Okunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nabo, isikhulu se-UN esiqotho sangitshela, โabayintshantshu.โ Ngangikhuluma naye eMonrovia, inhloko-dolobha yaseLiberia, ngo-2004. Ibutho elikhulu le-UN, elinamandla angu-15,000 1997, lalizama kanzima ukuphuca amasosha ahlakazekile kakhulu acekela phansi indawo iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Abantu abaningi bebecabanga ukuthi ukukhishwa kwezikhali kuzoba lula ngoba inqwaba yamasosha aseLiberia ake abhekana nalolu hlelo phambilini, abanye babo kabili. Kuke kwaba nenqubo engaphelele, eyayiqondiswe yi-Ecomog (umbutho waseNtshonalanga Afrika) ngaphambi nje kokhetho olubi lwango-12,000, futhi abanye babalweli baseLiberia base bephucwe izikhali njengabalweli eSierra Leone ngesikhathi senqubo yalelozwe (ngaphambili) yokuhoxiswa kwezikhali eyayigadwe yi-UN. . Kepha umzamo wokuqala wokudiliza abantu waba nesiphithiphithi ngemuva kokuthi amasosha, efuna imali encane yokuletha izikhali zawo ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi, agasele eMonrovia. Okungenani abantu abayisishiyagalombili babulawa odlameni olwalandela. Kulo mcimbi, i-UN yakhokha amasosha angu-8,000 XNUMX kodwa yathola izikhali ezingu-XNUMX XNUMX kuphela.
Isikhulu se-UN sangitshela ngomoya ophansi mayelana nomhlangano omude wamahora amabili esasibe nawo โnoJenene abangama-48โ. "Iningi labo bekuyizingane, kunjalo," enezela. โFuthi inkinga ukuthi laba oJenene basehlathini banomona ngokuphelele ngezikhundla zabo! Kwenza igama elithi โferalโ lingasho lutho.โ Lesi sikhulu sasikisela ukuba ngihambe naso siye eGbarnga ukuze ngiyozibonela ngawami. Ngokungabaza ngavuma. UGbarnga wake waba yikomkhulu leNational Patriotic Front kaCharles Taylor yaseLiberia (NPFL), eyaqala impi yaseLiberia. Lase libe incithakalo enkulu; futhi izindlela zokuwohloka kwawo kwakuwukuthi manje lase lizibophezele, futhi, libheke enkabeni yosizi lwaseLiberia: amasosha ayekanise lapho ayekade ethule futhi enodlame ngokwesabekayo. Ulayini wabo omude wawumise endaweni yedolobha ukuze uhambise izibhamu ezindala ze-AK 47 futhi uqoqe imali yazo ngesikhathi sifika lapho. Izinto zabonakala zihamba kahle lapho kungazelelwe ibhungu elibhincekile elinebhande ekhanda ligxumela ngaphambi kolayini, laphakamisa isibhamu salo esidala futhi liqala ukuthethisa izikhulu ze-UN. โAmaqola kamamaโฆSinike imali yethu manje noma sizoya eSierra Leone, eGuinea, e-Ivory Coast, futhi siqale ukulwa futhiโฆโ nganyonyoba ngasuka.
Ngizithole ngikhumbula lesi sigameko esibuhlungu muva nje lapho ngiqala ukufunda inoveli ka-Ahmadou Kourama ehlasimulisayo ethi Allah Akaphoqelekile. Umlingiswa wayo ophakathi onenhlamba, uBirihima, owayeyisilwi esiseyingane owake wabona inkonzo ezimpini zaseLiberia naseSierra Leone, ngenjabulo uzichaza โnjengodelela njengentshebe yembuzi,โ futhi othanda inhlamba โnjengomfene.โ Uyaqhubeka: โAngisenandaba namasiko asekhaya, ngoba ngike ngiseLiberia futhi ngabulala abafana abaningi nge-AK-47 (sasiyibiza ngokuthi 'kalash') futhi ngajolelwa. kanif [insangu] nenqwaba yezidakamizwa ezinzima.โ Uthi manje usehaqwe โizipoki zabantu abaningi abangenacala engababulala,โ futhi lokhu akuwona โumbukwane owakhayo.โ
Le noveli yashicilelwa okokuqala eFrance ngo-2000, kwathi umbhali wayo wase-Ivorian washona eminyakeni emithathu kamuva. Kwakuyimpumelelo enkulu eFrance, kodwa uhlelo lwayo lwesiNgisi, olwanyatheliswa uWilliam Heinemann ngonyaka odlule, lwaba nezinkulumo ezimbalwa ezihloniphekile futhi lwakhohlwa ngokushesha. Ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi 'nigger' kwenoveli cishe bekukude kakhulu, futhi ngokungangabazeki kwenza indaba - ukuhlola okunamandla ngokwengqondo kwesigameko esibi sebutho lezingane - okungaphakanyiswe kangako kumfundi wohlelo lwesiNgisi kunayo. empeleni kunjalo. Umxoxi uthi ekuqaleni kule noveli ukuthi "isihloko esigcwele, sokugcina nesiphelele sendaba yami yobu bullshit sithi u-Allah akaphoqelekile ukuthi angenzeleli kuzo zonke izinto azenzayo emhlabeni." Kuwukuqondisisa okufana noko, othwebula uhlobo lokungabaza, kuze kube muva nje, obeluzungeza isenzakalo sokuba yisosha lezingane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezingane empini yezikhali cishe kudala njengempi ngokwayo, futhi akukaze kukhawulelwe emabuthweni angajwayelekile. Ngisho noClauswitz, isazi semfundiso yenkolo esikhulu sempi evamile, wajoyina ibutho lasePrussia eneminyaka engu-13; futhi kwakunamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantwana kuwo wonke amabutho amakhulu alwa iziMpi Zezwe ezimbili. Ngemva kokudonsa kanzima, ngo-1989 amazwe angu-193 asayina i-UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, ebeka iminyaka engu-15 njengeminyaka ephansi yokubuthelwa ebuthweni elihlomile. Phela i-US (neSomalia, ngokungangabazeki ngenxa yokuthi yayingenaye uhulumeni) yasayina kodwa yenqaba ukwamukela umhlangano. Lesi Sivumelwano sashaywa indiva ngisho nalabo abasisayina, futhi kwakungekho thuluzi elingokomthetho lokusiphoqelela. Ngeminyaka yawo-1980 i-Renamo, iqembu lamavukelambuso elinesihluku (kanye ne-mercenary) e-Mozambique elalilindele ukuthi i-Revolutionary United Front (RUF) yaseSierra Leone (RUF) isebenzise ukunqunywa kwezitho njengeqhinga lempi, yayenze yasakazwa yonke indawo ukubuthwa kwezingane embuthweni wayo (futhi ilindele iRUF. ) ingxenye eyinhloko yokuvukela kwayo. Amanye amaqembu amavukela-mbuso ase-Afrika, nawo ayengama-mercenary, alandela leli phethini; kanye nombukwane wezingane ezifakwe izidakamizwa ezihlome ngezibhamu ze-AK 47 kanye nobudlova obuhlasela izakhamuzi ezingenakuzivikela zaba ingxenye yonke yempi yase-Afrika: yaba yisingathekiso sokungathuthuki kwezwekazi kanye nonya olungenangqondo. Ngemuva komkhankaso oshubile - owawuholwa nguGraca Machel, unkosikazi kaNelson Mandela waseMozambique, ngokwesekwa nguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseCanada ngaleso sikhathi u-Lloyd Axworthy - ngokumelene naleli qiniso elisha elishaqisayo, uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN ngo-2000 waphasisa i-Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children. ku-Armed Conflict, engenzanga mehluko phakathi kwamasosha asemthethweni namasosha angewona awezwe, futhi eyayichaza ukubuthwa kwezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 (esikhundleni seminyaka eyi-15) njengobugebengu bempi.
Kusukela lapho, ukuqulwa kwamacala empi axhaswe yi-UN, njengalelo laseSierra Leone, kufake phakathi ukubuthwa kwezingane emaqenjini ahlomile njengecala elibhekiswe esintwini. Nokho njengoba ngibhala, kulinganiselwa ukuthi zingu-300 000 izingane ezikhonza emabuthweni ahlukene noma emaqenjini amasosha emhlabeni jikelele. Ngesikhathi sempi yaseSierra Leone, i-RUF yayizokwenza ukuthi izingane zayo zibuthwe ngama-bayonets ashisayo: izibalo ze-R-U-F zaziqoshwe ngokoqobo emzimbeni wazo, zihlubuka - ngoba ama-RUF fighters abanjwa amasosha kahulumeni futhi ngezinye izikhathi abantu abavamile babevame ukubulawa - cishe akunakwenzeka. . Lezi zingane - ezinomsindo, eziyingozi futhi eziyingozi kakhulu - bese zizulazula emaphandleni, zicekele phansi yonke into ephilayo ezihlangana nayo.
Ngaphambi nje kokuba kukhishwe i-Optional Protocol, ngaba khona engqungqutheleni eyayikhuluma ngezingane ezingamasosha, eyayihlelwe u-Axworthy (futhi yaphathwa uMarcel) edolobheni laseCanada iWinnipeg ngo-2000. Kwesinye sezimiso, ngazama ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwezingane ezithunjiwe nezithunjwa. abangeniswa emasosheni (njengoba kwenza i-RUF) kanye nalabo abathi, abayizintandane nabashiywe dengwane ngenxa yemikhankaso yobushokobezi yabashokobezi ngokuzithandela bajoyina amabutho noma amabutho asekela uhulumeni, bazitholela ikhaya kanye nohlobo oluthile lokuphepha. Isishoshovu/isazi sezombangazwe saseLiberia uConmany Wesseh, owayehileleke ngentshiseko kule nkinga eNtshonalanga Afrika, wangibizela eceleni futhi wathi: โLe ndaba ayiwuvumi umehluko omuhle kangaka. Ukubuthelwa kwezingane kunoma yiliphi iqembu elihlomile kubi. Ninikeza ithuba kuzo zonke izinhlobo zosomathuba ngokuphikelela: yimuphi umehluko okhona phakathi kwamabutho athile nawo wonke la maqembu amavukela-mbuso?โ Iphuzu lakhe alizange liphenduleke, futhi ngathula ngale ndaba kusukela manje.
Impumelelo emangalisayo ka-Ishmael Beah ethi A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier (Farrar Straus Giroux, 2007) uveza leli phuzu ngenye indlela, nakuba i-akhawunti yakhe ebuhlungu kodwa eqephuzayo ingaxazululi ngqo inkinga ewudaba. UBeah usebenze njengesosha lengane eButhweni Lezempi laseSierra Leone phakathi nempi yezwe eyathatha iminyaka eyishumi. Incwadi yakhe, elandisa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okudabukisayo phakathi naleso sikhathi, ibiphezulu ohlwini lwabathengisi beNew York Times amasonto ambalwa manje, futhi inikezwa yi-Starbucks ezinkulungwaneni zayo zezitolo zekhofi eNyakatho Melika. Kube wumuzwa. Ngenkathi ngifunda ikhophi yami endizeni phakathi nohambo olufushane olusuka eChicago luya eNew York City muva nje, intombazane ebukekayo eyeve eshumini nambili yancika esihlalweni sami futhi, igigitheka, yangibuza ukuthi ngabe ngikuthola kuthakazelisa yini. โNgimuzwe [uBeah] ekhuluma izolo ngase ngithenga ikhophi lapho,โ kusho yena. โNgijabule kakhulu ngakho!โ Kwakuwukuncoma okungenakulinganiswa okungenziwa ngencwadi esanda kukhishwa, emsulwa ekufuneni kwayo ukwazi nobumsulwa bayo; futhi icishe yenza eyodwa - umuntu obuye abhale ngempi ethinta inkumbulo kaBeah - cishe eluhlaza ngomona. Lokhu kungafundwa njengokudalulwa okugcwele. Ngakho-ke mangisho khona manjalo ukuthi ngithole indaba ka-Beah emangazayo ingaxazululi futhi yanelisa kakhulu: umbhali, oseneminyaka engu-27 manje, uvela njengensizwa ehlakaniphe kakhulu enobuhlakani obumangalisayo bokubhala. Kodwa i-akhawunti yakhe inamaphutha asobala.
UBeah wayesanda kwedlula ishumi lapho impi iqala eSierra Leone. Wayefunda isikole edolobhaneni eliseningizimu yeSierra Leone, elaba elinye lamahholo emidlalo yaseshashalazini abalulekile kule ngxabano eyachitha igazi. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayesefunde uShakespeare, futhi wayengacaphuna izindima ezivela kuJulius Caesar ngekhanda. Wayesethanda ne-American Hip Hop. Le ncwadi iwucwaningo oluqhubekayo kulokhu kuqhathanisa: isiko eliphakeme uma liqhathaniswa neliphansi, ibhungu elithanda uShakespeare elenza izenzo zonya, izakhamuzi ezesabayo ngokumelene nababulali abanamehlo abomvu, abantu abanobungane ngokumelene nezombusazwe ezinonya, unya lokudangala ngokumelene nomusa omsulwa, iSierra Leone ekhungethwe ubumpofu. ngokumelene nabacebile eNew York. Futhi ngokushesha kuyacaca ukuthi le ncwadi ihloselwe, okokuqala nokugcina, ekufundeni kwaseMelika. Akunankinga ngalokho: ngoba uBeah usitshela kusenesikhathi ukuthi uhlose ukulungisa ilukuluku lalabo afunda nabo esikoleni ababehlale besola ukuthi wayengabatsheli konke ngesikhathi sakhe esidlule. Futhi lokhu okwedlule, ngakho-ke, kuhlanganisa inkumbulo yakhe โyezinsuku ezimnandi zasehloboโ eSierra Leone โ izimvula ezinamandla ezweni (ngingakhuluma ngenkathi yezimvula, akunjalo?), okufanele ngempela kube enye yazo. okuhlangenwe nakho okucace kakhulu kwe-straggler engenalutho ehlathini lapho, akushiwo (futhi uma kukhulunywa nje kuphela). I-Hip Hop ivuswa yonke indawo - futhi kungani kungenjalo? Kungahlotshaniswa kalula nodlame lwezibhamu nezidakamizwa eMelika, izici eziyinhloko zokuhlangenwe nakho kuka-Beah eseyisosha lomfana. Akufanele umuntu aphikise kakhulu lapha, ngisho noma uBeah ebiza iYele ngokuthi โisigodi esikhulu esinezindlu ezingaphezu kweshumiโ (ikhasi 101) - empeleni idolobhana elincane elinezindlu ezingaphezu kwekhulu.
Indawo uBeah ahlala kuyo, endaweni ethile eSifundeni saseMoyamba eSouthern Sierra Leone, ayizange ithintwe yimpi ekuqaleni kwayo, kodwa amavukela-mbuso - esizwa amasosha kahulumeni anonya - ahlasela iSierra Leone Rutile Mines, lapho kwakusebenza khona ubaba kaBeah, ngo-1994. .Babulala abanye abantu (okusobala ukuthi bahlanganisa nabazali bakaBeah) futhi bathumba izisebenzi zase-Europe eziphuma kwamanye amazwe kanye nezisebenzi eziphezulu zaseSierra Leone. UBeah wabe esehlala esigodini esingekude, futhi ngokushesha nomuzi wakubo wahlaselwa. Wabaleka nabangane abambalwa, wabe eseqala uhambo olubuhlungu enqamula ehlathini eliya ndawo. U-Beah uchitha isikhathi esiningi kulolu hambo lwasehlathini oludabukisayo - ubusuku abuchitha ehlathini ehlala engenalutho, ukuhlangana okubuhlungu namavukela-mbuso kwezinye izindawo, ukufa nokubhujiswa abahlangabezana nakho endleleni, umusa wakhe nabangane bakhe ngezikhathi ezithile. Indlela, ukwesaba okuvamile abantu ababehlangana nabo ababenakho ngenxa yezingane ezihlalele phansi okungenzeka ukuthi zazingamavukela-mbuso, indlala eqeda amandla kanye nokucishe kufe ukusangana - cishe indawo ephindwe kathathu, eqinisweni, kunokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwangempela njengempi yezingane. Inhloso isobala. Ngaphandle kwalesi sizinda, ngaphandle kolwazi lokungabi nathemba kwesimo sikaBeah, umuntu ubengeke akulungele kakhulu lokhu:
Ubuso, izandla, ihembe lami kanye nesibhamu kwakugcwele igazi. Ngaphakamisa isibhamu sami ngadonsa isibhamu, ngabulala indoda. Kungazelelwe, kwangathi kukhona obadubula ngaphakathi ebuchosheni bami, zonke izibhicongo engangizibone kusukela ngosuku engathintwa ngalo impi zaqala ukubaneka ekhanda lami. Njalo lapho ngiyeka ukudubula ukuze ngishintshe omagazini futhi ngibona abangane bami ababili abasebasha abangaphili, ngokuthukuthela ngangikhomba isibhamu sami exhaphozini futhi ngibulale abantu abengeziwe. Ngadubula yonke into enyakazayo, saze siyalelwa ukuthi sihlehle ngoba sasidinga elinye iqhinga.
U-Beah uchaza impi yakhe yokuqala yangempela namavukela-mbuso ngemuva kokuqashwa kwakhe eqenjini lezempi laseSierra Leone yisikhulu, esinjengoBeah, esizocaphuna uShakespeare ukuze kube mnandi. Ukubuthwa kwabantu, ngokungafani nalabo beqembu lamavukelambuso iRevolutionary United Front (RUF), akuzange kuphoqwe, kodwa kwakungekona ngokuzithandela. Kubuye kwaba yi-ad hoc: abasha ababuthiwe babengabhalisiwe njengamasosha kahulumeni, futhi babengakhokhelwa; babala kuphela enduneni, yenze ngokuthanda kwayo, eyayibabuthile. Ngemva kwezinyanga behamba ehlathini, abafana abancane ababulawa indlala sebegijimele ukuyofuna imbewu, uBeah nabangane bakhe babengenakwenza lutho lapho, ngemva kokuchitha izinsuku ezithile edolobhaneni lapho amasosha ayehlezi ngokunethezeka, bona (kanye nawo wonke umuntu. abanye endaweni) bacelwa ukuba basize ukuvikela idolobhana kubavukeli ababeqale ukuhlasela ngokumelene nalo. Abangane ababili bakaBeah abasebancane kakhulu babulawa ekuhlanganeni kokuqala nabavukeli. Ulayini weqiwe: U-Beah uba umshini wokubulala. Uyasitshela: โNgabamba ikhanda [lendoda] futhi ngamnquma umphimbo ngokunyakazisa uketshezi olulodwa. Ihhabhula lika-Adamu lakhe lavula ummese obukhali, ngase ngijikisa insabula emazombezombe njengoba ngiyikhipha.โ
Konke lokhu kungase kube yiqiniso, kodwa lokho umuntu akukhumbulayo ngesikhathi esidlule kuhlale kuwukukhetha - ukukhetha okuhambisana nalokho umuntu anomuzwa wokuthi izilaleli zakhe zikulindele. Kunzima ukungezwa, lapho ufunda into efana nalokhu ngenhla, ukuthi u-Beah uzimisele ngokudlala ukuthayipha: kukhona bonke labo bantu abalandela ukwesaba kwentsha kanye nobudlova obungenangqondo base-Afrika. Lokhu kungase kube isahlulelo esivusa ilukuluku, kodwa umuntu ucabanga ukuthi u-Beah mhlawumbe unecala lokukhuluma kabi ngokweqile. Ukubulala abantu kuba yindlela yokuphila, isibopho: empini kufanele ubulale ukuze uhlale uphila. Umkhuzi wamasosha owabuthela uBeah uyamtshela: โSibone ngeso lengqondo isitha, amavukela-mbuso abulala abazali bakho, umkhaya wakho, nalabo abanecala lakho konke okwenzeke kuwe.โ Wayeyonezela: โ[Izihlubuki] zilahlekelwe yikho konke okuzenza abantu. Abakufanele ukuphila. Yingakho kufanele sibulale ngamunye waboโฆInkonzo ephakeme kakhulu ongayenzela izwe lakini.โ U-Beah uwufaka enhliziyweni lo mlayezo - kangangokuthi wenziwa isikhulu, esiphethe ibutho lakhe lezingane ezilwa. Inkondlo edumile kaW.H. Auden, โSeptember 1, 1939,โ mayelana nalelo โshumi leminyaka eliphansi lokungathembekiโ โlamazwe amnyama omhlabaโ ifika engqondweni:
Mina nomphakathi siyazi
Okufundwa yizo zonke izingane zesikole
Labo okwenziwa okubi kubo
Yenza okubi ngokubuyisela
Kwamhlukumeza kakhulu uBeah, kunjalo, futhi izinyanga eziningi ngemva kokukhululwa kwakhe kule mpilo yokubulala yi-UN kanye ne-NGO ezinikele ekuvuseleleni amasosha ayeyizingane, wahlushwa amaphupho amabi kanye nokushaywa njalo kwemigraine (imiphumela emibi ye- izidakamizwa ezinzima ababezondla ngazo nsuku zonke). Ukuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo kuvele kwaba nzima kakhulu kunokufakwa kwakhe ebuthweni, futhi kwaba nezikhathi zodlame oludlulele - kwaqubuka ukulwa phakathi kwamasosha ayizingane ayesebenze neSierra Leone nalabo ababelwa ne-RUF (i-Rehabilitation Camp ilethwe. amabutho amaqembu ahlukahlukene ndawonye.), okushiya ekufeni kwabantu. Lapho efika ekamu, u-Beah uhlangana nelinye isosha elaliyingane elalibukeka njengehlongandlebe le-RUF. UBeah, owayefihle ibhomu ephaketheni lakhe, wayithatha, futhi umfana wakhipha inyoni. UBeah wabuza ukuthi ubani lo mfana. โSivela esifundeni saseKono,โ kuphendula umfana. โAwu, isifunda sedayimane!โ, kuphendula u-Alhaji, umngane kaBeah. Ekugcineni umfana uthi: โNgalwela ibutho. Amavukela-mbuso ashisa umuzi wakithi futhi abulala abazali bami, nawe ufana nomunye wabo.โ Impi ebulalayo yagwenywa. Umzuzu obalulekile, kodwa ngokushesha u-Beah ulandisa okunye ukuhlangana okubonakala kwenza elinye, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Yena nomunye umngane wakhe, uMambu, baxabana nelinye isosha elaliyingane elibukeka lihlukile. "Umuntu onjani webutho ogqoka izingubo ezingavamile?" Kubuza uMambu kulomfana. Umfana uyaphendula: โSayilwela iRUF; ibutho liyisitha. Salwela inkululeko, amasosha abulala umndeni wami futhi acekela phansi isigodi sakithi.โ Ngokushesha kuqubuka impi embi, futhi kubulawa abantu abambalwa.
Akusho lutho ngempela, ngamanye amazwi, ukuthi umuntu wayelwa kuluphi uhlangothi phakathi nempi: zonke izinhlangothi zazinezimangalo ezinengqondo zokuthi zoniwe: wonke amaqembu ahlomile ezweni enze izenzo zonya, futhi wonke kufanele aphendule ngezinga elifanayo. . Akukho mehluko, lesi sigameko sibonakala siphakamisa, endleleni yokuqasha kanye nokungeniswa embuthweni wempi ehlukene. Inkinga ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso, futhi kusobala ku-akhawunti ka-Beah jikelele ukuthi leli phuzu alinangqondo: libukeka njenge-sop kubakhankasi ngokumelene nebutho lezingane. Kuwumkhankaso oncomekayo, kodwa njengoba ngishilo engqungqutheleni yaseWinnipeg, kwaba nomehluko ophawulekayo endleleni i-RUF eqoqa ngayo izingane zayo ezilwa kanye nendlela amasosha kanye ne-Civil Defence Force (CDF) enza ngayo. Umphumela kungenzeka ukuthi ubufana kakhulu, kodwa ngiyangabaza ukuthi ngabe yisiphi isikhulu - i-UN noma i-NGO - ebesingangena ekamu le-RUF (njengoba benza emakamu amaningi amasosha nama-CDF, okuhlanganisa ne-Beah) ukuthi sithathe amasosha ayizingane ukuze ahlunyeleliswe. amakamu. Amasosha e-RUF emakamu okuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo, ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi, ayembalwa kakhulu, futhi awazange anikelwe ngabakhuzi bawo...
Incwadi kaBeah ayinikezi umlando wempi noma isizinda sengxabano (akekho okufanele alindele ukuthi ingane yenze lokhu). Ivelu yayo ebunyeni ukuthi inikeza ukuqonda ekucabangeni kwezingane ezingamasosha, futhi ibonisa - emsebenzini olandelayo we-Beah - ukuthi ukubuyisela esimweni kungenzeka kakhulu. U-Beah washiya iSierra Leone ngemva kokuketula umbuso ngo-1997 (wayeke waba ngumkhulumeli engqungqutheleni ye-UN eNew York mayelana nebutho lezingane). Wabuyela eNew York futhi watholwa owesifazane waseMelika ayehlangane naye ngesikhathi evakasha okokuqala. Lapho ufunda ekolishi, uhola iziqu, futhi manje usesinikeze lesi sikhumbuzo esibalulekile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu kuphela, le ncwadi ifanelwe ukuqashelwa enikezwe yona.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela