Kuyendera dera lachinayi lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi (lomwe lili ndi anthu pafupifupi 23 miliyoni) kungakhale kowopsa ku thanzi lanu. Ngakhale palibe ziwerengero zenizeni zotsimikizira izi ndipo munthu sangadalire zidziwitso zaboma, mzinda wa Jakarta ukugwa mwachangu. Ndiwoipitsidwa kwambiri, koma atolankhani akumaloko mouma khosi amapewa kufufuza mozama kulikonse komwe kungawone zowononga mumlengalenga. Alendo amadwala nthawi zambiri, pokhapokha ngati satsatira mahotela apamwamba komanso okhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira chokhala ndi zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zoyeretsa mpweya. Potsirizira pake amagonja ku matenda a chitsokomolo, otenthedwa ndi zinthu zotuwa zopachikidwa pa likulu; chinthu chomwe chingakhale, ngati munthu agwiritsa ntchito malingaliro, akufotokozedwabe kuti "mpweya".
Alendo ambiri amadwalanso m'mimba chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa madzi ndi chakudya cham'deralo. Ena amangogwera m'maganizo chifukwa cholemera chifukwa cha kuipa kwa malo, kumene kudzaza kwa magalimoto ndi malo akuluakulu a likulu la dzikoli komanso kumene munthu amayenera kuyendetsa galimoto kupita kumalo ogula zinthu kuti "ayende", chifukwa palibe chilichonse 'chowonekera'. idapulumuka zaka makumi ambiri za 'pro-bizinesi' turbo-capitalism ya Suharto ndi nthawi ya pambuyo pa Suharto komanso ya kazembe waposachedwa, wotuluka Sutiyoso.
Kupitilira tsopano kwatsimikizika. Pachisankho choyamba cha gubernatorial mu mzindawu chomwe chinachitika pa Ogasiti 8 (bwanamkubwa wa Jakarta asanasankhidwe ndi purezidenti kapena monga mu 2002, ndi nyumba yamalamulo yakumaloko), wachiwiri kwa gavanala Fauzi Bowo, wolamulira wanthawi zonse komanso "katswiri wokonza mizinda" (monga momwe amafunira kulongosoledwa) mothandizidwa ndi zipani zazikulu 19 za ndale, adapambana pafupifupi 58 peresenti ya mavoti, kupambana bwino ndi Adang Daradjatun kuchokera ku chipani cha "Prosperous Justice Party" (PKS).
Maluso ndi luso la "katswiri wamatauni" Fauzi Bowo ndizokayikitsa kwambiri. Ngati pali chilichonse, a Bowo ndi abwana awo omwe amachoka, bwanamkubwa Sutiyoso, adabweretsa likulu la mzindawu pafupi ndi kugwa. Jakarta ili ndi zinyumba zamakono zamakono komanso ngalande zonunkha, zodzaza zinyalala ndi madzi amatope - malo okhawo "malo osewerera" a ana zikwi mazanamazana. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zina zosavomerezeka (zikuwoneka kuti kuyipitsidwa ndi "vuto linanso" lopanda chidziwitso chodalirika chomwe chilipo), Jakarta ndi mzinda wachitatu woipitsidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi pambuyo pa Katmandu (Nepal) ndi New Delhi (India). Malo osasangalatsa awa agawidwa ndi mzinda waku China wa Chongqing.
“UN inanena kuti madzi akumwa a mumzindawo sagwira ntchito, zomwe zachititsa kuti anthu 80 pa 100 alionse a ku Jakarta agwiritse ntchito madzi apansi panthaka, omwe akuchepa pang’onopang’ono. Kumpoto kwa kumpoto kwa Jakarta, kuchepa kwa madzi apansi panthaka kwachititsa kuti nthaka ikhale yochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti derali likhale lovuta kwambiri kusefukira komanso kulola kuti madzi a m'nyanja ya Java alowe m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Malinga ndi Suyono Dikun, Wachiwiri kwa Minister of Infrastructure ku National Development Planning Board, anthu oposa XNUMX miliyoni ku Indonesia akukhala opanda madzi abwino ", inatero Red Orbit m'nkhani ya "Cities of the Future". Nzosadabwitsa, popeza madzi akumwa anali abizinesi ndikuyendetsedwa ngati bizinesi yopindulitsa ndi makampani aku France ndi Britain, "kuchulukitsa mitengo ndi kutsika kwabwino", malinga ndi The Economist.
Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kutukuka mopitirira muyeso ndi kusakonzekera bwino kwa mizinda kunapangitsa kusefukira kwa madzi mobwerezabwereza ndi kuwononga. Yaposachedwa kwambiri, pa February 2nd 2007, idathamangitsa anthu opitilira 350, ndikuwononga katundu m'malo opitilira 50% okhala ku Jakarta, popeza pafupifupi 70 mpaka 75 peresenti ya mzindawo adasefukira ndi madzi ozama mamita 4. Kuwonongeka kwa zomangamanga ndi kutaya katundu kunafika pafupifupi madola 600 miliyoni. Anthu ambiri alibe inshuwaransi.
Mzindawu watsamwitsidwa ndi kuchulukana kwa magalimoto ndipo akatswiri akuchenjeza kuti watsala pang'ono kutha, pokhapokha ngati pakhala kusintha kwakukulu posachedwa. Jakarta ilibe pafupifupi njira zoyendera anthu onse, potengera kukula kwake. Ubongo wa Sutiyoso: zomwe zimatchedwa njira zamabasi (lingaliro lotengedwa kuchokera kumizinda yaying'ono ku South America) silinathe kuwuluka. Zina mwa ndalama zomwe zidasokonekera mukatangale, mabasi ali (mopanda pake) ali ndi khomo limodzi lokha lotsitsa ndikutsitsa okwera; zikepe za anthu olumala sizinafike. Mtengo wa ulendo umodzi udzakwera kufika pa masenti oposa 50 m’dzikolo kumene ndalama zimene amapeza pamwezi ndi pafupifupi madola 65 pamwezi komanso kumene anthu oposa theka la anthu amakhala ndi ndalama zosakwana madola 2 patsiku.
Palibe kuwonekera komanso kuyankha mlandu muulamuliro. Njira zambiri zotsatsira "monorail" zidayenera kutsegulidwa mzere wake woyamba mu 2007. Njira zina zazikulu zidatsekedwa, magalimoto adachulukira ndipo nzika zidapemphedwa kukhala oleza mtima pomwe boma la mzindawo likuyesera kupereka njira zina zoyendera zomwe zikufunika kwambiri. Koma panthawi ina, kumanga kwa monorail kunangoyima. Mitengo yapakati pa misewu inali itadulidwa kale; mizati yonyansa ya konkire inali itakhomeredwa pansi, zitsulo zomata mamita angapo m'mwamba. Panalibe kufotokoza komwe kunaperekedwa kwa nzika. Palibe hotline yoti muyimbire, palibe zambiri zandalama zomwe akuti zidasowa. Apanso, boma linasonyeza kuipidwa kwambiri ndi nzika zake. Atolankhani am'deralo osadziwa chilichonse chofanana ndi utolankhani wofufuza adaganiza kuti asafunse mafunso osokonekera: kudabwitsa pang'ono m'dziko lomwe atolankhani ali ndi mabizinesi akulu, popanda kuchotsera.
M'malo mwa monorail, bwanamkubwa wotuluka Sutiyoso adayambitsa "ntchito yamadzi", mwina kuti adzitsimikizire yekha malo m'mbiri ya mzindawo. Maboti ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono awiri omvetsa chisoni amayenda mtunda wa makilomita 1.5 mu ngalandeyi, yooneka ngati ngalawa ziwiri zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono zomwe zikudutsa m'zinyalala zosatha. 'Ntchito' imapezeka kwa maola ochepa okha, kumapeto kwa sabata: sikungakhale yankho ku gridlock yokhazikika.
Atalamulidwa kwa zaka zambiri ndi mkulu wakale wa asilikali Sutiyoso, Jakarta ikufananadi ndi nyumba ya asilikali yonyansa, kapena mwina purigatoriyo yopeka yokhala ndi thambo lakuda, magalimoto osatha, ana opempha ndi kudzipereka okha m'misewu ikuluikulu ingapo. Opempha ena ali ndi nkhope zoyaka moto moti sizidziwika; ena akuwonetsa zomwe zatsala za manja ndi miyendo yodulidwa, ndi malipiro. Ndipo, mosiyana ndi maiko ena achisilamu omwe akuwulutsa kuyitana kokha kuti apemphere, nzika za Jakarta zimawomberedwa osachepera maola 6 patsiku ndi mapemphero ndi zowerengera zachipembedzo zomwe zimawomberedwa mokulira movutikira ngati kuopsa koyipa kwa Orwellian, kutsimikizira ambiri ndikukumbutsa anthu ochepa. amene kwenikweni ali ndi udindo.
Palibe chilichonse "chagulu" chomwe chatsala ku likulu. Jakarta ili ndi mapaki ang'onoang'ono ochepa, omwe ena amalipira ndalama zolowera (monga yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Ancol). Mumzindawu mulibe pafupifupi misewu yodutsamo. Mzindawu ukuwoneka kuti ndi wogawanika, wankhanza komanso wopanda chifundo; malonda monyanyira. Ndizosadabwitsa: zidapangidwa pambuyo pa kulanda kwa asitikali a 1965 komwe kudapha anthu pakati pa 2 ndi 3 miliyoni, kuchokera kwa omwe ali m'maphwando akumanzere kupita kwa omwe amachokera kumitundu ndi zipembedzo zazing'ono.
KULUMIKIZANA KWA Usilikali
Indonesia ikulamulidwa kwambiri ndi gulu lankhondo lakale. Purezidenti wa dziko - Susilo Banbang Yudhoyono ndi wamkulu wa nyenyezi zinayi wopuma pantchito. Bwanamkubwa wotuluka Sutiyoso nayenso ndi wamkulu (wopuma pantchito) wamkulu wankhondo: Lieutenant General yemwe adagwira ntchito yankhondo yaku Indonesia kwazaka makumi atatu, ndipo adagwira nawo ntchito yaku Indonesia ku East Timor. Akuti pakufunsidwa kuti Sutiyoso anali membala wa 'Team Susi' - imodzi mwamagulu ankhondo aku Indonesia omwe adachita nawo nkhanza zankhanza ku Balibo patsiku la 1975 pomwe atolankhani asanu akunja adaphedwa.
N'zosadabwitsa kuti wachiwiri kwa Fauzi Bowo adzakhala mkulu wina wopuma pantchito, panthawiyi Major General Prijanto adapuma pantchito - akufotokozedwa ndi Jakarta Post ngati "mkulu wa asilikali a nthawi yaitali". Ili ndi gawo la mbiri ya Prijanto yofalitsidwa ndi Jakarta Post, (monga zimawonekera patsamba lawo, zosasinthidwa komanso zosakonzedwa mwachiyankhulo): "Maj. Gen. (ret) Prijanto ndi wamkulu wankhondo wanthawi yayitali yemwe adayamba ntchito yake pagawo lankhondo lankhondo lankhondo la Army's Strategic Reserves Command mu 1976. Adagwira ntchito mgululi kwa zaka khumi ndi chimodzi asanakwezedwe kukhala bwanamkubwa wa Army's Military Academy mu 1987. Magelang mu 1978. Ukatswiri wake wa m'munda unayesedwa pamene adatumizidwa ku East Timor (tsopano Republic of Timor Leste) monga gulu lalikulu la asilikali oteteza ndege ku Operasi Seroja (Lotus Operation) ku East Timor ku XNUMX.
Opaleshoni yomwe idachitika kuyambira 1975 mpaka 1979 ikufuna kuletsa zoyesayesa za Fretilin, gulu la anthu aku Timorese omwe akufuna kulekana ndi Indonesia. Kupatula opareshoni, Prijanto adakhala nthawi yayitali pantchito yake ngati wapolisi. Anakhala zaka zambiri za ntchito yake m'zaka khumi zapitazi ku Jakarta Military m'magulu osiyanasiyana, makamaka pa gawo la chitetezo cha chitetezo, chomwe amachidziwa bwino. Wodziwika ngati wogwira ntchito mwakhama yemwe nthawi zonse amatsatira lamulo la mkulu wake, adasankhidwa ku 1995 kukhala mtsogoleri wa gulu la wothandizira payekha wa Let. Gen. (ret) AM Hendropriyono yemwe amagwira ntchito ngati mkulu panthawiyo. Prijanto adagwiranso ntchito ngati wogwirizira wothandizira payekha wa Gen. (ret) Wiranto pomwe anali Mkulu wa Asilikali aku Indonesia mu 1998 asanabwerere ku Jakarta Military Command ngati wamkulu wankhondo m'chigawo patatha chaka "...
Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti zina mwa nkhanza zoipitsitsa ku East Timor zinachitika panthawi yomwe General Wiranto anali "woyang'anira".
Lotus Operation (Operasi Seroja) yomwe Prijanto adagwira nawo mwakhama inayamba pa December 7th, 1975. Ndi chilolezo cha US, asilikali a ku Indonesia adagonjetsa mphepo yamkuntho ndi nyanja pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zoperekedwa ndi US. Pofika pakati pa February, pafupifupi 60.000 amuna, akazi ndi ana aang'ono East Timor anali atamwalira. United Nations sinavomereze kulandidwa ndi kulamulidwa ndi East Timor.
Koma nkhaniyi sithera apa. Mdani wa Fauzi Bowo sanalinso wamba. Adakhala Wachiwiri kwa Wachiwiri kwa Mkulu wa Apolisi; msilikali nayenso, poganizira kuti kale apolisi ndi asilikali anali mbali za bungwe limodzi. M’mbiri “yokhudza mtima,” Jakarta Post ikulemba kuti: “Chilakolako cha Adang Daradjatun kuyambira ali mwana chinali kulowa usilikali kapena usilikali? Adang atamaliza maphunziro ake kusekondale, abambo ake adafuna kuti akalembetse ku Bandung's Padjadjaran University kapena ku Bandung Institute of Technology. Koma Adang adalimbikira kukhala wapolisi. Adauza bambo ake kuti adachita chidwi ndi mwambo wa apolisi. Pambuyo pake abambo ake adasintha ndipo Adang adalandiridwa ku Akabri mu 1968, atamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1971”?
Izi ndi zokhumba zina, poganizira kuti adalowa usilikali patangopita zaka 3 kuchokera pamene asilikali a ku Indonesia anapha pakati pa 2 ndi 3 miliyoni osalakwa.
KUSANKHA? KUSANKHA CHIYANI?
"Sitikugwirizana ndi aliyense amene angakwaniritse malamulo oletsa ufulu wa amayi, monga omwe ali mumzinda wa Tangerang," adatero Masruchah, mlembi wamkulu wa Indonesia Women Coalition (KPI), ponena za lamulo la Tangerang lomwe limaletsa amayi kuchoka. nyumba yawo usiku.
Nzika zambiri za ku Jakarta zisadapite kukavotera munthu yemwe wamufuna, popeza panalibe ofuna kuyankha madandaulo a anthu ambiri. Iwo adavota kuti apewe ngozi, ndipo nkhope yatsoka inali yofanana, makamaka kwa ambiri a iwo, chipani cha Chisilamu cholanda ulamuliro wa likulu lawo. Madera angapo a Java tsopano akuyang'anizana ndi ziletso zatsankho zokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo a sharia. Mwachidziwitso, malamulo a sharia ndi osemphana ndi malamulo, koma utsogoleri wofooka kwambiri komanso wosasamala wa SBY sakufuna kapena sangathe kulimbana ndi magulu ndi mabungwe achisilamu omwe akuchulukirachulukira. Nzika zambiri za ku Indonesia zili ndi nkhawa kuti dziko la Indonesia lili pachiwopsezo.
Kwenikweni, kampeni yachisankho chisanachitike inali ndi makonsati amtundu wa nyimbo za pop ndi "nyenyezi" zosonyeza kuthandizira m'modzi mwa awiri omwe akufuna. Pambuyo pake, osankhidwa onsewo anawonekera pa TV akukumbatira okalamba, ana ndi osauka. Palibe m'modzi wa iwo amene adapereka kuwunika kwakukulu kwa tsogolo lowononga lomwe Jakarta akukumana nalo. Ndipo atolankhani, monga momwe amamvera nthawi zonse, adaletsa kufunsa mafunso ovuta. Zotsatira zake, ndi anthu ochepa okha okhala mumzindawu omwe amakhulupirira kuti zisankho zidzakhudza kwambiri miyoyo yawo. Kusuliza kukukulirakulira koma otsutsa agawika komanso ofooka, mwachilengedwe kudziko lomwe asitikali ndi zipembedzo zimagwira ntchito yayikulu.
Pakali pano, zinyalala zowola zimaipitsa madera osauka ndi kutseka ngalande. Ziphuphu zakhazikika kwambiri moti apolisi sangafufuze zakuba galimoto kapena kubedwa, pokhapokha atapatsidwa ndalama zambiri pasadakhale. “Mmodzi wa atolankhani athu akaberedwa, timaitana apolisi n’kudandaula,” akutero mmodzi wa akonzi a magazini ya dziko lonse amene sakufuna kuti adziwike. “Nthawi zambiri amapepesa n’kubweza katunduyo m’maola ochepa chabe. Zikutanthauza chiyani? Apolisi amenewo akugwira ntchito ndi akuba. Ungathe bwanji kuthana ndi ziphuphu ndi apolisi otere?"
Mamiliyoni a anthu opanda chitetezo komanso osatetezedwa akukhala m'tisakasa. Ngakhale iwo omwe apulumuka pansi pa milatho m'nyumba zosungiramo makatoni akukumana ndi kulanda: amakakamizika kulipira "lendi" kwa achifwamba am'deralo ndi "akuluakulu". Ntchito zothandizira anthu zagwa kale, komanso zomangamanga. Pafupi ndi mahotela apamwamba, anthu amadyera m'malo akuda, nthawi zambiri amatsuka mbale ndi madzi a m'chimbudzi. Ngati zinthu sizisintha kwambiri, nzika za Jakarta zitha kuyesedwa kutembenukira ku Chisilamu chokhazikika, poganiza kuti ndi mphamvu yokhayo yomwe ikufuna "kuwateteza". Koma mu zisankho zaposachedwazi anali asankhabe phungu "wadziko", kwa "wokonzekera mzinda" ndi wachiwiri wake yemwe "adadzitsimikizira yekha" pophulitsa mabomba ku East Timorese zaka zoposa 30 zapitazo.
ANDRE VLTCHEK: Wolemba mabuku waku Czech/American, wolemba masewero, wopanga mafilimu ndi mtolankhani, woyambitsa nawo Mainstay Press (www.mainstaypress.org), nyumba yosindikizira zopeka zandale, wotsogolera wa Asiana Press Agency (www.asiana-press-agency.com) ). Mnzake wamkulu ku Oakland Institute. Panopa amagwira ntchito ndipo amakhala ku Asia ndi South Pacific ndipo angapezeke pa: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]