Kusukela ekulweleni amalungelo omphakathi ekuqaleni kwawo-60s kuya ekuphikisaneni neMpi YaseVietnam, ukusungula i-Men Against Patriarchy kanye nokugqugquzela ukulwa nezikhali zenuzi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ubushoshovu bukaGeorge Lakey bufundeka njengokuphindaphinda kwezingxabano ezinkulu zomphakathi zase-US ngemva kwempi. umlando. UmMelika oneminyaka engu-74 ubudala ubhale izincwadi eziyisishiyagalombili futhi wanikeza izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi mayelana nezinguquko kwezenhlalo ezingaphezu kuka-1500 emazwenikazi amahlanu - kubavukuzi bamalahle nabasebenzi bensimbi abatelekile, abantu abangenamakhaya, izindela zaseSri Lanka kanye namasosha angama-guerrilla aseBurma. Namuhla unguSolwazi Wezifundo Zokuthula Nezingxabano eSwarthmore College.
ELondon ekuqaleni kwe-UK, u-Lakey uchaza ukuthi yini eyamgcina iminyaka engu-50 yobushoshovu: "Ngithandaza kakhulu, ngikhala kakhulu futhi ngikholelwa emaholidini". Ngihlukunyezwe kancane ukwethembeka kwakhe, ngiyabona ukuthi kuseyinto engavamile ukuba indoda iphumele obala ngemizwa yayo.
Uzichaza njengosocialist omisiwe. โAma-anarchists ayangibiza kodwa ngihlala ngimangele uma benza kanjalo ngoba ngiyayithanda intando yeningi yenhlalo njengoba ithuthukiswe eNorway,โ usho kanje. โNgithanda ukuthatha izinqumo ukuthi kwenzeke ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Ngicabanga ukuthi yingakho ngiphuthelwe ubuKhomanisi ngenxa yokuthanda kwabo ukubeka amandla amaningi ezingeni likahulumeni, ngisho nasezifundazweni ezinkulu kakhulu.โ
U-Lakey waziwa kakhulu ngokusungula i-Movement for a New Society (MNS), iqembu eliqinile lase-US elasebenza phakathi kuka-1971 no-1988. njengokuthatha izinqumo ezivumelanayo, izikhulumeli kanye namaqembu ahlangene. "Umbono wokuthi inguquko engenalo udlame inezingxenye eziningana kuwo", uyachaza. โOkunye wukuthi kufezeke ngomzabalazo ongenadlame kunodlame. Kulezi zinsuku lokho akubonakali kumangalisa njengoba kwakwenza ngisaqala ukuyimela. Sekunemizabalazo eminingi engenalo udlame ekhiphe ubundlovukayiphikiswa kangangoba akusewona umqondo omusha.โ Ngaphezu kwalokho ubona uguquko olungenalo udlame lusho uguquko lolwandle kumagugu. โEmphakathini omusha kunenhlonipho eyengeziwe ngabantu nemvelo.โ
U-Lakey wenza umehluko ocacile phakathi kwabaguquli abangenalo udlame nama-pacifists. "Ngokomlando umbono we-pacifism ubuhlotshaniswa nesigaba esiphakathi kanye nokungavumelani nezingxabano. Ukungqubuzana kubhekwa njengento engeyinhle, ngakho-ke umqondo wukuthi singayilungisa kanjani ukuze singaxabani.โ Ngokuphambene uLakey, njengomeluleki wakhe ku-Gene Sharp ongenalo udlame, ubheka ukungqubuzana njengento enhle, noma okungenani isinyathelo esidingekayo, ukuze kuthuthuke. โNgicabanga ukuthi omunye umehluko ogqamayo phakathi kwempilo yesigaba sabasebenzi nempilo yesigaba esiphakathi ukuthi ngokuvamile engxabanweni yesigaba sabasebenzi yaziswa kakhulu.โ
โNgicabanga ukuthi kungesinye sezizathu ezenza ezemidlalo zithokozelwe kakhulu, ikakhulukazi imidlalo enzima, empilweni yesigaba sabasebenzi kunempilo yesigaba esiphakathi,โ kusho uLakey, owakhuliswa ngokwezinga labasebenzi. "Kukhona into enika amandla kakhulu futhi ejulile yomuntu mayelana nombango kanye nokuzabalaza nokuba ngqo nokuvuleleka". Kanye nomqondo kaMarx womzabalazo wekilasi, uGandhi ube nomthelela omkhulu kuLakey. โWayekwazisa kakhulu ukungqubuzana, wayengajabule neze uma abantu bengalwi eduze! Ngokwefilosofi wayekholelwa ukuthi iqiniso lingase livele lapho abantu bexabana ngenxa yemibono yabo ehlukene yeqiniso, kunokuba nje babe nengxoxo enesizotha ngayo.โ
Izinkolelo eziwumgogodla zikaLakey zokungabi nodlame zingatholakala encwadini yakhe yango-1973 ethi Strategy For A Living Revolution, esanda kushicilelwa kabusha yi-Peace News. Encwadini uveza uhlaka lwezigaba ezinhlanu zokuzuza uguquko olungenalo udlame: ukulungiselela amasiko, ukwakhiwa kwenhlangano, ukubhekana nezikhungo ezinamandla, ukungasebenzisani kwabantu abaningi futhi ekugcineni kuthathelwe indawo izakhiwo ezikhona zamandla. "Isizathu sokuthi kungani kube nesigaba sesihlanu, hhayi nje isigaba sesine, sikhonjiswe endabeni yaseGibhithe kulezi zinsuku", usho kanje. โKungenzeka ukuthi kudaleke isikhala sokubusa, okungenani okwesikhashana, ngomzabalazo ongenalo udlame. Khona-ke umbuzo uthi yini evala isikhala? Uma isikhala sigcwaliswa ngephesenti elilodwa kusho ukuthi asikakafiki kude kangako.โ Ubona imodeli yakhe ihambisana kakhulu nombuso wobushiqela kunemibuso yentando yeningi yaseNtshonalanga. โUbuhlakani bokuvumelana nezimo konxiwankulu baseNtshonalanga yikhono labo lokuhlehlisa isigaba sesine ngokusebenzisana - futhi ikakhulukazi uma kungamandla ombuso ukukhetha ngokubambisana kwesigaba sabasebenzi ngokunikeza okuhle. Ngo-1926 kwaba neGeneral Strike eBrithani kodwa ingavunyelwa. Faka iLabour Party, vumela iLabour Party iphathe uMbuso okwesikhashana. "
Ngonyaka odlule kwakuyinhlangano ye-Occupy eyayinezicukuthwane e-US nasemhlabeni jikelele. โIgalelo elikhulu le-Occupy bekuwukusinika ulimi lokukhuluma ngekilasi ebesingalisebenzisanga ngokufanayo.โ Ukusabela okweqile kubuKhomanisi e-US kusho ukuthi isilulumagama abantu baseYurophu abasisebenzisayo ukuxoxa ngeqiniso lokubusa kwesigaba besingakatholakali kubantu abaningi baseMelika, uyaphikisana. "Ngakho-ke i-Occupy ithi iphesenti elilodwa kube impumelelo."
U-Lakey uyeseka kakhulu i-Occupy kodwa okumkhathaza kakhulu namuhla ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu โngoba kuningi kakhulu โ uma singakuxazululi lokho kuningi okunye ngeke sithole isikhala esiningi sokusebenza. Siyoba sezingeni elinjalo lokusinda. Kuzoba nzima kakhulu.โ Ikakhulukazi agxile kakhulu ekumbiweni kwamalahle okususwa esiqongweni sezintaba, okubangela ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo okukhulu kanye nokwanda kwamazinga omdlavuza endaweni ezungezile. Njengengxenye ye-Earth-Quaker Action Team u-Lakey ubelokhu ebambe futhi evala amagatsha ebhange le-PNC, elitshala imali ekususeni esiqongweni sezintaba.
Ukholelwa ukuthi ukuba no-Obama eWhite House kusho ukuthi isibalo sabasuswa esiqongweni sezintaba sincane kunalokhu obekungaba ngaso ngaphansi komongameli weRiphabhulikhi, nakuba engenalo inkohliso ngohlelo lwamaqembu amabili ase-US. โIphesenti elilodwa lingabanikazi bamaqembu womabili e-US, futhi lokho bekuyiqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathiโ, uthi. โKwesinye isikhathi amaDemocrats anikeze inhlonipho enkulu kubasebenzi kodwa ngokomlando indima yamaDemocrats ibingukusebenzisana futhi iqhaza lamaRepublicans bekuyingcindezelo. Bake baba naleyo ngxenye yemisebenzi. Iphoyisa elilungile, iphoyisa elibi - kodwa bobabili bangamaphoyisa asabela ezifisweni zesigaba esibusayo."
Ngakolunye uhlangothi uzimisele ukugcizelela ukuthi uzovotela umengameli ngoNovemba โngoba ngithanda amaphoyisa amahle kunamaphoyisa amabi.โ
โNgiboshiwe yizo zombili lezi zinhlobo kanti uma ngiboshwa ngincamela iphoyisa elisebenza kahle noma yiluphi usuku lwesonto. Ngishaywe amaphoyisa. Ngicela ungithumelele iphoyisa elihle uma ngiboshwa. Futhi akubuzwa ukuthi u-Obama uyiphoyisa elihle.โ
Okubalulekile, uLakey ukholelwa ukuthi, wukuthi abathuthukayo bafake ingcindezi ethe xaxa ku-Obama. Njengoba isazi-mlando esingasekho uHoward Zinn sasho ngo-2008: โInhloso yethu kufanele kube ukwakha, ngesineke, ngesineke kodwa ngamandla, inhlangano okuthi, uma ifinyelela esixukwini esithile esibucayi, inyakazise noma ngubani oseNdlu Emhlophe, kuKhongolose, ukuba angene. ukushintsha inqubomgomo kazwelonke ezindabeni zempi nobulungisa bezenhlalakahle.โ
ULakey ukhala ngokuthi kuye kwaba โnokuwohloka kokholo nethemba phakathi kwezikhulu zenkululeko nakwesokunxele e-US.โ Njalo engusomaqhinga, uchaza ukuthi ukuhlehla okuningi nokuhlehla kusukela ku-Reagan Administration kubeke izishoshovu eziqhubekayo ekuzivikeleni. "UGandhi wayehlala ethi umgomo wokuqala wesu ukuthi uhlasele futhi uhlale uhlasela noma ngabe kwenzekani."
I-Toward a Living Revolution, uhlelo olubuyekeziwe lwe-Strategy for a Living Revolution, lushicilelwe yi-Peace News Press, enenani lika-ยฃ15. www.peacenews.info.
*U-Ian Sinclair ungumbhali ozimele ozinze ku
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