Duk wanda ke tunanin New York Times wani bangare ne na "kafofin yada labarai masu sassaucin ra'ayi" za a yi amfani da su da kyau ta hanyar duba ayyukan kungiyoyi kamar su. Gaskiya da Gaskiya a Rahoto (FAIR), da kuma gadfly kamar Noam Chomsky, Edward Herman, David Peterson, da sauransu. The Times ta nuna lokaci da lokaci don zama kayan aikin farfaganda ga manyan masu karfin tattalin arziki da siyasa. A kan al'amuran yaki, Times na taimaka wa kullun, ko kuma samar da wurin da masu jingoists za su ci gaba da yaudara game da mutunci da adalci na yaƙe-yaƙe na Amurka.
A cikin "Bayanai Daga Layin Gaba" na Litinin din Times ya ba Ramsey Sulayman, wani babba a cikin Marine Corps Reserve kuma dan majalisa tare da Iraki da Afghanistan Tsohon soji na Amurka (IAVA), sarari don rubuta wani yanki mai taken "A cikin Bidiyon Fitsarar, Halayyar Rashin Zama Mai Ruwa. "
An tabbatar da mu akai-akai cewa Marines sun kasance game da " Girmamawa, Ƙarfafawa , Ƙaddamarwa ", kuma yayin da "yaki shine kasuwanci mai datti," sojojin da suka yi wa wadanda aka kashe su "ba su zama Marine ba." Yawancin maganganun Sulayman sun karanta kamar mutumin kirki zai motsa su da tsoro da girmamawa. Ga zaɓi:
Dabi'un da na koya su ne cewa muna yin faɗa da ƙwazo amma muna kiyaye mutuncinmu. Koyaushe. Muna kashewa a matsayin larura na kasuwancinmu - ba don wasa, jin daɗi, ko don muna iya ba. Abin da ya sa mu ƙwararrun mayaka ke nan. Hakanan ba ma ɗaukar kofuna, abubuwan tunawa, sassan jiki, ko ɓata matattu. Wannan shine abin da ya raba mu da kuma dalilin da ya sa za mu iya da'awar matsayi na ɗabi'a kuma mu yarda da mummunan yaki. Janar James N. Mattis, kwamandan rundunar Amurka ta tsakiya na yanzu, ya taƙaita dokokin yaƙi a Iraki da Afganistan da kyau: "Ku kasance masu ladabi, ku kasance masu ƙwarewa, amma ku yi shirin kashe duk wanda kuka haɗu da shi."
Ta hanyar mayar da yaki zuwa "kasuwanci," da kuma kasancewa "jaruman mayaka" akwai ko ta yaya "mafi girman halin kirki" da za a samu. Sulayman ma ya yi amfani da kalmar "daidai" don kwatanta "ka'idojin yaki a Iraki da Afghanistan": "Ku kasance masu ladabi, ku kasance masu sana'a, amma ku yi shirin kashe duk wanda kuka hadu da shi." Ana faɗin wannan da dukkan mahimmanci da niyyar fitowa a matsayin mai adalci. Yana tunatar da ni waƙar John Lennon mai suna “Jarumi Aiki” inda marigayiya Beatle ya rera waƙa, “Akwai ɗaki a saman suna gaya muku har yanzu, amma da farko dole ne ku koyi murmushi yayin da kuke kashewa.” Kasancewar mutum-mutumi mai ladabi da ke shirye ya kashe kowa, an gaya mana, na mafi girman kyawawan halaye masu kare yanci da yanci za su iya samu. Amma ga Sulayman, masu kashe fitsarin “Marines suna aikata rashin fasaha da rashin dacewa. Ba wai don suna gudanar da sana’arsu ne a lokacin wani farmakin yaki ba, sai don sun tsallaka layin ne bayan an daina fadan.”
Tare da bayyana cewa wadannan mutanen sun yi fitsari a kan wadanda abin ya rutsa da su, ya zo cikin gaggawar mayar da martani daga sakataren tsaron Amurka Leon Panetta yana mai cewa lamarin “abin takaici ne matuka,” kuma ya sanar da gudanar da bincike kan lamarin.
Abin da nake so in yi tambaya shi ne: Menene ainihin "abin takaici," ko "bai dace ba"? Fitsarar da gawawwakin mutanen da muka kashe a yakin laifi, ko kuma kisan (wato yaki) da kansa? Wannan wata muhimmiyar tambaya ce da ya kamata a yi domin idan fitsari ne kawai, kamar yadda Sulaiman yake so ya yi imani, kuma ba za a sami abin kunya ba idan “Rundunar sojojinmu” kawai suka tsaya suna kashe mutane, to rashin alakarmu da ladabi babbar matsala ce fiye da me. ana kiransa "abin takaici."
(A matsayin bayanin kula, duk wannan yana tunatar da ni ɗan gajeren labarin Mark Twain Addu'ar War, wanda nake ba da shawarar kowa ya karanta a ƙarshen wannan labarin.)
Shin za mu iya tunanin irin martanin da za a yi na bacin rai idan mu ne mutanen Afghanistan da Iraki muna karanta wannan? Mene ne idan an juya teburin kuma mu ne aka mamaye kuma aka shagaltar da mu da kuma aikata laifuffuka na yau da kullum "ba tare da zama Marine ba"? Ko kuma idan bala’in da muka jimre ya kasance a hannun samari masu murmushi da suka yi “ƙware”? Za mu kawo karshen baƙin cikinmu kuma mu ce wa kanmu, “Aƙalla wanda ya kashe iyalina ya girgiza ni”? Yaya za mu ji game da jaridar New York Times ta buga wani yanki na labarin da suka raina wahalhalunmu, suka mai da masu laifin zama samari masu jajircewa?
Wannan ba wani keɓantaccen lamari ba ne. A daya daga cikin hare-haren jiragen sama na farko a Afganistan bayan mamayewar Oktoban 2001 shine labarin Daraz Khan, wani dan kasar Afganistan da makami mai linzamin wuta na Amurka ya kashe saboda yana da tsayi, yana da gemu da rawani. A cewar hukumar New York Times, mai magana da yawun Pentagon, Victoria Clarke, ta ce "Mun tabbata cewa manufa ce da ta dace," duk da haka Mista Clarke ya yarda cewa "har yanzu ba mu san ainihin ko wanene ba." Ko da Sakataren Tsaro Donald Rumsfeld ya auna tare da sharhi mai ban tsoro cewa, "Wani ya ce wadannan mutanen ba abin da mutanen da ke kula da Predator suka yarda da su ba," in ji shi. "Dole ne mu gano. Babu wani abu da yawa da kowa zai iya ƙarawa, sai dai akwai nau'i ɗaya kuma akwai ɗayan. " Ba ya ɗaukar tunani mai mahimmanci don kammala cewa babu wani abu "dace" game da kashe mutumin da ba a sani ba saboda yana da tsayi, gemu kuma yana sanye da rawani. A bayyane yake cewa sojojin Amurka sun yi wa mutumin bayanin wariyar launin fata, kuma kamar yadda ake cewa, sun fara harbe-harbe tare da yin tambayoyi daga baya.
Wani misali na kisan kiyashin Amurka shine a watan Janairun 2002 lokacin Time Magazine ya ruwaito shi a wata mai zuwa ta hanyar lura da cewa, "A cikin wani abu da ya zama cikakken harin sari-ka-noke, sojojin Amurka na musamman a ranar 24 ga watan Janairu sun kai hari a makarantar Sharzam da ke Uruzgan" kuma suka kashe dukan mutanen da ke wurin. Wani mai gadi ya ɓuya a cikin rami ya ji mutanen suna roƙon ransu, amma babu wanda ya tsira.
A cewar shaidun gani da ido, kwamandojin na Amurka sun tashi zuwa birnin Uruzgan da misalin karfe 2 na safiyar ranar 24 ga watan Janairu, tare da rakiyar jirage masu saukar ungulu guda takwas da kuma akalla guda biyu masu sulke. 'Yan kasar Afganistan sun ce a lokacin da Amurkawan suka kutsa cikin makarantar, sun tarar mayakan Afghanistan na barci suka fara fesa gadaje da bindigogi.
Amurkawa sun zarge su da kasancewa mayakan Taliban duk da haka su ne abin da mutanen suke kokarin gaya wa sojojin Amurka, wadanda watakila ba su fahimci yarensu ba: "Sojojin da aka kashe a Sharzam, sun ce, ba mayakan abokan gaba ba ne, amma sojojin adawa da Taliban ne. masu biyayya ga shugaban rikon kwarya na Afghanistan Hamid Karzai da Amurka ke marawa baya. Suna cikin kwamitin soji da sabuwar gwamnatin lardin ta nada domin kula da tarin makaman Taliban da suka bari.”
Labarin ya ƙare da wani labari mai ban tsoro na abin da ya faru:
Wani da ya shaida lamarin ya ce Amurkawa sun harbe ‘yan Afghanistan ne a lokacin da suke buya a karkashin gadaje suka fice daga kofar gida. Ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka ta Pentagon ta ce 'yan Afghanistan sun fara harbe-harbe, amma mazauna kauyen sun ce ba su ji karar harbe-harbe daga cikin makarantar ba. An tsinci gawawwakin 'yan Afganistan biyu daure da hannayensu. Wani sojan Amurka ya bar bayanin: “Ku yini mai kyau. Daga Damage Inc. " Kwanaki bayan harin, har yanzu ajujuwan makarantar sun jike da jini mai kauri.
Akwai misalai da yawa na irin wannan zubar da jini. Bayanan hare-haren da jiragen sama marasa matuki ke kashe daukacin bukukuwan aure, ko kuma ayarin motocin Amurka suna bude wuta yayin da suke gudu cikin gari, ko ma sanannen "kashe tawagar” inda sojojin Amurka ke farautar fararen hula tare da daukar hotuna masu ban tsoro suna rike da gawarwakin kamar kofuna, kuma ana samun saukin samun sauki saboda karfin intanet. Kafofin watsa labaru duk da haka, ba su ba wa waɗannan masu zubar da jini damar ɗaukar nauyin da suka dace ba kuma sun riga sun shiga cikin rami na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Misali, yayin da jaridar New York Times ta buga labarin Daraz Khan a wata kasida da ta kunshi kalmomi 1,758, a cikin wata biyu bayan faruwar lamarin kuma ba a taba bayar da labarin kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Uruzgan ba, ba haka yake ba ga wani lamari da aka kashe sojojin Canada a wani lamari na "wuta ta abokantaka" a cikin abin da aka sani da lamarin gonar Tarnak. A cikin Afrilu na 2002 wani Ba'amurke F-16 ya ba da rahoton ganin wuta daga sama zuwa iska, ya nemi ya kunna wuta a wurin kuma yayin da yake "tsaye" matukin ya jefa bam a wurin kafin a gaya masa ya "riƙe wuta . . .Friendlies, Kandahar.” A cikin watanni biyu lamarin ya sami labarai takwas jimlar kusan kalmomi 6,500.
Kwanan nan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da rahoton cewa, a Afganistan, azabtarwa shine "sabuntawa.” Kamar yadda Amurka ke bin al'adar dogon layi na dauloli da ke neman iko da Afghanistan, kuma ba su taba yin hakan ba, an yi dogaro ga sojojin cikin gida don bibiyar kungiyar Islama mai rinjaye, Taliban. Misali mai ban tsoro musamman shi ne kisan kiyashin Dasht-i-Leili inda aka kama dubunnan mayakan Taliban da ake zargi, an ajiye su a cikin kwantena na karfe aka shake su har suka mutu—dukkan sun faru ne da sanin Amurka, da kuma yiwuwar sa ido.
Dangane da Iraki, za mu iya komawa zuwa wani rahoton likita, wanda aka saki a ƙarshen 2010, kuma inda muka koyi yadda tasirin harin da Amurka ta kai a watan Nuwamba na 2004 a Fallujah ya fi abin da Amurka ta yi wa Hiroshima, lokacin da fiye da shekaru 65 da suka wuce Amurka ta zama ƙasa ta farko kuma daya tilo da ta yi amfani da ita. makamin nukiliya ("ɗan ƙaramin yaro") a fagen fama. Wannan ya kasance a Hiroshima, Japan. Bayan kwana uku a Nagasaki an jefar da wani nuke ("yaro mai kitse").
Komawa Falluja, tun da wuri, a cikin yaƙin mu na zalunci da ba bisa ka'ida ba, lokacin da muka “yantar” ƙasar, mun kafa sansanin soji kusa da wata makaranta a garin. A dabi'ance mazauna yankin, wadanda ba abokan Saddam ba, sun yi zanga-zangar. Kuma zanga-zangar ta karu. Sojojin Amurka da suka fahimci cewa ba a gaishe su da alewa ba, sai suka bude musu wuta, inda suka kashe mutane 17 tare da raunata 70. Hankali ya kara ta'azzara a lokacin da mutanen yankin suka kama wasu sojojin haya guda hudu na Blackwater, suka rataye su daga kan gada suka banka musu wuta. jiki. Amurka ta mayar da martani da kakkausar murya da rashin daidaito (wato laifin yaki). Kamar yadda ake tsammani, Fallujah ya zama alamar tsayin daka ga sojojin Amurka. Wannan shine lokacin bazara na 2004.
Bayan zaben shugaban kasa a watan Nuwamba 2004, kuma yayin da juriya ta karu kamar wutar daji, Amurka ta sake kai wani babban hari wanda ya haifar da laifukan yaki da dama. Mun lalata garin a zahiri amma kafin mu yi hakan, mun ƙi barin “masu yaƙi” su fice duk da cewa an san cewa ’yan tawayen sun riga sun fice. Abin da ya biyo baya shine ɓarna da ta haɗa da na al'ada da makamai masu guba (fararen phosphorus/Whiskey Pete/WP). Wasu sun ce WP ba makamin sinadari ba ne. Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne kawai saboda mun dogara da sinadarai na WP a matsayin makami kuma mun yi amfani da su a kan mutane, wanda bisa doka ya zama makamin sinadarai.
Fallujah bazai taɓa murmurewa daga lalacewar jiki na zaluncinmu ba, kuma tasirin lafiyar zai iya ci gaba shekaru da shekaru masu zuwa. Kamar Japan, wacce har yanzu tana fama da matsalar makaman nukiliya da kasancewar sojojin Amurka inda ake sa ran yawan jama'a za su kafa da yawa daga cikin lissafin kasancewar mu mai halakarwa (mazauna Okinawa har yanzu suna ƙoƙarin korar mu), mutanen Fallujah suna da wahala rayuwa a gaba. daga cikinsu kuma babu wani dalili da zai sa a yi imani da cewa Amurka na da wata niyya don saukaka musu. A gaskiya ma, kusan lokacin da Shugaba Obama ya yi magana game da Fallujah ya kasance a cikin yanayin wahalar da muka sha, kamar yadda ya yi a lokacin da yake dan majalisar dattawan Amurka.
Yayin da aka gabatar da jerin korafe-korafe kan Saddam Hussein kafin da kuma lokacin yakin, da alama mun yi nasarar cimma kowane daya daga cikinsu a cikin shekaru uku na mamayar da muka yi: gagarumin kama-karya, azabtarwa, keta dokokin kasa da kasa iri-iri da suka hada da laifuffukan yaki da laifuka. a kan bil'adama, amfani da ta'addanci da makami mai guba kan al'ummar Iraki.
Bisa lafazin Mujallar Artillery Magazine, bugun Sojoji:
WP ya tabbatar da kasancewa mai tasiri kuma mai dacewa. Mun yi amfani da shi don tantance ayyukan a wurare biyu kuma, daga baya a cikin yaƙin, a matsayin makami mai ƙarfi a kan maharan a cikin layin mahara da ramukan gizo-gizo inda ba za mu iya samun tasiri a kansu tare da HE [High Explosive]. Mun harba ayyukan "girgiza da gasa" a kan maharan, ta amfani da WP don fitar da su kuma ya fitar da su.
An yi amfani da farin Phosphorus a matsayin makamin sinadari - bugu na sojojin Amurka ya bayyana shi a matsayin "albashi mai inganci kuma iri-iri" - inda ake amfani da kayan sinadaransa "a matsayin makamin tunani" domin a kashe su cikin sauki. Har ila yau “hanyar yaƙi” tana da suna: “shake da gasa.” Lokacin da 'yan tawayen Iraqi suka shiga cikin "layi da ramukan gizo-gizo inda ba za mu iya yin tasiri a kansu tare da HE" Marines za su yi amfani da Whiskey Pete don "girgiza" su don su iya "gasa" su tare da HE.
Don fallasa gaskiyar cewa mun daɗe da sanin ana amfani da WP azaman makamin sinadarai za mu iya juya zuwa takaddar DIA na 1995 mai taken "YIWUWA AMFANI DA SAURAN CHEMICAL"Wannan shine game da zargin Saddam Hussein da yin amfani da Whiskey Pete akan Kurdawa a 1991 (tashin hankalin da Amurka ta yi kira da kuma barin Saddam ya kashe). A cikin wannan takarda mun yarda da WP a matsayin makamin sinadari:
YIWUWAR YIWA IRAKI AIKI NA MAKAMIN PHOSPHORUS — A KARSHEN FEBRUARY 1991, BAYAN NASARA MAI GIRMA DA SOJOJIN HADIN KAI AKAN IRAQI, ‘Yan Tawayen Kurdawa sun yunkuro da fafatawa a NIRAQI. A LOKACIN TSOKACI MAI TSARKI WANDA YA BIYO TASHIN KURDIYA, IRAQI TA RUQA MASU BIYAYYA GA SHUGABA SADDAM (HUSSEIN) TAYI YIWU TAYI AMFANI DA FARAR PHOSPHOROUS (WP) MAKAMIN SAUKI AKAN KURDI3412(04401) 3652E) (Kusa da iyakar IRAN ) DA DOHUK (GEOCOORD: 04301N/1988E) (Kusa da BORDER IRAQI), IRAQI. YANZU-YANZU DA HARKOKIN ARZIKI DA ARZIKI NA ARZIKI (BABU KARIN BAYANI A WANNAN LOKACIN). A GASKIYA A WANNAN LOKACIN IRAQI BA SU YI AMFANI DA GASKIYAR JIJA KAMAR YADDA SUKA YI A 3511, A HALABJA (GEOCOORD:04559N/XNUMXE), IRAQI SABODA SUNA TSORON YIWU RABUWAR SANYA DAGA JAHAR AMERICA. WADANNAN RAHOTANNI NA YIWU HARIN HARIN MAKAMIN WP NA YIWA YADUWAR SARAUTA A TSAKANIN AL'UMMAR KURDIYA A ERBIL DA DOHUK. SABODA HAKA DUBU DUBUNAN KUROD SUN TSIRA DAGA WADANNAN YANUNA GUDA BIYU SUKA WUCE IYAKAR IRAQI ZUWA TURKI. A MATSAYIN HAKA, Hukumomin Turkiyya sun KAFA CIBIYOYIN YAN GUDUN DAMA A KAN iyakar Turkiyya da IRAQI. HALIN DA YAN GUDUN KURDIYA SUKE CIKIN WADANNAN CIBIYOYI BABU MASU MATSAYI, ABINCI, RUWA, DA KAYAN MAGANI (BABU KARIN BAYANI A WANNAN LOKACI).
Wannan kusan kamar harin da Amurka ta yi wa Fallujah. A cikin 1991 'yan tawayen Kurdawa ne, wanda Shugaba Bush ya tunzura su amma sai aka ba su damar murkushe su, wanda Saddam ya murkushe shi tare da WP wanda a ciki daruruwan dubban suka gudu don zama a cikin matsuguni masu ban tsoro. Haka dai ya faru da Fallujah.
Yayin da Lt Col Venable ya yarda cewa an yi amfani da WP don kaddarorin sa masu guba a matsayin "hanyar yaƙi" ya yi da'awar kuskure cewa amfani da shi doka ne. Ba haka ba ne. Ko da bisa ga wani sashe daga littafin koyarwa da Dokar Sojan Amurka da Makarantar Janar na Ma'aikata (CGSC) ke amfani da shi a Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, a bayyane yake cewa "ya saba wa dokar yaƙin ƙasa yin amfani da WP a kan harin ma'aikata."
Amma babu damuwa, Amurka. An yi wannan “cikin ladabi” ta “ƙwararrun mayaka” waɗanda ke da “girmama.”
Wani abu mai ban sha'awa da aka bayyana yayin da Amurkawa ke barin watan da ya gabata shine dan jaridar New York Times wanda ya faru akan wasu shafuka dari hudu na takardun sojojin Amurka da suka shafi 2005 Hadiza kisan gilla inda sojojin Amurka suka kashe kusan fararen hula guda biyu, yawancinsu mata da yara. A cikin labarin mun karanta game da wata shaida inda soja ya ce kashe-kashen ba "abin ban mamaki ba ne" saboda, "Ya faru a kowane lokaci, ba lallai ba ne a cikin MNF-West a kowane lokaci, amma a duk fadin kasar."
Wannan misali ne kawai na ta'addancin da mutanen Afganistan da Iraki suka sha. A Iraki kadai, fiye da mutane miliyan daya ne suka mutu, tare da wasu miliyoyi da aka tsarkake daga al'ummominsu, ko suka ji rauni, ko sun ji rauni, ko kuma marasa lafiya da ciwon daji saboda amfani da gurɓataccen uranium. A Afganistan, yaki da mamayar da aka yi ba a yarda da su ba, wanda hakan ya sa goyon bayan Taliban ya karu sosai. A cikin 2007 kafin Shugaba Obama na "tashin hankali," Taliban sun mallaki rabin kasar. Yanzu suna sarrafa fiye da 90%. Yakin da mamaya ya nuna cewa ba a yarda da shi ba har mataimakin shugaban kasa Biden ya canza hanya kuma ya ce Taliban ba "Makiya,” yayin da Taliban ta bude wata sanarwa ofis a Qatar don fara shawarwarin sasanta yakin.
Sulayman ya ce sojojin ruwa "suna yin abin da ya dace domin abu ne da ya dace ba tare da la'akari da abin da na kusa da mu za su kyale ba," amma hakan ba haka yake ba saboda kasancewar yakin Iraki ya shafe kusan shekaru tara, da kuma cewa Afghanistan Yaki ne har yanzu tashin hankali. Duk waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe guda biyu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ne (kuma rashin ɗa'a), kuma duk wani sojan da ya shiga ya karya rantsuwar rajista kuma ba sa yin abin da ya dace. Hasali ma, dalilin da ya sa dubban ɗaruruwan sojoji ba su yi abin da ya dace ba shi ne, suna biyayya ga waɗanda ke kewaye da su. Ba a “ba da izini,” kuma ba a jure shi ba. Sojojin da suka ƙi bin umarni da “yin abin da ya dace domin shi ne abin da ya dace ba tare da la’akari da abin da waɗanda ke kewaye da mu za su ƙyale ba” su ne aka hukunta. Jama'a kamar Ehren Watada, Naser Abdo, Stephen Funk, Victor Agosto, da Bradley Manning ƴan tsiraru ne na masu adawa, kuma ana neman hukunci a kowane hali. Har batun Alexis Hutchinson— sojan da ya ƙi tura sojoji don ta kula da jaririn da ta haifa—ya jimre sojoji suna ƙoƙarin hukunta ta don ta yi abin da ya dace.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa wannan yanki na Sulayman ya ɓace gaba ɗaya daga yanayin siyasa, tattalin arziki, muhalli da ɗan adam da ke kewaye da yake-yaken da yake karewa. Yana magana game da kyawawan dabi'u, amma mutunci na gaske, jajircewa da sadaukarwa ba ya cikin biyayya ga umarnin a je a kashe a mamaye, amma cikin rashin biyayya. Abin da ke sa mutum jajirtacce ko jarumta ba shine ya zama jarumi mai ladabi da ƙwararru—dan amshin shata—ga daular masu laifi ba, amma wajen yin tsayayya da shi. Idan Sulayman yana so ya ga ainihin halayen halayensa zai kasance yana duban Bradley Manning, wanda ya jimre kusan shekaru biyu na tsare, sau da yawa a cikin yanayin azabtarwa, don yada takardun da ke nuna cin hanci da rashawa da aikata laifuka a yakin Amurka da manufofin kasashen waje. Cewa Times ta samar wa Sulayman dandamalin da zai yada maganganunsa na jingoistic yana faɗi da yawa game da "takardar rikodin" da hidimarsu ga Jagoran Yaƙi.
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