Hoʻonui ka makaʻu i ka mana al-Qaida
ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua mua ʻana e al-Qaida i loko o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika sub-Saharan ʻo Niger e ʻaihue i ʻelua mau diplomats Kanada e hoʻonui ana i ka hopohopo no ka mana o Islam a hiki i ka ʻīpuka hema o ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka Al-Qaida i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Algeria i ka Islamic Maghreb, a i ʻole AQIM, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i ʻaihue i ka ʻelele kūikawā o United Nations ʻo Robert Fowler a me ke kōkua Louis Guay kokoke i ke kapikala ʻo Niger, Niamey, i ka lā 14 Dek. nā mākaʻikaʻi i nalowale i Ianuali ma ka palena ʻo Mali-Niger.
ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia nā koi, akā ua ʻōlelo kahi kumu Mali i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka Pōʻalima e koi ana ka hui i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ʻelua mau lālā Mauritanian ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ʻelua mau Kanaka a me ʻehā ʻEulopa.
"ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e al-Qaida e hoʻokuʻu i nā mea hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ʻelua mau lālā Mauritanian o ka hui," wahi a ke kumu ma ke ʻano o ka inoa ʻole.
Ua ʻōlelo ke kumu e paʻa ana nā Mauritanian ʻelua ma kekahi o nā ʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻo Sahel e komo pū ana me Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Algeria, Libya a me Chad.
Ua ʻōlelo kekahi ʻōlelo a AQIM i ka Pōʻalima "ua mālama lākou i ka kuleana e hana me nā pio ʻeono ma lalo o ka Islamic sharia (law)" - he mea hoʻoweliweli i hiki ke pepehi ʻia inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia nā koi - a e hoʻopuka koke i nā kūlana no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mea pio.
Inā he kuleana ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo AQIM, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pilikia e kū nei iā Fowler a me Guay i ke kaua Afghan-Soviet i ka hopena o 1980s a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1990s, i ka wā i launa pū ai ke aliʻi mujahedeen ʻōpio ʻo Osama bin Laden i ka poʻe Algerian Islamists e hakakā pū ana me nā Soviets.
Ma kahi o 3,000 Algerians i hoʻi i ka home i ka wā i hoʻi hope ai ka USSR i ka makahiki 1991.
I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hū ke kaua kīwila ma waena o ke aupuni pūʻali koa honua o Algeria a me ka poʻe hoʻokūpaʻa kaua ʻo Muslim i hoʻopiha i nā kūlana o nā pūʻulu kū'ē Islamist. Ua hui pū ʻia kekahi mau mea i loko o ka pūʻulu koa ʻo Armed Islamic Group, a i ʻole GIA, ka ikaika ikaika e kūʻē i ke aupuni i loko o ke kaua he ʻumi makahiki i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100,000 mau ola, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he poʻe kīwila, i ka hakakā weliweli.
I ka makahiki 1998, ua hoʻokumu kahi luna GIA i ka Sarifist Group for Preaching Combat, i ʻike ʻia e kāna acronym French, GSPC. ʻOiai e hoʻomau ana i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ke aupuni Algeria, ua kākoʻo ʻo GSPC i ka jihad honua a me ka manaʻo o al-Qaida no ka huli ʻana i nā pono komohana, ma ka ʻāina a me ka honua.
I kēia lā, ʻo ka poʻe Islamist Algeria ka hui aupuni nui loa ma al-Qaida, e like me ka mea kākau ʻo Jim Carroll ma How did Al-Qaeda emerge in North Africa?
ʻO kahi huahana o GSPC ʻo Ahmed Ressam, ka mea hoʻopiʻi mahuka Algeria ma Montréal nāna i hoʻolālā e hoʻopaʻa i ka Los Angeles International Airport ma 2000.
Ua mālama ʻo GSPC i kahi kuʻikahi a me ka pilina ideological me al-Qaida a hiki i 2007, i ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ʻo al-Qaida ma ke ʻano he ʻēheu ʻĀkau o ʻApelika o kāna hana honua ma lalo o ka inoa hou, ʻo ka Al-Qaida Organization i ka Land of the Islamic Maghreb - AQLIM a i ʻole AQIM. (ʻO Maghreb ka huaʻōlelo ʻAlapia no kahi ʻāpana o ʻApelika ʻĀkau mai Mauritania a hiki i Libya.)
Hōʻike ka rebranding i kona "manaʻo e hoʻonui ma waho o Algeria a hana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana kūloko no ka jihad honua i alakaʻi ʻia e al-Qaeda," kākau ʻo Tom Quiggin, ka mea loiloi hoʻoweliweli ʻo Ottawa i kahi pōkole hoʻoweliweli i hoʻopau ʻia no ka US State Department.
ʻO ka hōʻailona al-Qaida ka manaʻo o nā mea hou aku AQIM, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me nā lima al-Qaida a me ke kālā e kahe ana i Algeria.
ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli Algeria he mea hoʻoweliweli mau loa iā ʻEulopa, i komo i nā hoʻouka kūleʻa a hoʻopau ʻia ma Farani - ʻo AQIM's No. 1 target - Kelemānia a me Italia. Ua hōʻike ka Council on Foreign Relations i ka AQIM hou i hoʻolaʻa hou i nā pūnaewele he nui o ʻEulopa o Algerian Islamists no ka ʻohi kālā a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.
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