Okunye okukulesi sihloko kucashuniwe Iphupho Lidaluliwe: I-Black America kanye Nokulwela Indawo Ongabiza Ngayo Ikhaya, okuphuma I-Zuccotti Park Cindezela.
Ubuphekula yisenzo esikhohlisayo esingasichaza, ikakhulukazi lapho izinto zasendlini seziphenduke izikhali zembubhiso. Phambilini ngo-Ephreli, ngesikhathi unogada Kazwelonke kanye namaphoyisa aseBoston ezulazula ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha efuna amadoda amabili okukholakala ukuthi atshale amabhomu emarathon abulalayo, kwavela enye indaba yodlame nokungavikeleki okukhulu.
Njengoba i New York Times kubika, "Amabhange adale ama-algams ayingozi emali mboleko kanye nemali mboleko ngesikhathi se-boom - uhlobo olungahambanga kahle ngesikhathi sokuqhuma - amatasatasa avuselela izinhlobo ezifanayo zokutshalwa kwezimali abaningi ababecabanga ukuthi ziphelile."
Ngamanye amazwi, abafana abanezithende ezinhle babuyele edolobheni, bedayisa imali ebolekiwe ukuze ihlanganiswe futhi ithengiswe ku-Wall Street. Ngisho ne Times, ngokujwayelekile ebhizinisini, kwaba nezwi lokuxwayisa. "Imvuselelo iphinde igcizelele ukuthi lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali, okwaziwa ngemikhiqizo yezezimali ehlelekile, kuphunyule kanjani emithethweni emisha obekufanele ivimbele ukuphinda kwenkinga yezimali yokugcina."
Izixwayiso of impinda yenkinga yokugcina yezimali - ephrintiwe ekhasini lokuqala le New York Times?
Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nokusakazwa kweBoston ngo-24-7, ukusabela kuzwelonke ekusongelweni kokucekelwa phansi komnotho kuthulisiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi cishe akekho oxoxa ngokukhululekile ngenkinga yokudliwa kwempahla eqhubekayo mayelana nobushokobezi basekhaya. Kodwa yilokho kanye okuyikho, futhi kufanele sikuqaphele lokhu uma sifuna ukuvimbela amabhange ukuthi abangele umonakalo omkhulu.
UMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwezwe yiwona ophelele incazelo yobuphekula, echaza ukuthi lezi zenzo kufanele zigcwalise le mibandela elandelayo.
Igama elithi “terrorism” lisho noma yimuphi umsebenzi—
(A) ibandakanya isenzo—
(i) kuyingozi empilweni yomuntu noma okungase kucekele phansi ingqalasizinda ebalulekile noma izinsiza ezibalulekile; futhi
(ii) kuwukwephula imithetho yobugebengu yase-United States noma yanoma isiphi iSifunda noma esinye isigatshana sase-United States; futhi
(B) kubonakala kuhloswe—
(i) ukusabisa noma ukuphoqa umphakathi;
(ii) ukuba nomthelela kunqubomgomo kahulumeni ngokwesabisa noma ngenkani; noma
(iii) ukuthikameza ukuziphatha kukahulumeni ngokucekela phansi abantu abaningi, ukubulala, noma ukuthumba.
Uma ubuza uHelen James, owesifazane waseChicago oye wahlala kokubili emigwaqweni nasezindlini zokukhosela, ukungabi nandlu e-U.S. ngokusobala kuyingozi empilweni yomuntu. Ngesikhathi sikhuluma ehlobo eledlule wakhuluma ngama-hemorrhoids angelashiwe nokulala emabhentshini ebusika baseChicago obushubisa umnkantsha. “Angifuni nje ukufa,” kusho yena.
Ngokusho kweNational Coalition for the Homeless, bangu-700 abantu abangenawo amakheli bafa unyaka ngamunye ngenxa ye-hypothermia kuphela. Abantu baseMelika abaningi bafa yiqhwa selokhu kwaqala inkinga yezomnotho kunokuba bafe kukho konke ukuhlasela kobuphekula enhlabathini yase-US emashumini amabili eminyaka adlule—kuhlanganise noSepthemba 11.
Mayelana nombuzo wezomthetho, uGriggs Wimbley, isakhamuzi sasedolobheni elincane eliseNyakatho neCarolina, uchwepheshe wokuthi igagasi lokudalulwa kwezindlu kwakamuva laliphula kanjani imithetho yobugebengu yase-U.S. Uchithe ingxenye engcono yeshumi leminyaka ephenya futhi elwa nokudliwa kwempahla yakhe ngomgunyathi. “Angizange ngibone lutho ngaphandle kokukopela,” esho. Ubize ukubusa kukaWall Street phakathi nawo wonke ama-2000 ngokuthi “umshoshaphansi wobugebengu weminyaka eyishumi.”
Amakhulu ophenyo namacala okukhwabanisa okubolekisa ngemali, umgunyathi (uyakhumbula lowo hlazo lokusayinwa kwe-robo?) kanye nemithethonqubo yokusebenzela isekela okuhlangenwe nakho kuka-Wimbley. Futhi lokho akusaphathwa ngisho nokwephulwa kwemboni okusabalele kwe-Fair Housing Act neminye imithetho okuhloswe ngayo ukuvimbela ukucwaswa kwezindlu okusekelwe ngokohlanga, okwakudlangile kuholela enkingeni yezimali.
Okokugcina, uMarcella Robinson noNicole Shelton, abasunguli beqembu labanikazi bezindlu emazingeni aphansi, i-Mortgage Fraud NC, bangafakaza ukuthi yonke inhloso yokuxoshwa iwukukhiqiza ukwesaba okusabalele phakathi kwezakhamuzi. URobinson, umuzi wakhe owawudliwe ngesikhathi sikhuluma, wangitshela ukuthi wayelala nenduku ye-baseball eduze kombhede wakhe ukuze azizwe elondekile. UShelton, owayesevele exoshiwe emzini wakhe, uthe “uhlala esesimweni sokwesaba.”
Kungani iWall Street ihlose ukwesabisa izigidi zabantu? Isizathu siwukuthi uma abantu bengenalo uvalo lokuxoshwa ezindlini zabo, ngeke baqhubeke nokukhokha izikweletu zezinkanyezi okusobala ukuthi ukuphela kwento egcina umnotho wethu uqinile.
Le mpikiswano ibe nomthelela ngempela kunqubomgomo kahulumeni wase-U.S. U-Ed DeMarco, inhloko ye-Federal Housing Finance Agency ube ngomunye wabamelene kakhulu nokukhululwa kwabanikazi bezindlu, exwayisa ngokuthi uhulumeni kumele asebenzise umbono wokuxoshwa noma wonke umuntu uzothatha isinqumo sokungakhokhi izikweletu zabo. Ngokuqondene nendaba “yokuthinta ukuziphatha kukahulumeni ngokucekela phansi abantu abaningi, ukubulawa, noma ukuthumba,” abagcini bamabhange akudingeki baphendukele ekuthumbeni; sebevele bathumbile umnotho womhlaba.
***
Kusukela ngo-2007, i-Wall Street ikhiphe imindeni eyizigidi ezine - cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyishumi - emakhaya abo. Izigidi ezengeziwe zibanjwe ogibeni lokudliwa kwempahla okuqhubekayo. Onyakeni odlule, ngilalele izindaba zamakhulu ale mindeni, futhi okuhlangenwe nakho okuvame kakhulu engikuzwile umuzwa wokungalondeki kanye nokwesaba okungokwengqondo.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuvikeleka. Isimo sokwesaba. Lawa ngamagama afanayo, imishwana efanayo esizwa ngayo abantu baseBoston bekhuluma. Uma ukungavikeleki okukhulu kanye nokwesaba okuzenzakalelayo kwakuyilokho amabhange ayekufuna: umgomo ufeziwe. Nokho, amabhange awasolwa ngobuphekula. Futhi imikhiqizo yabo yezezimali ayihlukaniswa njenge-W.M.D.s.
Mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi iWall Street ayisolwa ngoba amaphekula kumele asebenzise amabhomu esikhundleni samabhondi, ngoba ayikho into enjalo. njengobuphekula bezomnotho, ingabe bukhona? I-Pentagon ngokuqinisekile yayikholelwa kanjalo, lapho ingena 2011 yakhipha umbiko ebeka ukuthi amanye amaqembu angaziwa kungenzeka asize ukuphusha i-United States enkingeni yezomnotho ka-2008 “ngobuphekula bezezimali.” Akumangazi ukuthi abasolwa balo mbiko bahlanganisa ama-jihadist amaSulumane, amaShayina kanye neVenezuela esikhundleni se-AIG noma uGoldman Sachs.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, umhleli wezinyunyana zaseMelika uSteven Lerner ngokwakhe wabizwa ngokuthi ungumphekula wezomnotho lapho ephakamisa ukuthi abanikazi bezindlu bahlangane ndawonye ukuze bathole isiteleka sezindlu. Imithombo yezindaba ye-Conservative iyibize ngokuthi I-ECONOMIC TERRORISM PLAYBOOK (yebo, kuwo wonke ama-caps), ngenkathi i-congressman yase-Utah inxusa i-Attorney General u-Eric Holder ukuthi aphenye lezi zinsongo ngoba "ngokusobala kuhlanganisa ubuphekula basekhaya."
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuvikela ukuphepha kwabanikazi bezindlu kufana nezenzo zobushokobezi, kuyilapho kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-Wall Street - ngisho noma lokho kusho ukuxosha abantu ezindlini zabo nokusola iVenezuela ngokuwohloka kwezindlu ezibolekwayo - kumane kuyinqubomgomo yase-U.S.
Indawo ekhombisa ngokusobala le ndlela ephindwe kabili yiDetroit, lapho umbusi waseMichigan esanda kubeka khona isimo sezomnotho wezempi - ukumiswa kwentando yeningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezezimali. Njengoba umphathi wezezimali ezimo eziphuthumayo ephethe idolobha elinabantu abangaphezu kuka-700,000, iMichigan ikhombisa ukuthi umbuzo wanamuhla wokuphepha awuwona owomzimba. Kungokwezimali.
Njengoba umfundisi wendawo uReverend David Bullock echaza, “Akusewona u-’68 no-’69—ihlobo elishisayo. [Abacebile] abasakhathazekile ngokulondeka ngokomzimba. Bakhathazekile ngemali yabo.”
Ukuthi izwe libhekene nobushokobezi bezezimali obudlangile alenzi nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuhlasela kwaseBoston kube kubi kangako. Kodwa kufanele kusithukuthelise nakakhulu ukuthi osobhanga baseWall Street bamatasa bavuselela izikhali ezifanayo abazidedele esizweni eminyakeni embalwa edlule - nokuthi uhulumeni wethu akenzi lutho ukubavimba.
Laura Gottesdiener uyintatheli ezimele eNew York City. Ubhalele uNksz. The Huffington Post, the Arizona Republic, the New Haven Advocate, AlterNet, kanye Ne-Waging Nonviolence (wagingnonviolence.org), lapho engumhleli osebenzisana naye. Uwine uMklomelo kaJohn Hersey eNyuvesi yaseYale ngomsebenzi wobuntatheli futhi waba owamanqamu kuzwelonke weNorman Mailer Nonfiction Award ngophenyo lwakhe lwango-2009 lwe-wrestling yamantombazane. Ubezibandakanya nenhlangano ye-Occupy futhi ehlala e-Zuccotti Park kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba 2011 kwaze kwaba yilapho amaphoyisa egasela maphakathi no-November 2011. Incwadi ethi A Dream Foreclosed iyincwadi yakhe yokuqala.
