Wisikhukhukazi ngaba nohlangothi olungatheni eminyakeni emibili edlule, kwakudingeka usizo oluthile ekhaya ukuze ngihlanze, ngilungise isidlo sakusihlwa, futhi ngisize ekuzilolongeni kwami. Ngashayela inhlangano ye-Bay Area, i-Mujeres Unidas y Activas (MUA, United and Active Women) futhi othile wohlelo lwabo i-Manos Cariรฑosos (Izandla Ezinakekelayo) wayelapho ngakusasa. Masimbize ngo-Lorelia.
U-Lorelia ungowaseMexico ngaphandle kwemibhalo. Unendodana eyodwa eyazalelwa e-US, nendodana endala eyazalelwa eMexico. Usebenzela amalungelo akhe ngokuzikhandla ngokukhokha intela yeholo lakhe ngokucophelela futhi enze eminye imisebenzi ngosizo lwezomthetho. Uyaphikelela, ungumpheki onekhono (ngisho ne-broccoli), futhi uyawahleka amahlaya ami. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukholelwa ku-MUA. Lapho i-MUA iya eNew York iyolwela amalungelo abasebenzi basezindlini, u-Lorelia wayelapho.
Njengoba beqashwe kakhulu ezindlini, abasebenzi basezindlini babhekana nezinga lokuxhashazwa kanye nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba okungavamile ukubonakala kwenye indawo. Ikakhulukazi abesifazane nabemibala, babhekana nalezo zimo ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kokuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela noma amanye amaqhinga ezinyunyana. Njengababelethi, abanakekeli basebekhulile, nabanakekeli bezindlu, baye bahlala cishe bengabonakali, ukuphila kwabo ngokuvamile kufana nobugqila banamuhla. Ilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-1.5 (i-US Census Bureau) ebhekene nalezi zimo.
Ephula Ukuthula Okude
Fizinsuku zethu ngo-June 2008 zaphawula inselele engasoze yalibaleka kulezo zimo: I-National Domestic Workers Congress yokuqala, eyabanjelwa eNew York City. Abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-100 abamele izinhlangano ezingu-17 ezivela emadolobheni angu-11 babelane ngezindaba zokuhlukunyezwa nokuzabalaza emihlanganweni eyahlukene nasezinkundleni zokucobelelana ngolwazi. Laba besifazane babekhuluma izilimi ezingu-6 ezihlukahlukene futhi babethuthele bevela emazweni angaphezu kuka-15โngokuyinhloko eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, eCaribbean, ePhilippines, naseNdiya.
Kunzima ngokumangalisayo ukuhlela? Kumelwe ukuba kwakubonakala kunjalo, ekuqaleni, ngenxa yabasebenzi abahlukene kangaka abangenalo ukuvikelwa okungokomthetho. Ukusebenza usuku lwamahora angu-14 ngemali engaphansi komholo futhi ushaywe ngempama noma aphonswe odongeni ngenxa yokungafuni ukusebenza amanye amahora angu-2โnjengoba kulandisa abesifazane abaningi. Azikho izinzuzo namaholo aphansi kakhulu. Abavunyelwe ukuphuma futhi uma bephuma, kukhona umuntu ohlale e "vigilando" (ebuka).
Abasebenzi basezindlini baqale bahlangana ngamanani kulo lonke elase-US ku-US Social Forum ka-2007 e-Atlanta, bakha i-National Domestic Workers Alliance. Yayihlanganisa iDomestic Workers United eNew York, Casa de Maryland, Damayan esifundazweni saseWashington, Filipino Workers Centre kanye ne-CHIRLA yase-Los Angeles, i-Mujeres Unidas y Activas (MUA), AMANDLA (Abantu Abahlela Ukunqoba Amalungelo Okuqashwa), Iqoqo Labesifazane Uhlelo Lwezabasebenzi Losuku eLa Raza Centro Legal, nakwezinye eziseBay Area. Umgomo wayo: ukwakha amandla njengabasebenzi kuzwelonke. Kwamukelwa uhlelo lokusebenza kwase kukhethwa ikomiti.
Iphaneli yenkomfa-Isithombe sihlonishwa nguJill Shenker
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I-June Congress ibonise amandla amasha. U-Ai-jen Poo wachaza lo mhlangano: โKube kuhle ukuba nezisebenzi ezivela ezindaweni ezintshaโeHouston, eMiami, eSan Antonio, eSeattle, eDenver. Amanye amaqembu ayesanda kuqala. amathrekhi emfundo yezombangazwe: owomlando, okuhlanganisa nobugqila, kanti owesibili omayelana nobulili nezocansi Ngakusasa esigcawini saxoxa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zabasebenzi basezindlini ababehlela e-US futhi sabe sesihlangana nabalingani abafuna ukuhlela mayelana nezindaba eziyisisekelo. impi, ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, ukhethoโkwakubalulekile ukuhlanganisa izindaba zethu nezindaba ezinkulu.
"Sibe nemashi enabantu abangu-500 ukuze sicindezele ukuthi kuphasiswe uMthethosivivinywa Wamalungelo Abasebenzi Basekhaya waseNew York. NgoNovemba 2008 iningi leDemocratic Alliance lakhethwa okokuqala kuCongress eNew York eminyakeni engu-40, okwashintsha isimo somkhankaso. , ababukeli basho, futhi ngethemba lokuthi bathembisa uguquko kuleso simo, abasebenzi baseCasa Maryland bathole ukunqoba okubalulekile eMontgomery County ngokuphasiswa koMthethosivivinywa Wamalungelo Abasebenzi Bezindlu Kudinga izinkontileka ezibhaliwe ezichaza amaholo kanye nezinzuzo zabazali. abagcini bezindlu, nabapheki abasebenza okungenani amahora angu-20 ngesonto, izindinganiso zezindawo zokuhlala zabasebenzi abahlala kuzo, kanye nezinhlawulo zabaqashi abaphula umthetho."
UMaria, owesifazane osekhulile waseMexico engaxoxa naye, wanezela ukuphawula ngokubaluleka kwalokho kunqoba. "Ngenxa yokuthi iCasa Maryland iseduze neWashington, DC, baye basebenzelana nabesifazane abaningi abasebenzela amanxusa emakhaya abo. Laba besifazane bangahlukunyezwa kakhulu, bavalelwe njengezigqila. Amanxusa anesimo esikhethekile somthetho, ngaphandle komthetho-akekho ozokwenza. phenya lawa macala."
Ezinye izinkinga zingase zivele emigomeni yezomthetho. UMaria uxoxe ngodaba lwesisebenzi esathola ummeli esikhungweni esisemthethweni se-Alliance "Centro," kodwa inkantolo yendawo yenqaba ukulalela icala. โLo wesifazane ubesebenza esithabathaba esinezitezi ezimbili enomsebenzi omkhulu wokuhlanza ukuze enze imali encane futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kangaka. Abameli bomqashi wakhe bathi โunehaba,โ umsebenzi wakhe wawungenzima kangako, wawungekho kangako ." Ummeli wakhe wayefuna ukuqopha i-video ingaphakathi lendlu ukuze abonise ngokucacile ukuthi kungakanani okwakufanele akwenze nokuthi kwakunzima kangakanani. Abameli bomqashi balwela ukuvimba lokhu, kodwa ekugcineni ijaji lanquma ukuthi yenziwe i-video. Lokhu kube ukunqoba okubalulekile ngoba "ukuvela enkantolo kuwuhlelo olude kakhulu," kuphetha uMaria.
Wkubaphathi baka-Obama, kuzoba noNobhala omusha Wezabasebenzi futhi i-National Alliance inethemba lokuthi ingathola izinguquko ezinhle ezenziwe. U-Ai-jen Poo wachaza, โSihlela ukusebenzisana nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe ukuze sisize ekulolongeni umhlangano wokuqala we-International Labour Organization ophathelene nabasebenzi basezindlini ngo-2010. Lokho kusadingeka kuxoxwe namalungu.
"Sithemba ukuthi sizoqinisa ukuhlukahluka kwezilimi namasiko. Kuseyinselele lapho abantu behamba endaweni futhi kufanele bafake amahedisethi okuhumusha ukuze babambe iqhaza. Kodwa bekunenhlonipho enkulu ngezilimi zabantu ..... E-Congreso, kwakukhulunywa okungenani izilimi ezinhlanuโmhlawumbe ezingaphezu kwalokho.โ
โKwakunokuhumusha okuningi,โ kwenezela u-Emma, โโintokazi yase-El Salvador. "Yebo, lapho sonke singakhuluma ndawonye ngolimi olufanayo, kuba nomuzwa okhethekile wokufudumala futhi kulula ukuhlangana ndawonye. Ngesikhathi sekhefu lapho sidla ukudla okulula noma ikhofi ndawonye, โโkwakufudumala kakhulu. Sasingaba ndawonye njengodade, sasikwazi ukuhleka futhi sigone ndawonye."
"Kodwa sonke silwela into eyodwa, akukho importa la idioma/ulimi alunandaba. Sinezinkinga ezifanayo," kusho uMaria. Inhloso kaKhongolose kwakuwukuxhumana, ukuthola ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani nokwakha ubumbano olubanzi kakhulu futhi yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo.
"Enye yezingcezu ezijabulisa kakhulu kukho konke lokhu," kuqhubeka u-Ai-jen, "umbono wokuthi singakha ungqimba lwabesifazane abasebenzayo abanebala elibuyela emuva ebugqilini kanye nokushiywa ngaphandle kwabasebenzi basemapulazini. Siyingxenye yabasebenzi ukunyakaza, kwenhlangano yabesifazane, yenhlangano yamalungelo abokufika.
U-Filipina u-Georgia Danani, onabazukulu abangu-17, ukweleta u-$22,000 weholo lakhe futhi usalwela amalungelo akhe. Uthe, "Sihlukile kwabaningi beqoqo, abangabahlanzi. Singabanakekeli futhi sigxile kakhulu ohlotsheni lomsebenzi wethu. Kodwa sonke sikhishwe inyumbazane futhi kubalulekile ukwakha izwi elihlangene ukuze silwele izinguqukoโฆ. Sihlela imihlangano eminingi futhi sizoba noKhongolose njalo ngemva konyaka Kuwumuzwa omuhle ukuba bonke abantu besifazane, bonke omama, bonke abantu bebala, bonke abacindezelwe, abahluphekayo ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesizungu Sisebenzela inhlonipho, siyazi ukuthi sinjalo hhayi yedwa."
Emuva e-San Francisco, engitshela ngeCongress, u-Lorelia wazwakala eziqhenya ngaphansi kwesizotha sakhe sezinga labasebenzi sase-Mexico. Wakufingqa konke ngamagama amabili: "buen trabajo" ("umsebenzi omuhle"). Yilokho kuphela. Nokumamatheka kancane.