Esikhathini eside emuva ngaqamba igama elithi "Farmie" ukuze ngilinganisele igama elidumile elithi "Foodie" ezingxoxweni zepolitiki yamanje yasemapulazini/yokudla.1 Muva nje ngibhale indatshana yamagama angama-250 (engashicilelwe) ngoSenator wase-Iowa u-Tom Harkin ehla esikhundleni njengeSenate Ag. Isihlalo. Kuthe ngesonto eledlule ngaqamba igama elithi: “Farmie Foodie Coalition.” Nga-ayina “uqwembe” incazelo yalo ehembeni, ngaligqoka engqungqutheleni yakamuva ye-Community Food Security Coalition (CFSC, iqembu elisohlwini lwe-tee,) e-Des Moines, e-Iowa. Lapha ngibuyekeze futhi nganweba indaba ka-Harkin ukuze ibekwe lapha, futhi ngengeza imibhalo yaphansi embalwa ukuze ngifakazele ngokucacile okungenani iqiniso eliyingxenye ezimangalweni zami ezicasulayo (kanye nezicasulayo?) mayelana nalokhu kunyakaza okukhulu nokuhlukahlukene.
Nasi isithombe se-Tee Shirt: “I-Farmie Foodie Coalition: Owinile we-Ag-Biz.”
Kufushane kakhulu, kunjalo. Bekufanele ngabe ngengeze, maqondana nomsebenzi womthethosivivinywa wasepulazini wase-US ka-2007-8, ukuthi amaqembu ekholomu yeFoodie:
Ungasekeli
Amasilinda Amanani kanye Nezindawo Zokudla Okusanhlamvu
ukubhekana nenkinga yokudla,
okubala ukuqagela ukudla.
Manje i-Harkin Essay, engathuthukisa ngayo le ndlela yokubeka icala lami:
I-Harkin's Foodie-Farmie Coalition
Ikhethini liwile. USenator Tom Harkin ushiye isikhundla sakhe sokuba ngusihlalo weSenate Agriculture Committee.
Njengosihlalo u-Harkin akakaze alwele uMthethosivivinywa Wepulazi lakhe i-Harkin-Gephardt Farm (kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kanye nawo-1990), ngokubaluleka kwawo, iSihloko Sokudla esigxile ekuzimeleni kweCommodity. U-Harkin-Gephardt ucele amathuluzi amane enqubomgomo yokuzimela kokudla: amanani aphansi, uphahla lwamanani, izinqolobane zokusanhlamvu kanye nokuphathwa kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla.
Isizathu esiyinhloko salawa mathuluzi kwakuwukwenza i-US yenze inzuzo ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe epulazini. Ngenxa yokwaziwa kahle, "ukusabela amanani" okubuthaka kakhulu kwempahla enkulu yasemapulazini, lokho akuvamile ukwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimakethe zamahhala kanye nohwebo lwamahhala. Idatha ye-Economic Research Service ye-USDA ibonisa ukuthi abalimi base-US cishe njalo balahlekelwa imali (uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko ezigcwele, ngaphandle kosizo) ngommbila, ukolweni, ukotini, irayisi, ubhontshisi wesoya, amabele okusanhlamvu, ibhali kanye ne-oats 1981-2006. Ukufakwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-ERS koxhaso lwempahla (“amanethi okuphepha” epulazini) esibalweni kuphinde kwabonisa ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kwesitshalo/isikhathi ngasinye esicwaningiwe. (“Amanetha okuphepha,” kuvela ukuthi ahlala elimaza abalimi.)
Esikhundleni salokho, ka-Harkin-Gephardt, u-Harkin wathuthukisa ukuyekethisa okuthandwa noma okubekezelelwa ngabathumeli-mpahla abakhulu/abahamba phambili nabacubungulayo, abaholi beqembu lezimpahla kanye namapulazi, nezimboni zemfuyo ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nemvelo eyinhloko, ezolimo ezisimeme, indlala kanye namaqembu okudla ngakolunye. Ukuvumelana kunikeze ukwenyuka kwezimali ezindabeni ezithile zokudla nokusimama, njengemixhaso yokulima okuphilayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nokho, yagcina inzuzo enkulu, “engaphansi kwezindleko” zamaphrosesa, izinkampani zokulahla udoti ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nama-CAFO (izimboni zezilwane) e-US nasemazweni angaphandle.
Konke lokhu kufanele kube nokufaneleka kakhulu, kunjalo. Abaholi bamaqembu amakhulu empahla yasemapulazini (okungukuthi. labo abahlangene nenkampani, okungukuthi abathengi) kanye nezinhlangano ezifana ne-American Farm Bureau Federation, (lezo engizibize ngokuthi “amafamu), bathuswe kakhulu ukunyakaza kokudla (“izidlo” ). Bazibona njengezitha, hhayi abangabambisene nabo. Ngokunjalo nenhlangano yokudla ibona kakhulu la maqembu asemapulazini alandela imithetho njengezitha. Udaba olubalulekile abavame ukuvumelana ngalo bobabili kakhulu, nokho, (yize noma bengeke baluvume,) uhlobo oluthile “lwenethi yokuphepha,” (uxhaso lwepulazi olunezinga elithile lesikhwama somxhaso), esikhundleni sembuyiselo. ezinhlelweni zamapulazi zendabuko, ebezisekelwe ezimisweni zokuzimela kokudla (ngaphandle koxhaso) njengeziphakamiso ze-Harkin-Gephardt zamashumi eminyaka akamuva. Bavame ukuvumelana, okungukuthi, epulazini “inetha lokuphepha” elihambisana nemithetho yeNhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlaba (WTO) yohwebo lwamahhala. Njengoba kushiwo (okubi, ngokuthi "hhayi,") yiQembu Lezenkolo Lomthethosivivinywa Wepulazi, (ilungu eliphakeme lohlangothi lweFoodie lomfelandawonye), isibonelo, bafuna umthethosivivinywa wepulazi "ozohlinzeka ngoshintsho kubalimi. kwezinye izinhlobo zokwesekwa ezilinganayo futhi ezingahlanekezeli ukuhweba ngezindlela ezibhebhethekisa indlala nobumpofu.”2 Noma, ngenye indlela, njengeNhlangano Kazwelonke Yabalimi Bommbila, (ngandlela thize umholi omkhulu ohlangothini “lwepulazi” umfelandawonye, njengoba bebeyiqembu eliholayo ngemuva koxhaso olusha lwe-ACRE “netha yokuphepha,”) bathi, bathanda amathuluzi enqubomgomo yesihloko sempahla angewona “Ukuhlanekezela Ukuhweba [ngaphansi] kwe-WTO,” lawo “(WTO) Athobelanayo - Angena ngaphakathi I-Green Box,” ehlinzeka “ngenethi yokuphepha esebenza kahle nesebenza kahle…”3
Abaqhubekayo nabasekeli besikhwama senqubomgomo samathuluzi we-Harkin-Gephardt (ubukhosi bokudla) bahlanganisa i-National Family Farm Coalition (kuhlanganise ne-Iowa CCI), Food and Water Watch, Grassroots International, The American Corn Growers Association, The Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, kanye inhlangano yabalimi bomhlaba iLa Via Campesina.
Ukuyekethisa kuka-Harkin kokuthanda ukudla kanye nezithakazelo zabalimi, (okungabandakanyi wonke amathuluzi enqubomgomo yokudla yase-US ethize,) kuhlangene nezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala njenge-NAFTA kanye ne-WTO, ezenza abahwebi bangaphandle baphoqe izimpahla ezingabizi kakhulu emnothweni wasendaweni wasemapulazini emhlabeni jikelele. Phakathi kwabalahlekelwe kakhulu kwakukhona abakhiqizi bemfuyo base-US abahlukahlukene, amadolobhana asemaphandleni nezifunda, kanye “Namazwe Angathuthuki Kancane.” Ama-LDC anesilinganiso esingaphezu kwama-70% asemaphandleni. Ukuncishiswa nokuqedwa kwamathuluzi okulawula ukudla e-US nakwezinye izindawo, kuhlanganiswe nezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala, kuholele ekulahlweni okukhulu kwepulazi elithunyelwa ngaphandle, futhi muva nje, ukwenyuka kwentengo yepulazi/ukudla okuguquguqukayo.
1. "I-Foodies vs Farmies: Ukubheka Ipolitiki Yepulazi," U-Brad Wilson, Jan 2, 2009, https://znetwork.org/zblogs/foodies-vs-farmies-a-look-at-farm-politics-by-brad-wilson/
2. faithprinciples.pdf, Iqembu Lezenkolo Lomthethosivivinywa Wepulazi, Izimiso, kanye nakumakhasi ewebhu amahlelo amakhulu. Bheka futhi, ethi, Bread for the World, “Ukudla Okunempilo, Amapulazi Nemindeni: Indlala ka-2007,” ukuze uthole ukusekelwa “kwamanetha okuphepha” angahlanekezeli ukuhweba, isahluko 1; I-American Farmland Trust, “Amapulazi Anempilo, Ukudla Okunempilo, Abantu Abanempilo: Umkhankaso Wenqubomgomo Yepulazi ka-AFT ka-2007: I-Ajenda 2007: Uhlaka Olusha Nesiqondiso Senqubomgomo Yepulazi Yase-US,” Meyi 8, 2006, “inetha yokuphepha entsha … lokho ngeke kuhlanekezele kancane… iyahambisana nemithetho yezohwebo emhlabeni wonke.”
3. "Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yabalimi Bommbila, Isiphakamiso Somthetho Wokuphepha Kwepulazi Kazwelonke,"
Igama lokugcina: Ukuze ucacise amanani ami ayisisekelo futhi ngikudide nakakhulu, nansi enye yezinto ezingu-6 (ngaphambili/ngemuva) ehembeni lami le-XXL “ibhilibhodi”. Ngingase ngichaze iphuzu lokugcina ngolunye lwalezi zinsuku.
Kodwa-ke, abanye ababebambe iqhaza emhlanganweni wami wokucobelelana ngolwazi bahlanganisa abaholi ababili basemapulazini/basemaphandleni abavela e-Afrika, ummeleli weLa Via Campesina, (owawina uMklomelo Wobukhosi Womhlaba Wokudla wokuqala ngqa, kanye nomunye uMklomelo Wokudla Womhlaba), kanye nomunye umlimi wommbila. . Isabelo sami esiqondile sasiwukunikeza umbono wabalimi bombila base-Iowa ngenkinga yokudla. Ekugcineni, uCurt ovela kufilimu i-King Corn wayesezilalelini!
Ukuzihlangula: Akukho kulokhu okugunyazwe yinoma yiziphi izinhlangano ezisohlwini lwehembe lami kanye nendatshana yami njengesekela ukuma kwami enkingeni yepulazi kanye nenkinga yokudla. Lona umzamo ozimele.
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