Kusan mutane 200 ne suka taru a Jami'ar North Carolina da ke Asheville kwanan nan don tattaunawa kan jajircewar birnin na ramakon gida. Wannan shi ne taron koli na farko irinsa kuma muhimmin mataki a shirin Asheville na ramawa mazauna Bakar fata shekaru da dama na nuna wariyar launin fata.
Yayin da birnin ke kara zage damtse wajen neman ladabtarwa, jihar ta North Carolina na ci gaba da komawa baya, inda dokar jihar ke neman takaita tattaunawa game da wariyar launin fata, musamman a bangaren gwamnati da jami'o'i.
Wata sabuwar doka da aka zartar a watan Yuni ta haramtawa duk wani ma'aikacin gwamnatin jihar North Carolina - wanda ya hada da tsarin Jami'ar North Carolina - daga tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi wariyar launin fata, musamman a cikin aikin hayar.
A watan Maris, 'yan majalisar wakilai a jihar North Carolina suma sun amince da wani kudirin doka da ya haramtawa malaman makarantun gwamnati "inganta” ra’ayoyin da suka danganci fallasa tsarin wariyar launin fata da na tarihi. Misali, za a hana malamai daga koyarwar koyarwar da ke cewa, “Mutum, ta wurin jinsinsa ko jinsinsa, yana da alhakin ayyukan da aka yi a baya” wanda ya cutar da wata kabila. Har yanzu dai majalisar ba ta amince da kudirin ba.
A cewar farfesa a fannin shari'a na Jami'ar North Carolina Osamudia James, wadannan Dokokin suna da "fadi sosai, ba su da tabbas sosai, yana da wuya a tilasta su, kuma ƙoƙarin gano lokacin da wani ya keta su ya zama batun muhawara."
Duk da yake babu wani lissafin da ya bayyana shirin ramuwa, Irin wannan dokar ta riga ta haifar da yanayi mara kyau ga masu goyon bayan ramuwa, in ji malaman cikin gida.
"Bambance-bambance, daidaito, hada kai da adalci ana kai hari," in ji farfesa Tace Ruffin, darektan UNC a Sashen Nazarin Afirka na Asheville wanda ya taimaka wajen karbar bakuncin taron na bana. “Mun ci gaba da samar da diyya ga ’yan Afirka mazauna birnin. Ko da yake ana iya samun koma-baya da zanga-zangar adawa da wasu abubuwa, sai dai mu ce za mu ci gaba da yin hakan ba tare da la’akari da hakan ba.”
Waɗannan kuɗaɗen misalan ne na sauye-sauye na kwanan nan na dokokin jihar: Abin da ake kira anti-DEI dokokin manufa, a tsakanin wasu abubuwa, ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce a bambancin, daidaito da haɗawa cikin ɗaukar aiki. Dokokin ka'idar tsere mai mahimmanci [CRT]., wanda aka ba da suna don binciken da aka koyar da jami'a wanda ke yin tambayoyi game da yadda ake shigar da wariyar launin fata a cikin manufofin Amurka da cibiyoyi, suna neman iyakance yadda malamai za su tattauna batun wariyar launin fata. 'Yan majalisar dokoki masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da ke bayan irin wannan kudirorin suna jayayya cewa irin wannan koyarwar ta kasance "zurfafawa."
Ire-iren wadannan dokoki sun haifar da rudani a wasu garuruwa da jihohi. A Oklahoma, wata hukuma ta jiha ta ƙirƙira don bincika kisan kiyashin Tulsa Race na 1921 tsige Gwamna Kevin Stitt daga hukumarsa bayan ya sanya hannu kan dokar ka'idar kabilanci mai adawa da ta haramta yadda za a iya koyar da batutuwan da suka shafi kabilanci da kuma tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi kabilanci.
Da aka tambaye shi ko wane irin tasiri waɗannan kuɗaɗen za su iya yi kan ƙoƙarin ramawa, Sanatan jihar North Carolina Warren Daniel, ya ɗauki nauyin. na dokar anti-DEI da ta wuce a watan Yuni, ya ce, "Ina fata duk wani farfesa da ke shiga cikin jama'a kan ramuwa zai tsaya ga tattaunawa mai ma'ana, maimakon tura ra'ayi na nuna wariya cewa saboda launin fata kawai, mutum ya kamata ya ɗauki alhakin ayyukan da wasu 'yan kabilar daya suka aikata a baya."
Shuwagabannin Raya Basu Taimaka Ba
Asheville ya kada kuri'a a watan Yuli 2020 don ƙirƙirar kwamitin ramuwa wanda zai binciki yadda garin ya lalata iyalai Baƙar fata da baki ɗaya ta hanyar manufofin wariyar launin fata. Wannan ya ƙunshi fiye da shekaru biyu na gano takaddun tarihi, takardun kadarorin, bayanan kuɗi, takaddun haraji da kuma dokokin birni.
Sabbin dokokin da aka gabatar ba su dakatar da duk wani aiki na diyya a matakin birni ba, in ji Dwight Mullen, shugaban hukumar biyan diyya ta birnin. Mambobin hukumar galibi sun yi watsi da magana daga masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da dakile yadda ake koyar da wariyar launin fata a jihar, in ji Mullen.
Amma duk Mullen da Ruffin sun riga sun ga tasirin shawarwarin akan sauran bangarorin aikinsu. Ruffin ya ce 'yan majalisar dokokin jihar sun fara tambayar jami'ar game da irin kudaden da ake kashewa kan ayyukan DEI da kuma irin tambayoyin da sashen nazarin Afirka ke yi a lokacin daukar farfesoshi da sauran ma'aikata.
Mullen ya shiga cikin wani korafin kare hakkin jama'a na tarayya shigar da karar Asheville PEAK Academy. Kungiyar Western North Carolina Citizens for Equality mai suna Mullen, wanda ya kafa PEAK Academy kuma memba na hukumar, a cikin korafin, wanda ya yi ikirarin cewa makarantar K-3 tana daukar “kason kabilanci” wanda ke ware malamai da daliban wasu jinsi.
"Yana da cikakkiyar doka kuma a bisa gaskiya -domin juyawa da magance illolin launin fata da gwamnati ke ci gaba da yi - a yi amfani da kabilanci a matsayin hanyar magance ta," in ji Mullen.
Farfesa James na Makarantar Shari'a ta UNC ba ya tunanin ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan kuɗaɗen za su zartar da kundin tsarin mulki idan an kalubalanci shi a kotu. Amma wannan “kusan ban da batun,” in ji ta. "Ma'anar ita ce a sa mutane su daina magana game da waɗannan gaskiyar, wanda ke da matsala saboda idan ba za ku iya magana game da launin fata ba kuma ku gane yadda yake aiki to ba za ku iya yin abubuwa don magance tasirin da ke faruwa ba."
'Ƙananan Hukumomin Ba Za Su Iya Zama Cikakkun Magani'
Shawarwari cewa birnin na Asheville da kewaye County ya yi kira da a kafa hukumar ramuwa da za ta binciki illolin kabilanci, da kuma rahoton da ya zayyana illolin da kuma hanyoyin da za a iya magance su. Sannan hukumar za ta ba da shawarwari zuwa bazara 2024.
Yayin da Asheville ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƴan wurare a Kudu waɗanda ba su da tsarin noman bayi, masu ba da shawara a nan sun ce wasu shirye-shiryen gwamnati, kamar wariya, ƙa'idodin Jim Crow, relining da sabunta birane sun lalatar da al'ummomin baki ɗaya. A cikin 1950s da 1960s, an lalata ɗaruruwan gidajen Baƙar fata, makarantu da asibitocin kiwon lafiya kuma an lalata gundumar kasuwanci ta Baƙar fata. gina manyan titunan jihar.
Masu fafutukar neman ramawa sun ce waɗancan rashin adalci ne ke da alhakin yawancin bambancin launin fata da aka gani a Asheville a yau. A cewar hukumar Rahoton Jihar Black Asheville, Yawan mace-macen ciwon daji daga 2011 zuwa 2015 ya kasance 218.9 a cikin 100,000 ga mazaunan BLack idan aka kwatanta da 155.1 na fata; Matsakaicin kudin shiga na kowane mutum $15,535 ga Bakar fata mazauna idan aka kwatanta da $28,480 na farar fata; kuma, kamar na 2017, akwai kawai 858 na kasuwanci na Baƙar fata idan aka kwatanta da 26,122 na fararen fata.
Hukumar ta mayar da hankali a kai wurare biyar don bincike: shari'ar laifuka, bunkasa tattalin arziki, gidaje, ilimi da lafiya. Wasu daga cikin shawarwarin da suke la'akari da su a halin yanzu sun haɗa da bayar da tallafi ga iyalai da ke fama da talauci ta hanyar ɗaure mambobinsu a kurkuku; tallafi don kasuwancin Baƙi; mafi kyawun albashi ga malaman Baƙar fata; biyan kuɗi ga iyalai baƙi waɗanda za a yi amfani da su kawai don tallafin lafiyar tabin hankali; da "ƙasa na ramawa" - kadarori da kuri'a da aka samu na musamman ga masu gida da 'yan kasuwa na Baƙar fata.
Akwai kuma shawarwarin rashin biyan diyya da suka fi maida hankali kan manufofi, kamar kiraye-kirayen kawar da banbance-banbancen kabilanci a cikin tsarin kotuna, da daukar ma'aikata da kuma rike karin malamai bakar fata, da kuma samar da Cibiyar Raya Tattalin Arziki ta Bakar fata don horar da masu kasuwanci Bakar fata.
A matsayinta na ƙaramar hukuma a cikin jaha mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, a ƙarshe za a iya takurawa birnin ta wanne daga cikin waɗannan shawarwarin zai iya kafa da kuma ta yaya. A cikin imel ɗin da aka aika kwanaki uku kafin taron, hukumar kula da ramuwa ta yi gargaɗin cewa "ƙananan hukumomi ba za su iya zama cikakkiyar mafita ga matsalolin da al'ummar Baƙar fata ke fuskanta ba" saboda, a wani ɓangare, ga iyakokin doka.
"A ƙarshe, City da County sun tsaya tare da Hukumar wajen mai da hankali kan burin zuba jari a cikin da kuma ƙarfafa Black Asheville ta hanyar ramawa," in ji wasikar. "Eh, wasu shawarwari na iya wuce ikon mu na doka, kuma yin aiki ta hanyar waɗannan ƙalubalen wani bangare ne na sarƙaƙƙiya kuma muhimmin aiki da Hukumar, al'umma, da ƙananan hukumominmu ke yi. Muna ci gaba da mai da hankali kan abin da zai yiwu, maimakon abin da ba zai yiwu ba."
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Bada Tallafi