Ingabe i-United States ibuyela eLatin America?
Ngokuqinisekile ikhuluma njengoba injalo. NgoFebhuwari, uNobhala Wezwe laseMelika u-Rex Tillerson wavakashela lesi sifunda ngenhloso yokuthola ukwesekwa kwe-ajenda yokuguqula umbuso wase-Washington eVenezuela. Uqale uhambo ngendlela exakile, ebungaza ukubaluleka kwe-"Monroe Doctrine" eyaphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-1823. Eqinisweni, uTillerson wayegomela - nge-hubris yokuphatha kaTrump ejwayelekile - ubukhosi bukaWashington phezu kwayo yonke iWestern Hemisphere, impendulo ku-China. ubukhona besifunda.
Ithoni yaseWashington iza phakathi nokuvela kabusha kwesifunda sophiko lwe-neoliberal oluye lwabona kwesokunxele owake waba namandla - eqoqwe ngaphansi kwesibhengezo esithi "Socialism of the 21st Century" - abhekane nezingqinamba eziningi kulo lonke elaseCentral naseNingizimu Melika.
Naphezu kobuthakathaka bayo besakhiwo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamanye amazwe, i-U.S. isazimisele ukwenza konke engakwenza ukuze igcine ubukhulu “egcekeni” layo lomlando, eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. Ukungavikeleki kwaso kwamanje kwesilo esilimele kuyiphoqa ukuthi icabange kabusha ngendlela yasu.
Ukukhuluma Izindaba zeMintPress, uprofesa wesayensi yezokuhlalisana kwabantu eNyuvesi yase-Oregon kanye Ukubuyekeza Kwenyanga umhleli uJohn Bellamy Foster uthe:
Umnotho wase-US uyancipha futhi iWashington isebenzisa zonke izindlela ezikhona ukuthuthukisa amandla ayo e-geopolitical kanye ne-geoeconomic - okungukuthi, amandla ayo ombuso - njengendlela yokulwa nalokhu kwehla.
Inhloso enkulu yamanje emibuthanweni yamasu ezempi yase-U.S. iqondiswe ekukhulumeni kwalokho okubizwa nge-geoeconomic warfare njengesu eliqondile kanye nendlela yokubeka amandla ezwe. Lokhu kuhilela ukwakhiwa kweqoqo elisha lezikhali.”
I-socialism yekhulu lama-21: kusukela ekuntweleni kokusa okubomvu kuya kokuhlwa kwenkanyezi?
"Okwenzeka namuhla kulo lonke elaseLatin America kuza ngemuva kwesikhathi eside ngokungajwayelekile senqubekelaphambili esifundeni sonke," kusho umlobi nomfundisi waseNyuvesi yaseCalifornia San Diego uHarry L. Simón Salazar etshela Izindaba zeMintPress.
Eqhubeka, uSimón wachaza:
Okwabizwa onxiwankulu ngokuthi 'i-pink tide' kungalandelelwa kusukela maphakathi kuya ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990 njengokuthambekela kwesobunxele okwathonya ipolitiki yesifunda cishe iminyaka engama-20, uphiko lwangakwesokudla luya ngokuya lwaba lodwa futhi lulinganiselwe ekusebenzeni ngokungajeziswa. ngaphakathi kweColombia, eFlorida naseMexico. Umkhuba wokunxele owasakazekela kulo lonke elaseLatin America wawungowesikhungo nowokhetho, uthuthuka ngaphansi kohlaka lwezifundazwe ze-neoliberal ezinciphile kulo lonke elaseLatin America futhi ngokuvamile zithonywa ingcebo kawoyela yaseBolivarian.”
Ngo-1998, uHugo Chavez wakhethwa njengomongameli waseVenezuela, ebonisa lokho ayekubiza ngaleso sikhathi “inguquko yezenhlalo.” Ngokushesha waba inkanyezi yemibono yenkambiso entsha ye-socialist yekhulu lama-21. Ngo-2009, ohulumeni abayisishiyagalombili kwabayi-10 baseNingizimu Melika babebuswa amaqembu angakwesokunxele asekelwa izinhlangano zomphakathi, imiphakathi yendabuko, kanye nesocialist yendabuko kanye namakhomanisi asele. Okwesikhathi esithile, lezi zinhlelo zokuphatha zentando yeningi zomphakathi zibonakale zithandwa kakhulu futhi zazuza amavoti amaningi nokhetho kunanoma yimuphi uhulumeni wangaphambili.
Ngamazinga ahlukene, laba hulumeni baphule isivumelwano saseWashington sokubusa kwemakethe okungangatshazwa futhi bagxila kakhulu emalungelweni ezenhlalo, ezomnotho, namasiko abantu bezifunda. Ngomoya walokho okubizwa ukuphila okuhle (ukuphila okuhle), umbuso uqinise indima yawo - njengokutshalwa kwezimali komphakathi, imithetho yemakethe yezabasebenzi, kanye nezinye izinguquko eziqhubekayo zisabalalisa kabusha imali engenayo kanye uphakanyisiwe amashumi ezigidi zabantu aphume ebumpofu futhi angene esigabeni esisha esiphakathi. Ngisho nezigaba zesigaba sonxiwankulu kulawa mazwe zaphoqeleka ukuba zamukele ngokukhononda le miphumela emihle futhi, ezimweni eziningi, i-Conservative kanye ne-U.S. amaqembu okhetho agunyazwa futhi aphushwa emaphethelweni.
Izikhungo zamazwe amaningi njenge-Washington-based Organization of American States kanye ne-World Trade Organization nazo zakhishwa inyumbazana, njengamaqembu ohulumeni bamazwe afana ne-Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), iBolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA), kanye noMphakathi Amazwe aseLatin America naseCaribbean (CELAC) akhiwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-China Development Bank kanye ne-Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank eholwa yiBeijing baqhubeka bethatha indima ye-Inter-American Development Bank, iBhange Lomhlaba, kanye ne-IMF.
Iminyaka eminingana edlule ibe nethonya elibi eLatin America kwesokunxele. Njengoba ukuthandwa kohulumeni abaphethe kwesokunxele sesikhungo kuncipha, omongameli be-neoliberal baqala ukubusa Argentina, Chile, Futhi Peru ngezindlela zokhetho. Kwamanye amazwe, amabutho aphiko lwesokudla akwazile ukuklama amasu amasha ngale kokuvele akhiphe ivoti: ukungena Paraguay futhi Brazil, abaphathi benxele babekwa icala ekuketulweni kwephalamende okwavulela abalandeli base-U.S. ohulumeni. E-Ecuador, uMongameli uLenín Moreno - osanda kukhethwa ngokwesekwa ngumholi ophuma kwesokunxele uRafael Correa - wasebenzisa ngokushesha inkulumo ethi "anti-corruption" yeqembu eliphikisayo. ukuhlanza iqembu elibusayo la I-Correista "I-Citizen's Revolution" iqhubekela phambili ukungahambisani nomthethosisekelo kusho.
Abashokobezi baseColombia be-FARC bakhiphe izikhali esivumelwaneni sokuthula kugxekwa kakhulu ngelungelo, kodwa ukubulala nokunyamalala ukukhomba izishoshovu zasezindaweni zasemakhaya nabagqugquzeli bezinhlangano zomphakathi baqhubekile ngaphandle kokuyekethisa. Muva nje eHonduras, i-U.S. waphonsa isisindo sayo ngemuva kokukhethwa kabusha okungekho emthethweni nokuphikiswe kabanzi kuka-Juan Orlando Hernández.
U-Simón wachaza:
Ukuhlasela kwamanje kombuso/i-neoliberal okwenzeka kulo lonke elase-Latin America kwabelana ngalokho okungase kubizwe ngokuthi ikhwalithi yokuvukela umbuso - ukuzimisela phakathi kwama-derechistas [abalwela amalungelo] kanye nabaxhasi babo base-U.S. ukudiliza okusele kumbuso we-neoliberal, ikakhulukazi noma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwawo kwesokunxele, nokho. kungase kube msulwa.”
Kwezinye izimo, abahlonishwayo be-right-wing elite, abanikazi bezindlu kanye nama-oligarchs endawo njengoMongameli wangaphambili waseColombia u-Alvaro Uribe kunzima ukuhlukanisa kusuka kumafiosi, futhi bagcine izihlalo zabo emandleni naphezu kwabo izibopho eziseduze kuma-paramilitary ama-fascistic kanye namaqembu abulalayo aboshelwe ekuhwebeni kwezidakamizwa.
EVenezuela, uhulumeni kaMongameli uNicolas Maduro uye wadonsa kanzima ukwehla amanani kawoyela kanye isabatha lokho kukhubaze izigaba ezomnotho futhi kwanika amandla asekelwa yi-U.S. ukuphikiswa. I-U.S. manje ikhuluma ngokukhululekile "inketho yezempi” ngenkathi inxusa izikhulu zamasosha aseVenezuela ukuthi zisebenze “njenge-ejenti yoshintsho” ngendlela efana neka-Augusto Pinochet. ukuketula ngobudlova kaMongameli waseChile uSalvador Allende ngo-1973.
"Kwamanye amazwe aseLatin America lolu phiko lwangakwesokudla luhlasela abantu lisebenzisa izindlela ezingakaze zibonwe kusukela ezinsukwini ze-Operation Condor kanye nezimpi eziphikisanayo zama-1980s," kuphawula uSimón, eqhubeka:
I-Latin American reactionary elites [ibonisa] ukuvumelana okusekelwe esigabeni sokuthi asikho isidingo sokufihla amandla abo amanje ngokusemthethweni konxiwankulu, futhi esikhundleni salokho babonisa ukuzimisela ukuphazamisa ukuhleleka komthethosisekelo futhi bahlukanise i-'el tejido social' [inhlangano yezenhlalo. indwangu]."
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-China iqhubekile nokuhlanganisa yayo ubukhona esifundeni ngenkathi sakha ubudlelwano obuseduze bezomnotho nohulumeni waseLatin America nowase-Caribbean, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bancike kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla. I-Beijing iphindwe Ukugomela ukuthi "i-Latin America iyisandiso esingokwemvelo somgwaqo we-Maritime Silk Road wekhulu lama-21" ngokungangabazeki kwabonwa eWashington njengokusongela kwamasu e-U.S. kanye nesignali yamandla ayo anciphayo eLatin America.
"Injongo yokuqhubeka nokuhlanganiswa kweLatin America ngaphakathi koMbuso Wase-U.S. iye yahlala ingaguquki, nakuba izindlela okuye kwafinyelelwa kuzo ziye zahlukahluka ngokwemvelo kuye ngezimo zomlando," kuchaza uFoster.
"I-America First" ihlangana ne-Monroe Doctrine
Phakathi ku inkulumo eqala uhambo lwakhe lwaseLatin America ngenyanga edlule, uTillerson wancoma i-Monroe Doctrine ngokuthi “ibalulekile namuhla njengoba kwakuwusuku eyabhalwa ngalo.” Lesi simemezelo besiwukuguqulwa okuqondile kwenqubomgomo kaMongameli wangaphambili uBarack Obama ekhombisa ukuthi isikhathi sokungenelela kwamasosha ase-US esifundeni sesiphelile - isimemezelo "esifanele ukushayelwa ihlombe," njengoba owandulela uTillerson uJohn Kerry. utshele Inhlangano Yamazwe aseMelika ngo-2013.
Abahlaziyi be-liberal beltway babone inkulumo kaTillerson njenge gaffe futhi umphumela ongenzeka yokushoda kochwepheshe besifunda eMnyangweni wakhe Wezwe, nokho lokho kugomela kwaletha umuzwa odabukisayo kubagxeki be-imperialism yase-U.S.
“I-U.S. I-imperialism eLatin America ayiyona into entsha, manje isibuyela emuva okungenani emakhulwini amabili eminyaka, kanye nokugubha iminyaka engu-200 ye-Monroe Doctrine kusasele iminyaka emihlanu kuphela,” kuchaza uFoster, eqhubeka:
Imfundiso kaMonroe, evame ukudunyiswa e-United States cishe njengesilekeleli soMthethosisekelo, ngokuyinhloko isimemezelo se-US hegemony phezu kweLatin America, futhi ngokumelene nanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka esifundeni ngamandla angaphandle kwamazwe aseMelika. Isetshenziswe ukuthethelela impiriyali yase-US, kuhlanganise nokungenelela kwezempi, esifundeni esikhathini esiyiminyaka engamakhulu amabili. "
Lapho Imfundiso yeMonroe yabhalwa nguNobhala Wombuso ngaleso sikhathi uJohn Quincy Adams ngo-1823, iWashington yathi kwakudingeka ukuvimbela ukuba khona kombuso waseYurophu emazweni aseMelika. Imfundiso yaba ekugcineni enwetshiwe ukuya eHawaii nasePhilippines. Kuyo yonke ikhulu lama-20, le mfundiso yasetshenziswa ukuze kuthethelelwe impi ye-imperialism yase-US ngokumelene nohulumeni bezenhlalakahle kanye namakhomanisi kanye nezinhlangano zenkululeko kazwelonke ezibhekwa njengezinobungane eSoviet Union.
Ekuhlaziyeni kwakhe okuyingqopha-mlando ngo-1944, I-Behemoth: Isakhiwo kanye Nomkhuba we-National Socialism, Usosayensi wezepolitiki waseJalimane uFranz Neumann wendlala indlela iJalimane lamaNazi abona ngayo ukugomela okukhethekile kwaseMelika emfundisweni yeMonroe njengemodeli ye-geopolitical hegemony - ngokungafani nomthetho wendabuko wamazwe omhlaba, owabonwa "njengokudalwa kwamaJuda kanye nesembatho sombuso waseBrithani." Kuma-ideologists e-geopolitics yenkathi yamaNazi, i-Monroe Doctrine yaba isizathu sokuthethelela okwaseJalimane. grossdeutsche Reich. U-Neumann wachaza:
I-Monroe Doctrine [yaba] 'isibonelo esiphumelele kunazo zonke somgomo omkhulu emthethweni wamazwe ngamazwe' ... Kusukela ngeNgqungquthela Yokuthula Yase-Hague ka-1909, i-United States iphikelele ngokuthi i-Monroe Doctrine ithatha isikhundla esikhethekile ... Ezandleni zamaJalimane, okuhlukile manje kuba umthetho. Awusekho umthetho owodwa wamazwe ngamazwe kodwa njengoba sekunemibuso eminingi, okungukuthi, izindawo ezinkulu. I-grossdeutsche Reich ingumdali womthetho wayo wamazwe ngamazwe wendawo yayo. Abangeneleli kumele bavale izandla zabo.”
Inqubomgomo manje isicatshangelwa kabusha njengesu lama-impiriyali "I-America First" yokunciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamaShayina esifundeni - ngamazwi kaTillerson, ukuvimbela iChina ekusebenziseni "ubuhlakani bayo bezomnotho ukudonsa isifunda endaweni yaso."
Impi ye-geoeconomic ne-China yamazwe aseMelika
Ukuphawula kuka-Tillerson kube umphumela wezingxoxo eziqhubekayo eWashington mayelana nendlela engcono kakhulu yokuphinda kuqinisekiswe amandla ezomnotho nezempi ahlaba umkhosi e-U.S., Foster waphawula, ekhomba “incwadi eshisa izikhotha emibuthanweni yombuso yase-U.S.” - uMkhandlu Wobudlelwane Nangaphandle' Impi Ngezinye Izindlela: I-Geoeconomics kanye ne-Statecraft.
In incwadi ka-2016, ababhali uRobert D. Blackwell kanye noJennifer M. Harris bagqamisa usongo lwaseChina ku-U.S. hegemony esifundeni, beqhathanisa ngokungafanele amandla okuphoqelela aseWashington nekhono laseBeijing lokuhlinzeka ngosizo lwentuthuko kanye nosizo olungenazimo ukuze kwandiswe amandla ayo e-geopolitical:
Izifundazwe eziningi zenza i-geopolitics ngemali enkulu, zizama ngezincwadi zokuhlola ezizimele namanye amathuluzi ezomnotho ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo zamasu esikhathini esidlule ezazivame ukuba yizinto zokuphoqelela amasosha noma ukunqoba ... I-United States ayinazo izinqubomgomo ezihambisanayo zokubhekana nalezi zenzo ze-geoeconomic yaseShayina. - eziningi zazo eziqondiswe ngokuqondile kubalingani baseMelika nabangane.
… [A] amasu ezomnotho we-statecraft asephenduke ubuciko obulahlekile e-United States, umhlaba wonke usuthuthele kolunye uhlangothi. I-Russia, i-China, namanye manje ajwayele ukubheka izindlela ze-geoeconomic, ngokuvamile njengendawo yokuqala yokuphumula, futhi ngokuvamile ukubukela phansi amandla nomthelela waseMelika. Ngokuziba indima ekhula njalo ye-geoeconomics ohlelweni lwamazwe ngamazwe, i-United States ixhaphaza amathuba futhi inciphise imiphumela yayo yenqubomgomo yezangaphandle ... Inikeza i-China inkululeko yamahhala emazweni ase-Afrika naseLatin America asengozini."
"Ngakho-ke i-Monroe Doctrine manje isivuselelwa futhi ihunyushwa kabusha ukuze inwebele ku-geoeconomic statecraft kanye nezimpi," kusho uFoster. “I-United States ngokuyisisekelo iphikelela ekubuseni kwayo kwezomnotho okuphelele kanye nakwezempi ‘egcekeni layo laseLatin America.’” UFoster wanezela:
“Ngikholwa ukuthi iVenezuela ikakhulukazi isiphenduke isivivinyo salelisu elisha lempi ye-geoeconomic. Kodwa akuyona iVenezuela kuphela okubhekiswe kuyo, futhi ezindaweni ezahlukene kusetshenziswa izikhali ezahlukene.”
Njengoba i-US ibambe iqhaza emizamweni ehlukahlukene “yokushintsha kombuso” kanye nezingxabano ezisezingeni eliphansi emhlabeni wonke, okuhloswe ngazo ukuvikela ukubusa kwayo - isimo sempi engapheli eyaziwa ngabakhi benqubomgomo baseWashington ngokuthi Impi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu Entsha - Ikhono le-U.S. lokungenelela okuqondile kwezempi ngokumelene ne ehlome ngokwesabekayo I-National Bolivarian Armed Forces yaseVenezuela iguguleke kakhulu. Ngisho noTrump, ezungezwe njengoba engojenene bangaphambili abasezingeni eliphezulu njengoNobhala Wezokuvikela uJames “Mad Dog” Mattis, angakuqonda lokhu.
Ngakho-ke indlela ye-asymmetric iyindlela ekhethwayo yokwenza "ushintsho lombuso," kuchaza uFoster, eqhubeka:
Isu lase-US e-Latin America bekuwukugxila ekuguquleni imingcele ehlukahlukene ngokuvuna kwayo, ukwenza buthaka kanye nokuhlukanisa izifundazwe zase-Latin America, kanye nokunciphisa indima yaseChina ... Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Venezuela nezinye izifunda ze-ALBA kubalulekile, lapho i-U.S. ukungenelela kwezempi ngenhlanganisela yezifundazwe. [Ngokwesibonelo], ukuphikiswa kwaseVenezuela kuye kwakhuthazwa ngaphansi kokuvukela ‘kwenhlangano yomphakathi’.”
Ukwesaba okuphakathi
Ku-Harry L. Simón Salazar, ukuhlasela kwamanje kwe-U.S. neoliberal eLatin America kuya ngokuya kuba indima eyabelwe abezindaba. Ngisho nasemazweni anjenge-Ecuador kanye neVenezuela, imithombo yezindaba ihlezi isezandleni zezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezizinze e-US noma iWashington- neMiami-loyal. elites.
Kweyakhe esanda kushicilelwa ibhuku, Ithelevishini, Intando Yeningi, kanye Nokulamula Kwezepolitiki YaseChile, uSimón uhlaziye inguquko yaseChile yango-1990 isuka embusweni wobushiqela wenkathi ye-Pinochet ukuya ekubuseni kwabantu. Ngokubuka kukaSimón, i-1988 Franja de Propaganda Electoral umkhankaso wawuyisibonelo socwaningo lwendlela abezindaba abadlala ngayo indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni amagugu e-neoliberal amasiko kanye “nepolitiki yalokho okungenzeka” emiqondweni yabantu.
Lo mkhankaso ubuwumzamo wokusebenzisana phakathi kobushiqela obuphumayo kanye namaqembu aphikisayo entando yeningi. Kufilimu yase-Chile yango-2012, Cha, yavezwa ngenkumbulo njengomkhiqizo we-crass we-ejensi yokukhangisa.
U-Simón wachaza:
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980, imithombo yezindaba yaseLatin America ayizange nje isetshenziswe ilungelo lokusungula umzabalazo wezombusazwe, kodwa yaba yimithombo yezindaba eyayivame ukuba yinkundla yomzabalazo wezombusazwe ikakhulukazi wophiko lwesokudla (namacala ambalwa kwesokunxele) , amaqembu ahleliwe namafomu enhlangano abelwa isikhundla sesibili.”
Umbono wakhe ugcizelelwe nguMongameli wangaphambili wase-Ecuadorian uRafael Correa muva nje umbono ucezu kweCuba I-Granma nsuku zonke, lapho okwake kwathandwa kakhulu futhi manje ehlanjalazwe kabanzi umholi wagcizelela:
Imibuso yethu yentando yeningi kufanele ibizwe ngentando yeningi elamulayo. Abezindaba bayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwezepolitiki kunamaqembu nezinhlelo zokhetho; sebephenduke amaqembu amakhulu aphikisayo ohulumeni abathuthukayo, futhi bangabameleli beqiniso bebhizinisi namandla epolitiki alandelanayo.
Akukhathalekile ukuthi yini evumelana kangcono neningi, yini ehlongozwayo emkhankasweni wokhetho, nokuthi yini abantu - umlingisi oyinhloko kuyo yonke intando yeningi - abakunqumile okhethweni. Okubalulekile wukuthi abezindaba bakugunyaza noma abakuphikisayo ezihlokweni zabo. Baye bafaka iSimo Sombono esikhundleni soMthetho Womthetho.”
USimón, njengoCorrea, ubona leli qiniso elisha njengesikhathi esibalulekile sokuzigxeka kanye nesidingo sokuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukugqashula ekubanjweni kwe-imperialism ngezindlela ezinokuthula zentando yeningi:
Kufanele sicabange kabusha ukubaluleka okuhlobene komzabalazo wokhetho ngaphakathi komongo wonxiwankulu be-neoliberal, futhi njengengxenye ye-Latin America esele kufanele siwulinganise lo mlando futhi siphinde sibhekisise izinto eziza kuqala kithi.
Uma i-neoliberalism eLatin America ibonakale iqinile kangangokuthi ikwazi ukusinda kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-pink tide' - futhi ikwazi ukukhuphuka ihlehlise izinzuzo eziqhubekayo zeminyaka engama-20 edlule - ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi siqonde ukuthi amandla ayo futhi ithonya lalingewona nje umsebenzi wamandla kamongameli nawomthethosisekelo kuphela.”
I-Venezuela ngokumelene "nomdondoshiya onezinyawo zobumba:" uDavid omusha ngokumelene noGoliyati?
ENingizimu Melika, babili kuphela ohulumeni besokunxele bangempela abasele bemile: iBolivia kanye neBolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Okwamanje, ukuguquguquka kombuso waseWashington kugxile kulokhu kokugcina. Ukuphendula, iCaracas ihlangabezane nochungechunge lwezinhlawulo nezinsongo zase-US ngokujula kwezinyathelo eziqinile ezihloselwe ukuhlanganisa izwe laseBolivarian, kusukela kwezempi-yamasosha. umzimba ekwethulweni kwe UPetru imali yedijithali kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-a IsiGungu Sikazwelonke Somthethosisekelo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, abaphathi bakaTrump bayaqhubeka nokuzihlukanisa nezinqubomgomo zabo ezingahlangani kanye nezinhlangothi zonke ubutha kumngane nesitha ngokufanayo.
"IVenezuela sekumenyezelwe ukuthi iyisitha esisemthethweni, kodwa uhlu lwezitha ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni zase-United States manje seluningi kakhulu," kusho uFoster. "IVenezuela ayiyona yodwa futhi umhlaba wonke ungabona unswinyo lwezomnotho nezinye izindlela eziphoqelelayo ezibekwayo ukuze iVenezuela iguqe."
Eqhubeka, uFoster wachaza:
Ngicabanga ukuthi isifundo lapha singasithola eCuba. Alukho usuku lapho iCuba ingazange igcizelele kubantu bayo kanye nomhlaba wonke ngemiphumela eyingozi yokuvinjwa kwe-US eCuba. Umlayezo olula nonamandla.”
I-United States isekude nomgomo wayo wokuziqinisa ngokugcwele endaweni yayo eyingqophamlando, ngokubuka kukaSimón, kodwa isakwazi ukuhlanganisa abameleli bayo basendaweni:
Engikholelwa ukuthi okwenzekayo manje eLatin America kuhambisana kakhulu nokuvukela umbuso wamaphekula, okuhambisana nobugebengu obuhleliwe kanye nezikhulu zezomnotho zamazwe ngamazwe, okwenze imali ngesiphithiphithi futhi uzimisele ukwenza izwe lingabuseki uma kuyilokho okudingekayo ukuze kuphinde kuthathwe amandla ezombusazwe. nokuhlanza okusele kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-pink tide.'”
Ekhulwini lama-21 elimakwe ukunqotshwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-imperialism yase-US kanye nokukhula "kwe-multipolarity" emhlabeni wonke, i-United States isalokhu "ingumdondoshiya onezinyawo zobumba," njengoba u-Immanuel Wallerstein enzile. waphikisana. Lo mbuso usenamandla aqinile okugabisa izitha zawo empini evamile, kodwa futhi uvinjwa ukuntenga kwawo kwezomnotho, ukunganaki kwezombusazwe, kanye nokungakhululeki ngezindleko zokungenelela okuchitha igazi nokuthatha isikhathi eside eVenezuela.
"I-Venezuela manje isiyisisulu sempi ye-geoeconomic echazwe ngokucacile kuwo wonke amazinga, eklanyelwe ukuyithambisa ukuze kuketulwe umbuso noma kungenelele amasosha," kusho uFoster. "Lo mlayezo kufanele udluliselwe emhlabeni wonke nsuku zonke."
Naphezu kolaka lwayo, noma yimuphi umzamo weWashington wokusungula impi ehlangene nohulumeni waseLatin America ngokungangabazeki ungaholela ekuqubukeni kwetsunami yomoya wokulwa nama impiriyali ovela emiphakathini eminingi yesifunda. Ukuqiniswa kabusha kwesinxele esidumile kuyinto engenzeka kulesi simo, ingasaphathwa eyokuphikiswa okuqinile kwezempi.
Ingozi isalokhu iwukuthi kule nkundla yezwe ekhungethwe yizinhlekelele, ukuthambekela kukahulumeni wase-United States ukudala uthuthuva kungaholela enhlekeleleni esifundeni noma kobunye “ubusuku obude” bobushiqela abaphiko lwesokudla - abazimisele ukubuyisela amazwe abo emuva ekucindezeleni izwe. abampofu, abacebile abakhohlakele, futhi bathumela izinto zokusetshenziswa emazweni ayinhloko yama-imperialism eNyakatho Melika, e-Asia naseYurophu.
Kungaba iphutha, nokho, ukwenza ihaba ngamakhono eWashington okunqoba “kumdlalo omkhulu” we-21st-century imperialist statecraft kanye ne-geoeconomic warfare - ingasaphathwa ikhono layo lokuvuselela amandla alahlekile ngokubuyisela i-Monroe Doctrine eyashona kudala ethuneni. .
Elliott Gabriel ungumbhali wangaphambili we-teleSUR English kanye nomnikeli we-MintPress News ozinze e-Quito, e-Ecuador. Ubambe iqhaza elikhulu ekukhulumeni nasekuhleleni izinhlangano ezisekela abasebenzi, ubulungiswa bokufika kanye nokunyakaza kwamaphoyisa okuziphendulela eSouthern California kanye neCentral Coast yesifunda.
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