Ma Iraq a me Afghanistan ua lilo nā pūʻali koa ʻAmelika a me Pelekāne i hui i nā kaua kīwila i hoʻonui a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ko lākou noho ʻana. Ke hoʻomau nei nā aupuni US a me UK i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pūʻali koa haole i hoʻopau i nā ʻāina ʻelua.
Pono e akaka ke kumu o kēia: ʻaʻole kaulana nā ʻoihana haole ma ka mōʻaukala. Kūkākūkā ka poʻe noho aupuni i ko lākou mau pono kālaiʻāina, koa a me ka hoʻokele waiwai ma mua o nā aupuni hui a lākou e manaʻo nei e kākoʻo nei. ʻO kēia ka de-legitimized i ke aupuni Baghdad a me Kabul a hiki i ko lākou mau hoa paio ke kū i ke kū'ē aloha ʻāina. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā pūʻali koa ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā mea a lākou i haʻi ʻia ai, e hoʻokō i ko lākou mana ma o ka hana ʻino, e hana mau ana i ka hakakā me ka heluna kanaka kūloko.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke koho balota ʻana ma Afghanistan i kēia pule a pau ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nei i kēia pule ma ka nūpepa komohana ma ke ʻano he lanakila no ke aupuni democracy i mālama ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi akamai o nā koa mai ʻAmelika, Pelekane a me NATO. Akā ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe Afghans i ka mea nāna e paʻa i ka mana a me kā lākou hana me ia.
ʻAʻole kaulana loa ʻo Pelekikena Hamid Karzai, akā ma ke ʻano he kūlana ikaika ʻo ia, ma o nā ʻoihana kākoʻo, e kiʻi i ke kākoʻo o nā aliʻi aliʻi kūloko a me ka ʻāina e like me nā aliʻi kaua, nā aliʻi o nā mākaʻi, nā shuras (nā ʻaha kūkā kūloko), hoʻomana, alakaʻi ʻohana a lāhui. ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana o nā haole o nā koho balota ma Afghanistan a me Iraq ka nui o ka manaʻo o ka poʻe Afghans a me Iraqis i ko lākou mau aupuni e like me nā rackets e holo ʻia e nā poʻe kālai'āina no ko lākou hopena ponoʻī. ʻO kahi kumu maʻamau, ua lohe au i hōʻike ʻia ma Baghdad a me Kabul no ke kākoʻo ʻana i ke alakaʻi incumbent, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻaihue nui ʻia ʻaʻole pono kona mau lālā e ʻaihue hou aku, ʻoiai ʻo ke aupuni hou e like me ka rapacious akā ʻoi aku ka pōloli. . ʻO ke ala wale nō e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ia ʻano ʻino nui ma Afghanistan ʻo ka nui o ka huli ʻana, i kēia manawa i manaʻo ʻia he 40-50 pākēneka.
E hoʻokokoke paha ke koho balota ʻo Afghan i ka hopena o ke kaua a i ʻole e hoʻoikaika i ke aupuni ma Kabul? ʻO Mr Karzai, inā lanakila ʻo ia, hiki iā ia ke ʻōlelo ua koho ʻia ʻo ia i alakaʻi ma ke koho balota maoli. Akā inā ʻaʻole, e hōʻoia hou ka balota i ka mana o nā kāne, i kapa ʻia he mau aliʻi kaua, ka poʻe i puka mai ka poʻe lanakila mai ke kaua kīwila ma waena o ka Taliban, kokoke loa i huki ʻia mai ke kaiāulu Pashtun (42 pākēneka o Afghans), a ʻo ka hapa nui ʻole. Pashtun Northern Alliance.
Ma mua o 9/11, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pūʻali Northern Alliance i kahi kihi o ka ʻākau hikina o Afghanistan a me he mea lā ua kokoke i ka lanakila hope. Akā i loko o kekahi mau mahina o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka US e kipaku aku i ka Taliban ma ke ʻano he pūʻali koa o al-Qaʻida, ua hiki i ka Northern Alliance ke hoʻopio iā Aghanistan holoʻokoʻa ma muli o ka US airpower a me ke kālā. Ua hauʻoli ka hapa nui o Afghans i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hopena o ka Taliban, nona nā lanakila i lanakila me ke kākoʻo o ka naʻauao koa Pakistani a me ke kālā Saudi.
Akā ʻo ka kūʻē ʻana i ka Taliban, ʻaʻole like ia me ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka Northern Alliance, nona nā alakaʻi i hana ʻino no nā pono o ka oihana a me ka mana. Ua noho au i kekahi mau mahina ma ka Northern Alliance paʻa ma ke awāwa ʻo Panjshir ma ka ʻākau o Kabul i ka makahiki 2001, a, e hoʻi ana i Afghanistan ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua kahaha wau i ka ʻike ʻana i ka nui o nā aliʻi kaua aʻu i ʻike ai e hoʻomau nei i nā hana, nā ʻaelike a me ke kālā. - hana i nā kūlana ma Kabul. He mea lapuwale no nā aupuni ʻē ke kanikau i ka hāpai ʻia ʻana o Mr Karzai ma ke ʻano he mau hoa holo no ke kaua kaua Tajik Muhammad Fahim a me kāna mea like ʻo Hazara ʻo Karim Khalili, ʻo lāua ʻelua i hoʻopiʻi ʻia no ka hōʻino pono kanaka. Ke ʻike wale nei ʻo Mr Karzai i ka ikaika o ka hoʻokumu ʻana, inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi, nā mea hoʻokele mana i nā kaiāulu non-Pashto. ʻO kēia paha kahi ʻano mana kālaiʻāina ʻino loa a hewa loa, akā ʻo ia ka mea a ka US a me Pelekane e hakakā nei e hoʻomau.
E loaʻa iā lākou he kaua lōʻihi. Ua ʻae mua ʻia ka pūʻali koa haole i ko Afghans ma ke ʻano ʻaʻole i loaʻa ma Iraq. He hapa kēia no ka noho ʻana o Iraq ma waho o Kurdistan, akā ʻaʻole ka hapa nui o Afghanistan. ʻOiai he 25 pakeneka wale nō o nā Afghans a pau e ʻōlelo nei ua kākoʻo lākou i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā pūʻali koa US a i ʻole NATO/ISAF, ua lele kēia helu i ka 44 pākēneka kahi e hōʻike ai nā kānaka i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a i ʻole ka lele ʻana o ka ea ma ko lākou mau wahi e like me ka ABC News/BBC/ARD poll. Kūlike ʻole i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o Wakinekona, ʻo 18 pākēneka wale nō o Afghans e ʻōlelo nei makemake lākou e hoʻonui ʻia nā pūʻali haole ma Afghanistan a makemake ʻo 44 pākēneka e hoʻemi lākou. ʻO ka Taliban, ka mea i hoʻomāinoino ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau papeti Pakistan, ke lanakila nei lākou i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa hou ʻana iā lākou iho ma ke ʻano he poʻe aupuni Afghan.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea kaumaha nui o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻAmelika a me Pelekane ma Afghanistan ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o nā haʻawina o Iraq i aʻo ʻia. ʻO kekahi, ʻo ka ʻoihana koa haole ʻaʻole i makemake nui ʻia a ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO Iraq a me Afghanistan nā ʻāina ʻelua me nā māhele lāhui a me ka sectarian hohonu a hoʻopau ka poʻe noho ʻē aʻe, willy-nilly, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a i ʻole i ka hakakā kīwila.
No laila, liʻiliʻi ka mea i aʻo ʻia ma Iraq no ka mea ke lawe ʻia nei ka propaganda ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i nā mea i hana ʻia ma laila a me nā mea e hana ʻia ma Afghanistan. I kēia pule he mau hoʻopaʻapaʻa noʻonoʻo ʻole ma hope o nā pōkā ma Baghdad, ka mea i make ma luna o 100 poʻe i kēia pule, e pili ana i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka pūʻali koa ʻAmelika mai nā kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua liʻiliʻi nā mākaʻi US ma Baghdad mai ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala, a ʻoiai ʻo ʻAmelika i ka hoʻomalu kaua o ke kūlanakauhale, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻōki i ka pahū ʻana o nā kaʻa i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā mea pahū i alakaʻi ʻia e nā mea hoʻomake pepehi kanaka.
ʻO ka lanakila nui o ʻAmelika ma Iraq, ʻo ia ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka Shia a me nā Kurds e kūʻē i ka Sunni, ua hana ka pūʻali koa US i kahi ʻaoʻao me ka poʻe kipi Sunni e hoʻohuli iā al-Qaʻida. Pono ka poʻe Sunni i ʻaelike me nā ʻAmelika no ka mea ke ulu nei lākou i ke kaua kīwila me ka Shia. ʻO ka pōʻino i hala iho nei he mau ʻaoʻao Sunni paha, e hoʻohana ana iā al-Qaʻida ma ke ʻano he ʻelele, e hōʻike ʻino ana i ke aupuni Iraqi ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. ʻO ka manaʻo, kaulana i kekahi mau manaʻo noʻonoʻo o Wakinekona, ua lanakila kekahi mau hana hoʻolālā i ke kaua ma Iraq, a hiki ke hana hou ma Afghanistan, he alakaʻi hewa loa ia a e hoʻowalewale i ka US a me Beretania i loko o ka morass.
ʻO Patrick Cockburn ka mea kākau o "Muqtada: Muqtada Al-Sadr, the Shia Revival, and the Struggle for Iraq."
Hāʻawi kālā ʻia ʻo ZNetwork ma o ka lokomaikaʻi o kāna poʻe heluhelu.
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