Njengoba sigubha iminyaka emibili egcwele selokhu iRussia yahlasela i-Ukraine, amasosha kahulumeni wase-Ukraine ahoxile Avdiivka, idolobha abaqala ukulithumba endaweni eyayizibize ngokuthi iDonetsk People's Republic (DPR) ngoJulayi 2014. Isendaweni engamakhilomitha angu-10 kuphela ukusuka edolobheni laseDonetsk, i-Avdiivka yanikeza amasosha kahulumeni wase-Ukraine indawo lapho izikhali zabo zahlasela khona iDonetsk iminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi. Kusukela kubantu bangaphambi kwempi ababalelwa ku-31,000, leli dolobha selinciphile futhi lasala liyincithakalo.
Ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi nhlangothi zombili kule mpi ende kwakuyisilinganiso sokubaluleka kwedolobha kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, kodwa futhi kuwuphawu lwezindleko ezishaqisayo zomuntu zale mpi, eye yaba impi enonya nechitha igazi phakathi nayo. umugqa ongaphambili ocishe umile. Alukho uhlangothi oluthole izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngendawo kuwo wonke unyaka wezi-2023 wokulwa, ngenzuzo esele eRussia yamamayela-skwele angu-188, noma u-0.1% we-Ukraine.
Futhi ngenkathi kungabantu base-Ukrainian namaRussia abalwa futhi befa kule mpi yombango ngokuphela isigamu sezigidi izisulu, yi-United States, kanye nabalingani bayo baseNtshonalanga, eye yama endleleni yezingxoxo zokuthula. Lokhu bekuyiqiniso ngezingxoxo phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ezenzeka ngoMashi 2022, inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuhlasela kweRussia, futhi kuyiqiniso ngezingxoxo iRussia ezazama ukuziqala ne-United States muva nje ngoJanuwari 2024.
NgoMashi 2022, iRussia ne-Ukraine bahlangana eTurkey futhi baxoxisana nge isivumelwano sokuthula lokho bekufanele kuphele impi. I-Ukraine yavuma ukuba yizwe elingathathi hlangothi phakathi kwempumalanga nentshonalanga, ngemodeli ye-Austria noma iSwitzerland, ilahle isifiso sayo esinempikiswano sobulungu be-NATO. Imibuzo yendawo ngeCrimea kanye namariphabhuliki aseDonetsk naseLuhansk azoxazululwa ngokuthula, ngokusekelwe ekuzinqumeni kwabantu balezo zifunda.
Kodwa-ke i-US ne-UK bangenelela ukuze ancenge uMongameli wase-Ukraine uVolodomyr Zelenskyy ukuthi ashiye isivumelwano sokungathathi hlangothi ukuze avune impi ende yokuxosha iRussia ngezempi e-Ukraine futhi abuyisele iCrimea neDonbas ngenkani. Abaholi baseMelika nabase-UK abakaze bavume kubantu babo ukuthi benzeni, noma bazame ukuchaza ukuthi kungani bekwenzile.
Ngakho-ke kushiyelwe kubo bonke abanye abathintekayo ukuthi baveze imininingwane yesivumelwano kanye nezindima ze-US kanye ne-UK ekusenzeni kube nzima: UMongameli Zelenskyy's abeluleki; Isi-Ukraine abaxoxisana nabo; Ungqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseTurkey uMevlüt I-Cavusoglu kanye nesiTurkey iziphambanethi; UNdunankulu wase-Israel uNaftali UBennett, owayengomunye umlamuleli; kanye nowayenguShansela waseJalimane uGerhard Schroder, owaxoxisana noMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin e-Ukraine.
Ukucekelwa phansi kwezingxoxo zokuthula e-US akufanele kusimangaze. Iningi lenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US ilandela lokho okufanele manje kube yiphethini ebonakala kalula futhi ebikezelwe, lapho abaholi bethu beqamba amanga kithi mayelana nezinqumo nezenzo zabo ezimeni ezinzima, futhi, ngesikhathi iqiniso selaziwa kabanzi, kuyafana. sekwephuzile ukubuyisela emuva imiphumela eyinhlekelele yalezo zinqumo. Izinkulungwane zabantu zikhokhe ngezimpilo zazo, akekho umuntu oyoziphendulela, futhi ukunaka komhlaba kudlulele enkingeni elandelayo, uchungechunge olulandelayo wamanga nokuchitheka kwegazi okulandelayo, okuyiGaza kulokhu.
Kodwa impi iyaqhubeka e-Ukraine, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyayinaka noma cha. Lapho i-US ne-UK sebephumelele ukubulala izingxoxo zokuthula kanye nokwandisa impi, kwaba yiphethini engenakunqandeka evamile ezimpini eziningi, lapho i-Ukraine, i-United States kanye namalungu ahamba phambili ombimbi wezempi we-NATO akhuthazwa, noma singase sithi ukudukiswa. , ngempumelelo elinganiselwe ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene yayisandisa futhi yandisa impi futhi yenqaba ukukhulumisana, naphezu kwezindleko zabantu ezikhuphuka njalo, ezesabekayo kubantu base-Ukraine.
Abaholi base-US kanye ne-NATO baphindaphinde isikhangiso sokuthi bahlomisa i-Ukraine ukuze bayibeke endaweni eqinile "etafuleni lezingxoxo," njengoba belokhu benqaba izingxoxo. Ngemuva kokuthi i-Ukraine ithole isisekelo ngokuhlukumeza kwayo okudume kakhulu ekwindla ka-2022, uSihlalo we-US we-Joint Chiefs of Staff General. UMark Milley yaphumela obala ngekhwelo lokuthi "bamba umzuzu" futhi babuyele etafuleni lezingxoxo besuka esikhundleni samandla abaholi be-NATO abathi basilindile. Kubikwa ukuthi abaholi bezempi baseFrance nabaseJalimane babeqinise kakhulu ukuthi leso sikhathi sizoba njalo okwesikhashana uma behlulekile ukulibamba.
Babeqinisile. UMongameli uBiden wenqabile izingcingo zabeluleki bakhe bezempi zokuthi kuvuselelwe izingxoxo, kwathi ukuhlasela kwe-Ukraine okwahluleka ngo-2023 kwamosha ithuba lokuxoxisana ngesikhundla samandla, kwadela izimpilo eziningi ukuyishiya ibuthakathaka kunangaphambili.
Ngo-February 13, 2024, ihhovisi leReuters laseMoscow laphula indaba i-United States eyayisanda kuba nayo wenqatshelwe isiphakamiso esisha saseRussia sokuvula kabusha izingxoxo zokuthula. Imithombo eminingi yaseRussia ebambe iqhaza kulolu hlelo itshele abeReuters ukuthi iRussia ihlongoze izingxoxo eziqondile ne-United States ukuze kumiswe ukumiswa kwempi emigqeni yamanje yempi.
Ngemuva kokuthi isivumelwano sokuthula saseRussia sangoMashi 2022 ne-Ukraine sivinjwe yi-US, kulokhu iRussia yaya e-United States ngqo ngaphambi kokubandakanya i-Ukraine. Kube nomhlangano wabalamuli eTurkey, kanye nomhlangano phakathi kukaNobhala Wezwe uBlinken, uMqondisi weCIA uBurns kanye noMeluleki Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke uSullivan eWashington, kodwa umphumela waba umlayezo ovela kuSullivan wokuthi i-US izimisele ukuxoxa ngezinye izici ze-US-Russian. ubudlelwane, kodwa hhayi ukuthula e-Ukraine.
Ngakho impi iyaqhubeka. I-Russia ikhona isadubula 10,000 amagobolondo ezikhali ngosuku phambi komugqa, kuyilapho Ukraine angadubula 2,000 kuphela. Kwi-microcosm yempi enkulu, abanye oshayasibhamu base-Ukraine batshele izintatheli ukuthi bavunyelwe ukudubula amagobolondo ama-3 ngobusuku. Njengoba u-Sam Cranny-Evans we-UK's RUSI think-tank etshela i-Guardian, "Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu base-Ukraine ngeke besakwazi ukucindezela izikhali zaseRussia, futhi uma abase-Ukraine bengakwazi ukudubula, abangakwenza ukuzama sinda.”
Isinyathelo saseYurophu sangoMashi 2023 sokukhiqiza amagobolondo ayisigidi e-Ukraine ngonyaka sehle kakhulu, kuphela ukukhiqiza abangaba ngu-600,000. Ukukhiqizwa kwamagobolondo e-US nyanga zonke ngo-Okthoba 2023 bekungamagobolondo angu-28,000, okuhloswe ukuthi kube ngu-37,000 ngenyanga ngo-Ephreli 2024. I-United States ihlela ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kumagobolondo angu-100,000 ngenyanga, kodwa lokho kuzothatha kuze kube ngu-Okthoba 2025.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, iRussia isivele ikhiqiza 4.5 abayizigidi ezingu amagobolondo wezikhali ngonyaka. Ngemva kokuchitha ingxenye engaphansi kwengxenye yeshumi yesabelomali sePentagon eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, iRussia ikwazi kanjani ukukhiqiza amagobolondo ezikhali aphindwe izikhathi ezi-5 kune-United States namadlelandawonye ayo e-NATO ehlangene?
URichard Connolly waseRUSI wachaza ku-Guardian ukuthi, ngenkathi amazwe aseNtshonalanga enza ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali kwawo kwangasese futhi ahlakaza amandla okukhiqiza "asele" ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi ukuze enze inzuzo yezinkampani, "AmaRussia abe ... imali yomcimbi ukuthi ngelinye ilanga badinga ukuthi bakwazi ukuwukhulisa. Ngakho-ke akuphumelelanga kwezomnotho kwaze kwaba ngu-2022, futhi kungazelelwe kubukeka njengokuhlela okunobuhlakani kakhulu. ”
UMongameli uBiden ubemagange ngokuthumela enye imali e-Ukraine - imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-61 zamaRandi - kodwa ukungaboni ngaso linye e-US Congress phakathi kwabalandeli be-Ukraine be-bipartisan kanye neqembu lamaRiphabhulikhi eliphikisana nokubandakanyeka kwe-US kubambe izimali. Kepha noma ngabe i-Ukraine ibinokufakwa okungapheli kwezikhali zaseNtshonalanga, inenkinga enkulu kakhulu: Amasosha amaningi eyawabuthela ukulwa le mpi ngo-2022 abulewe, alimala noma athunjwa, futhi uhlelo lwayo lokuqasha lukhungethwe yinkohlakalo nokushoda. yomdlandla wempi phakathi kweningi labantu bayo.
Ngo-Agasti 2023, uhulumeni waxosha izinhloko zokubuthela amasosha kuzo zonke izifunda ezingama-24 zezwe ngemuva kokuba kwaziwa kabanzi ukuthi basebenza ngendlela ehlelekile. ecela ukufumbathiswa ukuvumela amadoda ukuthi agweme ukuqashwa futhi aphume ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwezwe. Isiteshi se-Open Ukraine Telegraph kubika, "Amahhovisi okubhaliswa kwamasosha kanye nokubhalisa awakaze ayibone imali enjalo ngaphambilini, futhi imali engenayo isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuye phezulu."
Iphalamende lase-Ukraine lidingida okusha ukubhalisa umthetho, ngohlelo lokubhalisa ku-inthanethi oluhlanganisa abantu abahlala phesheya kanye nezinhlawulo zokwehluleka ukubhalisa noma ukubhalisa. IPhalamende selivele liwuvotele umthethosivivinywa wangaphambilini amalungu athole ukuthi unonya kakhulu, futhi abaningi besaba ukuthi ukubuthwa ngempoqo kuzoholela ekwandeni kokuphikiswa okusalungiswa, noma kwehlise uhulumeni.
U-Oleksiy Arestovych, owayengumkhulumeli kaMengameli uZelenskyy, utshele i-website ye-Unherd ukuthi umnyombo wenkinga yokuqashwa kwabantu e-Ukraine ukuthi bangama-20% kuphela abantu base-Ukraine abakholelwa ekulwisaneni nobuzwe base-Ukraine obulawula ohulumeni base-Ukraine kusukela kwaketulwa uhulumeni waseYanukovych ngo-2014. Kuthiwani ngo-80% osele?” obuza imibuzo Ebuzwa.
“Ngicabanga ukuthi kwabaningi babo, umbono wabo ngowezwe elinamasiko amaningi namasiko amaningi,” kuphendula u-Arestovych. “Futhi lapho uZelenskyy eqala ukubusa ngo-2019, bawuvotela lo mbono. Akazange ayisho ngokuqondile kodwa yilokhu ayekusho lapho ethi, ‘Angiwuboni mehluko engxabanweni yolimi lwase-Ukraine nesiRashiya, sonke singama-Ukraine ngisho noma sikhuluma izilimi ezihlukene.’”
“Futhi niyazi,” kuqhubeka u-Arestovych, “ukugxeka kwami okukhulu okwenzeka e-Ukraine eminyakeni edlule, phakathi nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo kwempi, yilo mbono wobuzwe base-Ukraine obuhlukanise i-Ukraine ibe abantu abahlukene: izikhulumi zase-Ukraine kanye nezikhulumi zase-Ukraine. Izikhulumi zesiRashiya njengesigaba sesibili sabantu. Umbono oyinhloko oyingozi kanye nengozi embi kakhulu kunodlame lwamasosha aseRussia, ngoba akekho ovela ku-80% wabantu ofuna ukufela uhlelo lapho bengabantu besigaba sesibili. "
Uma abantu base-Ukrainian bemanqikanqika ukulwa, cabanga ukuthi abantu baseMelika bangamelana kanjani nokuthunyelwa ukuyolwa e-Ukraine. Ucwaningo lwango-2023 lwe-US Army War College lwe "Izifundo ezivela e-Ukraine" uthole lokho Impi yase-US neRussia ukuthi i-United States iyiyo ukulungiselela ukulwa kuzobandakanya abalimala abalinganiselwa ku-3,600 base-US ngosuku, ukubulala nokukhubaza amasosha amaningi ase-US njalo emasontweni amabili njengoba kwenzeka izimpi zase-Afghanistan nase-Iraq eminyakeni engamashumi amabili. Benanela inkinga yokuqashwa kwezempi yase-Ukraine, ababhali baphethe ngokuthi, “Izimfuneko zamabutho amakhulu empi zingase zidinge ukucatshangelwa kabusha kwebutho lamavolontiya lawo-1970 kanye nawo-1980 kanye nokudlulela ekubuthweni ingxenye ethile.”
Inqubomgomo yempi yase-US e-Ukraine ibikezelwe ekukhuphukeni okunjalo kancane kancane kusuka empini ye-proxy kuya empini egcwele phakathi kweRussia ne-United States, okungenakuvinjelwa ukuthi igubuzelwe ingozi yempi yenuzi. Lokhu akukashintshi eminyakeni emibili, futhi ngeke kushintshe ngaphandle kokuthi kuze kube yilapho abaholi bethu bethatha indlela ehluke kakhulu. Lokho kuzobandakanya izingxoxo ezinzima zokuqeda impi ngemibandela iRussia ne-Ukraine ezingavumelana ngayo, njengoba benza esivumelwaneni sokungathathi hlangothi sangoMashi 2022.
UMedea Benjamin noNicolas JS Davies bangababhali be Impi e-Ukraine: Ukwenza Umuzwa Wengxabano Engenangqondo, eshicilelwe yi-OR Books ngoNovemba 2022.
UMedea Benjamin ungumsunguli we CODEPINK for Ukuthula, kanye nombhali wezincwadi eziningana, kuhlanganise Ngaphakathi kwe-Iran: Umlando Weqiniso Nezombangazwe YeRiphabhulikhi Yase-Islamic yase-Iran.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela