Makomar Iraki tana cikin daidaito. 'Yan jam'iyyar Republican Hawks na Amurka na neman kaddamar da wani gagarumin farmaki kan al'ummar Iraki. Ba zai faru ba idan 'yan siyasa suka ga isassun adawar jama'a - 'yan jarida suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tasirin wannan ra'ayin jama'a.
A cikin wani kasidar Observer, John Sweeney ya kwatanta “kokarin Saddam na kwatanta… yara a matsayin wadanda takunkumin Yamma ya shafa, wanda ya yi ikirarin ya jawo asarar dubban daruruwan matasa.” ('Yadda Saddam ya shirya' jana'izar jarirai na karya', The Observer, Yuni 23, 2002)
Masu karatu na Media Lens za su gane wannan dabi'a ta yau da kullun don karkatar da gardama daga faɗakarwar Media na baya. Nick Cohen, shi ma na The Observer, ya rubuta:
"Ina fatan ganin yadda Noam Chomsky da John Pilger suka yi nasarar yin adawa da yakin da zai kawo karshen takunkumin da suka yi ikirarin kashe daruruwan dubban yara wadanda idan ba haka ba za su sami farin ciki, koshin lafiya a cikin gidan kurkuku (kada ku damu, za su isa can). ('Blair's just a Bush baby', The Observer, Maris 10, 2002)
Wadannan, kamar yadda muka nuna, ba Chomsky da Pilger ba ne "da'awar" kwata-kwata.
Wakilin BBC Ben Brown ya ce:
Ya ce (Saddam) ya ce takunkumin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta sanya ya rage yawancin 'yan kasarsa zuwa ga yunwa - hotuna irin wadannan [na jaririn da ke fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma uwa mai yanke kauna] sun kasance makamin farfaganda mai karfi ga Saddam, wanda yanzu zai daina." (Ben Brown, Labaran BBC, Yuni 20, 1996)
John Draper na ITN ya ce:
"Abin da ake nufi yanzu an sanya shi ne ko kuma 'madaidaicin' takunkumi don taimakawa talakawa tare da hana shugaban na Iraki zargin kasashen yammacin Turai kan wahalhalun da suke ciki." (John Draper, ITN, 10:30 Labarai, Fabrairu 20, 2001)
Hanya ɗaya ta yin watsi da zarge-zargen shaidar da ke da alhakin kisan jama'a na Yammacin Turai ita ce gano asalin wannan shaida zuwa wata majiya mai ban mamaki, kamar Saddam Hussein.
Sweeney yayi amfani da wannan dabarar lalata akai-akai, misali a cikin taken sa:
“Mai mulkin na Iraqi ya ce yaran kasarsa na mutuwa dubunnansu saboda takunkumin da kasashen yamma suka kakaba mata. John Sweeney, a cikin wani shirin shirin talabijin da za a nuna yau da dare, ya ce alkalumman na bogi ne.
Ci gaba a cikin labarin, Sweeney ya sake maimaita da'awar, yayin da yake sarrafa alamar gaskiya:
"Haka ne na gwamnatin Iraki - da sauransu - cewa dubban yaran Iraki suna mutuwa kowane wata saboda takunkumi."
Kalma mai ban mamaki "da sauransu" a zahiri tana nufin daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi waɗanda shine dalilin Sweeney da sauran 'yan jaridu na yau da kullun suna magance batun kwata-kwata - a bayyane yake cewa babu wanda zai ji wani buƙatu na karyata iƙirarin da mai mulkin Iraqi ya yi. . Tun da ya zama makiyin kasashen yamma a hukumance, babu wata kafar yada labarai ta yammacin duniya da ta taba bayar da labarin ikirarin Saddam da wani abu face izgili, kuma babu wani mai hankali da zai yi mafarkin daukar da'awar da ya yi a kan wadannan batutuwa.
Sweeney ya sami nasarar kawo ɗaya daga cikin ɓatattun tushen hujja da shaida lokacin da yake magana akan Unicef:
"A cikin 1999 Unicef, tare da haɗin gwiwar gwamnatin Iraki, sun yi hasashen mutuwar yara fiye da 500,000 a cikin 1990s. Hasashen a buɗe yake don tambaya. Ya dogara ne akan bayanai daga cikin tsarin mulkin da ke azabtar da yara ba tare da wani hukunci ba. Sai dai daya daga cikin masu binciken da Unicef ta yi amfani da su, ma'aikatan ma'aikatar lafiya ne, a cewar Lancet."
Hans von Sponeck, wanda ya jagoranci shirin samar da abinci na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Iraki, yana da wannan cewa game da yanki na Sweeney:
Labarin Sweeney shine ainihin irin aikin jarida wanda shine Orwellian, mai magana biyu. Babu shakka, gwamnatin Iraki ta yi amfani da bayanan da suka dace don dacewa da manufarta, kowa da kowa na masu gwagwarmaya yana yin hakan. Dan jarida bai kamata ba. UNICEF ta yi amfani da ɗimbin masu bincike na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ta yi amfani da nagartattun hanyoyi don samun waɗannan mahimman ƙididdiga. Eh, ma’aikatan lafiya na ma’aikatar lafiya sun hada kai da UNICEF amma a karshe UNICEF da UNICEF kadai ne suka gudanar da binciken daidai saboda ba sa son siyasantar da aikinsu… Wannan labarin babban kuskure ne.” (Imel zuwa Editocin Lens Media, Yuni 24, 2002)
Komawa ga ra'ayin yaudara cewa Saddam yana cikin zuciyar zarge-zargen mutuwar jama'a a Iraki, Sweeney ya ci gaba da fassarar fassarar abin da ake jayayya da shi, a gaskiya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama:
"Gwamnatin Saddam ta zargi jariran da suka mutu a kan ciwon daji da nakasar haihuwa wadda ta fara bayyana a shekara ta 1991 kuma, in ji ta, ta kare ne sakamakon karancin uranium."
Abin sha'awa, Sweeney - bayan ya koma yin watsi da albarkatu masu mahimmanci kuma yana mai da hankali kan Saddam - yana nan yana iƙirarin cewa mutuwar yara 500,000 da yawa ana danganta su da "ciwon daji da lahani na haihuwa". Duk wanda ya san wani abu game da bala'in da ya faru a Iraki ya san cewa wannan gaba daya karya ce.
Hujjar, a zahiri, ita ce takunkumin ya hana zirga-zirgar abinci da magunguna kyauta, kuma sun hana sake gina dimbin kayayyakin more rayuwa na Iraki da harin bam na Amurka ya lalata a lokacin yakin Gulf - ruwa, magudanar ruwa, samar da wutar lantarki. , sufuri, kula da lafiya, noma da tsarin sadarwa wadanda ke da matukar muhimmanci ga rigakafin cututtuka, kiyaye rayuwa, da muhimman ayyukan al'umma.
Abin mamaki, a cikin shirinsa na Wakilin BBC2 a wannan rana, 'The Mother of All Ironies', Sweeney ya saba wa labarinsa na Observer, yana zuwa kusa da gaskiya ta hanyar tambayar yadda rashin albarkatun (ba ciwon daji ba) zai iya haifar da mutuwar jama'a. Sweeney ya ce game da shirin abinci na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya:
“Jimillar Ƙarfafan Mutum [Saddam] ba ta taru. Biliyoyin man fetur suna shiga cikin tattalin arziki, amma alkaluman mace-macen yara ba su canza ba… To ta yaya yara 7,000 ke mutuwa duk wata a tsakiyar wannan madara da zuma?” (Sweeney, 'The Mother of All Ironies', Wakili, BBC2, Yuni 23, 2002)
Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan su ne, a dace, “kuɗin mutumin mai ƙarfi”, ba na ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na Yamma masu sahihanci ba. Sweeney ya nemi amsoshin tambayarsa daga wani mai suna Barham Salah, wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin Firayim Minista, kungiyar masu kishin kasa ta Kurdistan, wanda ya ce:
“Shirin mai don abinci shiri ne mai kyau, dole ne a ci gaba da shi. Shi ne mafi kyawun abin da ya faru da Iraki tun kafuwar daular Iraki. Af, ba ga yankunan Kurdawa kadai ba, har ma da sauran Iraki, domin ba mu taba samun irin wannan abu mai kyau ba - duk 'yan Iraki, ba Kurdawa kadai ba."
Sweeney kuma ya nemi amsa daga wani mai suna 'Ali', inda ya ambaci wani direban tasi na jana'izar!
Me ya sa, a cikin neman amsoshi, Sweeney bai tuntubi Denis Halliday ba, wanda a zahiri yake tafiyar da shirin samar da abinci na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ko magajinsa, Hans von Sponeck, wanda dukansu suka yi murabus daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suna kwatanta manufofin Yammacin Turai a matsayin "kisan kare dangi"? Halliday ya bayyana matsalolin mai don abinci shekaru biyu da suka wuce:
"Daga cikin dala biliyan 20 da aka bayar ta shirin 'man don abinci', kusan kashi uku, ko dala biliyan 7, an kashe su ne kan 'kudade' na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, diyya ga Kuwait da kuma biyan diyya iri-iri. Hakan ya bar dala biliyan 13 ga gwamnatin Iraki. Idan ka raba wannan adadi ta al'ummar Iraki, wanda ya kai miliyan 22, zai bar kusan dala 190 ga kowane shugaban al'umma a kowace shekara sama da shekaru 3 - abin takaici bai isa ba." (Tattaunawa da David Edwards, Maris 2000, www.medialens.org)
An bayar da ƙarin bayani ta wasu kafofin da Sweeney suka yi watsi da su. Eric Hoskins - wani likita dan kasar Kanada kuma mai gudanarwa na kungiyar binciken Harvard kan Iraki - ya ba da rahoton cewa harin bam na yakin Gulf na kawance "ya kawo karshen duk wani abu mai mahimmanci ga rayuwar bil'adama a Iraki - wutar lantarki, ruwa, tsarin najasa, noma, masana'antu da kiwon lafiya". (An nakalto, Mark Curtis, 'The Ambiguities of Power - British Foreign Policy tun 1945', Zed Books, 1995, pp.189-190)
Ƙuntata albarkatun ƙasa sakamakon takunkumi ya sa sake gina wannan ababen more rayuwa ba zai yiwu ba. A watan Maris na 1999 wani kwararre kan harkokin jin kai da kwamitin sulhu ya kira taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya ce ba zai iya biyan bukatun al'ummar Iraki ba, ba tare da la'akari da ci gaban da za a iya samu wajen aiwatar da shi ba. shirin agaji. (An nakalto, Muryoyi a cikin gidan yanar gizon jeji, Maris 2002: www.viwuk.freeserve.co.uk)
Kwamitin ya ci gaba da cewa:
"Ko da kuwa ci gaban da za a iya samu - dangane da hanyoyin amincewa, mafi kyawun aikin gwamnatin Iraki, ko matakan kudade - girman bukatun jin kai ya kasance ba za a iya biyan su a cikin mahallin man fetur ba. -shirin abinci]… Haka kuma shirin bai yi niyya don biyan dukkan bukatun al'ummar Iraki ba... Idan aka yi la'akari da halin da ake ciki na kayayyakin more rayuwa, kudaden shigar da ake bukata domin farfado da shi ya zarce adadin da ake da su a karkashin shirin." (ibid)
Karshensu shi ne:
"Yanayin jin kai a Iraki zai ci gaba da zama mai muni idan babu ci gaba da farfado da tattalin arzikin Iraki wanda hakan ba zai iya cimma ba sai ta hanyar ayyukan jin kai."
Wannan a fili yana ba da haske na gaske kan batun, amma duk da haka Sweeney ya yi watsi da shi. A maimakon haka, Malam Salah ya ci gaba da cewa:
"Ba a taba samun gwamnatinmu da dokokin kasa da kasa suka wajabta wa gwamnatinmu ta kashe kudaden da ake samu daga man fetur don kyautata rayuwar al'ummar Iraki, bukatun farar hula na al'ummar Iraki ba. A baya an yi ta barnatar da kudaden man fetur da makaman kare dangi, kan danniya da yaki”.
Babu wani mai hankali da zai musanta cewa Saddam Hussein dan kama-karya ne mai kisa, amma labarin Mr Salah na tarihin Iraki karya ne kawai. A cewar rahoton da kungiyar leken asiri ta Economist ta kasar Iraki, kafin a kakaba takunkumi, kasar Iraki tana daya daga cikin mafi fa'ida da karimci a kasashen Larabawa. (Iraki: Rahoton Kasa 1995-96)
A cikin rahoton Disamba 1999 kwamitin Red Cross na kasa da kasa ya lura cewa "Shekaru goma da suka gabata, Iraki ta yi alfahari da daya daga cikin mafi kyawun ababen more rayuwa na zamani da mafi girman matsayin rayuwa a Gabas ta Tsakiya", tare da "tsarin kula da lafiya na zamani, hadadden tsari" da "Sahihancin hanyoyin magance ruwa da kayan aikin famfo." (ICRC, 'Iraki: Shekaru Goma na Takunkumai', Disamba 1999)
A cewar Cibiyar Haƙƙin Tattalin Arziki da zamantakewa:
“Sama da kashi 90 cikin 1970 na al’ummar kasar sun sami damar samun kulawar lafiya a matakin farko, gami da tantance dakin gwaje-gwaje da allurar rigakafin cututtukan yara kamar su polio da diphtheria. A cikin shekarun 80s da 1996s, kamfanonin Burtaniya da na Japan sun gina manyan asibitocin zamani a duk fadin Iraki, tare da ci-gaba da fasahohi don gano cutar, ayyuka da magani. Hidimomin sakandare da na manyan makarantu, gami da kulawar tiyata da tallafin bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje, sun kasance suna samuwa ga yawancin al'ummar Iraki akan tuhume-tuhume. Makarantun likitanci da na aikin jinya na Iraqi sun jaddada ilimin mata kuma sun ja hankalin dalibai daga ko'ina cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Yawancin likitocin Iraqi an horar da su a Turai ko Amurka, kuma kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu ƙwararrun ƙwararrun hukumar ne. (Whala ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Mayu XNUMX www.cesr.org)
Me yasa Sweeney ya yi watsi da duk waɗannan tabbatattun tushe da ƙwararrun tushe da hukumomi wajen neman amsoshi kan musabbabin ci gaba da mutuwar jama'a a Iraki? Shin ya yi imani da gaske cewa ƙungiyoyin adawa na Kurdawa da daidaikun mutane da ke arewacin Iraki - tare da dalilai masu ma'ana kuma masu fahinta na son yin mummuna hoto na gwamnatin Irakin gwargwadon iko - sun fi wadannan hukumomi masu zaman kansu da gaskiya? Idan ba haka ba, me ya sa ya nemi amsa daga wurinsu kawai?
SHAWARA AIKI
Manufar Media Lens ita ce haɓaka hankali, tausayi da mutunta wasu. A cikin rubuta wasiƙu zuwa ga ’yan jarida, muna kira ga masu karatu da su kasance da ladabi, rashin fasikanci da rashin cin zarafi.
Rubuta wa John Sweeney a BBC:
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Tambayi John Sweeney dalilin da ya sa, a cikin neman amsoshi game da yawan mace-macen yara a Iraki, ya kasa yin hira da sanannun majiyoyi masu inganci kamar Denis Halliday, Hans von Sponeck, Unicef, da kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama. Me ya sa ba za a nemi wadannan mutane da kungiyoyi masu gaskiya da son zuciya ba, maimakon kungiyoyin adawa da ke cikin gwagwarmaya da makamai da gwamnatin Iraki? Me ya sa ya ci gaba da yin la'akari da yawan mutuwar yara a Iraki a matsayin ikirarin Saddam, maimakon na wadannan mutane da hukumomi masu gaskiya?
Kwafi wasiƙun ku zuwa editan Observer, Roger Alton.
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Kwafi wasiƙun ku zuwa [email kariya].
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