I-Cold War Hoax kanye ne-Non-Paradox ye-McMaoism
Eminyakeni eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye nezinyanga ezimbili ezedlule, amakhulu amasosha ampofu e-Red China's "People's Liberation Army" (PLA) angenela iMcDonald's enkulukazi emhlabeni edolobheni laseBeijing. Kulandelwa ukugqolozela kukaRonald McDonald, amasosha aphuma ayojoyina ibutho elikhudlwana elalibuthene ukuze lihlasele abafundi ababebhikishela ubushiqela baseChina endaweni yomlando yase-Beijing i-Tiananmen Square. Imibhikisho yaseTiananmen yango-1989 yathola ukwesekwa okukhulu kubasebenzi baseBeijing, ababekhathazeke ngokwanda kokungalingani, ukungavikeleki kanye nenkohlakalo ebangelwa "izinguquko" zezomnotho "zemigwaqo yonxiwankulu" ezethulwa ongcweti baseChina "abangama-Marxist". Amathangi e-PLA akleliswe ukuqeda ukuvukela.Izinkulungwane zezakhamuzi zaseShayina zafa ngo-June 4, 1989 e-Tiananmen Square Massacre - umcimbi osusulwe ngokusemthethweni enkumbulweni ehlangene yaseShayina ngosizo lwenkampani ye-inthanethi yase-US i-Google [1].
Cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngemva kokuba igazi lihlanzwe ngezizathu zokubulala zaseTiananmen, "iKhomanisi" iShayina limi ebuhlotsheni okudala basungulwa be-symbiosis yezepolitiki nezomnotho ne-United States eyayithunjwe yinkampani. Inani elikhulu lamafemu ahamba phambili e-US avela emazweni ahlukahlukene atshala imali ngqo emalahleni, aminyaniswe yintuthu (ezungeze izikhungo zezimboni) e-China ukuze ixhaphaze umsebenzi wayo oshibhile, ocindezelwe uhulumeni kanye nokuzimisela kwayo ukubeka phansi izinkathazo zezemvelo ezimisweni ezingcwele "zokukhula komnotho" ( capitalist kulo lonke). Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kondla ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nensalela enkulu yohwebo yaseChina ne-US, ekhuphuke isuka ku-$83 billion yaya ku-$252 billion phakathi kuka-2000 no-2007 [2].
I-CAPITAL IYAWINA, UMSEBENZI UHLUKANA
Lokhu kushoda kwezohwebo kuyisici esibalulekile ekwehleni okuqhubekayo kwemisebenzi ekhokhelwa abantu baseMelika abangabasebenzi. Njengoba i-Economic Policy Institute isanda kubika, "Ukukhula kokuhwebelana kwe-US neChina kusukela iChina yangena kwi-World Trade Organisation ngo-2001 kube nomthelela omubi kakhulu kubasebenzi base-US nasemnothweni wasekhaya. Phakathi kuka-2001 no-2007 imisebenzi eyizigidi ezingu-2.3 yalahleka noma yaxoshwa," kuhlanganisa nezi-366,000 ngo-2007 kuphela. Ucwaningo olusha lwezibalo zabantu lubonisa ukuthi, ngisho nalapho sebeqashwe kabusha ezimbonini ezingadayiswanga, abasebenzi abayizigidi ezingu-2.3 abasuswa ngenxa yokwanda kokushoda kwezohwebo eChina kulesi sikhathi balahlekelwe isilinganiso samaRandi ayi-8,146 ngomsebenzi/ngonyaka.Ngo-2007 , lokhu kulahlekelwa kufinyelele ku-$ 19.4 billion" [3].
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imakethe yangaphakathi yaseShayina iwumthombo wenzuzo engencane ezinkampanini zaseMelika. IGeneral Motors (GM) yenza ingxenye enkulu yenzuzo yayo ngokudayisa eChina ngo-2001-2002. Ibika ukuthi i-China iyimakethe yayo eyodwa enkulu ngaphandle kwe-US. I-GM (eyakha imboni yamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-750 e-Shanghai ngo-1998) yatshala amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu eChina phakathi kuka-3 no-2004 "ngethemba," i-Associated Press yabika ngonyaka odlule, "izoqhuba imvuselelo enkampanini, enciphisa ukukhiqizwa nokuvala. amafektri emakethe yasekhaya yaseNyakatho Melika"[2007].
Lokhu akusho neze ukuthi izimo zaseShayina azinamona noma zigcinwe. I-China iyikhaya lamadolobha angu-17 kwangu-20 angcoliswe kakhulu emhlabeni. Futhi imashi yaseChina yehla "ngomgwaqo wonxiwankulu" ishiye izigaba zayo zokusebenza "esimeni esibucayi kakhulu." Njengoba isishoshovu samalungelo ezisebenzi saseMelika kanye nomcwaningi uRobert Weil aphawula ku-Monthly Review eminyakeni emibili edlule, โukuhlukana okwanda ngokusheshaโemphakathini [eShayina] owawuphakathi kokulingana kakhuluโkwenzeka phakathi kokweqisa ingcebo phezulu nokukhula. abasebenzi kanye nabalimi abasezingeni eliphansi labo izimo zabo zempilo ziba zimbi nsuku zonke Ukwenza isibonelo salokhu, uhlu lweNhlanhla lwango-2006 losozigidigidi bomhlaba luhlanganisa abayisikhombisa ezweni laseShayina [aba]โฆbamele ukuvela konxiwankulu baseShayina.Inkohlakalo edla lubi ihlanganisa iqembu kanye neziphathimandla zikahulumeni kanye nabaphathi bamabhizinisi kanye nosomabhizinisi abasha abazimele kuwebhu yemifelandawonye ecebisa isigaba sonxiwankulu esikhulayo, kuyilapho izigaba zabasebenzi zixhashazwa ngezindlela ezingakaze zibonwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulunyaka."
Ngesikhathi evakashele e-Dickensian ehlola ukuchuma okumangalisayo kwaseShayina okugujwa njengamanje ku-NBC, u-Weil uthole ukuthi "amashumi ezigidi" zabasebenzi baseChina "baxoshwa emisebenzini yabo yangaphambili ezinkampanini zikahulumeni, lapho izinsika zomnotho, nokulahlekelwa cishe zonke izinhlobo ezihlobene zokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle ebeziyingxenye yezikhungo zabo zokusebenza: izindlu, imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, kanye nezimpesheni, phakathi kokunye.Njengoba lezi zinkampani zikahulumeni ziguqulelwe inzuzo. -izinkampani eziqhutshwayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokudayiswa ngokuqondile kubatshalizimali abazimele noma ezikhishwe kancane ngabaphathi kanye neziphathimandla zombuso neqembu, inkohlakalo ibivamile."
U-Weil wahlangana futhi waxoxisana nabalimi "ababezabalaza ukubhekana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yokuchithwa okuphoqelelwe kwemiphakathi yasemaphandleni kanye nokwethulwa kohlelo lwesibopho somndeni, lapho umuzi ngamunye wenza inkontileka nedolobhana ukuze uthole ingxenye yendawo yokulima. Ngokuvuleleka kwezwe emakethe yomhlaba wonke, ukudayiswa kwezindawo yizikhulu zendawo kubathuthukisi ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo esanele kubahlali, kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo okudlangile ezindaweni zasemaphandleni,โ kuthola u-Weil, โle nqubomgomo ishiye amakhulu ezigidi edonsa kanzima. ukuthola indlela esebenzayo yokuziphilisa, kuyilapho bephuca iqoqo lezenhlalakahle ababenakho ngaphambili. Ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zabo ziye zaba yingxenye yokufudukela emadolobheni amakhulu, befuna umsebenzi wokwakha, izimboni ezintsha ezigxile ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe. , noma imisebenzi engcolile neyingozi kakhulu, lapho bengenawo ngisho namalungelo ayisisekelo. Kubantu abaningi abafudukayo, izimo ziba ziwohloka ngokushesha njengoba behlala kancane kancane emiphakathini yasemadolobheni futhi njengoba bekhula nezinkinga zempilo zanda."
Ukuphikiswa kwabasebenzi nabalimi kulezi zimo kuhlale kuhlangatshezwana nayo nengcindezelo yombuso, amasosha namaphoyisa ajuluka ukwethembeka efeni likaMao abhalisele ukuphoqelela ubugqila beholo kumodeli yalokho okuvezwe kumqulu wokuqala weNhlokodolobha yaseMarx [5].
UKUGCINA UMALUME SAM EZINDLELA
Ngaleso sikhathi, imali eningi yaseShayina ingena ekuthengeni izibambiso zikahulumeni wase-US, okusiza ukugcina uMbuso WaseMelika ompofu kakhulu uqhubeka. Inzuzo yaseShayina ephuma emhlane nasemaphashini e-proletariat yaseShayina ixhasa ukuncishiswa kwentela okukhiqiza i-arch-plutocratic kanye nebutho likaMesiya lika-Dick Cheney kanye noGeorge W. Bush's America, abanikazi bamakoloni amabili ahlaselwe ngokungemthetho eNingizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia (Afghanistan nase-Iraq) futhi izisekelo zamasosha ezingaphezu kuka-720 ezitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe aseMhlabeni. Lokhu akuhlangene nesifiso samaShayina sokusiza uBush. Kumayelana nesifiso seShayina ukugcina inani lokushintshisana lohlobo lwemali yalo uma liqhathaniswa nedola kanjalo nokuncintisana kwezimpahla zabo emakethe enkulu yabathengi yase-US โ okuyimbangela ebucayi yokwanda konxiwankulu obuhlelwe wumbuso waseShayina kule minyaka engamashumi amabili nanye edlule.
AMA-OLYMPIKI AKULETHE KU-GERAL ELECTRIC NO-HENRY KISSINGER
Ngokuhambisana nenzuzo enkulu yezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zihlela ukwenza ngokuqondile kuma-Olympics, lobu budlelwano bezomnotho obuyisisekelo yingakho abezindaba bezinkampani zase-US besiza umbuso waseShayina ukusebenzisa iMidlalo Yama-Olympic ukuthengisa isithombe esithambile somhlaba wonke "se-Brand China." Kungakho uJoshua Cooper Ramos - umqondisi ophethe kanye nozakwethu weHhovisi laseBeijing lika (Henry) Kissinger Associates (i-ejenti ehamba phambili yokutshalwa kwezimali kwaseNtshonalanga eChina) - enikeza ukuphawula "kochwepheshe" ngesiko lokubheka phambili laseChina "lokuzwana" I-General Electric Television's (NBC's) Ukusabalala kwama-Olympics [6]. Kungakho izigebengu ezimbili ezihamba phambili zezempi zase-US ezibizwa ngokuthi uGeorge Bush bezilokhu zijabulisana nababungazi baseShayina futhi zizwakalisa izimangaliso ezikhazimulayo "zokusebenzelana" (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini inkulumo eyisibopho kaBush encane mayelana neTibet, Taiwan, Darfur, nesmog). Kungakho i-Google (umhlanganyeli wesithupha ohamba phambili womkhankaso ka-Barack Obama ku-$373,000 [7]) esiza i-China ukuthi igcine i-Tiananmen Square Massacre "yehle ngembobo yenkumbulo" (igama likaGeorge Orwell lokusula umlando ongalungile ngabashisekeli bombuso) nokuthi kungani i-Yahoo isiza i-China ukukhomba futhi babophe abaphikisa [8]. Kungakho abezindaba bezinkampani zase-US begcina ukugxila kwabantu baseMelika "emidlalweni" nasezimweni ezimbi abantu abavamile baseShayina ababhekana nazo ngaphansi kwezibuko zama-Olympic aseShayina kanye "nezimangaliso zonxiwankulu" [9].
IMPI YAMAKHAYA
Abanye abantu baseMelika "abakhululekile" bashaqekile ngezinga "intando yeningi yobunxiwankulu" yaseMelika lihamba ngayo ukuze liphakamise ukungena kweChina "kokuhlalisana kwabantu" kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "umphakathi wezizwe." Ngithola ukudumala kwalaba benkululeko kanye namagama angenangqondo kakhulu. IMpi Yomshoshaphansi yayihlale iyisu elikhulu futhi iqinisana nhlangothi zombili. ISoviet Union eyayixhaphaza abasebenzi futhi eyayibuswa abantu abaningi kakhulu kanye ne-Red China yazibiza ngokuthi "i-socialist" nakuba yayiqeda futhi ivimbela ukulawulwa kwabasebenzi kanye nentando yeningi ethandwayo - izici ezimbili ezibucayi zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi yabantu ezuzisayo futhi enobuhlali bangempela. Khonamanjalo, i-US exhaphaza abasebenzi ngobudlova futhi eyayibuswa ngabantu abakhethekile yathola izigqoko "zentando yeningi" kanye "nenkululeko" nakuba ezombangazwe kanye nomphakathi wezwe lakubo ekubuseni ngenkani kwabacebile nezinkampani Ezimbalwa. Iziphathimandla zezombangazwe nezamasiko eNtshonalanga yonxiwankulu zadlala kanye nesimangalo sombuso weSoviet kanye neShayina sokuhlanganisa "i-socialism" njengoba kwabasiza ukululaza imibono eqinile ngokuyixhumanisa nemigodi yama-Stalinist namaMaoist [10].
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uhlelo lwabo "lwebhizinisi elikhululekile" lwaluphikisana futhi luhlala luphikisana nemibono elinganayo neyentando yeningi. "Intando yeningi yonxiwankulu" ibilokhu iyisimo sokuzidela esihlinzeka ngesembo salokho uKarl Marx ake wakubiza kahle "ubushiqela bonxiwa." Awukwazi ukuhlanganisa ngokunenjongo ukuqoqwa kwengcebo - isici esingokwemvelo kanye nokuthambekela konxiwankulu besimanje - nentando yeningi yeqiniso: umuntu oyedwa ivoti elilodwa kanye nomthelela olinganayo wokwenza inqubomgomo kubo bonke.
AYIKHO Indida
Angiboni lutho oluxakayo noma olushaqisayo mayelana ne-Sino-American love-fest okwamanje imakethwa abaxhumanisi bemicabango yamasiko amaningi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zamashiqela [11] ehlukana phakathi kwe-US-China. Izigaba zezombangazwe eziqavile zawo womabili Amandla Amandla Ombuso wobunxiwankulu anokuningi okufanayo komunye nomunye kunabantu abayizinhloko ezihlala ngaphansi kwemibuso yabo yasekhaya. Izintshisekelo zabo kanye nemibono yabo ihlangana emigqeni eminingi emnyama nenegunya njengoba i-extravaganza yama-Olympic isiza izikhulu ezikhulayo zonxiwankulu baseShayina ukuthi zijulise amandla abo ngokwengeza izilawuli eziqinile ze-Orwellian ngomuthi othambile we-Aldous Huxlean osekunesikhathi eside iziphathimandla zaseNtshonalanga zaphayona ngawo: ubukhazikhazi bamasiko ngokulutha nokuhlanganisa ukuzijabulisa komntwana. [12]. Siyakwamukela kungqondongqondo yezwe lonke kanye nemifelandawonye yezigaba zesistimu yomhlaba yonxiwankulu, lapho "imiguquguquko yobusoshiyali" iqoqe ama-proletariat ngale kwenkaba yaseNtshonalanga ukuze axhashazwe ngokungenalunya yibo bobabili amakhosi asekhaya kanye nenhloko-dolobha yomhlaba. I-Red Army kanye no-Ronald McDonald abahlukene kakhulu noma bahlanganyele ngokungahambisani. Ukuhlanganiswa kwefa lika-Mao nezibalo zenzuzo ze-General Electric ne-General Motors kwenza umqondo ophelele. Ayikho indida, njengoba noma yimuphi u-Marxist wesokunxele noma i-left-anarchist azi.
UPaul Street ([i-imeyili ivikelwe]) ungumbhali we Empire and Inequality: America and the World Since 9/11 (Boulder, CO: Paradigm), Izikole Ezihlukanisiwe: Educational Apartheid in the Post-Civil Rights Era (New York: Routledge, 2005); Ukucindezelwa Kobuhlanga e-Global Metropolis (New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007); kanye noBarack Obama kanye Nekusasa Lezombangazwe ZaseMelika (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, oda kokuthi: www.paradigmpublishers.com/Books/BookDetail.aspx?productID=186987).
AMANOTHI
1. "I-Google Censors Its for China," BBC News, January 25, 2006
2. I-US Census Bureau, Izibalo Zezohwebo Zangaphandle, zifundwe ku http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html#2007).
3 Robert E. Scott, "The China Trade Toll," EPI Briefing Paper # 219, July 30, 2008, read at http://www.epi.org/content.cfm/bp219.
4. UJoe McDonald, "General Motors Says China Sales Jumped," FOX News, January 8, 2007, efundwe ku- http://www.foxnews.com/printer_friendly_wires/2007Jan08/0,4675,ChinaGeneralMotors,00.html.
5. Robert Weil, "Chinese Working Conditions," Monthly Review, June 2006, ifundwe ku. http://www.monthlyreview.org/0606weil.htm.
6. Ken Silverstein, "NBC's Olympics, Braught to You By Henry Kissinger," Harper's (August 2008), ifundwe ku- http://harpers.org/archive/2008/08/hbc-90003378.
7. Isikhungo Sezombangazwe Ezisabelayo, "Barack Obama: Abaxhasi Abaphezulu," ifundwe ku- http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/contrib.php?cycle=2008&cid=N00009638
8. U-Zachary Coile, "Abenzi bomthetho Baqhumisa i-Yahoo ngokusiza i-China Jail Dissident," i-San Francisco Chronicle, ngoNovemba 7, 2007, ifundwe ku- http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/07/MN2NT7C99.DTL
9. Sekuvele kucace ukuthi, "Umbukiso Wanamuhla" we-NBC namhlanje ekuseni (ngibhala ngoLwesibili, Agasti 12) ubonise ngokukhazimulayo amathrendi emfashini amasha athandwa yisigaba esisha sonxiwankulu kanye nesigaba sokuphatha saseShayina.
10. Bheka ukubonakaliswa okuthakazelisayo kukaNoam Chomsky encwadini yakhe ethi What Uncle Sam Really Wants [Berkeley, CA: Odonian, 1994], pp. 78-82, 91-93.
11. Ukuze uthole ukuphumula futhi ngicabanga incazelo enembe kakhulu yebhizinisi lase-United States-"intando yeningi ephethwe" njengendlela entsha ehlukile "ye-totalitarianism," bheka incwadi yakamuva kasosayensi wezombusazwe u-Sheldon Wolin ethi Democracy Incorporated: Managed Democracy and the Specter of Inverted Totalitarianism. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008).
12. Bheka uPaul Street, "Killing Us Softly," ZNet (April 21, 2004), efundwe ku- http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/8691.