Inkulumo eNgqungqutheleni Yokugubha iminyaka engama-40 ye-Muslim Youth Movement, eNyuvesi yaKwaZulu-Natali, eThekwini, mhla zingama-30 kuMandulo wezi-2012.
Ngesikhathi lapho ukuvukela umbuso okudumile kugcwele umhlaba wonke, i-United States kufanele iqinise, ingabi buthaka, imithetho eyisisekelo yomthetho nezimiso zobulungisa ezibalwe ku-Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Kodwa esikhundleni sokwenza umhlaba uphephe kakhudlwana, ukwephulwa kweMelika kwamalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke kusiza izitha zethu futhi kuhlukanise nabangane bethu.
– Owayengumongameli waseMelika uJimmy Carter, 25 Juni 2012, New York Times
Izenzo zase-US kusukela ngo-9/11 zimelela isigaba sokugcina emzamweni wekhulunyaka we-US wokuqeda iphrojekthi yokwenza ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke okuholwa yi-US kube into engokoqobo emhlabeni wonke ngezikhathi ezintathu zomlando: 1) umzamo wokudala imfundiso ye-Monroe yomhlaba wonke phakathi kuka-1898. nango-1919; 2) ukwakhiwa kokuphatha kukaRoosevelt kweZikhungo zeBretton Woods – iBhange Lomhlaba kanye ne-IMF – kanye ne-UN; kanye 3) nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke - umzamo oholwa yi-US wokusungula umbuso omusha womhlaba wonke osuselwe ekuhwebeni kwamahhala, ukuhoxiswa kwemithetho, kanye nokwenza izinto ezizimele.
-Neil Smith, The Endgame of Globalization, 2005
Isekela likaNobhala Wezwe laseMelika e-Afrika kanye nowayeyinxusa izikhathi ezintathu, uJohnnie Carson, uhlonishwe nguBrooks Spector muva nje Daily Maverick, esihlokweni esithi “UMnu Africa waseMelika”. Nakuba kufaneleka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlonipha abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika abaphikelela phezulu naphezu kokucwasa okujulile kwangaphakathi kwalelo zwe, u-Spector wenza izimangalo eziphikisanayo zezombangazwe nezomnotho mayelana “nokusha” Inqubomgomo yase-US Afrika. “Kwabanye ababukele okungenani”, uthi, “ubambiswano olusha luka-Barack Obama ne-Afrika lwamenyezelwa enkulumweni yakhe e-Accra [Julayi 11, 2009], lapho ememezela ukuthi inkathi yendoda engumashiqela yase-Afrika isiphelile – kaput!”[1] Njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi, nokho, iWashington igcine ubudlelwano obuhle kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo zomashiqela base-Afrika.
U-Spector ube esevumelana nezimangalo zikaCarson zokuthi “intshisekelo ye-US ezwenikazi isukela ngokuyisisekelo intshisekelo yayo yokuqinisa ezohwebo ukuze isize amazwe ase-Afrika akhulise umnotho wawo futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zentuthuko”, nokuthi “i-US ifuna ukusebenzisana namazwe ase-Afrika ukuqinisa izikhungo zentando yeningi, okuhle. ukubusa kanye nemizamo yokuqeda inkohlakalo [kanye] nokugqugquzela ukukhula komnotho ngokusebenzisa imigomo eqhutshwa yimakethe, yohwebo lwamahhala”. Uxolo, kodwa sikhumbula ukwesekwa kwe-Washington okuhoxisa ukulawulwa kokuzitika kwemakethe kwe-Wall Street, okwathi ngo-2008-09 kwaba nomthelela ukuwohloka komnotho okubi kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele eminyakeni engu-80, okuholela ezizungeze isigidi saseNingizimu Afrika sokulahlekelwa yimisebenzi. Siyakwazi lokho abacebile kuphela abalulama kuze kube manje, nokuthi e-US, i-1% ephezulu ithole amaphesenti angama-93 ayo yonke imali engenayo kusukela ngo-2009, ngoba uhlelo aluzange lulungiswe. Futhi ubani ongakhohlwa ubuzenzisi be-White House uma kukhulunywa ngobuningi futhi kaningi izibonelelo ezingekho emthethweni ze-US agro-corporate eziqhubeka nokubhuntshisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-Afrika? Futhi ingabe likhona inhlokodolobha uhlelo lwalo lwezepolitiki lonakaliswe kakhulu yizinkampani (ikakhulukazi amabhange) iminikelo yomkhankaso kuneWashington, okuholela ekungabuseni okwedlulele okungako U-Obama akakwazi ngisho ukwenza umzamo wokulahla umuntu osebhange ngecala ngenxa yezenzo ezimbi zezomnotho ezinomlando womhlaba?
Ukucatshangelwa okunephutha kukaSpector ukuthi ngokwanda kokuhwebelana (kanye nokuba sengozini) komnotho womhlaba, “i-Afrika” iyakhula. Nakuba idlanzana labantu abakhethekile selicebile ngempela ekukhishweni, okuphambene kuyiqiniso nakakhulu, uma senza ukulungisa okulula, okunengqondo ku-GDP: okuhlanganisa nokumoshwa “kwemali yemvelo” yase-Afrika (ibinzana elingenangqondo kodwa elisetshenziswa ngokwandayo ngabadansi bamandla ababheke ' Umnotho Ohlaza'). Ukulinganisa lokhu kulahlekelwa yinto abaholi abayi-10 base-Afrika abavumelana ngayo ukuthi baqale ukuyenza ngoMeyi, ngo Isimemezelo saseGabarone esungulwe ngumongameli weBotswana uIan Khama kanye lenhlanganiso yeNGO Conservation International. Ukulungiswa kubandakanya ukubala ukuphuma kwezimali zemvelo (ikakhulu izimbiwa ezingavuseleleki/izinsiza zikaphethiloli) hhayi nje okwesikhathi esifushane. credit kuya ku-GDP (“ngokuphuma kwezimpahla” ezikala izinsiza ezikhishiwe nezithengiswayo), kodwa futhi njengesikhathi eside debit ezitokweni zemvelo, njengoba izinsiza ezingavuseleleki zingasatholakali ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Yehlisa inani lokuqedwa kwezinsiza, futhi ingcebo iyancipha e-Afrika kanye naseMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Ngisho neBhange Lomhlaba lisithatha ngokungathi sína isidingo sokulungisa i-GDP, isb encwadini yalo ka-2011 Umcebo Wezizwe Oshintshayo, okuphetha ngokuthi esikhundleni sokuthi ukukhula ngokushesha, njengoba kuvame ukukhangiswa abahlaziyi abangenalwazi, I-Afrika incipha ngokushesha.
Ngokulandelako Kulinganiselwa ngonyaka wezi-2007-08 (izilinganiso zokugcina ezitholakalayo), ukwehla kwe-Sub-Saharan Africa ku-Adjusted Net Savings kudlule amaphesenti angu-6 emali engenayo kazwelonke (futhi lokho akubandakanyi ukuphuma kwedayimane ne-uranium, okunzima kakhulu ukuba iBhange Lomhlaba likwazi ukubala) .
"Isiqalekiso sensiza" ezwenikazi lonke senza isibhicongo samhla ziyi-16 ku-Agasti, 2012, eMarikana sibukeke njengepikiniki, futhi sisivumela ukuthi sichithe i-athikili ka-Spector njengohlobo lwe-spin-doctoring fluff umuntu ayithola ku-State Department's Information Service yase-US (owayengumqashi wakhe wokuqala). umqashi). Kodwa leyo akuyona indawo eyanelisa kakhulu yokushiya izindaba, ngoba imibono ebanzi mayelana ne-US e-Afrika nayo idinga ukucatshangelwa kabusha, ngokwengxenye ngoba iNingizimu Afrika izosingatha ingqungquthela ye-BRICS eThekwini ngoMashi ozayo, futhi sibhekene nezinkulumo ezivela Pretoria mayelana “noguquko olusha” ezimakethe zamandla ezimakethe ezisafufusa, okusolakala ukuthi luphonsela inselelo uhlelo lwamandla angaphezu kwamandla awodwa lokubusa komhlaba wonke. Ngakho-ke sekuyisikhathi sokuthi kubhekwe ukuthi amagama amabili ase-US kanye ne-Imperialism asahambisana kahle yini, bese (ngesinye isikhathi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze) ukuthi ngabe iNingizimu Afrika Eqalekisiwe Nezisetshenziswa nayo ikufanele yini ukuchazwa ngokuthi “i-sub-imperialist” ngenxa yokubambisana kwayo okuphikelelayo njengezwe. isekela-sheriff yezomnotho eWashington. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, uThabo Mbeki wethula i-New Partnership for Africa's Development, yabizwa ngokuthi “indawo yefilosofi” ngumanduleli kaCarson embusweni kaBush, uWalter Kansteiner. Njengoba bobabili omongameli sebehambile cishe iminyaka emine, yini entsha futhi ehlukile?
Ngabe iWashington, njengoba kusho uCarson, isizile i-Afrika ukuthi ibe yintando yeningi? Umbono ojwayelekile woMnyango Wezwe LaseMelika usekelwe “ekukhulumeni kwesokunxele” kukaWashington ngentando yeningi. Uma uhlolisisa, u-Obama no-Carson “bahamba kwesokudla”, emgudwini ofanayo we-neo-Conservative u-George W. Bush awulungiselwe kulo lonke elase-Afrika lezempi, i-geopolitical kanye ne-extractive-economic terrain. Ngenxa yoxhaso lweWhite House, ondlovukayiphikiswa base-Afrika abangababulali basaphethe amandla kuze kube sekwephuzile, okusobala ukuthi uHosni Mubarak wase-Egypt, yena ngokwakhe onenani lamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40 (ngokusho kwe Izindaba ze-ABC umbiko) futhi owathola izigidigidi eziningi zamaRandi ngosizo lwezempi lwase-US ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kulandela inkulumo ka-Obama. Njengomphathi kaCarson Hillary Clinton waphawula ngo-2009, "Impela ngithatha uMongameli kanye noNkk. Mubarak njengabangane bomndeni wami", futhi wanikeza lesi sihluku ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba undlovukayiphikiswa okhohlakele ngoFebhuwari 2011: "Ukuhlola kwethu ukuthi uhulumeni waseGibhithe uzinzile." Njengomphumela wothando lwakhe ngomunye wabantu ababi kakhulu base-Afrika, izishoshovu eziyinhloko zenhlangano yentando yeningi yase-Egypt zaphenduka ihlombe kuClinton. aphinde futhi aphinde.
Ukuxosha kukaWashington abanye ondlovukayiphikiswa kwaphawulwa emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kwenkulumo ka-Obama yaseGhana, lapho iNxusa lakhe leNhlangano Yezizwe USusan Rice umemezele isidlo sasemini eNew York nezinhloko zezwe zase-Afrika ezingama-25 (abangu-40 ababemenyiwe): "Sibheke ukuba nengxoxo nabaholi abanomthwalo wemfanelo mayelana nekusasa lentuthuko yezomnotho nezenhlalakahle e-Afrika."
U-Obama wadla neziqhwaga eziningi ngalolo suku, njengoba ohulumeni abambalwa kuphela (i-Eritrea, iGuinea, iKenya, iMadagascar, iNiger, iSudan kanye neZimbabwe) “abashiywe ohlwini lwezivakashi ngenxa yezingxabano ngokubusa kwabo noma ubudlelwano obuphikisanayo neWashington”, ngokusho kweKenya Nation iphephandaba. Phakathi kwabangama-40 kwakukhona umashiqela waseCameroon uPaul Biya, futhi njengowakhe ihhovisi libike, “Ekupheleni kwamahora amabili nesigamu abawachithe ndawonye, iningi labaholi base-Afrika laphuma ehholo lokudlela libonakala linelisekile.” Intando yeningi namalungelo abantu kuvele kwashiywa ohlelweni, ngokusho kwesithangami sesikhulu sezokuphepha eWhite House Africa, Michelle Gavin.
Omunye owayekhona ngumongameli waseGambia u-Yahya Jammeh, uColonel okwathi ngemva kokuketula umbuso wentando yeningi ngo-1994 futhi kamuva wathi usethole ikhambi le-AIDS, ngenyanga edlule wagxekwa kabusha ngabameli bamazwe ngamazwe bamalungelo abantu ngemva kokwenza inqwaba yokuqala abayisishiyagalolunye kwabangama-40 ababengase babe khona. umugqa wokufa ukubulawa (labo abasatshiswayo bahlanganisa ikhehla elineminyaka engama-84, iziboshwa eziyisishiyagalombili ezinezinkinga zempilo yengqondo kanye nezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe eziyisishiyagalombili). Njengoba inethiwekhi yezakhamizi zendawo yakubeka, “Ngenxa yokuthi Uhulumeni waseGambia usebenzisa isigwebo sentambo kanye nezinye izigwebo ezinzima njengethuluzi lokuthulisa ukungaboni ngaso linye kanye nabaphikisayo kwezombusazwe, i-Civil Society Associations Gambia ikholelwa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukubulawa kuyinkomba yonya umbuso kaMengameli uJammeh ozimisele ngawo ukuqeda ukungezwani kwezombusazwe.” Kodwa-ke lapho ebuzwa ukuthi, njenge-European Union, uMnyango Wezwe LaseMelika "uzoba nempendulo ethile akufanele yini balalele lezi zixwayiso ukuze bangaqhubeki?", lesi sikhulu. impendulo bekuphola: "Ngicabanga ukuthi asikaphenduli ngocingo okwamanje.”
Esinye isizathu sokungamcasula u-Jammeh ukuthembela kwe-Central Intelligence Agency yase-US esikhumulweni sezindiza sase-Banjul njengendawo eyimfihlo eya kuyo kanye nendawo yokufaka uphethiloli “ukuhumusha” izisulu, okungukuthi ukudluliselwa okungekho emthethweni kwabasolwa ngokuba ngamaphekula emazweni abahlukumezayo egameni leWashington. Ngokusho kwalowo owayengumakadebona wezempi yasemoyeni waseMelika kanye Miami Herald intatheli Sherwood Ross, phakathi kwamazwe angu-28 “ayebambe iziboshwa egameni le-US ngokusekelwe kudatha eshicilelwe” kukhona ishumi nambili lase-Afrika: Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Kenya, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Somalia, South Africa and Zambia.
Ngaphandle kweKenya neZambia, yonke le mibuso ihlala isondelene nePentagon, yingakho kunzima kumademokhrasi angempela. NgoMashi odlule, njengoba igagasi lase-Arab Spring lisuka empumalanga lisuka eTunisia, u-Obama wesekela umbuso wase-Djibouti Ismail Omar Guelleh ngokumelene nababhikishi abasekela intando yeningi, ngokusobala ngenxa yobushiqela obuncane bokusingatha izinkulungwane zamasosha ase-US endaweni okuwukuphela kwayo okuphethwe yiWashington ezwenikazi.
Ubudlelwano obunjalo bokuzenzisa abuqali, futhi nakuba esebenze isikhathi esingaphansi kwesikhashana eSigele sase-US, u-Obama wakha ubuhlobo nabanye abahlonishwa kakhulu bezwekazi. Ukukhuthaza izithakazelo zase-US ngendlela yenzuzo eyinkimbinkimbi yezempi, "impi yobushokobezi" ehlala ikhula kanye nesizinda sezombusazwe esimelene namaShayina, yizona zinto ezivamile ezenza imifelandawonye yase-Washington yase-Afrika. Ezinye izibonelo ziyimifanekiso:
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Ngo-2006, ngaphambi kokuba abe ngumongameli wavakashela Umashiqela waseChad u-Idriss Deby ngokwengxenye uzocindezela icala le-Chevron Texaco, uDeby ayesanda kuyixosha ngenxa yokwehluleka ukukhokha intela eyanele.
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U-Obama unwebe ngendlela edabukisayo impatho kakhaphethi obomvu umashiqela waseGabon ocebe ngowoyela we-kleptocrat Ali BongoEzinyangeni ezingu-15 ezedlule naphezu kwempikiswano engakaze ibonwe.
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Lokhu kwalandelwa isimemo esifanayo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule kundunankulu wase-Ethiopia ngaleso sikhathi uMeles Zenawi, naphezu kokuphikisa Abaholi be-Human Rights Watch kanye ne-Amnesty International owakhononda, “I-United States, iBhange Lomhlaba, kanye nezinye izifundazwe nezikhungo zibonise ukunaka okuncane noma ukunganaki irekhodi lase-Ethiopia elibhebhethekayo lamalungelo abantu. Ngokumema u-Meles engqungqutheleni ye-G-8, uhulumeni wase-US uthumela umyalezo okhombisa kahle ukuntula ukukhathazeka ngesimo samalungelo abantu e-Ethiopia, futhi okubi kakhulu, kuzothathwa njengokuvumelana ne-US kwezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni wase-Ethiopia. ” Ngemuva kokushona kukaMeles ngo-Agasti, i-New York Times wavuma ukuthi “wayedume kabi ngokucindezela, ebukela phansi inkulumo ka-Obama yalokho I-Afrika ayibadingi abantu abaqinile, idinga izikhungo eziqinile”. Lo mbhalo ucaphune owayeyisikhulu soMkhandlu Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke wase-US uJohn Prendergast mayelana “nesiphithiphithi senqubomgomo” ebudlelwaneni baseWashington ne-Ethiopia, iRwanda, i-Uganda neSouth Sudan: “Bonke basebenzele izimfuno zaseMelika noma banesifunda esiqinile sase-US, kodwa bonke akhathaza kakhulu amarekhodi amalungelo abantu.” (Ukuthi lokhu “kuyindida ekhathazayo” noma esikhundleni salokho okuchazwa kangcono njengesiko elihlonishwa isikhathi kukumfundi ukuthi anqume.)
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Ukweseka kuka-Obama isiqhwaga saseRwanda uPaul Kagame, okuhlanganisa no-$800 million ngonyaka wokusiza futhi ngoJuni 2012, ukuvikela ngokumelene nokungenzeka. I-UN igxeka ngokusekela ukubulawa kohlanga eCongo, yakhanga izikhalazo ngokuhlonishwa ubulungiswa bezenhlalo amaqembu (kuhlanganise neHotela Rwanda Rusesabagina Isisekelo). UMaurice Carney ye- Friends of the Congo iyachaza, “Kusukela iRwanda yahlasela iCongo ngo-1996, izigidi zabantu baseCongo ziye zabhubha, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabesifazane adlwengulwa ngendlela ehleliwe futhi ingcebo yaseCongo yaphangwa. Ngakho-ke umthelela wendima yeRwanda ekucekeleni phansi iCongo ube buhlungu kubantu bakulesi sifunda ikakhulukazi abantu baseCongo. Futhi lokhu kuyingxenye edabukisayo mayelana naso sonke isimo, ngoba kungaphakathi kwe-United States ukuthi ibambe umlingani wayo, kodwa ayikakwenzi lokho kuze kube manje. " UWashington wabe esegxeka uKagame, ngokusobala ngenxa yokuphendukela kwakhe kubathengi abasha baseShayina, ngokusho komhlaziyi. Eddie Haywood: “Izintambo zoMnyango Wezwe LaseMelika ezikhishwe yi-Wikileaks zibonisa ukuthi iWashington ibibubhekisise ubudlelwano bezomnotho eRwanda-China. Ebhekisela emihlanganweni yezikhulu zaseRwanda nethimba lamaShayina, izintambo zaqaphela izivumelwano zezomnotho zaseRwanda neChina kanye nezimali ezibolekiwe eBeijing zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala iHhovisi Lezangaphandle kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali umsebenzi wesitimela. I-China iphinde yavuma ukucabangela ukuxhasa ngezimali ukwakhiwa kwenkundla entsha, isikhungo sabesifazane, kanye neConfucius Institute. I-Rwanda icele izithunywa ukuthi zifinyelele izimakethe zase-China mahhala, futhi kwaxoxwa ngokulinywa kwerayisi laseRwanda namaphrojekthi emigwaqo. Njengoba iRwanda iyisango lezokuthutha lezinsizakusebenza eziningi zaseCongo eziya emakethe yomhlaba, akusho ukuthi 'ukulawula kweChina ngokutshala imali' kwephrojekthi kaloliwe enqamula iRwanda idlulele echwebeni elisogwini olusempumalanga yeTanzania kuzophakamisa ukukhathazeka eWashington. ”
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Ngonyaka odlule, ecaphuna izithakazelo zezokuphepha kuzwelonke e-US, u-Obama wakhipha isiyalo ukuze kuthunyelwe usizo lwezempi olungaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $200 emibusweni ehlangene ne-US eSomalia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Libya, South Sudan kanye neYemen naphezu kohlaka luka-2008. Umthetho wase-US owenqabela uxhaso olunjalo ngenxa yokuqashwa kwamasosha ayizingane. Ngokusho kwabeHuman Rights Watch UJo Becker, “Abaphathi baka-Obama bebengazimisele ngisho nokuncipha kancane ekusizeni amasosha kohulumeni abaxhaphaza izingane njengamasosha. Izingane zikhokha inkokhelo ngobuholi bayo obungebuhle.”
Nakuba uprofesa waseNorthwestern University Richard Joseph ayinikezi iWashington udumo ngeqhaza layo ekuqhubekiseni intando yeningi (nakuba kufunwa yi-US) e-Côte d'Ivoire, eGuinea, eNiger, eNigeria, eSenegal naseMalawi, umlayezo ophelele ungowobuzenzisi obedlulele: U-Obama uphikisana kuphela nobushiqela base-Afrika anti-US (noma uhlangene ne-China), kodwa uma unamandla angaphansi kwesifunda, usize ekuzingeleni i-Al Qaeda noma ube nemithombo kawoyela eningi, ungenza ubugebengu obuhlasimulisayo futhi uthole i-op eyigugu yesithombe se-White House.
Ku-WikiLeaks siyethemba
Sikwazi ngokwengxenye lokhu ngenxa ye-NGO WikiLeaks, okwathi ngasekupheleni kuka-2010 yashicilela okungaphezu kwalokho Izintambo ezingu-250,000 zoMnyango Wezwe LaseMelika. Lokhu kubonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi uClinton, Bush kanye no-Obama bayithuthukisa kanjani, bayigcina noma bayibeka kanjani imibuso engenademokhrasi lapho lokhu kuhambisana nezintshisakalo zase-US. (Ngokushesha, u-Spector akasho ngisho ngale ngcebo njengomthombo lapho ebuyekeza incwadi kaCarson. Bona fidesNgenxa ye-WikiLeaks, siyazi ukuthi ngemva nje kwenyanga uCarson ethathe izintambo, u-Hillary Clinton wacela amanxusa ayishumi nanye e-Washington e-Afrika ukuthi aqoqe izigxivizo zeminwe, i-DNA, i-iris scan, amaphasiwedi e-imeyili, izinombolo ze-akhawunti yekhadi lesikweletu, izinombolo ze-akhawunti yeflaya kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. yabaholi bendawo bezombangazwe, bezempi, bamabhizinisi nabezenkolo, kuhlanganise nezikhulu zeNhlangano Yezizwe. "Ukuhlola i-UN kuthatha kude", kuphawula umcwaningi wezepolitiki wase-Afrika U-Liesl Louw-Vaudran we-Institute for Security Studies ePitoli. Ngenxa yezambulo ze-WikiLeaks zokuthi “ukugxambukela kwe-chitchat” kaCarson nozakwabo, kusho u-Louw-Vuadran, “Ngicabanga ukuthi abantu abaningi base-Afrika banengekile kancane, bashaqekile… ukungabaza okukhulu nge-US."
Isizathu esisodwa esilula, uthi, "ukuthi uma i-US ingakwazi ukuvikela izimfihlo zayo, izokwazi kanjani ukuvikela abantu ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula emhlabeni?" Kanye nokwanda kokufinyelela kuwoyela, ukuphoqelelwa kwenqubomgomo yezomnotho eqhutshwa yimakethe (okungukuthi, i-pro-corporate), kanye nobutha beShayina, umzamo we-Washington wokuzuza ukubambisana kwe-Afrika “Empini Yobuphekula” ibonakala iyisici esibaluleke kakhulu kunqubomgomo yangaphandle. Leyo ndima ishiya i-Pentagon's Africa Command (AfriCom) imatasatasa ezisekelweni zayo ezinkulu eFrankfurt nase-Djibouti. "Esikhundleni sezinkulumo ezilula nezishibhile zokuletha uzinzo ezwenikazi lonke egameni 'lempi yokulwa namaphekula'", ngokusho komhlaziyi ongumakadebona. UDaniel Volheim, “I-AfriCom ibandakanyeka cishe emazweni angu-38 ase-Afrika [kuhlanganise] ne-Chad, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Tanzania, kanye neSierra Leone.”
Kuwebhusayithi ye-watchdog Inqubomgomo Yezangaphandle Ekugxileni, Conn Hallinan kubika, “Kuze kube manje, irekhodi le-AfriCom libe yinhlekelele emva kwenye. Yasekela ukungenelela kwe-Ethiopia empini yombango yaseSomalia, futhi yasiza nokuketula i-Moderrate Islamic Courts Union. Manje ilwa nesinyathelo esinzima sokugada ngemuva eqenjini elinontamolukhuni, i-al-Shabaab. I-AfriCom iphinde yasiza ekuhlanganiseni ukuhlasela kwamasosha ase-Uganda e-Lord's Resistance Army eDemocratic Republic of the Congo - i-Operation Lightning Thunder - eyagcina ibulale izinkulungwane zabantu. Ukwengeza kulokho ukwehluleka ukuthola inguquko egculisayo eLibya, ngemva kokuba iWashington kanye namazwe ase-Europe edukise uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika mayelana nezinhloso ze-NATO zokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu, ngemva kokuhluleka kwemizamo ye-African Union yokuxazulula impi yombango ngokuthula.
Kodwa izinkinga zisaqala, kuphawula intatheli ephenyayo yaseMelika I-Nick Turse: "Namuhla, i-US idonsela phansi e-Afghanistan futhi isiyishiyile kakhulu i-Iraq. I-Afrika, nokho, iseyithuba lokukhula kwePentagon. ” Kusukela ngo-2009, u-Turse uyaqhubeka, “ukusebenza e-Afrika kuye kwashesha kakhulu ukudlula ukungenelela okulinganiselwe kweminyaka kaBush: impi yangonyaka odlule eLibya; umkhankaso wama-drone wesifunda onemishini ephela ezikhumulweni zezindiza nezisekelo e-Djibouti, e-Ethiopia, kanye nezwe leziqhingi zase-Indian Ocean lase-Seychelles; i-flotilla yemikhumbi engama-30 kulolo lwandle esekela imisebenzi yesifunda; umkhankaso wezempi ohlukene kanye ne-CIA ngokumelene nezidlamlilo eSomalia, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yezobunhloli, ukuqeqeshwa kwamanxusa aseSomalia, ijele eliyimfihlo, ukuhlasela kwendiza enophephela emhlane, nokuhlasela kwama-commando ase-US; ukuthutheleka okukhulu kwemali yemisebenzi yokulwa nobushokobezi kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Afrika; impi yomoya engase ibe isidala, eyenziwa ngobuqili esifundeni kusetshenziswa izindiza ezinomuntu; amashumi ezigidi zamaRandi ezikhalini zama-mercenaries ahlangene namasosha ase-Afrika; kanye nebutho elikhethekile le-ops expeditionary Force (elisekelwa ochwepheshe boMnyango Wezwe) elathunyelwa ukuze lisize ekubambeni noma ekubulaleni umholi we-Lord's Resistance Army uJoseph Kony kanye nabaphathi bakhe abakhulu.”
Kwengeza uprofesa wezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe eNyuvesi yase-Pittsburgh uMichael Brenner, ukunwetshwa kwe-AfriCom “kuyaziqhubezela njengoba kuzoba nokutholakala okuqhubekayo kwababulali nabaphangi kanye nama-radicals amaSulumane kule ndawo ehlukumezekile esingeke sikwazi ukuyicindezela. Imizamo yethu, ngaphezu kwalokho, izodala ukuphikisa okungenakugwenywa kanye nokuziphindiselela kwalolu hlelo oluvela - njengase-Afghanistan, ePakistan nase-Iraq. Pho kungani wethula le bhizinisi yakamuva enenani elingabazisayo? Nokho, uma ususungule i-AfriCom, lapho usuyiqaphe ngezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zabasebenzi, lapho unethimba leSpecial Forces elibalelwa ku-60,000, lapho usune-CIA Operations Division eyandiswe kakhulu, nalapho ukucabanga kwamasu aseMelika kusavalelwe imodi yokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo eyamiswa ngoSepthemba 2001 - lapho wonke la mabutho esebenza, kuzoba khona isenzo."
Kunjalo, izidumbu zamasosha ase-US emhlabathini wase-Afrika kufanele zigwenywe ngazo zonke izindlela, njengoba umkhankaso kaBill Clinton waseSomalia owaba nenhlekelele ngo-1994 wafundisa iPentagon. Ikhanda le-AfriCom General Carter Ham wachaza ngonyaka odlule ukuthi iWashington "ekugcineni izodinga i-AfriCom ezokwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yezempi evamile, futhi wahambisa umyalo wakhe kuleyo ndlela" nakuba "engawenzi umsebenzi - lokho kufanele kwenziwe ama-Afrika." Ukubhala ngokungananazi mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwezabasebenzi okulindelekile e-US, Air University's Izifundo Zamasu Ngekota e 2010, UMajor Shawn T. Cochran ucaphuna umeluleki wezempi wase-US ku-African Union, "Asifuni ukubona abafana bethu bengena futhi behlaselwa ... Sifuna ama-Afrika angene."
Ukubuyela emuva kokwesaba
Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe i-ventriloquism yezempi, ukulimala kwe-blowback kubangelwa ulaka lwaseWashington, uVolman uyaphikisana. "Ukuhlasela kweSomalia ngo-2006 ngamasosha ase-Ethiopia kwakusobala ukuthi kwakuyimpi ebambekayo, lapho i-AfriCom ihlinzeka ngempahla-ivumela inhlangano yobugebengu efana ne-al-Shabab ukuthi ifune isizathu esizwakalayo sempi yayo kanye nobushokobezi obunonya ngokumelene nabo kanye abantu izinhlangothi zombili ezithi ukukhulula: abantu abampofu baseSomalia.”
Isigaba esilandelayo sempi yabamele kwaba ngowezi-2010 lapho i-US inika usizo kuHulumeni Wombuso Wenguquko waseSomalia (TFG), kodwa lapho New York Times ibike ukukhula kweqhaza le-AfriCom, Kusho uCarson izinsolo zentatheli yayo
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