Ibhalelwe teleSUR English, ezokwethulwa ngoJulayi 24
โKuyimfihlo Kancaneโ
Kwesinye isikhathi izindaba ezincane kakhulu zikhuluma kakhulu, uma uzivumela. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-April odlule, intombazane eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala okuthiwa uCharlotte Bell yayiseWhite House ngoSuku lwayo lwaminyaka yonke oluthi โThatha Indodakazi Yakho Nendodana Uyosebenza.โ Ngesikhathi somcimbi owawuse-White House East Room, u-Charlotte waphakamisa isandla sakhe ukuze asho okuthile ku-Michelle Obama, owayephendula imibuzo endaweni ephakeme. U-Charlotte waya kuNkosikazi Wokuqala futhi wathi ubaba wakhe wayeseneminyaka emithathu engasebenzi futhi udinga umsebenzi. U-Charlotte unikeze uNkk. Obama imvilophu equkethe incwadi kayise.
Unkosikazi kaMengameli wamangala kodwa walulama. Wathi, โOh Nkosi yamiโ wathatha imvilophu wamanga uCharlotte. U-Obama wabe esehlala phansi futhi wahambisa a coup de grace. โKuyimfihlo kancane,โ kusho yena, โkodwa uzama ukusiza uBaba wakhe.โ Ekupheleni komcimbi, uNkosikazi Wokuqala waqala ukuhamba ngaphandle kwemvilophu. UCharlotte wamenza wayithatha.
Unkosikazi Wokuqala wayenezizathu ezimbili zokuthi enze izinto eziyimfihlo (singasho kanjalo) udaba lokungasebenzi kukababa kaCharlotte Bell isikhathi eside. Esokuqala kwaba yindaba yokubala ezombangazwe. Izinombolo zakamuva zokukhula kwemisebenzi zase-US โbezidumazaโ futhi amaRiphabhulikhi asebenzise idatha ukusola u-Barack Obama futhi ngokuphatha budedengu kwezomnotho (njengokungathi umongameli wase-US unqume yena yedwa amazinga okuqashwa e-US kusukela enyangeni eyodwa kuya kwelandelayo). Ukuvota kubonise ukuthi uMongameli u-Obama ubhekane nokungamukeleki okubanzi kokusebenza kwakhe "ekunikezeni umnotho." Kulowo mongo, uNkosikazi Obama akafuni neze ukudalula esinye isakhamuzi saseMelika - futhi i-pluribus unum (okukodwa kokuningi) โ ukuba nenkinga yokuthola umsebenzi ohloniphekile (noma yimuphi umsebenzi nhlobo) โezweni elicebe kakhulu emhlabeni.โ
Isizathu sesibili sokuthi uNkk Obama abize ukungasebenzi kukababa uBell isikhathi eside ngokuthi โyimfihloโ akulula ukukubona kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. UNkosikazi Wokuqala, ngisola kakhulu, wayezwakalisa ukufaka kwakhe ngaphakathi konxiwankulu abaqavile kanye nomqondo ovamile kazwelonke ebambe ukuthi ubumpofu bomuntu kanye/noma ukuntuleka kokuqashwa komuntu okuholelayo โezweni lamathubaโ elikhulu lase-US okuthiwa libonisa ukwehluleka komuntu siqu nokungafaneleki kwakhe. Ukuswelakala kwemisebenzi kuqondwa njengophawu lokuhluleka komuntu ngamunye ngisho nokuziphatha emibonweni ebusayo yase-US.
Abantu Abasasele kanye Nokungabi Nangqondo Kobunxiwankulu
Nali ukuhumusha okuwusizo kwamazwana ka-Michelle Obama athi โKuyimfihlo encaneโ: โOh Nkosi yami, le ntombazanyana empofu inobaba ongcolile; uqinisekile ukuthi ubalulekile ukuzama ukusiza isaka lakhe elidabukisayo likababa ngaphandle ngenkathi sonke sithula mayelana nezigidi zabantu baseMelika abaphendulwe abantu abayizinsalela ngonxiwankulu banamuhla base-US.โ
Ubaba ka-Charlotte Bell kungenzeka noma angabi yivila, angabi nangqondo, angathembeki, kanye/noma iyiphi into embi umuntu angathanda ukumbiza ngayo. Ngiyangabaza ukuthi ungenye yalezi zinto, kodwa angisho ukuthi ngazi lutho olubambekayo ngomlando wakhe siqu noma wokuqashwa.
Nokho, ngiyazazi izinto eziyisikhombisa ngaphandle kokungabaza. Okokuqala ngiyazi ukuthi ubunxiwankulu - lokho umyeni kaMichelle athanda ukukubiza ngokuthi โuhlelo lwamabhizinisi akhululekileโ (eqinisekisa ukuthi uyasikhumbuza ukuthi lolu hlelo silethe โimpumelelo engenakuqhathaniswa emlandweni wesintuโ[1]) - kudala ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwesakhiwo ngokwaso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umongameli wase-US noma ubaba kaCharlotte (noma omunye umuntu) ufunani. Njengoba izazi zezokuhlalisana kwabantu uCharles noDerber kanye noYale Magrass baphawula eminyakeni emibili edlule:
"Kuqhuma ibhomu le-neutron esizweni ... ukuqhuma ... okunesici esiyingqayizivele sokubulala abantu ngenkathi kugcinwa impahla ... [njengoba] imali ingenziwa ngaphandle kwabasebenzi [base-US] ... ukuthi bangenza inzuzo eyengeziwe ngokunciphisa kakhulu ukuthembela kubasebenzi base-US nengqalasizinda yase-US, esikhundleni salokho basebenzise izisebenzi zakwamanye amazwe noma esikhundleni sabasebenzi bafake amarobhothi noma obunye ubuchwepheshe obusha, kuyilapho bethembele kwingqalasizinda kwezinye izizwe...Ekugcineni, lokhu kubonisa okuthile okungenangqondo ngokujulile kodwa okuyisisekelo ku-capitalism yase-US. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kwabaphathi bezinkampani inzuzo, hhayi imisebenzi. Futhi uma inzuzo eyengeziwe ingenziwa ngokushintsha umkhiqizo phesheya, izikhulu zizothatha leyo ndlelaโฆ.Lokhu kukhombisa indlela ubunxiwankulu bezinkampani zomhlaba wonke obusebenza ngayo namuhla futhi kukhombisa ukuthi zona kanye izinkinga ezizidalayo azikwazi ukulungiswa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yonxiwankulu.โ [2]
Inkinga yemisebenzi eyinsada, yingakho โabantu abangaphezulu,โ akuyona into entsha emlandweni wonxiwankulu. Uhlelo lwenzuzo belunikeza abasebenzi ukuthi baphelelwe amandla, bancishwe amakhono futhi baxoshe abasebenzi amakhulu eminyaka. I-Capitalism ibilokhu ikhiqiza futhi ithembele kulokho uKarl Marx akubiza ngokuthi โibutho lezisebenziโ - inqwaba yabantu abangasebenzi nabangasebenzi kahle abavame ukuphila ngokuphelelwa yithemba kusiza isigaba somqashi ukuthi sigcine โibutho [elisebenzayo]โ labasebenzi liqondiswe izigwegwe ngokunenzuzo. ngosongo lokushintshwa kanye nokwesaba ukuphonswa ku-lumpen-proletariat enkulu edabukisayo. I-Capitalism ayilona uhlelo lokuqashwa ngokugcwele - okuphambene kakhulu.
Ukuphela kwe-(United States of) "I-American [Labor Market] Exceptionalism"
Okwesibili engikwaziyo ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uguquko lolwandle olujulile lwenzekile emakethe yezabasebenzi yase-US phakathi namashumi amane eminyaka edlule - ushintsho olwenza kube yinto engaqondakali ukusola abantu base-US ngokungasebenzi kwabo noma ukungasebenzi kwabo. Okusha ngamathemba emisebenzi yabasebenzi base-US phakathi nenkathi ye-Neoliberal eqhubekayo (iminyaka yawo-1970 kuze kube manje) kuwushintsho oluyisisekelo ebudlelwaneni phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kwezisebenzi zase-US kanye nesidingo sabaqashi sabasebenzi e-United States. E-US kusukela lapho ivela khona kuya ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, iningi labasebenzi abamhlophe babejabulela - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (futhi ngayo yonke inhlonipho efanele ngenxa yokucindezeleka okwesabekayo ngeminyaka yawo-1870, 1890, kanye nawo-1930) - "ukugijima okumangalisayo" (uRichard Wolff) umsebenzi oholelayo kanye nokukhuphuka kwamaholo angempela. Izihluthulelo zalesi simo esivuna abasebenzi kwakuwukukhiqiza okumangalisayo kanye nenzuzo yobungxiwankulu base-US (inkomba phakathi kwezinye izinto zezinzuzo ezingavamile zezwe ezihlanganisa insada yemithombo yemvelo, udedangendlale, imingcele emikhulu yolwandle, nesimo sezulu esivumayo) kanye nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okungapheli. uma kuqhathaniswa nomhlaba otholakalayo kanye nezidingo zabaqashi (Abalimi bakakotini base-US baxazulula ukushoda kwezisebenzi ngobugqila abansundu kanye [ngemuva kweMpi Yombango] neo-slavery).
Lesi simo esihle uma kuqhathaniswa sabantu baseMelika (abamhlophe) besigaba sabasebenzi (akuvamile uma kuke kwashiwo ezingxoxweni zokuthi โi-American exceptionalismโ) sahlehliswa ngeminyaka yawo-1970 nawo-1980. Njengabaqhudelana bangempela, abanokukhiqiza okuphezulu konxiwankulu base-US bavuselelwa e-Europe nase-Japan, isidingo sabasebenzi base-US sehle ngenxa yokwenziwa komsebenzi ngamakhompiyutha kanye nokushintshashintsha komsebenzi kanye nokuthunyelwa kwezigidi zemisebenzi โyaseMelikaโ phambilini iye emazweni lapho abasebenzi bebengakhokha kakhulu. Ngaphansi. Njengoba usomnotho wase-US kwesokunxele uRichard Wolff ephawula, "Ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi yokukhiqiza yase-US kwaqala ... kulandelwa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemisebenzi yomkhakha wezinsizakalo - lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhishwa ngaphandle - umkhuba osaqhubeka kuze kube manje" (ngosizo lwamalungelo abatshalizimali. izivumelwano โzohwebo lwamahhalaโ). Ngokuhambisana nalokhu kungene izigidi zabesifazane emsebenzini kanye negagasi elisha elikhulu lokufudukela e-US, ikakhulukazi livela eLatin America, ikakhulukazi eMexico naseCentral America (lapho usizi oludalwe yi-US- kanye ne-world capitalism - lwaholela izigidi ukuba zifune imisebenzi. enyakatho). Ngaphansi kwalezi zingcindezi ezintsha zemakethe yezemisebenzi, โiphupho laseMelikaโ lomsebenzi ozinzile kanye nezinga lokuphila elilokhu likhuphuka njalo labhidlika kuningi lesigaba sabasebenzi base-US - ukusonteka kwesiphetho umbono ophethe we-neoliberal otshele abantu abasebenzayo ukuthi bazisole bona uqobo futhi. ngasese. [3]
Igebe Lomsebenzi
Into yesithathu engiyaziyo ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi baningi abantu baseMelika abafuna umsebenzi kunamathuba emisebenzi ehloniphekile noma ehola kancane e-US namuhla. Ubuhlakani obuvamile base-US obuvamile nobune-neoliberal bugomela ukuthi abantu abaqashiwe noma abaqashwe kancane ngenxa yokuthi bavilapha kakhulu futhi abazimisele ukusebenza, ukuthuthela lapho kukhona โimisebenzi emihleโ, kanye/noma bathuthukise amakhono abo ngokuvumelana nezidingo zabaqashi. Imibono isola abangasebenzi ngokwabo, ibabheka njengabavilaphayo kakhulu, abavilaphayo kakhulu, "inhlalakahle" -ababambe iqhaza, kanye/noma iziphukuphuku ezisobala kakhulu ukuthi "bangakwazi ukuzidonsa ngamabhande abo." Kodwa iphi yonke le misebenzi emihle e-US (ikhaya elisendleleni eya esimeni senhlalakahle esibi kakhulu phakathi kwezizwe ezicebile)? Njengesikhulu sangaphambili soMnyango Wezwe laseMelika uPeter Van Buren, umbhali we Izipoki zika-Tom Joad: Indaba Yamaphesenti angu-#99, okuphawulwe kamuva nje TomDispatch.com:
โSuka uye lapho ukuze wenzeni? Izwe lethu lilahlekelwe yimisebenzi eyodwa kwezintathu yayo yonke imisebenzi yasefekthri ehloniphekile - ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyisithupha - phakathi kuka-2000 no-2009, futhi nomaphi lapho 'kufanele kube khona', izinqwaba zabantu sezimi emgqeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi abalahlekelwe yimisebenzi abanayo indlela yokuthutha noma umngane onosofa abazolala kuwo lapho befika eColorado. Abanye sebehlale izizukulwane ngezizukulwane ezindaweni lapho kungasekho khona imisebenzi. Mayelana nemisebenzi esele, ikhokha malini? Umuntu oyedwa kwabane baseMelika abasebenzayo uhola ngaphansi kuka-$10 ngehora. Ku-25%, i-US inephesenti eliphezulu kakhulu labasebenzi abahola kancane emazweni athuthukile. (I-Canada ne-Great Britain inamaphesenti angu-20, i-Japan ngaphansi kwe-15%, ne-France 11%)โฆIndoda eyodwa kwayisithupha, izigidi ezingu-10.4 zaseMelika ezineminyaka engu-25 kuya kwengama-64, iminyaka yokuqala yokusebenza, abanayo nhlobo imisebenzi, ingxenye inani labantu besilisa elicishe liphindeke kathathu kule minyaka engamashumi amane edlule. Abawona wonke amavila noma abanamakhono, futhi njengamanje balinde izindaba zezindawo ezingakacaciswanga e-US lapho kufihlwe khona leyo misebenzi eyizigidi eziyishumi engagcwalisiwe.โ
Kubantu abaningi baseMelika, ngisho nokuthola umsebenzi wokudayisa okhokhelwa kancane kuyinto engenakwenzeka. U-Van Buren uhlinzeka nge-factoid epholile evela e-Washington DC - inhloko-dolobha yase-US "izwe lamathuba" ("le ndawo yomlingo," njengoba u-Barack Obama ake achaza i-US):
โKunzima kangakanani ukuthola umsebenzi oholela kancane? Kulo nyaka, izinga lokwamukelwa ekolishi le-Ivy League lalingu-8.9%. Ngonyaka odlule, lapho i-Walmart ivula isitolo sayo sokuqala eWashington, DC, kwakunezicelo ezingaphezu kuka-23,000 zemisebenzi engu-600, okwaphumela emazingeni okwamukelwa angu-2.6%, okwenza isitolo esikhulu samabhokisi sikhetheke ngokuphindwe kabili njengeHarvard futhi izikhathi ezinhlanu njengokukhethayo. njengo-Cornellโฆ.Ukutshela abantu abangasebenzi ukuthi behle kusofa (noma baphume ezimotweni abahlala kuzo noma ezindaweni zokukhosela lapho abalala khona) futhi bathole umsebenzi kunengqondo njengokubatshela ukuthi bayofunda e-Harvard.โ[4]
Cabanga ngalokho: abantu abangasebenzi enhloko-dolobha yezwe banamathuba amaningi okuthi bamukelwe e-Harvard kunokuba baqashwe e-Wal-Mart, inkampani esebenza njengenkundla enkulu yokuthengisa yezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe kanye โnaseMelikaโ ezikhiphe imisebenzi yokukhiqiza ngokuhlelekile. yase-US ezindaweni ezihola kancane ohlelweni lwe-capitalist yomhlaba. Kunomongo ogqamile wesazi sezomnotho esiwine iNobel Prize uJoseph Stiglitz ukuthi โsinabantu baseMelika abayizigidi ezingama-20 abangathanda umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele kodwa abangawutholi.โ [5]
Kulungile, ababengabasebenzi bokukhiqiza nabafake izicelo ze-Wal-Mart abakhungathekile: hamba uyothola ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo ephakeme ukuze uthuthukise lawo makhono aphezulu abaqashi abawadinga kakhulu, akunjalo? Entwasahlobo ka-2014, u-Van Buren uphawula, i-US iphothule abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.6 ngeziqu ezintsha sha. Abaningi balabo abathweswe iziqu (abaningi babo abathwele isikweletu esikhulu semfundo yasekolishi) sebevele besebenza emisebenzini ehola kancane, engatholi nzuzo (ama-Starbucks baristas, oweta/oweta, amathenda ebha, abamaketha ngezingcingo, omabhalane bezitolo, njalo njalo), bajoyina. ibutho elikhulu labantu abangaqashiwe ngokugcwele - okuyinhlekisa enkulu emcabangweni owandile wokuthi inkinga enkulu yemakethe yezemisebenzi ebhekene nomnotho wase-US "igebe lamakhono."
Ehlanganisa Umshayeli Odakiwe, Eshiya Insizwa Eyishaye Eyopha Emgwaqeni
Into yesine engiyazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ayikho ingxenye encane yesimo esibi samanje semakethe yezemisebenzi yase-US engalandelelwa kuze kube yizimfundamakhwela zeqembu lesizwe elicebile ngokwezimali. Izinduna zezimali zesizwe zabhidliza umnotho kazwelonke nowomhlaba, zaxosha izigidi zabantu emsebenzini futhi zacekela phansi imali eyongiwe kanye nezimpilo zemizi ejwayelekile ezweni lonke, ngo-2007 nango-2008. Benza lesi senzo ngokusabalala โkwezikhali zokucekela phansi okukhuluโ kwezezimali. ikhiphe izigidigidi zamaRandi esikhwameni esivele sigcwele kakhulu endaweni ephezulu "ye-1%" njengoba ikhiqiza ibhamuza ukuqhuma kwayo okungenakugwemeka kwadala isiphithiphithi sezomnotho esinemiphumela eqhubekayo namuhla.
Into yesihlanu engiyaziyo ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi uhulumeni wobumbano ngaphansi kobumengameli obungamanga bukaBarack Obama44 [5A] (umamukeli oqopha umlando wokuthola uxhaso lwezimali zokhetho lwaseWall Street ngo-2008) ulandele ezinyathelweni zikaGeorge Bush43 ngokuhlenga abambalwa bezezimali abadelelayo abaxosha izigidi ezindlini nasemisebenzini kuyilapho bengakhokhisi inhlawulo yangempela kulabo abavelele abangazibophezeli futhi enikeza abasebenzi. ikilasi alinalutho (noma abasondelene nalo ukuze banxephezele ngokulahlekelwa kwabo. Kulokhu, uBush no-Obama "banikeze abantu yonke indawo" lokho uWilliam Greider akubiza ngentwasahlobo ka-2009 "isifundo esingacacile mayelana namandla, ngubani onawo futhi ngubani ongenawo. 't.'[6] - futhi kancane kwabanye, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amaphesenti angu-99," ashiye ukubuza ngokuthuka, "iphi i-bailout yethu?"
I-Stiglitz ikhetha isingathekiso esingokomthetho kanye nesezokwelapha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Iphawula ukuthi izikhungo zezezimali โezehluleke kakhuluโ zazikwazi โukubuyiselaโ uhulumeni wobumbano imali yokusiza eyayithola ngemva kwengozi kuphela ngenxa โyegeyimu yegobolondoโ lapho i-US Federal Reserve yababoleka khona amakhulu ezigidigidi. yamadola ngaphandle kwenzalo eyiziro. Njengoba uStiglitz esanda kutshela uBill Moyers:
โEsakwenza kwakufana nakho sithatha umenzi wobubi, umfana obengumshayeli ophuzile simyisa esibhedlela, kodwa sishiya umfana oshaywe emgwaqeni.. Bese sithi, oh, kodwa wena [izikhungo zezimali ezihamba phambili] awudingi ukukhokhela noma yimuphi umonakalo owenziwe. Ngakho ngisho nangemva kokuba [izinkampani zaseWall Street] sezibuyisele uhulumeni umbuzo wangempela ngothi ubani onecala ngawo wonke umonakalo owenziwe emnothweni wethu? Abantu balahlekelwe yimisebenzi ... balahlekelwe amakhaya abo? Amabhange akakakhokhi ngisho isenti laleso sikweletu. Futhi lokho kuwumthwalo wemfanelo wangempela wenkampani.โ[7]
Okuxakayo ukuthi, ubaba ka-Charlotte Bell wasebenza emkhankasweni ka-Obama ngo-2012 futhi wayesanda kufuna umsebenzi wenqubomgomo enkampanini, u-Obama White House othunjwe eWall Street.
Akukho Ukushoda Kwemisebenzi Edingekayo
Into yesithupha engiyazi ukuthi iyiqiniso elingenakuphikiswa ukuthi akukho ukushoda kwemisebenzi ebalulekile ukuze izigidi zabantu base-United States "zisebenze ngaphezu kwalokho" ukuze bathole amaholo ahloniphekile ngesikhathi lapho isintu sibhekene nesidingo esiphuthumayo sezemvelo. ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Usolwazi wobunjiniyela waseStanford uMark Jacobson kanye nososayensi wocwaningo waseNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Davis uMark Deluchchi babonise ukuthi isintu singaguqukela ohlelweni lwamandla asekelwe ngokuphelele avuselelekayo ngo-2030 uma izizwe bezithembele kubuchwepheshe obuhlolwe ososayensi kunokuba bukhuthazwe yizimboni. Uhlelo luka-Jacobson no-Delucchi lokuba no-100% wamandla omhlaba alethwe yimithombo yomoya, amanzi, nelanga (WWS) ngo-2030 lufuna izigidi zama turbines omoya, imishini yamanzi, nokufakwa kwelanga. โAmanani makhulu,โ babhala, โkodwa isilinganiso asisona isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa: umphakathi uye wazuza izinguquko ezinkulu ngaphambili. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, i-US yalungisa kabusha izimboni zayo zezimoto ukuze ikhiqize izindiza ezingu-300,000, kanti amanye amazwe akhiqiza ezinye ezingu-486,000. Ngo-1956, i-US yaqala ukwakha i-Interstate Highway System, okwathi ngemva kweminyaka engu-35 yanda ngamamayela angu-47,000, ishintsha ezentengiselwano nomphakathi.[8]
Labo abakhathazekayo ngokungqubuzana phakathi kokukhathazeka ngemisebenzi nokukhathazeka ngendawo ezungezile ngokombono womphakathi bangase bafune ukucabanga ngeqiniso lokuthi izigidi eziningi zabasebenzi zizoqashwa emsebenzini owusizo ngokwenhlalo nemvelo (okudingekile ngempela) wokukhiqiza, wokusebenza, nowokusebenza. ukugcina โizigidi zezinjini zomoya, imishini yamanzi, nokufakwa kwelanga,โ kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi ehlobene nokuguqulwa kwemvelo kwe-US kanye nomnotho womhlaba wonke okudingwa ukuphila okuningi (kuhlanganise nobuntu).
Njengoba uDerber noMagrass bephawula, โAbantu abengeziweโฆโbangaphezuโ kuphela ohlelweni olubenze banjalo. Umnotho onengqondo futhi ozinzile, ohlelwe ngesisekelo sesidingo somuntu kanye nokuhluzeka komphakathi, ungaqasha bonke abantu baseMelika. "[9]
Ingaphezu Komphakathi Kancane
Into yesikhombisa engiyazi ngokuzethemba okukhulu ukuthi akulungile ngokuphelele ukugcina umbuzo wokuthi uhlelo lwenzuzo ludala kanjani ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwesakhiwo kanye nokungaqashwa โokuyimfihloโ - kususwe engxoxweni yomphakathi ephelele nethembekile. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kanye nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okuphoqelela izindimbane zabantu kuyindaba enkulu yomphakathi enomthelela omkhulu ekuzuzeni bonke abantu. Ifanele ukuxoxisana nomphakathi okubanzi mayelana nendlela yokulondoloza imvelo ephilayo futhi inikeze umsebenzi owusizo emphakathini, okhokhelwayo ngokomnotho, kanye nobalulekile ngokwemvelo ezigidini ezilungele futhi ezizimisele ukuzisebenzela zona nabanye.
Endleleni, ingxoxo yomphakathi enjalo izosindisa inani elikhulu lezakhamizi zase-US ekucindezelekeni nasekuzibulaleni. Benziwe ngokuhlazisayo ukuthi bazizwe benecala ngabanye kulokho okuyinkinga yenhlalo egxile ekushintsheni komnotho okusekelwe ezimisweni zokulwa nenhlalo yemali.
U-Paul Street ungumhlaziyi wezepolitiki ozimele, umbhali kanye nesazi-mlando e-Iowa City, IA. Incwadi yakhe elandelayo ithi They Rule: The 1%v Democracy (Paradigm Publishers, 2014)
amanothi
1. UBarack Obama, I-Audacity of Hope: Imicabango yokubuyisa iphupho laseMelika (ENew York: Crown, 2006), 149-150.
2. UCharles Derber noYale Magrass, I-Surplus American: Ukuthi I-1% Isenza Kanjani Ukungabi Namsebenzi (Boulder, CO: Paradigm, 2012), 3-6.
3. URichard Wolff, Intando Yeningi Emsebenzini: Ikhambi Lobunxiwankulu (Chicago: Haymarket, 2012), 37-42.
4. Peter Van Buren, โI-Rising Tide Iphakamisa Wonke AmaYacht,โ TomDispatch.com (Juni 3, 2014), http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175851/tomgram%3A_peter_van_buren%2C_a_rising_tide_lifts_all_yachts/#more
5. โI-Stiglitz Ibiza Izintela Ezifanelekile,โ I-Moyers & Inkampani (Meyi 30, 2014), http://billmoyers.com/episode/joseph-e-stiglitz-let%E2%80%99s-stop-subsidizing-tax-dodgers/
5A Paul Street, โUmzenzisi,โ I-ZNet (Juni 8, 2014), https://znetwork.org/znetarticle/the-pretender/
6. UWilliam Greider, โU-Obama Usitshele Ukuba Sikhulume Kodwa Ingabe Uyalalela?โ Washington Post, Mashi 22, i-2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/19/AR2009031902511.html
7. โIndlela Ukuguqulwa Kwentela Kungasindisa Ngayo Ikilasi Eliphakathi,โ I-Moyers & Inkampani (Juni 6, 2014), http://billmoyers.com/episode/full-show-how-tax-reform-can-save-the-middle-class/
8. U-Mark Jacobson no-Mark Delucchi, โUhlelo Lwekusasa Elisimeme,โ Isayensi yaseMelika (Novemba 2009), http://www.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/sad1109Jaco5p.indd.pdf
9. UDerber noMagrass. I-Surplus American, 3.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela
3 Amazwana
Umsebenzi omuhle, uPawulu.
Why or why isnโt there an edit button, techies? Correction: I made โnoteโ of Paul Streetโs work in โImagine: A Socialist U.S.A.โ not โnotโ.
Oh, Paul Street, your telling of the story of Charlotte Bell is wonderful: what a young woman! Iโve been thinking of you and glad to see your article above so I can tell you publicly that Iโm in the first chapter of โImagine: a Socialist U.S.Aโ, which is your contributing chapter in the book. I got the ebook because Iโm print disabled and thrilled that I can access ebooks on my tablet (serendipity of one year). I also made not of it in other comments.
Enye yezinto ezikhunjulwe yisihloko sakho,
is what manufacturing is left in the U.S.? Military weapons. The Fsomething or others that are shooting missiles on Gaza right now are U.S. made and U.S. aid to Israel. I have art on it, just posted on my Flickr public photostream page and pleased to note it here: http://www.Flickr.com/photos/sanda-aronson-the-artist/ โ#1Bully-U.S.SUPPORTS #2Bully ISRAEL @โcollective punishmentโ on Gaza, #34 of the page of protest art. Thanks, Paul for your ongoing insights about capitalism.