I-New York Times ibize isazi sezilimi esidume umhlaba wonke, umhlaziyi wezepolitiki, kanye nesishoshovu uNoam Chomsky "ngokungangabazeki ungqondongqondo obaluleke kakhulu ophilayo." Ungumbhali wezincwadi eziningi ezihlanganisa, kamuva nje, Amasistimu Amandla: Izingxoxo Ngemibhikisho Yentando Yeningi Yomhlaba kanye Nezinselele Ezintsha Embusweni Wase-U.S (noDavid Barsamian), Impi Yenuzi kanye Nenhlekelele Yemvelo, Futhi Ngobuphekula BaseNtshonalanga: Ukusuka e-Hiroshima kuya e-Drone Warfare (no-Andre Vitchek).
Ngaqala ukuxoxa noProf. Chomsky ngo-2006, lapho ngiseyintatheli ezinze eBeirut. Ingxoxo yethu igxile “Ezizweni Ezingaphansi Nazingezona Ezingaphansi” kanye nenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US, ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kule ngxoxo, eyenziwe ngo-Oct. 29 ehhovisi lakhe e-MIT, sixoxa ngepolitiki yase-US yangaphandle neyasekhaya eminyakeni ye-WikiLeaks, Snowden, kanye "ne-Arab Spring."
Khatchig Mouradian-I-New York Times namuhla ikhiphe indaba esekhasini lokuqala enesihloko esithi, "U-Obama Angase Avimbele Ukuhlola Amakhanda Amazwe Ahlangene."{C}{C}[1] Khuluma ngomthelela ama-WikiLeaks no-Edward Snowden abe nawo kunqubomgomo yase-US.
Noam Chomsky-Ukuvezwa kwe-WikiLeaks akuzange kuveze lutho nhlobo, ngokuqinisekile akukho lutho olutheni, mayelana nokukhathazeka kwangempela kwezokuphepha, ngaphandle kwento eyodwa: ukuphepha kukahulumeni kubantu bakubo. Uma ubheka irekhodi lomlando, ngokuvamile kakhulu uhulumeni ubheka abantu bakhe njengesitha okufanele silawulwe futhi sisetshenziswe. Futhi uma ubheka amadokhumenti akhishwe ohlwini—i-US iwumphakathi okhululekile kakhulu, ngakho-ke sinerekhodi elicebile—okuncane kakhulu kule mibhalo esusiwe kuhlobene nokuvikeleka kwangempela—ukuvikelwa kwenani labantu ekuhlaselweni, ake sithi. Iningi lazo liphathelene nokuvikela uhulumeni ekuchayekeni kubantu bakhe ngalokho akwenzayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu abakukhiphile kuyahambisana nalelo phethini. Kuyihlazo kuhulumeni, kodwa akukho ntshisekelo yangempela yokuphepha ehilelekile.
Okwenzekile ngokuthepha kuwuhlobo olufanayo lwento. Ukukhipha iqiniso lokuthi iMelika icofa izingcingo zamashumi ezigidi zabantu base-Europe, kuhlanganisa nobuholi bezepolitiki, akulimazi ukuphepha kwe-US, kodwa kulimaza ukuvikelwa kombuso ekuhlolweni ngabantu bakhona nabanye.
I-KM-Futhi ezifundazweni ezihlola abantu bazo, ukuhlola abalingani ngokusobala akuyona into eningi kangako.
NC—Cha. Eqinisweni, ukuhlola abalingani kubuyela emuva kude. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kusungulwa iZizwe Ezihlangene—zisungulwa engqungqutheleni eyayiseSan Francisco ngo-1945—ngempela kwakunabameleli abavela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Futhi kwavela ukuthi i-FBI yayiphazamisa amagumbi ehhotela ezithunywa zakwamanye amazwe, ukuze uhulumeni wase-US azi ukuthi kungcono kanjani ukuphatha lolu daba. Yebo, ubuchwepheshe buye bathuthuka kakhulu kusukela lapho, ngakho sikwenza ngezindlela ezibanzi kakhulu.
I-KM—Imibhalo ekhishiwe ingase ingavezi okuningi, kodwa yenza umsebenzi walabo abachitha izingxabano mayelana nokucekelwa phansi kwemfihlo njengemibono yozungu ube nzima kakhulu, akunjalo?
NC-Lokho kuyiqiniso ngemibhalo engahlosiwe ngokuphelele. Uma kukhona ozihluphayo ngokuzifunda, akhombisa ukuthi lokho okubizwa “ngemibono yozungu” kuyizincazelo nje zalokho okwenzekayo. Lapho kukhona izinto okufanele zibizwe ngokuthi ama-conspiracy theory, angenabo ubufakazi ngokuyisisekelo: imibono mayelana nabaholi abanamandla abahlangana e-Bilderberg nokuhlela izinhlelo zomhlaba, akukho okuningi kulokho; izimangalo eziningi mayelana ne-9/11, asikho isisekelo salokho. Kodwa igama elithi "ithiyori ye-conspiracy" livame ukusetshenziswa ohlelweni lwe-ideological ukuze libhekisele ekuhlaziyweni okujwayelekile kwesikhungo. Bheka izikhungo, ubuze ukuthi ngokuvamile ziziphatha kanjani ngesisekelo sesakhiwo sabo sesikhungo, bheka irekhodi lomlando, bese uzama ukuhlanganisa konke lokhu, futhi uthola i-akhawunti yokuziphatha kombuso. Akuyona inkolelo-mbono yozungu njengoba kuwuzungu lokusho ukuthi iGeneral Motors izama ukukhulisa inzuzo. Yebo kunjalo!
I-KM- Ngesikhathi senhlolokhono yethu ngo-2006, wathi: “Uhlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe lufana ne-mafia. Ungqongqoshe kumele aqinisekise ukuthi kunezigwegwe.”{C}{C}[2] Ungakwazi ukuchaza kabanzi ngokusekelwe kulokho okwenzeka eMpumalanga Ephakathi namuhla?
NM— Hhayi-ke, thatha i-Arab Spring. Yayisongela i-United States nabasekeli bayo, imibuso yombuso yendabuko, iFrance, iNgilandi. Futhi basabela ngenqubo ejwayelekile ngokuphelele, icala emva kwecala. Uma unomashiqela oyintandokazi—[uMongameli waseTunisia uZine El Abidine] uBen Ali, waseFrance; [uMongameli wase-Egypt u-Hosni] Mubarak, wase-US; nokunye—[u]msekela isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kungenzeki ukumeseka—mhlawumbe ibutho limjikela, noma izigaba zamabhizinisi zimvukela—bese umthumela ndawana thize—eSaudi Arabia, eSharm el Sheikh, noma ngabe ikuphi—futhi ukhiphe izimemezelo ngothando lwakho. wentando yeningi, bese uzama ukubuyisela uhlelo oludala. Okujwayelekile! Ngokuphindaphindiwe! Sekela [uMongameli wase-Philippines uFerdinand] Marcos, [uMongameli waseHaiti uJean-Claude] Duvalier, [uMongameli wase-Indonesia] uSuharto, [uMongameli WeRiphabhulikhi YaseCongo] Mobutu. Icala emva kwecala. Kungani kufanele silindele noma yini enye? Yilokho kanye okwenzeka [eMpumalanga Ephakathi].
Ngakho eTunisia, eFrance, okuwumbuso omkhulu wombuso, wasekela uBen Ali waze wadlula lapho kwakungenakwenzeka ukumlondoloza. Kube namahlazo okuthi uNgqongqoshe [wamazwe angaphandle] waseFrance [uMichèle Alliot-Marie] aye eholidini eTunisia ngemva kokuba izixuku ezinkulu zifuna axoshwe uBen Ali.
Futhi endabeni yase-Egypt, i-United States yameseka u-Mubarak kwaze kwaba yilapho amasosha athi ngokuyisisekelo, Ngeke sisakwazi ukukugcina. Futhi-ke [wathunyelwa] eSharm el Sheikh. Khona-ke [i-US] yazama ukusekela noma iyiphi inhlangano eyayigcina isimiso esidala. Bayisekela kancane i-Muslim Brotherhood; manje sebeseka amasosha, inqobo nje uma begcina iziqondiso zenqubomgomo yase-US.
Idala zonke izinhlobo zemibono yozungu—eyangempela—eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Izinkolelo ezisabalele kakhulu zokuthi i-US ilawula yonke into—ukuthi iketula uhulumeni, iketula uhulumeni wamaSulumane, isekela i-Muslim Brotherhood, noma yini oyithandayo—ilinganisela kakhulu amandla ase-US futhi ayiqondi iqiniso elilula: I-US, njengamanye amandla ombuso, izosekela noma ubani ongaphoqelela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukuzinza.” Ukuzinza lapha akusho uhulumeni osebenzayo. Kusho uhulumeni osebenza ngokuhambisana neziqondiso zethu. Kungenjalo kuzomele uwumise kabi, ngoba wuhlobo olungalungile lokuzinza. Ithi [uMongameli waseChile] uSalvador Allende noma [uMongameli waseCuba uFidel] Castro, kufanele usiketule. Mhlawumbe uzinzile, kodwa akulona uhlobo lwethu lokuzinza. Futhi yileyo ndlela i-Arab Spring ebilokhu ithuthuka ngayo.
Izifundazwe ezibaluleke kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga ziwumashiqela kawoyela, ngokusobala. Lapho, baye bacindezela ngonya noma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwe-Arab Spring. E-Saudi Arabia, okuyiqembu eliphikisayo nelingokwenkolo kakhulu kunanoma yiziphi izifundazwe esifundeni kanye nomfelandawonye othandwayo we-US neBrithani, ngisho nomzamo omncane wokubamba iqhaza ohlotsheni oluthile lwezinguquko uchotshozwe kanzima. Njengamanje, abesifazane abambalwa baseSaudi bazama ukushayela. Bathola izinsongo zokubulawa nokuhlaselwa futhi abefundisi bayakugxeka lokhu njengesinyathelo esizocekela phansi umphakathi. Lokho ukushayela! E-Tehran, ungathatha itekisi eshayelwa abesifazane. Kepha i-Iran ilahliwe, iSaudi Arabia iyanconywa, ngoba benza kahle kakhulu esikufunayo.
Okufanayo kuyiqiniso empumalanga yeSaudi Arabia, ezindaweni zamaShiite, lapho iningi lamafutha likhona. Kube khona ingcindezelo enonya futhi ayikabikwa. I-Bahrain: okufanayo. I-Kuwait: kuyafana kakhulu. I-Emirates: iyafana kakhulu. Azinzile. Abashintshile. I-Tunisia: ezinye izinguquko, kufana ne-limbo. I-Egypt: ukwehla okukhulu ngokuketulwa kwezempi nokuthatha umbuso. Ngicabanga ukuthi yinkathi emnyama ezayo emlandweni waseGibhithe. Abangane bami abaningi eGibhithe abahambisani nalokhu, kodwa yindlela ebukeka ngayo kimina.
I-Libya yayiyindaba ethokozisayo. I-African Union, okuyisikhulu sesifunda okufanele sibhekane nayo, yayineziphakamiso mayelana nokuvukela umbuso waseLibya. Babefuna i-diplomacy, izingxoxo, umbuso wesikhashana. Bebenethemba lokugwema inhlekelele yobuntu eyalandela ukungenelela kwaseNtshonalanga, kanye nokuhlukana kweLibya kulokho osekuyisiphithiphithi manje. Babefuna ukukugwema lokho. Babeneziphakamiso okungenzeka ukuthi ngabe ziyasebenza, mhlawumbe cha, kodwa zazinengqondo. Abakaze bacatshangelwe. IBrithani neFrance ngokuyinhloko (i-US yahamba) yayifuna nje ukuqhumisa ibhomu: Sizoqhumisa amabhomu, sizoba ibutho lomoya labavukeli, futhi sizokwazi ukulawula izinsiza zaseLibya. Babefuna nokuxosha amaShayina. I-China yayinochwepheshe abangaba ngu-30,000 lapho. Bonke kwadingeka babaleke. Umqondo wawuwukuthi, lokhu kuzobuyela ngaphansi kokulawulwa kweNtshonalanga. Akuzange kusebenze kahle ngempela. Eqinisweni, ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela waseLibya kwehle kakhulu futhi izwe lisesiphithiphithini. Kwakukhona ikhava yesinqumo se-UN…
I-KM-Usho engxoxweni ukuthi kuthathe imizuzu emi-5…
NC- Yebo, mhlawumbe imizuzu emi-5. Khona-ke imibuso yombuso yanquma ukuba nje ibutho lomoya labavukeli. Akukhona lokho okwashiwo yisimemezelo se-UN. Futhi iSyria isaqhubeka nokungena endabeni esabekayo.
Iqiniso elibalulekile ukuthi i-United States nabalingani bayo Ayikwazi ukubekezelela intando yeningi esifundeni. Umugqa osemthethweni uthi: Sithuthukisa intando yeningi. Kodwa ngeke kube yiqiniso. Akukaze kube yiqiniso esikhathini esidlule, ngesizathu esilula: Bheka ama-poll. Kunezinhlolovo eziningi zemibono yomphakathi eziqhutshwa eNtshonalanga emazweni e-MENA [Middle East kanye naseNyakatho Afrika]. Isibonelo, ngobusuku obandulela i-Tahrir Square, inhlolovo enkulu yenziwa izinhlangano ezinkulu zokuvota. Bheka imiphumela phakathi kwabaseGibhithe. Cishe amaphesenti ayishumi abheka i-Iran njengosongo. Abayithandi i-Iran, kunezingxabano zasendulo, kodwa abakubheki njengosongo. Njengabaningi bomhlaba. Lokho kuwukuthatheka kwaseNtshonalanga. Umhlaba awuyithandi i-Iran, kepha ayiboni njengosongo. Bayazibona izinsongo: i-United States ne-Israel. Mhlawumbe amaphesenti angu-10 acabanga ukuthi i-US ne-Israel ziyizinsongo ezinzima. Eqinisweni, ukuphikiswa kwenqubomgomo yase-US kwakunamandla kangangokuthi kuleyo nhlolovo, iningi lalithanda i-Iran ukuthi ithole izikhali zenuzi ukuze ilinganise amandla ase-US. Futhi kukhona amanye ama-poll anemiphumela ethi ayifane, ahluka kancane. Uma unokuthile okufana nentando yeningi esebenzayo, umbono womphakathi uzoba nomthelela kunqubomgomo. Ngakho-ke, i-US izophikisana nentando yeningi. Bona—abezindaba, izifundiswa, ukuphawula kobuhlakani—abakwazi ukukusho lokhu. [Bathi] i-US izinikele kuntando yeningi, kwesinye isikhathi iyehluleka, njalo njalo. Ingabe thina kakhulu ezinikele kuntando yeningi? [Bane] izimpikiswano ezinjalo.
Iqiniso liwukuthi, nokho, i-US, njengezinye izinhlelo zamandla, ayizinikele kuntando yeningi nasekhaya. Uhulumeni wase-US akayifuni intando yeningi ekhaya. Bheka uhlelo lwezepolitiki lwase-US. … Iningi labantu—mhlawumbe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine—alinawo nhlobo umthelela kunqubomgomo. Inqubomgomo inqunywa ngokuyinhloko ngabacebe kakhulu. Lokho akusiyo intando yeningi; lokho yi-plutocracy. Futhi-ke yindlela amakhosi afuna ngayo. Futhi lokho bekulokhu kuyiqiniso.
I-KM-Ngesikhathi sengxoxo yethu ngo-2006, uthe, "Enye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu ngezombusazwe zase-US eminyakeni edlule ukuthi nakuba ukusekelwa kweBush Administration, eyayihlala incane kakhulu, yehla kakhulu ngenxa yenhlekelele ngemva kwenye. , ukusekelwa kwamaDemocrat akukakhuli.” Khuluma ngokuthi sikuphi manje.
NC—Kumanje bobabili sebephansi kakhulu ekujuleni. Bheka ama-poll amanje. Ukusekelwa kwamaRiphabhulikhi kungamaphesenti angama-28. Lokho kuphansi kakhulu emlandweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ubuza, Ungathanda ukuthi kube namaRiphabhulikhi noma amaDemocrats asemandleni, impendulo ithi: amaRiphabhulikhi. Futhi uma ubuza omunye umbuzo, Ukhetha bani ezintela, impendulo ngamaRiphabhulikhi. Bese kuthi uma umbuzo kuyinqubomgomo elandelwa amaRiphabhulikhi, kuba khona ukuphikisa okukhulu [kuyo].
Eqinisweni, lokho okwembulwa yizinhlolovo abantu abaningi abadidekile kangangokuthi abazi ukuthi kwenzekani—futhi bazonda womabili amaqembu, bazonda amabhange, bazonda izikhungo, kodwa banomuzwa wokuthi babhekene namandla amakhulu abangawabona. ungenzi lutho. Kuwukuhlakazwa kwangempela ngisho nesisekelo sentando yeningi. Lezi izimo eziyinqaba kakhulu. Eqinisweni, okwenzeka eWashington emasontweni ambalwa edlule kwamangaza umhlaba wonke. Ayikho intando yeningi yasephalamende eziphatha ngale ndlela—futhi i-US ayizange ibe nayo esikhathini esidlule. Kodwa sekufike ezingeni lapho omunye umhlaziyi waseShayina ethe [esikhungweni sezindaba sezwe iXinhua]: “Njengoba osopolitiki baseMelika bamaqembu womabili ezombusazwe [behluleka ukuthola] isivumelwano esisebenzayo sokuletha isimo esijwayelekile embuthweni wezombangazwe abaqhosha ngawo, mhlawumbe isikhathi esihle sokuthi umhlaba odidekile uqale ukucabanga ngokwakha umhlaba ongalawulwa yiMelika. ”
I-KM-Kodwa abantu baseMelika bathukuthelele iWashington ngenxa yezizathu eziningi ezihlukene—ngezinye izikhathi ezingqubuzanayo—izizathu zokuthi intukuthelo ivame ukubonakala kuwukuphela kwento evamile, eshiya umbono wokuthi akukho okwenzekayo koshintsho lwangempela…
NC-Lapho is kungenzeka. Kodwa kuzodinga imfundo nokuhleleka. Lokho kwenzeka esikhathini esidlule. Kungenzeka futhi. Kodwa inqubo ende, enzima, futhi amathemba awakhanya.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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