitika panthawi yamavuto, woyambitsa nawo tsogolo la University of Washington. Center for Public Information sankadziwa kuti akhoza kukhala chandamale cha zochitika zakuda ndi khalidwe lomwe amaphunzira.
Starbird, womaliza maphunziro a sayansi ya kompyuta payunivesite ya Stanford amene anakhala katswiri woseŵera mpira wa basketball, anali atabwerera kusukulu monga katswiri wa “zovuta informatics.” Munda womwe ukubwerawu umayang'ana momwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito zidziwitso zapaintaneti ndi kulumikizana kuti ayankhe pazochitika zosatsimikizika komanso zachisokonezo. Starbird poyamba adayang'ana momwe malo ochezera a pa Intaneti angathandizire pamavuto. Koma iye ndi anzake anakopeka kwambiri ndi mphekesera zabodza kutuluka ndi kufalikira. Anatsimikizira zomwe ambiri aife takhala tikuzikayikira kwa nthawi yayitali. Zolakwika pa intaneti amayendera kuyenda kutali komanso mwachangu kuposa zowona ndi kukonza. “[B]kuwerenga nkhani” Nkhani zambiri zimakulitsa mphekesera. Anthu omwe amakopeka ndi nkhani zabodza akhoza kudzikonza okha, koma osati kale kufalitsa iwo.
Malingaliro amenewo anali odabwitsa mokwanira. Koma monga Starbird ndi anzake adatembenukira kutsatira kuukira kwa pambuyo pa 2020 pazisankho zaku America ndi a Donald Trump, a copycat Republican, ndi atolankhani akumanja, sanali kuyang'ananso zakusintha kwazabodza komanso kusokoneza chitetezo chamaphunziro. Mwa kuwunika mamiliyoni a ma tweets, zolemba za Facebook, makanema a YouTube, ndi masamba a Instagram a zonena zabodza komanso zopanda umboni, ndi kuchenjeza mapulatifomu ndi akuluakulu a federal cybersecurity za zitsanzo zovuta kwambiri, Starbird ndi anzake posakhalitsa adapezeka kuti ali pamtanda wa arch Trump okhulupirika. Iwo ankawaganizira komanso kuwazunza monga oyang'anira zisankho mdziko lonse.
Starbird adakokedwa kale zofufuza za Congress motsogozedwa ndi Woimira Ohio GOP Jim Jordan. Akaunti yake ya imelo yaku University of Washington imayang'aniridwa ndi zopempha zambiri za anthu. Monga iye ndi ena mayunivesite anali adatsutsidwa, iye ndi anzake ankathera nthaŵi yambiri ndi maloya kuposa ophunzira. Nthawi zina, ziwopsezozi zidagwira ntchito, pomwe anzawo adatengera "njira yokhazikitsira chete," Starbird idafotokozanso munkhani yayikulu ku Stanford Internet Observatory's. Msonkhano wa 2023 Trust and Safety Research mu September. Kuyankha kumeneku, ngakhale kuli komveka, sikunali njira yabwino yothanirana ndi anthu ofalitsa nkhani zabodza, adatero, kapena kudziwitsa anthu za zidziwitso zazikulu za ntchito yawo - ndimomwe zikhulupiriro zolakwika kapena zabodza zimapangidwira pa intaneti, komanso chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuzigwedeza.
"Anzathu ena adaganiza kuti asatsatire zabodza zomwe tidadzinenera tokha," adatero Starbird - monga zoneneza zomwe akuti adagwirizana ndi boma kuti aletse zolankhula zakumanja. “Sindikuganiza kuti akanayenera kupita mwachindunji kwa anthu amene ankawanena. Koma tinkafunika kudziwitsa anthu za choonadi… Mauthenga olakwika pa intaneti, mabodza, chinyengo; adakalibe vuto lalikulu kwa anthu.”
Patangotha sabata imodzi kuchokera pomwe kuvota kwa Novembala 2023 kudatha, nkhani zomwe zidakhala nkhani zambiri zidatsimikizira mfundo yake. Kupambana kwaufulu wakubala ndikukumbatira ma Democrat, motsogozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero ya ovota odana ndi MAGA, anali asanafotokozedwe ndi anthu a Trump asanatenge mitu yankhani pophwanya miyambo yandale yaku America.
Mukulankhula kwa Tsiku la Veterans, pazosintha zonse, Trump, yemwe ndi kutsogolera 2024 Republican pulezidenti, anaukira adani ake apakhomo ndi mawu otsanzira Olamulira ankhanza a ku Ulaya a fascist kuti Amereka anagonjetsa m’Nkhondo Yadziko II. A Trump adatcha omwe amamutsutsa kunyumba kuti ndi "mbozi," ndipo adalonjeza kuti, ngati atasankhidwanso, agwiritsa ntchito Unduna wa Zachilungamo "kuwaphwanya". Ngakhale New York Times adatchulidwa kufanana kwa mawu a Trump kwa Adolph Hitler ndi Benito Mussolini.
Kuphulika kwa Trump kunali chimodzi mwazochitika zambiri zomwe zachititsa kuti oteteza zisankho ndi akatswiri abodza kunena kuti nkhawa zawo zazikulu za zisankho za 2024 zikukhudza kufikira kwabodza kapena zabodza, zabodza komanso zabodza - komanso mphamvu yake yokopa kuti iwumbe zandale, zikhulupiriro, malingaliro, ndi kuyambitsa zochita.
"Si chinsinsi kuti aku Republican ali ndi njira yofalikira yofooketsa demokalase yathu. Koma izi ndi zomwe ndikuda nkhawa nazo kwambiri pazisankho za 2024 - kusamala zisankho, "Marc Elias, loya wamkulu wa Democratic Party, adatero kumapeto kwa Okutobala kwa "Defending Democracy" Podcast. "Kusamala pachisankho, kunena momveka bwino, ndi pamene anthu kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono amachita zinthu mosagwirizana ndi anthu ovota, kuwopseza anthu ovota, kufalitsa nkhani zabodza, kapena kutsutsa ovota."
Elias watha zaka zambiri akutsutsa tsatanetsatane woyendetsa zisankho. Kuyambira 2020, mayiko ambiri oyendetsedwa ndi Republican apereka malamulo kupangitsa kuvota kukhala kovutirapo, kuletsa ovota ndi mavoti, kukakamiza omenyera ufulu kuti apange zazikulu, ndikutsutsa malamulo ovota aboma. Maiko otsogozedwa ndi demokalase apita mbali ina, ndikupanga mayiko awiri aku America pankhani yoyendetsa zisankho. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, womenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe uyu wakuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi zilakolako zachigawenga zomwe zikuyenda mop kuposa ndewu zaposachedwa zankhondo yapakhothi. Ndipo sali yekha.
"Ndi malingaliro a ovota," adayankha mlembi wa boma ku Michigan Jocelyn Benson, wa Democrat, atafunsidwa 2023 Aspen Cyber Summit ku New York City za chiwopsezo chachikulu pakuvomerezeka kwa zisankho za 2024. Benson anatsindika kuti sikunali kudalirika kwa kachitidwe kavoti kapena kuphwanya cybersecurity. "Ndi chisokonezo, chipwirikiti, kugawikana, komanso malingaliro odzipatula omwe ochita zoyipa akuyesera kukulitsa nzika zathu."
Information ndi Psychology
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zikupangitsa kuti anthu asokonezeke m'manja chifukwa chotheka kuti mphekesera zandale, zidziwitso zabodza, kutanthauzira molakwika, komanso chinyengo mwadala zitenga gawo lalikulu pazisankho zaku America za 2024. Ophunzira ngati Starbird, omwe ntchito yawo yakhala ikuwongolera, amakhalabe akuwukiridwa. Ena mwamalo ochezera akulu kwambiri, motsogozedwa ndi X—omwe kale anali Twitter—abwerera mmbuyo kapena kumatumbo zoyeserera zapolisi. Mapulatifomu, nawonso, akuphatikiza zinthu zopangidwa mwanzeru, zomwe ena mwa ofufuza omwewa. asonyeza akhoza kupanga nkhani zonga nyuzipepala zimene anthu ambiri amati n’zokopa.
Kuphatikiza apo, US ikuchita nawo nkhondo zotsutsana ku Ukraine ndi Israeli zomwe zikuyambitsa mikangano yapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zitha kukopa maboma akunja omwe adalowa nawo zisankho zaposachedwa zapurezidenti kuti ayang'ane magulu ovota m'mabwalo ankhondo a 2024, akatswiri pa Aspen Cyber Summit adatero. Ndipo kunyumba, zoyesayesa zaboma zothetsa zisankho ndi katemera wokhudzana ndi katemera zachepa, popeza okhulupilira a Trump akudzudzula zomwe zachitika potsata malamulo osagwirizana ndi malamulo ndikuzenga mlandu. Milandu yotsogozedwa ndi GOP iyi yapangitsa kuti zigamulo zosemphana ndi makhothi a federal zomwe sizinathe kuthetsedwa, koma zimakulitsa kusakhulupirirana.
"Ndizodetsa nkhawa kwambiri za 2024: Kuti mabungwe ndi ena omwe amawunika ndikudziwitsa nzika zabodza komanso zidziwitso zabodza pamasankho azichotsa zida, poyang'anizana ndi kuzunzidwa komanso kuzunzidwa," tweeted David Becker-yemwe amayendetsa Center for Election Innovation and Research ndi omwe kuteteza kwa akuluakulu a zisankho kwamupangitsa kukhala chandamale cha anthu okhulupilika a Trump-popereka ndemanga pambuyo pa Tsiku la zisankho la November 2023.
Zomwe sizikukambidwa pang'ono m'machenjezowa ndi chingachitidwe kumasula zokopa za pa intaneti. Funso limenelo, lomwe limakhudza kuyanjana kwa zidziwitso zoperekedwa pakompyuta ndi momwe timaganizira ndikuchita, ndipamene zidziwitso zochokera ku kafukufuku waukatswiri zimamveketsa bwino komanso zothandiza.
Debunking disinformation sikufanana ndi kusintha malingaliro, ofufuza ambiri pamsonkhano waposachedwa wa Trust and Safety adafotokoza. Kumvetsetsa uku kwawoneka ngati ziwopsezo zapaintaneti zasintha kuyambira chisankho chapurezidenti cha 2016. Chaka chimenecho, pamene ogwira ntchito ku Russia adapanga anthu ndi masamba abodza pa Facebook ndi kwina kulikonse kuti alepheretse ma blocs akuluakulu a demokalase kuti asavote, kuchuluka kwamavuto ndi yankho lomwe limakhudza kwambiri chitetezo cha pa intaneti, Starbird adakumbukira m'mawu ake ofunikira pamsonkhano.
Panthawiyo, mankhwalawo anali kupeza njira zaukadaulo zowonera mwachangu ndikutseka maakaunti abodza ndi masamba abodza. Pofika zisankho za 2020, vuto ndi machitidwe ake zidasintha. Nkhani zabodza zinali zochokera m’magwero a m’nyumba. Purezidenti ndi ogwirizana nawo anali anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maakaunti enieni ochezera. Trump adapanga mawu. Osonkhezera—anthu a kumanja, akatswiri, ndi ma TV—anatsatira zimene iye ananena. Anthu wamba aku America sanangokhulupirira zonena zawo zolakwika kapena zabodza, ndikuthandiza kuzifalitsa, koma ena ampatuko a Trump adapita patsogolo ndikukankhira zisankho zomwe abedwa kukhala ziwembu zazikulu komanso zopangidwa umboni wabodza.
Akatswiri a propaganda tsopano akuwona kuti kufalitsa nkhani zabodza ngati chinthu chothandizira nawo. Pali zambiri zomwe zikuchitika kuposa kungonena kuti zolakwika kapena zabodza zimapangidwa mwadala, zimafalitsidwa mwadala, ndikuchitidwa mwadala, Starbird ndi ena adafotokoza. Kuyamba, disinformation si nthawi zonse zabodza kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri imakhala nkhani yomangidwa mozungulira chowonadi kapena zochitika zomveka, adatero, koma "yosanjikiza ndi kukokomeza ndi kupotoza kuti apange lingaliro labodza."
Komanso, ma disinformation "simagwira ntchito kawirikawiri" ngati chinthu chimodzi. Ndi gawo limodzi la zokambirana kapena kampeni yopitilira - monga kunena mobwerezabwereza kwa Trump kuti zisankho zabedwa. Chofunikira, ngakhale kuti mabodza ndi mabodza nthawi zambiri amakambidwa ngati chinyengo, Starbird adati "mukayang'ana makampeni opha anthu pa intaneti, zambiri zomwe zimafalitsidwa sizichokera kwa anthu - omwe ali gawo lawo [kampeni yabodza. ], zimachokera kwa ochita zisudzo osadziŵa kapena okhulupirira moona mtima zimene zili mkatimo.”
Mphamvu zosanjikiza izi zimasokoneza mizere pakati pa zomwe zili chidziwitso ndi zamalingaliro. Zomwe zimaseweredwa ndi monga momwe zowonera koyamba, zokumbukira, ndi zikhulupiriro zingasemphane ndi chowonadi chenicheni - kapena kuziphimba. Starbird anatchula chitsanzo chimodzi chimene waphunzira. Mu 2020 ku Arizona ku Maricopa County, kwawo ku Phoenix, otsatira a Trump adamva kwa miyezi ingapo kuti chisankho cha Novembala chitha kubedwa. Ataona kuti zolembera zina zoperekedwa kwa ovota zidatuluka magazi kudzera pamavoti awo, zomwe zidayambitsa mantha komanso zomwe zimatchedwa "Sharpiegate” chiwembu chinatulukira ndipo chinafalikira. Akuluakulu a zisankho anafotokoza kuti mavoti amasindikizidwa m’njira yoti voti palibe amene angadziwike kapena kuwerengedwa molakwika. Koma izi zidangosokoneza malingaliro olakwika komanso zabodza zoti chisankho chapulezidenti chikubedwa pamaso pawo.
"Nthawi zina zabodza zimayimira umboni wabodza, ngakhale [umboni] wosamveka bwino kapena zabodza zakuya [mawu abodza, zithunzi kapena kanema], kapena chilichonse," adatero Starbird. Koma kaŵirikaŵiri, chidziŵitso chonama chimabwera m’njira ya kunenera molakwa, kutanthauzira molakwa, ndi kutanthauzira molakwa… ndipo mafelemu amenewo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mwaluso ndi ochita ndale komanso kampeni. ”
Mu 2023, owonetsa pa intaneti sayenera kutchulanso mafelemu oyambitsa, adatero, monga omvera awo akuwadziwa kale. Osonkhezera atha kufunsa mafunso, mosankha umboni wowonekera, ndipo modziwa—mongoyang’ana ndi kugwedeza mutu—kupanga mgwirizano pamene ochita mwanzeru ndi mosadziwa amapanga ndi kufalitsa nkhani zabodza ndi ziganizo. Kuphatikiza apo, kamangidwe kaukadaulo wama media ochezera - pomwe nsanja sizimangokhala ogwiritsa ntchito potengera zolemba zawo, ndipo mbiriyo imathandizira kusintha ndikutumiza zomwe mukufuna - ndichinthu china chomwe chimakulitsa kufalikira kwake.
Chidule cha Starbird cha kusinthika kwa disinformation ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zomwe amamva m'magulu achisankho, pomwe akuluakulu amapewa kupereka ndemanga pagulu pazokonda zandale. Koma sanali wofufuza yekhayo amene adazindikira momwe zolakwika ndi zosokoneza zitha kuwonekera mu 2024. Eviane Leidig, mnzake wapasukulu yapayunivesite ya Tilburg ku Netherlands, adalongosola njira ina pamsonkhano pomwe "nkhani zolimbikitsa anthu komanso nkhani zolembera anthu ntchito" zikubisala poyera: mawebusayiti otsogozedwa ndi anthu.
Leidig adawonetsa masamba omwe akuwoneka kuti alibe vuto kuchokera kwa olimbikitsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito "makhalidwe odziwika bwino, odalirika, opezeka, komanso omvera omvera awo kuti akulitse lingaliro laubwenzi." Pamene amagawana nkhani zawo, Leidig adawonetsa nthawi zina pomwe malingaliro onyanyira a anthu okhudzidwa adasefukira ndikukhala gawo lachidziwitso cha anthu ammudzi. "Mauthengawa [ndi] kugulitsa moyo ndi malingaliro kuti apange kudziwika pakati pagulu," adatero, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhala "zovomerezeka ndi zovomerezeka ...
Zowona kuti zinthu zambiri zimapanga zikhulupiriro, umunthu, dera, komanso kudzimva kuti ndinu munthu wofunika kumatanthauza kuti kumasula mphekesera zabodza, malingaliro olakwika, ndi mabodza - inde, kusintha malingaliro - ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa kungofotokoza zenizeni, adatero. Cristina López G., katswiri wamkulu pa graphika, omwe amajambula malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, panthawi yomwe amalankhula za zochitika zachiwawa pa intaneti pa 2023 Trust and Safety Research Conference.
López G. adaphunzira momwe ena mwa okonda pa intaneti a Taylor Swift amazunza komanso kuzunza ena chifukwa chonena kuti nyenyeziyo ndi yogonana—kaya anali “mwachinsinsi queer.” A "Gaylor," omwe amakhulupirira kuti Swift anali amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, adagawana "malangizo a momwe angatetezere kusadziwika kwawo pa intaneti," adatero López G.. Iwo ankazunza anzawo mosadziwika bwino. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito chinenero chachinsinsi. Iwo ankatsutsa ena. Makhalidwe awo ndi machitidwe awo ngati gulu la anthu sizosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zingawonekere pa nsanja za pro-Trump zomwe zidaukira ma RINOs - kunyoza kwa "Republicans in Name Only" - kapena wina aliyense kunja kwa gulu lawo.
"Fandoms ndi ma microcosms a intaneti," adatero López G.. "Mamembala awo amayendetsedwa ndi zomwe aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, zomwe zimangokhazikitsa ulamuliro wawo, ndikuteteza zomwe amakhulupirira mdera lawo, ndipo zikhulupiriro zimalumikizana kwambiri ndi omwe ali pa intaneti ... omwe amawazindikira kuti ali pa intaneti."
Mwanjira ina, kusintha malingaliro sikophweka kapena mwachangu, ndipo, m'magulu ambiri, sikulandiridwa.
“Zomwe zikutanthawuza n’zakuti zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi sizisintha kwambiri chikhulupiriro chimenechi,” López G. anamaliza motero, akuwonjezera kuti zimene ananenazi zikukhudzanso magulu andale. “Mukasintha zikhulupiriro, simulinso m’dera limenelo… ndi 'chiyani sichoncho?' Ndi anzathu omwe tidapeza nawo panjira.
"Mukangoyamba kuwona chodabwitsa ichi kudzera m'magalasi [kumene ma disinformation ndi ogwirizana komanso mafuko], mumazindikira kuti zili paliponse," adatero Starbird.
'Counter-influencers'
Pamsonkhano wa Aspen Cyber Summit, gulu la zisankho lidapereka lingaliro lanzeru la njira zomwe zidachitika munthawi ya Trump, komanso zovuta zomwe oteteza zisankho mkati ndi kunja kwa boma mu 2024.
Mpaka pano, kuyankha kwenikweni kwakhala pawiri. Monga Chris Krebs anafotokozera, "Nkhondo yachidziwitso ili ndi mizati iwiri. Chimodzi ndi luso lachidziwitso; chinacho ndi chidziwitso cha psychological." Krebs adayendetsa CISA-US Cybersecurity and Infidence Security Agency- pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Trump. Adachotsedwa ntchito pambuyo pa Tsiku lachisankho la 2020 kutumizanso kuti chisankhocho chinali “chotetezedwa kwambiri m’mbiri ya America.” Monga momwe adauzira omvera, "Inalinso chisankho chomwe chinali ndi milandu yambiri. Chisankho chofufuzidwa kwambiri. Chisankho chofufuzidwa kwambiri. Ndikhoza kupitiriza. ”…
Pambali ya "chidziwitso chaukadaulo", Krebs adati akuluakulu aphunzira kuteteza makompyuta ndi deta. Panalibe chisonyezero chakuti aliyense anasokoneza makompyuta a m’madera ena m’zaka zaposachedwapa. Koma izi zidachitika makamaka m'maofesi aboma komanso popanda zitseko. Sizinayamikizidwe mokwanira ndi ovota, makamaka ndi anthu omwe sakhulupirira kuti mbali yawo idatayika.
M'malo mwake, zomwe ovota okhumudwa ambiri adaziwona pakuchita zisankho zatengera kusatetezeka kwawo - monga chitsanzo cha Starbird's Sharpiegate. Mwanjira ina, kupambana kwaukadaulo kwasinthidwa ndi zomwe Krebs adazitcha "zazamisala zamaganizidwe." Njira yothetsera vutoli, iye ndi ena anati, ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa mabodza kumbali zonse ziwiri.
Zina mwazovutazi zimakhalabe zaukadaulo, monga kukhala ndi olumikizana nawo pamapulatifomu omwe amatha kuyika kapena kuchotsa zinthu zabodza, adatero. Koma yankho lomwe lingakhale lothandiza kwambiri, makamaka ndi kusokoneza mphamvu zamatenda abodza, zimadalira kulimbikitsa zomwe Leidig adazitcha "otsutsa," komanso zomwe akuluakulu azisankho amatcha "mawu odalirika." Mawu awa ndi anthu odalirika m'madera, pa intaneti kapena ayi, omwe anganene kuti "osati mofulumira kwambiri," ateteze ndondomeko ya demokalase, ndipo mwachiyembekezo adzamvedwa maganizo asanapondereze mfundo kapena kusokoneza.
"Zida zonse zomwe tikufunikira kuti tilimbikitse zisankho zathu zilipo," adatero Benson pamsonkhanowu. "Tiyenera kungowapeza - osati m'manja mwa mawu odalirika, koma ndikulankhulana bwino ndi anthu omwe akufunika kuwamva."
Koma Benson, yemwe ziyembekezo zake zikufanana ndi zomwe zinamveka kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a zisankho m'dziko lonselo, adawonetsa nkhope yolimba mtima. Posakhalitsa adauza omvera kuti kubwezera mphekesera zothawirako sikunali kophweka - ndipo adati akuluakulu akufunika thandizo.
"Tikufuna thandizo kuti tipeze mawu odalirika," adatero Benson. "Chachiwiri, tikufuna thandizo, makamaka kuchokera kumakampani aukadaulo pozindikira zabodza ndikuzichotsa. Tikudziwa kuti tili kutali kwambiri ndi izi kuposa momwe takhala tikusinthira kwazaka zingapo zapitazi. Koma nthawi yomweyo, pomwe nzeru zopangira zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziwonjezeke mokulira komanso kufikira kwa zabodza, timafunikira ogwira nawo ntchito zatekinoloje kuti atithandize kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa ndikuchepetsa mwachangu vuto lililonse. ”
Komabe, iye ananena za kupita patsogolo. Nyumba yamalamulo yaku Michigan, ngati mayiko ochepa, zadutsa posachedwa malamulo ofunikira kuwululidwa kwa chilichonse chopangidwa ndi AI muzoyankhulana zamasankho. Imaphwanya malamulo pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zabodza kapena mawu abodza. Bungwe la Congress, mosiyana, silinachitepo kanthu-ndipo mwina silingatero 2024 isanafike. kuyika malire pakugwiritsa ntchito AI. Ngakhale nsanja zazikuluzikulu zitha kutsata zolemba ndi zofunikira zina, ndale zowopsa za 2024 sizingalephereke.
Ndipo kotero, Benson ndi ena ayesera kukhala ngati konkire momwe angathere potchula ziwopsezo zomveka. Mu November, iye adanena Bungwe la AI la Senate ya ku United States ayenera "kuyembekezera" AI kugwiritsidwa ntchito "kugawa, kunyenga, ndi kuchotsa anthu ovota m'dziko lathu lonse chaka chamawa." Izi zinaphatikizapo kupanga mauthenga onama osakhala achingelezi kwa ovota ochepa, kusokoneza anthu akuluakulu a zisankho, ndi kupanga zofufuza zolakwika pofuna kuchotsa ovota.
Koma kutsutsa mabodza akadali kukwera. Ngakhale AI isanadze, zisankho za zisankho zinali zofunika kwambiri chifukwa anthu samadziwa momwe zisankho zimayendera - palibe chidziwitso chochepa chokana zonena zachisankho ndikuzindikira chowonadi. Kuphatikiza apo, zilakolako zandale zafika pachimake m'zaka zapurezidenti, ndipo zisankho zilizonse zimakhala ndi zolakwika zingapo za ogwira ntchito omwe amakhazikitsa zida zomwe zimayang'ana ovota, oponya mavoti, ndikuwerengera mavoti. Chisankho cha Novembala ichi sichinatero, malinga ndi izi kuwerengera zolakwika pakuwongolera ndi ElectionLine.org. Pambuyo pa kutayika kwa Trump 2020, kugwira ntchito zolakwa ngati izi-zimene zinapangitsa kuti mavoti ena awerengedwe molakwika chisanapezeke ndi kukonzedwanso - adamasuliridwa molakwika, osadziwika bwino, ndipo adakhala chakudya chamagulu ake omwe adabedwa. Zolemba zomwezo pamwamba pake pambuyo pa kugwa uku snafus.
Monga akatswiri ofufuza zamavuto ngati Starbird ali nawo zatsimikiziridwa, kukayikira kumakwiya msanga kuposa kukhulupirirana. Komanso zilembo ndi kufufuza zenizeni zokha sizisintha malingaliro. Pamsonkhano wa cyber, Rafi Krikorian, CTO ku Emerson Collective, maziko achifundo-omwe adagwira nawo gawo la Democratic National Committee panthawi ya chisankho cha pulezidenti wapitawo - adanenanso mfundo yomweyi.
"Dongosolo lathu lachisankho, m'njira zambiri, limamangidwa pakukhulupirirana - monga timakhulupirira kuti magawo ambiri amakanika adzagwira ntchito limodzi," adatero. “Pali anthu ambiri okhudzidwa. Sikuti zonse zalembedwa. Chifukwa chake, [ngati pali] kusweka kulikonse mudongosolo, ndikosavuta kusiya kudalira dongosolo lonse. ”
Krikorian, yemwe amakhala ndi Collective "Mwaukadaulo Woyembekezera” Podcast, anali ndi nkhawa za 2024. Potembenukira ku Benson, adanena kuti kafukufuku wake wokhudza "kumene anthu [ku Michigan] akupeza chidziwitso chawo," akuwonetsa kuti akuchulukirachulukira kuchokera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono komanso osadziwika bwino pa intaneti. Ena pamsonkhanowo adawona kuti anthu akutembenukira ku njira zobisika ngati WhatsApp kuti adziwe zambiri zandale. M'mawu ena, njira zokopa zimawoneka ngati zikusintha.
"Timawononga nthawi yathu mwina m'malo olakwika," adatero Krikorian. "Tiyenera kuwononga nthawi yathu pamapulatifomu ena ang'onoang'ono ndi omwe akubwera, omwenso alibe antchito, alibe mphamvu, alibe anthu ndi zinthu zofunika kuti apange. ndikutsimikiza kuti ali otetezeka pakuchitapo kanthu."
Komabe, njira yomwe Benson ankangokhalira kubwererako inali mawu odalirika akumaloko. Mwachitsanzo, ofesi yake yaika anthu owonerera pa mtunda wa makilomita 5 kuchokera pamalo aliwonse oponya voti kuti afufuze vuto lililonse kapena zonena zake. Ananenanso kuti wakhala akukambirana ndi “atsogoleri achipembedzo, atsogoleri amasewera, atsogoleri abizinesi, ndi atsogoleri ammudzi za momwe angatengere nawo mbali komanso kukhulupirira zisankho zathu.”
"AI ndi teknoloji yatsopano, koma yankho ndi lachikale-ndikukhazikitsa mawu odalirika omwe anthu angatembenukire kuti adziwe zolondola," adatero Benson. "Zonsezi, zonse zomwe tikukamba, ndi za kunyenga anthu, kunyenga ovota omwe amatsatira chinyengo chimenecho."
Koma mphekesera, malingaliro olakwika, kulakwitsa, chinyengo, mabodza, ndi ziwawa zandale ndi zakale monga America momwe, monga momwe akatswiri a mbiri yakale andale monga Heather Cox Richardson adachitira. adatchulidwa. Palibe yankho losavuta kapena limodzi, adatero Starbird. Komabe, adamaliza adilesi yake yaku Stanford ndi "kuyitanira kuchitapo kanthu" kulimbikitsa aliyense kuti awonjezere zomwe akuchita mu 2024.
"Sitithetsa vutolo ndi nkhani zabodza, zabodza, zachinyengo ... ndi zilembo zatsopano, kapena maphunziro atsopano, kapena pulogalamu yatsopano yofufuza," adauza akatswiri ofufuza zachitetezo. "Ziyenera kukhala zonse zomwe tafotokozazi ... zikhala zinthu zosiyanasiyana izi zikubwera kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana."
Steven Rosenfeld ndi mkonzi komanso mtolankhani wamkulu wa Malo Ovotera, ndi polojekiti ndi Independent Media Institute. Wanenapo za National Public Radio, Marketplace, ndi Christian Science Monitor Radio, komanso zofalitsa zambiri zomwe zikupita patsogolo kuphatikiza Salon, AlterNet, American Prospect, The Washington Monthly, ndi ena ambiri.
Nkhaniyi idapangidwa ndi Malo Ovotera, ndi polojekiti ndi Independent Media Institute.
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