Ehlobo lika-1960 uDkt. Ernesto oneminyaka engu-32 ubudala “Che†Guevara wavuma ukuhlangana nabafundi base-US ehhovisi likamongameli wakhe e-Cuba's National Bank. UFidel ubesanda kumqoka kuleso sikhundla ebesilindelekile. Njengemicimbi eminingi e-Cuba, ukuba u-Che's uMongameli Webhange kwavusa ihlaya.
U-Fidel ubuza iKhabhinethi: “Noma ubani kinina uchwepheshe wezomnotho?â€
UChe ephakamisa isandla. U-Fidel, emangele, uthi “Kulungile, Che, ungumphathi webhange omusha.â€
Ngemva kwalokho, u-Fidel uya ku-Che: “Uyisazi sezomnotho?â€
“Isazi sezomnotho?†kusho u-Che. “Bengicabanga ukuthi uthe ikhomanisi.â€
Ngo-2:30 A.M. emhlanganweni, ngoJulayi 1960, u-prez omusha wasebhange wasusa izinyawo zakhe etafuleni lasehhovisi futhi wavuma ukuthi wayazi okuncane ngezomnotho. Uguquko lwamkhuthaza, etshela abafundi. “Ipolitiki,†wagcizelela, “hhayi ezomnotho, kufanele ziqhube inqubomgomo yoguquko.â€
Udokotela obukeka eyingozi, onentshebe wakhuluma ngokuhamba kwakhe enqamula eLatin America – manje osekuboniswe esikrinini ku-Motorcycle Diaries (eqondiswa u-Walter Salles). “Ama-imperialists amunce igazi kubantu bomdabu base-Andes. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamakhulu eminyaka sekukhandle umhlaba kanye nabantu,†efundisa. “Futhi i-US imperialism iyaqhubeka nokuxhaphaza.â€
Wachaza ubumpofu nokungathuthuki kahle e-Argentina, lapho le ndodana yomdwebi wezakhiwo yakhulela khona. Izimo ezimayini zethusi zaseChile eChuqicamata "azikholeki," esho, esola izithakazelo zomndeni wakwaGuggenheim-Rockefeller ngokuxhaphaza umsebenzi wezingane, kanye nokushushisa labo abazama ukwenza inyunyana, ikakhulukazi amakhomanisi. “I-Imperialism,†washo ngesankahlu “iye yadala umonakalo endaweni yase-Amazon ehlanganyelwa amazwe amaningana.
Wakhafula amaqiniso. Ngaphansi kwama-2% abantu abanama-65% omhlaba; U-72% wabantu basemakhaya uphethe ngaphansi kuka-4%. Ubalule imininingwane emangazayo ngokungondleki kahle, izikhala zemali engenayo kanye nobunikazi bangaphandle, kwangathi uDokotela Guevara wethula udaba lwakhe eBhodini Lodokotela Abahlinzayo esibhedlela. Imininingwane ye-UN, uthe, iqinisekisa ukukubona kwakhe ayekuqophe ezincwadini zokubhalela ohambweni lwakhe lokuqala lwesithuthuthu ngawo-1950. Uguquko lwezwekazi kuphela olungaletha ubulungiswa kwabaningi abampofu futhi imodeli yabashokobezi bakaFidel yayivule indlela yomnyakazo onjalo.
“Yini ongathanda ukuthi i-United States yenze phakathi nalokhu kuvukela umbuso?†kubuza umfundi.
“Nyameka,†ehlwitha u-Che, ngaphandle kokuhlephula ukumamatheka.
UChe egqolozele lo mfundi, ebonakala ukuthi uyaququda. Igumbi lalithule. “Ngikhipha iketango lakho.†kusho u-Che, manje emamatheka.
U-Che wagcizelela kubafundi ukuthi uguquko lunikeza okungcono kakhulu, uma kungeyona indlela kuphela yokwenza uphawu lomuntu olungokomlando ngasohlangothini lobulungisa nenkululeko, Wasakaza lo mbono othathelwanayo ngozibuthe oyingozi. Ngo-3:30 ekuseni, wavuka, waxhawula futhi wachaza ukuthi usenomsebenzi okufanele awuqedele ngaphambi kokulala amahora amane.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-44, ngagqolozela ubuso bukaGael Garcia Bernal, edlala umfundi osemusha owenza unyaka wesine wezokwelapha egibela isithuthuthu, nomlingani wakhe ofana noJack Kerouac, (Rodrigo de la Serna) emgodini wasePatagonia, e-Andes ekhithikayo yase-Andes. eChile nase-Amazon. Ku-Motorcycle Diaries, iqhawe le-asthmatic, lidonsa kanzima, libhukuda umfula ongabhukudi liye ngaphesheya kwe-Amazon ukuze lichithe usuku lwalo lokuzalwa nabanochoko: ukuzimisela, isibindi, ubudedengu.
Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, manje ongudokotela webutho labashokobezi laseSierra Maestre empumalanga yeCuba, u-Che wangempela wagijima waze wayongena ezweni elingenamuntu phakathi kwezicishamlilo ukuze ahlenge umlingani owayelimele.
U-Che wayengu-“temerario,†(Ngokugabadela noma ngokudelela) U-Fidel wangitshela ngoJulayi 1974, okunye kokugxeka okumbalwa ayenakho ngo-lieutenant wakhe ohlakaniphe kakhulu. “Ngake ngalwa naye [ngesikhathi sempi yabashokobezi ngo-1956-8 ngokumelene noFulgencio Batista] lapho esukuma phakathi nempi. `Ubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungalahlekelwa,’ ngimtshele.â€
Kule filimu, ubudedengu buka-Che abuzivezi nje kuphela ngemisebenzi yakhe yenyama, kodwa nasesigcawini lapho ehalela unkosikazi kamakhenika emdansweni wedolobha ngesikhathi umyeni wakhe ephuza. Khona-ke kumelwe abalekele ulaka lwabantu basedolobheni abathukuthele. U-Che osemusha naye ugxumela echibini elibandayo ukuze alande idada ukuze adle. “Angesabi,†uFidel wavuma.
“Kodwa bekungafanele avumele amakholomu akhe ukuthi alahlekelwe ukuxhumana,†uFidel washo kabuhlungu, ekhuluma ngokuhlukana kweqembu labashokobezi uChe eBolivia. “Futhi isimo sakhe sengqondo sokuyekelela ngezokuphepha samlahlekisela,†waphawula. U-Che wayevumele u-Regis Debray, inhlakanipho yesiFulentshi (umbhali wombhalo wesu labashokobezi, Revolution in the Revolution?), ukuthi afunde ukuthi ukuphi abashokobezi. U-Debray wabe esebanjwa. Manje sesiyazi ukuthi ama-ejenti e-CIA ayelandelele abashokobezi.
Kodwa ekuqaleni kukaJulayi 1968, esanda kubhala isingeniso se-Che’s Bolivia Diary, uFidel wayesakhathazekile ngokufa kozakwabo kanye nokunqotshwa kohambo lwabashokobezi lwaseBolivia. Wayesabambelele embonweni we-foco guerrillero okuthi uma isetshenziswa kahle isebenze njengesibonelo senguquko yomhlaba wesithathu. Iqembu labashokobezi elingumahamba nendlwana lisekelwa amavukela-mbuso ahleliwe asendaweni yasedolobheni lidale inkinga ephambili kohulumeni bezwe lesithathu abangathandwa kanye namandla abo engcindezelo angafaneleki.
Yake yasebenza eCuba. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1964, ngokwesekwa nguFidel ngokugcwele, u-Che wahlela icebo lempi elifanayo eCongo. Encwadini yakhe yedayari yaseCongo (Che in Africa: Che Guevara's Congo Diary, kaWilliam Galvez), i-science minded-Che ubhala lokho akuqaphela mayelana namaqiniso e-Congo, njengoba enza eLatin America.
Ukuhlola kwakhe: Imishini yaseCongo yehlulekile. Esinye isici esibangele ukunqotshwa komzamo, waphawula, ukuntula ulwazi. Amasosha okuthiwa amavukela-mbuso aseCongo “ayegcwele umqondo wemimoya mayelana nokufa nesitha futhi awanayo imfundo yezombangazwe ehlelekile.†Kodwa u-Che imbongi naye wakuthatha lokhu.
Njengomlingisi wenoveli ye-Conrad, uphetha ngokuthi “Kulawo mahora okugcina e-Congo, ngangizizwa ngingedwa kunangaphambili…â€
Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa ebhale la mazwi, uChe wakhuluma namaqabane akhe ayesezohamba. Cabanga nge-adrenalin engaphakathi eyayiyidinga ukuze iphoqelele la mazwi abonisa ithemba emlonyeni wakhe! “Lo mshikashika esiwubhekile ube yimpumelelo enkulu. Naphezu kwabo bonke ubunzima esibe nabo, ngethemba ukuthi uma ngolunye usuku uFidel ehlongoza omunye umsebenzi walolu hlobo, abanye benu bazovolontiya.â€
U-Che wabuyela eCuba ezifihlile; wabe esehola iqembu elikhethekile lamaqhawe angomakadebona ukuthi ajoyine iqembu laseBolivia ukuze likhulule izwe elivalekile. Indlela ethi “foco” ithole ukwesekwa yiqembu laseBolivia okwathi, ngaphandle kwemibhikisho yaseMoscow, uFidel “waqinisekisa†ukuthi uzowusekela lo msebenzi. Kodwa amaKhomanisi aseBolivia, elandela imiyalo yeSoviet “akhaphela uChe,†wabeka icala uFidel.
Ngaphandle kokubalulekile okungaphansi komhlaba, i-guerrilla foco yazulazula. Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba 1967, ngemva kwezinyanga zomzabalazo ongakhiqizi, isosha laseBolivia, namanxusa e-CIA ayehlezi eduze, labulala uChe Guevara owayethunjiwe. Le drama yenzeka e-La Higuera, eduze nendawo lapho u-Jose Antonio de Sucre, u-lieutenant wase-Bolivar, alwe khona namaSpanishi eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu ngaphambili.
Ukufa kuka-Che kwaba futhi kusalokhu kuwumcimbi wamazwe ngamazwe. Manje, imuvi inikeza imininingwane ngomlingiswa ka-Che. UGael Garcia udlulisa umfundi osemusha wezokwelapha okulutheka kwakhe ezimisweni kwamqhubezela esenzweni, wamjova ngohlobo lwesibindi esivela cishe ngaphambi kwemvelo kusukela emthonjeni womzwelo nomcabango ngaphakathi kuye; izimfanelo ezamenza wathakasela. Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa ngemuva kokubulawa kwakhe, isithonjana sakhe sisaheha imiphefumulo ehlonipheke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ukuthi izame “ukufana noChe.â€
Isithombe sakhe nesiqubulo esithi “Viva Che†sivela ezindongeni zamafulethi eDamaseku naseBaghdad; ubuso bakhe obudonswe ngobuqhawe ezigidini zezikibha emhlabeni jikelele. Yebo, kanye nokungcweliswa kwenguquko, isithombe sika-Che senziwe ukuhweba. Kodwa labo abakuqondayo lokho ayekusho bayoqopha umlando ngendlela yakhe emhlabeni wonke.
“I-Seremos como el Che,†ivela emabhodini namaphosta. Abanye abafundi baphendula ngokubhuqa, “Impela, sizophinde sibe ngabaphethwe yisifuba somoya.†Omunye umfundi, nokho, ugcizelela ukuthi u-Che uveza inguquko. Uhlela ukuchitha impilo yakhe esebenzela abampofu:
Ucaphuna imisho evela kudayari yase-Che’s Congo. “Ungumguquki kuphela lapho uzimisele ukushiya konke ukunethezeka kwakho ukuya kwelinye izwe ukuyolwa.†U-Che wafaka ngaphakathi umgomo “ukuqashelwa kwesidingo njengomhlahlandlela wenkululeko.†Imbongi, udokotela, iqhawe, umshisekeli uyaqhubeka nokugqugquzela ethuneni lakhe. “Nakulokhu futhi,†wabhalela abazali bakhe ngesikhathi elungiselela ukungenela e-Afrika ngo-1964, “Ngizwa ngaphansi kwezithende zami izimbambo zikaRocinante [`ihhashi likaDon Quixote’].†Uyachaza. “ukuzimisela engikupholishe ngentokozo yeciko "ezogcina imilenze exegayo kanye nemilenze ekhathele. ngizokwenza.â€
Kule filimu, u-Garcia Bernal uveza u-Che ngezinguquko ezingenamandla zesimo sobuso nolimi lomzimba. Unikeza izimfanelo zobuhlakani, ubuhlakani kanye nokuzimisela uChe wangempela akuveza kamuva lapho enza umlando. U-Garcia Bernal's Che ukhombisa ukuthi umfundi wezokwelapha ongavuthiwe uliguqula kanjani icala lakhe lekilasi eliphakathi libe yintando yoguquko.
Emhlabeni wanamuhla wembulunga yonke, ukungabi nabulungisa kuye kwanda. I-Guerrilla focos ayisaphenduli ngendlela engokoqobo ekungabini nabulungisa kwesistimu. Kodwa ukuqonda uhlobo lokuxhashazwa, njengoba ifilimu ethi Che ibhekene nokuxhashazwa kwabasebenzi nabantu bomdabu, kusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele enze okuthile - eSeattle, Washington, DC nakwezinye izindawo lapho i-WTO ihlangana khona. Viva Che!
Incwadi entsha ka-Landau ethi, IBHIZINISI LASE-AMERICA: INDLELA ABATHENGI ABASISHIYE NGAYO IZAKHAMUZI KANYE NOKUTHI SINGAYIBUYISA KANJANI OKUTENDLELAYO. Uqondisa imidiya yedijithali eNyuvesi yaseCal Poly Pomona futhi unguzakwabo weSikhungo Sezifundo Zenqubomgomo.