Kafofin yada labarai na kamfanoni a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan sun shagaltu da tayar da hankali da kuma sake ba da rahoton yarjejeniyar da Janet Yellen, Sakatariyar Baitulmali ta Amurka ta yi shawarwari makonni da suka gabata, don samun wasu kasashe 100+ da su rattaba hannu tare da gabatar da 15% madadin harajin kamfanoni na duniya a cikin kasashensu.
Amma me yasa kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun ke sake kawo shi yanzu? Shin hakan ne don tausasa buguwar sokewar Biden na shawararsa na kara harajin kamfanoni a Amurka daga kashi 21% zuwa 26% na Trump? (Ya kasance 35% pre-Trump)? Ko kuma akwai wani abu kuma wanda ya bayyana dalilin da yasa kafofin watsa labaru ke gudanar da labarin haraji na duniya wanda ya riga ya wuce makonni?
Alamar duniya kan mafi ƙarancin haraji na 15% na Biden, wanda aka sanar makonnin da suka gabata, an tsara shi ne don hana manyan kamfanoni na duniya yin amfani da gwamnatoci ta hanyar nema, da samun, yarjejeniyar haraji ta musamman a wasu ƙasashe tare da kashe wasu.
Wani sanannen misali shine Ireland, inda Amurka da sauran ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa ke gano hedkwatarsu kuma suna yin lissafin biyan harajin su na duniya a ƙaramin kuɗin harajin kamfanoni na Ireland wanda shine, a matsakaici, kawai 2% -3%, ga yawancin kamfanoni.
Ireland kuma ita ce wurin da aka fi so don abin da ake kira madaidaicin haraji 'Inversion'. Bisa ga lafazin, ƴan ƙasashen Amurka da yawa suna sayar da kayayyaki ko ayyuka da yawa a wasu ƙasashe, amma suna yin lissafin ribar su a Ireland kawai saboda sun sami hedkwatar kamfaninsu a can. Ba su yin komai a Ireland, a lokuta da yawa, amma suna samun biyan Ireland mafi ƙarancin harajin kamfanoni maimakon yawan adadin haraji a cikin ƙasashen da kamfani ke yin da sayar da kayayyaki da ayyuka.
Manyan kamfanoni na Amurka da suka ci gajiyar wannan madaidaicin Inversion sune magunguna na Amurka, kamfanonin fasaha, kamfanonin kuɗi, kamfanonin tuntuɓar kamfanoni, da sauran su. Ƙarƙashin Clinton kamfanoni na Amurka sun kunna madaidaicin ta hanyar 'duba akwati' a kan takardun harajin kamfanoni na Amurka.
Amma Ireland ba ita ce kawai ƙofar baya daga harajin kamfanoni na cikin gida ba. Akwai tarin wasu. Luxembourg da Netherlands a Turai su ma sun zo a hankali. Akwai kuma a wajen Turai.
Lalacewar harajin juye-juye ya baiwa kamfanoni musamman na Amurka damar yin wasa da wata ƙasa da wata ƙasa kuma su zaɓi mafi ƙanƙanta inda za su ƙaurar da hedkwatarsu da samun ribar duniya a mafi ƙarancin farashi.
Matsakaicin jujjuyawar ba ita ce kawai dabarar da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa na Amurka ke amfani da su ba don motsa ribar su don biyan ƙananan kuɗi a wajen Amurka.
Wata dabarar da manyan kamfanoni na Amurka suka fi so ita ce shiga cikin abin da ake kira magudin farashin 'ciki'. A nan ne kamfani ke sarrafa farashinsa tsakanin rassansa na duniya: alal misali, yana sanya ayyukansa na Amurka biyan farashi mafi girma na sassa da kayan da yake siya daga rassansa a teku. Ta wannan hanyar aikin Amurka yana ƙididdige farashi mai yawa, don haka rage riba; daga mafi girman farashin da yake cajin ayyukanta na Amurka, reshensa yana samun karuwar tallace-tallace da riba mai yawa. Amma yana biyan kuɗi kaɗan a cikin ayyukan da ke cikin teku. A takaice dai, ta hanyar yin wayo na cikin gida kamfani na Amurka na rage riba da haraji a cikin Amurka, yayin da yake kara riba da haraji a teku. An rage yawan kuɗin harajin sa na duniya.
Gwamnatin Biden ta ƙaddamar da fa'idar mafi ƙarancin harajin kamfanoni na 15% na duniya a matsayin wata hanya ta sanya manyan masu guje wa harajin kamfanoni na Amurka abin da za su yi a cikin teku, yin amfani da lamunin ɓarna, ko kuma kawai shiga cikin 'farashin cikin gida' don biyan rabon kuɗin tafiya. Wasu ba su biya komai ba duk da biliyoyin kudaden tallace-tallace. Amma shawarar kashi 15% na Biden bai yi komai ba ga kamfanoni masu sarrafa farashin cikin gida kuma ba komai don kawo karshen juye-juye.
Harajin kamfani na duniya 'tseren kasa' wanda mafi karancin harajin kashi 15% na Biden ya kamata ya daidaita ya yi kama da wasan haraji 'tsere zuwa kasa' da kamfanonin Amurka ke wasa tsakanin jihohin Amurka 50 shekaru da yawa. Shekaru da yawa, kamfanoni na Amurka suna ɗaukar ayyukan hedkwatarsu daga wannan jiha zuwa waccan don rage haraji; ko kuma ya yi barazanar yin hakan domin a samu jihohi da birane a ba su hutun haraji na musamman domin su zauna. Ba sa kiransa 'inversions' kawai lokacin da aka ci gaba a cikin Amurka. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kamfanoni na Amurka da yawa sun fitar da su kuma sun daidaita wannan dabarun haraji zuwa matakin duniya ma. An tsara harajin Biden na duniya don ƙoƙarin yin wani abu game da shi a matakin duniya, yayin da ba ya yin komai a cikin Amurka.
Mafi ƙarancin kashi 15% ya kamata ya dakatar da kamfanoni da ke sarrafa tsarin harajin ƙasashe. Aƙalla abin da Biden da Baitulmalin Amurka suka gaya mana ke nan. Amma kar a amince da mafi ƙarancin kamfani na 15% na duniya don cim ma abin da suka ce zai yi. Ga dalilai uku kacal da ya sa ba:
Na farko, harajin kashi 15% na Biden bazai taɓa ganin hasken rana ba. Zai ɗauki duk ƙasashe 100+ - gami da Amurka - suma su zartar da ainihin dokar haraji bayan kwanan nan, yarjejeniyar 15% mai yawa. Yarjejeniyar 15% kawai ta ce 100+ sun himmatu don gwadawa. Zai ɗauki shekaru kawai kafin a sami rabinsu don zartar da doka.
Na biyu, mafi ƙarancin haraji 15% na duniya da aka sanar kwanan nan yarjejeniya ce ta tattaunawa. Wannan yana nufin, bisa ga Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka, dole ne Majalisar Dattijan Amurka ta fara amincewa da ita (ko kafin a gabatar da wata doka ta Amurka a Majalisa). Shin akwai wanda ke tunanin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka ta yanzu za ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya? Bayan an yi komai don hana duk wata doka mai kara kuzari daga samun kudade ta hanyar sauya harajin Trump?
Na uku, ko da 15% ya wuce majalisar dokoki a Amurka da kasashe 100+ da suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar, abin da zai hana kowace ƙasa ta wuce ƙarin matakan haraji zuwa kashi 15%, tare da keɓancewa, keɓancewa, kashe-kashe haraji credits. , da sauransu?
Harajin Kamfanin na Shekara 40 'Wasan Shell'
Wasan 'harsashi'-watau cinikin kashe kuɗin haraji na kamfanoni don madauki sannan kuma lauyoyin ƙima - ya kasance yana gudana tsawon shekaru, musamman a Amurka.
Wasan harsashi na tsawon shekaru goma yana faruwa ne lokacin da jama'a suka fahimci ɗimbin madogaran da aka ƙirƙira kuma suna buƙatar a rufe su, Majalisa ta zartar da wasu dokoki don rufe kaɗan daga cikin lafuzza da keɓancewa, amma sai ta rage ƙimar harajin kamfanoni.
Kawai dubi tsarin haraji na Amurka tun 1980: duk lokacin da farashin harajin kamfanoni ya ragu sosai kuma hakan ya tada jama'a ire, Congress partially tãyar da baya maras muhimmanci kamfanoni haraji kudi amma a cikin wannan doka ƙara da loopholes, keɓewa, da dai sauransu Wannan Trend a bayyane yake. a 1981 Reagan haraji rage, bi 1986, sa'an nan Clinton a 1997, sa'an nan jerin Bush Jr. haraji rage a 2001-04, sa'an nan Obama a 2012-13.
Trump ya kawo karshen hasashen 'wasan' gaba daya a cikin 2017, duk da haka, lokacin da ya rage yawan kudaden harajin kamfanoni amma bai ma damu da rufe wata hanya ba. Ya kuma kawo karshen duk wani kamannin Harajin Alternative na kamfani. Kamfanin Amurka ya sami faɗuwar iska sau uku. Da Trump 'wasan harsashi' da kansa ya bace. 'Fis a cikin harsashi' ya bayyana don kowa ya gani. Maimakon "Yanzu kun ganta, yanzu ba ku" mun samu 'yanzu kun gan shi, kuma yanzu kun gan shi mafi kyau'!
Wannan 'wasan harsashi' na ƙimar ciniki don madogara a kan lokaci yana haifar da hukumomi suna biyan ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin jimlar tara haraji. Adadin harajin kamfanoni na Amurka da aka yi amfani da shi don samar da fiye da kashi 20% na kudaden harajin gwamnatin Amurka a cikin shekarun 1960; yanzu yana samar da kusan 5%.
Wasan harsashi yana ci gaba tare da Biden 15% mafi ƙarancin harajin kamfani. Za a yi watsi da shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar kamfanoni na Amurka da ke ci gaba da sarrafa farashin su na cikin gida tsakanin ayyukansu na Amurka da na ketare; zai ci gaba har sai madogaran jujjuyawar ta wanzu. 15% yana da kyau a kan takarda amma saboda dalilai daban-daban da aka bayyana a sama, kusan tabbas ba zai yi tasiri ba na shekaru masu yawa-idan ma a lokacin. Idan yarjejeniyar ce kuma ba ta zartar da Majalisar Dattawa ba, don wasu ƙasashe ba za su aiwatar da shi ba idan Amurka ta gaza yin hakan.
Kamfanin A Matsayin Tsarin Jarida
Abin da kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun suka ƙi faɗa lokacin da ake ƙara ƙarar mafi ƙarancin haraji na duniya (ko duk wani raguwar harajin kamfanoni na yau da kullun da ke gudana tsawon shekaru) shine rawar da take takawa a cikin haɓaka samun kuɗi da rashin daidaiton arziki a cikin Amurka a yau.
Kamfanin shine hanyar rarraba ɗimbin kudaden shiga da dukiya ga masu hannun jari. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata fiye da dala tiriliyan 12 kamfanoni a Amurka sun raba wa masu hannun jarinsu ta hanyar siyan hannun jari da kuma rabon riba. A cikin shekarun Obama waɗannan haɗin gwiwar sun tashi daga dala biliyan 700 a shekara zuwa kusan dala tiriliyan 1 a shekara. A karkashin Trump, 2017-2019 adadin ya kai dala tiriliyan 1.2 a shekara. A wannan shekara, 2021, a karkashin Biden ana hasashen zai tashi zuwa dala tiriliyan 1.5. Rarraba yawan kuɗin shiga yana wadatar da ƴan jari hujja, waɗanda galibi ke mayar da su hannun jari, shaidu da sauran tsare-tsaren kuɗi-watau nau'ikan arziƙi-don haka ke haifar da rashin daidaituwar dukiya gami da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga. Dukiyoyin dukiya (watau hannun jari, shaidu, da sauransu) sannan suna jefar da ƙarin samun kudin shiga yayin da sayayya da riba ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa.
Idan kamfani shine hanyar samar da cibiyoyi don isar da ƙarin samun kuɗi da wadata ga ajin jari-hujja, to, wasan harsashi na harajin kamfani shine ruwan da ke ratsawa ta wannan magudanar.
Yayin da masu zuba jari na jari suka tara ƙarin kuɗi da dukiya saboda haɓakar rabon kamfanoni wanda ya sa ya yiwu ta hanyar 'wasan harsashi' haraji, masu zuba jari-masu jarin masu arziki suna ci gaba da adana mafi yawan abin da kamfani ke rarraba musu. Hakanan ana faɗaɗa yawan kuɗin harajin daidaikun mutane da mabuɗin don masu jari-hujja su sami damar adana mafi yawan abin da kamfanoninsu ke rarraba musu na saye da riba.
Haɓaka Harajin Kamfanoni azaman Tallan Siyasa
Wannan wasan harsashi ba zai ƙare da harajin 15% na duniya ba. Haka kuma ba zai ƙare da shawarwarin kwanan nan ba na harajin ɗan biliyan ɗaya ko haraji kan kamfanonin ribar dala biliyan waɗanda 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat ke ba da shawarar yanzu a matsayin tallafin 'hayaki da madubi' don Tsarin Gina Baya na Biden (duba labarina na makon da ya gabata, 'The Shan taba & madubi Harajin Biliyoyi da 15% na Babban Haraji na Kamfanin Amurka'). Haraji na Duniya nau'in iri ɗaya ne, nau'in jinsi ne kawai. Dukkaninsu sun shafi samar da fage ga ’yan siyasa don sa jama’a su yi tunanin wani abu ake yi game da tsarin harajin da ke wadatar da masu hannu da shuni da kamfanoninsu.
Shawarwari na kwanan nan da Biden ya yi don haɓaka harajin kamfanoni a Amurka kaɗan, daga 21% na Trump zuwa 28%, da sun ba da gudummawa ga juyar da yanayin. Don haka ma shawarar da Biden zai yi don haɓaka harajin samun kuɗin shiga na mutum kan masu arziki zuwa kashi 39%. Kafin Trump yawan harajin kamfanoni ya kasance 35%. Ya rage shi zuwa kashi 21%. Biden da farko ya ba da shawarar haɓaka shi zuwa kashi 28%. Sannan ya rage hakan zuwa kashi 26%. Yanzu ya jefar da ita gaba ɗaya a cikin sabuwar 'tsarin'sa don lissafin Gina Baya Better.
Amma shawarwari na haƙiƙanin hauhawar haraji kan kamfanoni da ƴan jari hujja sun yi watsi da su a wannan makon da Biden da 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat suka yi watsi da su ga masu fafutuka na kamfanoni - da shill ɗin su a Majalisar Dattawa (Manchin, Sinema) da House (Cuellar).
Yanzu a maimakon ainihin hauhawar haraji a kan kamfanoni Amurka muna samun hayaki & madubi na harajin biliyoyin kuɗi kuma 'ya yi kyau akan takarda kawai' harajin kamfanoni na 15% na duniya. Yi la'akari da ƙarin watsi da shawarwari don sanya masu arziki da kamfanoni su biya kuma a maye gurbinsu na karin haraji wanda yayi kyau a takarda amma wanda 'yan siyasa suka sani ba zai iya haifar da wani kudaden shiga na gaske ba.
Abin da ake buƙata a maimakon haka shi ne cikakken sake fasalin tsarin harajin Amurka. Wannan tsarin yana da, bisa ga lissafin marubucin, ya samar da kamfanoni na Amurka da masu hannun jarinsu da masu kishin kudi da ba su gaza dala tiriliyan 15 ba a cikin jimlar rage haraji tun 2001! Gyara ba zai yiwu ba. Canjin kudin shiga da dukiya ta hanyar tsarin haraji na yanzu ya kai irin wannan rabbai wanda yin tinkere da shi ba zai wadatar ba. Ana buƙatar wani abu mafi mahimmanci. Amma wannan wani labari ne.
Bi shi akan twitter, @drjacksmus, akan shafin sa, http://jackrasmus.com, da kuma rediyon sa na mako-mako yana nuna kwasfan fayiloli, Alternative Visions, a http://alternativevisions.podbean.com
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
Bada Tallafi
1 Comment
Mafi ƙarancin haraji na 15% na glopal zai zama babban farawa, idan kuma an yarda ba za a iya samun madaidaicin haraji zuwa kashi 15% ba, ko keɓancewa, ko keɓantacce, ko kashe-kashe kuɗin haraji, da sauransu. Mafi ƙarancin haraji na ƙasa da ƙasa zai kawo ƙarshen matsananciyar gasar kasa da kasa don rage haraji don faranta wa kamfanoni masu arziki rai. Zai haifar da matakin wasa don ingantacciyar gasa ta ƙware a cikin ƙirƙira da inganci maimakon irin wannan ɓarna a cikin ɓarna cocieties yana buƙatar mafi kyawun farantawa ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni masu haɗari masu haɗari. Muna buƙatar murƙushe ƙungiyoyin da ke ƙasa don ba za su iya biyan kuɗi mai kyau na haraji da albashi kamar kowa ba. Na yarda cewa za su guje wa biyan kuɗi a cikin wannan sigar ta yanzu, amma za ta yi aiki a fili idan ba su da kuɓuta daga haraji a ko'ina a cikin ƙasa a cikin madaidaicin haraji zuwa kashi 15%, ko keɓancewa, ko keɓancewa, ko kashe-kashe haraji credits, da sauransu. Da zarar mun cimma wannan, to, 15% za a iya haɓaka zuwa matakin da ya fi dacewa da ɗan adam da taurari masu dacewa da bukatu. Na rubuta wani shafi akan wannan baya a cikin 2017 mai suna 'Civilisation & the River' Cheers Jack, mai kyau don karanta aikinku kamar koyaushe.