Pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe munganene kwa otsutsa Holocaust: osachepera amadziwa zomwe akukana. Kuti apitirize mabodza amene amanena, ayenera kumanama kwambiri. Kuti athetse nkhanza zachitsamunda za Britain, palibe kuyesayesa koteroko kumafunika. Anthu ambiri amaoneka kuti sadziwa kuti chilichonse chiyenera kukanidwa.
Nkhani ya ufumu wabwino wa imperialism, yomwe cholinga chake chachikulu sichinali kulanda malo, ntchito ndi katundu koma kuphunzitsa nzika zachingerezi, machitidwe a patebulo ndi kusunga mabuku kawiri, ndi nthano yomwe yafalitsidwa mosamala ndi atolankhani a rightwing. Koma imakoka mphamvu zake kuchokera kudziko lodabwitsa lomwe limatha kusokoneza komanso kunyalanyaza zakale.
mavumbulutso a sabata yatha, kuti Boma la Britain linawononga mwadongosolo zikalatazo kufotokoza kuzunzidwa kwa anthu ake atsamunda, ndi kuti Ofesi Yachilendo ndiye inanama za chinsinsi cha mafayilo omwe ali ndi mavumbulutso ocheperako, ndi mfundo iliyonse nkhani yaikulu. Koma mwina ananyalanyazidwa kapena kutumizidwa ku mawu am'munsi ndi ambiri a British press. Sindinathe kupeza kutchulidwa kulikonse kwachinsinsi chachinsinsi patsamba la Telegraph. Kufotokozera kokha kwa Mail, momwe ndingadziwire, kunalilingaliro la wolemba mbiri wotchedwa Lawrence James, omwe adagwiritsa ntchito nthawiyi kuti atsimikizire kuti zofooka zilizonse mu kayendetsedwe ka midzi ndi ntchito ya "kuwaza anthu olakwika, osayenerera ndi ovutitsa", pamene ena onse anali "odzipereka, okhulupirika ndi olangidwa".
Boma la Britain kuletsa umboni sikunali kofunikira. Ngakhale zolembedwa zamilandu zazikulu zikachuluka, sizimatsutsidwa koma zimangonyalanyazidwa. M'nkhani ya Daily Mail mu 2010, mwachitsanzo, wolemba mbiri Dominic Sandbrook adalengeza kuti "Ulamuliro wa Britain umadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kulolerana, ulemu komanso kutsata malamuloโฆ Ndiponso Britain sinakumane ndi zizunzo zoopsa zomwe zinachitika ku Algeria ya ku France.โ Kodi akanathadi kusadziwa mbiri imene akukana?
Caroline Elkins, pulofesa wa pa Harvard, anatha pafupifupi zaka 10 akusonkhanitsa umboni wopezeka mโbuku lake. Gulag waku Britain: Kutha Kwankhanza kwa Ufumu ku Kenya. Anayamba kafukufuku wake ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti nkhani yaku Britain yoletsa kuwukira kwa Mau Mau a Kikuyu m'zaka za m'ma 1950 inali yolondola. Kenako adapeza kuti zolemba zambiri zidawonongeka. Anagwira ntchito m'malo osungiramo zakale omwe adatsala, ndipo adachita zoyankhulana kwa maola 600 ndi opulumuka a Kikuyu - zigawenga ndi okhulupirika - ndi alonda aku Britain, okhalamo ndi akuluakulu. Bukhu lake ndi lathunthu komanso lolembedwa bwino. Inapambana mphoto ya Pulitzer. Koma ponena za Sandbrook, James ndi ena opepesera achifumu, mwina sizinalembedwepo.
Elkins akuwulula kuti a British sanatseke Chikikuyu 80,000, monga momwe mbiri yakale imakhalira, koma pafupifupi chiwerengero chonse cha anthu miliyoni imodzi ndi theka, m'misasa ndi midzi yotetezedwa. Kumeneko, zikwi zambiri anamenyedwa mpaka kufa kapena kufa chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya mโthupi, typhoid, chifuwa chachikulu ndi kamwazi. Mโmisasa ina pafupifupi ana onse anafa.
Akaidiwo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akapolo. Pamwamba pa zipatazo panali mawu olimbikitsa, monga โNtchito ndi ufuluโ ndi โIye amene adzithandiza yekha adzathandizidwaโ. Zokuzira mawu zimaulutsa nyimbo yafuko ndi mawu olimbikitsa kukonda dziko lako. Anthu amene ankawaona kuti sanamvere malamulowo anaphedwa pamaso pa anzawo. Opulumukawo anakakamizika kukumba manda ochuluka, amene anadzazidwa mwamsanga. Pokhapokha ngati muli ndi mimba yamphamvu ndikukulangizani kuti mudumphe ndime yotsatira.
Kufunsidwa mafunso mozunzidwa kunali kofala. Ambiri mwa amunawa anagwiriridwa ndi mipeni, mabotolo osweka, migolo yamfuti, njoka ndi zinkhanira. Njira imene ankaikonda kwambiri inali kugwirizira munthu chafufumimba, mutu wake mโchidebe chamadzi, pamene mchenga ankauthira mโkhoko ndi ndodo. Azimayi ankagwiriridwa ndi gulu la alonda. Anthu anaphwanyidwa ndi agalu komanso kuwaombera ndi magetsi. Anthu a ku Britain anapanga chida chapadera chimene ankagwiritsa ntchito poyamba kuphwanya kenako nโkungโamba machende. Anagwiritsa ntchito pliers podula mabere a akazi. Anadula makutu ndi zala za akaidi nโkukutumula maso. Anakokera anthu kumbuyo kwa Land Rover mpaka matupi awo anasweka. Amuna anakulungidwa ndi waya wamingaminga nโkukankhidwa mozungulira pabwalopo.
Elkins amapereka umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti zoopsa za m'misasa zinavomerezedwa pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Bwanamkubwa wa dziko la Kenya, Sir Evelyn Baring, ankalowererapo nthawi zonse pofuna kuti olakwawo asaweruzidwe. Mlembi wachitsamunda, Alan Lennox-Boyd, ananamiza Nyumba ya Malamulo mobwerezabwereza. Uwu ndi mlandu waukulu, wochitika mwadongosolo womwe sunawerengedwepo.
Osatengera. Ngakhale amene amavomereza kuti chinachake chinachitika amalemba ngati Elkins ndi ntchito yake kulibe. Mu Telegraph, a Daniel Hannan akuti anthu khumi ndi mmodzi okha adamenyedwa mpaka kufa. Kupatula apo,"Zigawenga 1,090 zidapachikidwa ndipo pafupifupi 71,000 adamangidwa popanda chifukwa".
Anthu a ku Britain sanawerenge matupi awo, ndipo ambiri amene anaphedwa anaikidwa mโmanda osadziwika bwino. Koma nโzoonekeratu kuti anthu masauzande ambiri, mwinanso masauzande mazanamazana, achikikuyu anafera mโmisasa komanso pa nthawi yozungulira. Hannan's ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zowonekera bwino za revisionism zomwe ndidakumana nazo.
Popanda kufotokoza tanthauzo la zimenezi, Lawrence James akuvomereza kuti โnjira zokhwimaโ nthawi zina zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma akunenabe kuti โpamene a Mau Mau ankaopseza anthu a mtundu wa Kikuyu, madokotala ochita opaleshoni ya ziweto ku Utumiki wa Atsamunda ankaphunzitsa anthu amitundu mmene angathanirane ndi mliri wa ngโombe.โ Kubedwa kwa nthaka ndi ziweto za Akikuyu, njala ndi kuphana, kuthandiza anthu a mtundu wa Kikuyu pofuna kuyesa kupezanso malo awo ndi ufulu wawo wa Mau Mau: zonse zikusowa. Amuna onsewa akutsimikizira kuti boma la Britain lidachitapo kanthu kuti liyimitse nkhanza zilizonse zikangowululidwa.
Chomwe ndimapeza chodabwitsa sikuti amalemba zinthu zotere, koma kuti zosokonezazi sizingatsutsidwe. Nthano zaufumu zakhazikitsidwa bwino kwambiri kotero kuti timawoneka kuti timafafaniza nkhani zotsutsa monga momwe zimafotokozedwera. Monga umboni wochokera ku njala zopangidwa ku India za m'ma 1870 komanso kuchokera ku chithandizo cha madera ena akuwunjikana, ufumu wa Britain ukuwoneka ngati wabwinoko ndipo nthawi zina woipa kwambiri kuposa ulamuliro wa imperialism wochitidwa ndi mayiko ena. Komabe nthano ya ntchito yotukuka imakhalabe yosatsutsika ndi umboni.
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