Umthombo: Countercurrents
[Le inguqulo enwetshiwe yobufakazi obulethwe ku-UK All-Party Parliamentary Group on Commercial Exploitation, November 2.]
Umbono wami: Imboni yezithombe ezingcolile yenza okubi kakhulu kwabesifazane futhi iveza okubi kakhulu emadodeni. Ake ngichaze lesi simangalo.
Nginguprofesa waseNyuvesi yaseTexas osethathe umhlalaphansi owaqala ukufunda imboni yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngo-1988, okwaholela ekubhalweni kobudokotela, izihloko zezazi, nezincwadi ezintathu ezikhuluma ngale ndaba. Iziphetho engafinyelela kuzo emsebenzini wami wezemfundo mayelana nokulimala kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zangiholela ekubambeni iqhaza ekulweni nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zabesifazane, ngigxile ekuhleleni imicimbi yokufundisa umphakathi nokubhalela izethameli ezijwayelekile. Le misebenzi yezemfundo neyesishoshovu ixhumene: Minyaka yonke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lwesayensi yezengqondo nezokuhlalisana kwabantu luyashicilelwa oluqinisekisa imininingwane yalokho kuhlaziya kwabesimame, okwenza inhlangano yezenhlalo ibaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Namuhla ngifuna ukukhuluma ngokubaluleka kokugxeka kwabesifazane ekuqondeni izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, esimweni sokugxeka okukhulu kwabesifazane ngokuxhashazwa ngokocansi nobudlova bamadoda. Lokhu ngikugcizelela ngezizathu ezintathu.
Okokuqala, kukhona abantu besifazane abavikela, futhi baze bagubhe, imboni yezithombe ezingcolile. Esikhundleni sokubhekana nokuxhashazwa kwabesifazane ngokobulili okuwumgogodla wale mboni, laba balwela amalungelo abesifazane bathi bavikela โabathengisa ngocansiโ noma basekela โinkulumo yocansi.โ Imboni yezithombe ezingcolile ayiphathi abesifazane abenza ngisho nokuvikelwa okuncane okufanele kunikezwe izisebenzi, ngoba ukuxhashazwa kuwumgogodla wakho kokubili โukuzijabulisaโ abakukhiqizayo kanye nenqubo okukhiqizwa ngayo. Imodeli yebhizinisi yemboni ayisoze yakhuthaza ukukhuluma okuhambisana nokuchuma kwabantu. Kubalulekile ukuphonsela inselelo i-pro-pornism feminism ngokugxeka okuye kwathuthukiswa abesifazane emnyangweni wokulwa nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, okufaka phakathi abaningi abasinde ezimbonini zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi.
Okwesibili, kukhona abanye abagxeka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile abasebenza ngezinhlaka ezilondolozayo nezenkolo. Nakuba kunamanani athile okwabelwana ngawo kanye nezimpikiswano ezifanayo ezenziwa abagxeki besifazane nabemithetho emisiwe, ukuhlaziya abesifazane kuyingxenye yenselele enkulu kanye nokumelana nokuphathwa kwamadoda, uhlelo lokubusa kwabesilisa okusekelwe ezikhungweni.
Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukuthi amadoda asekele ukugxeka kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezisekelwe kubesifazane. Inani elikhulayo lamadoda lenqaba ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngenxa yemiphumela emibi emicabangweni yabo yocansi kanye nempilo yocansi, ikakhulukazi uma bebanjwe emaphethini afana nokulutha. Lokhu kuzazi kuyintuthuko enhle, kodwa isinyathelo sokuqala kuphela. Amadoda anomthwalo wemfanelo wokujoyina inhlangano yabesifazane ebeka ukulimala kwabesifazane nezingane phakathi nendawo yokugxeka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
Inkulumo ethi โUkuxhashazwa Ngokocansi Kwezentengisoโ esihlokweni salolu phenyo ibalulekile, ngoba igcina igxile eqinisweni lezinto abesifazane ababhekana nazo. Igama elithi โimboni yobulili,โ elivame ukusetshenziswa abasekeli nabaxolisi bezithombe ezingcolile, liyasitha isimo sokuhwebelana. Izithombe zobulili ezingcolileโkanye nobufebe, ukukhumula izingubo, izindawo zokubhucungwa umzimba, izinkonzo zokuphelezelaโziphathelene namadoda athenga futhi athengise imizimba yabesifazane engafaneleki ukuze ajabulele ubulili. Yingakho ngisebenzisa igama elithi โizimboni zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi,โ ukuze ngiqambe ngokunembile imodeli yebhizinisi. Ozakwethu kuleli phaneliโGail Dines, UClare McGlynn, Futhi ULilala Mickelwait-izochaza kabanzi ngokulimala okubangelwa yilezi zimboni, futhi iphakamise izinketho zenqubomgomo ezinikeza amathemba angcono kakhulu obulungisa.
Ngafika kulokhu kuqonda kamuva ekuphileni. Ngiseyinsizwa, nganginemibono yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile enenkululeko futhi ngigcona ukugxeka kwabesifazane engangingakuqondi ngempela. Kodwa lapho ngisebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile, ngangihlale ngizizwa ngingakhululekile. Ezingeni elithile, ngicabanga ukuthi ngangazi ukuthi ukuhlanganisa injabulo yami yocansi nokusetshenziswa kwemizimba yabesifazane engafaneleki kwakungqubuzana nobumina bami obuhle. Ngabe sengihlangana nokugxeka kwabesifazane, okuvezwe ngamandla kakhulu ngu-Andrea Dworkin encwadini yakhe eyisiqalo. Izithombe Zocansi: Amadoda Aphethe Abesifazane. U-Dworkin nabanye abalwela amalungelo abantu besifazane abagcinanga nje ngokubekela inselele ezombangazwe zami ezikhululekile kodwa futhi bakhuluma ngobudlelwane bami obungakhululekile nezinkambiso ezibusayo zesiko lobudoda, ezivezwa ngokusobala ezithombeni ezingcolile zobulili: ukuthanda ukulawula kanye nomgomo wokunqoba.
Emuva ngaleso sikhathi, ukugxeka kwabesifazane kwakuwukuhlaziywa okuphoqelekile kwezwe lezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zangaphambi kwe-intanethi. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amane kamuva, ukuqina okuqhubekayo kokucwasa ngokobulili nokucwasa ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile kwenza lokho kuhlaziya kuphoqelele kakhulu kunangaphambili. Kodwa kuleso sikhathi esifanayo, ukugxeka kwabesifazane kuye kwaphonswa kancane kancane emaphethelweni ezikhungweni zenkululeko, ikakhulukazi amanyuvesi.
Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kwenqatshwa okuqhutshwa yingqondo yokuhlaziya okunjalo okuphoqayo kuwumphumela wokwesaba nokuphika. Ukwesaba kuwukusabela okuqondakalayo endleleni izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezinonya futhi ezilulaza ngayo. Kungethusa ukubheka ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu besifazane sekuphenduke ukuzijabulisa kocansi okujwayelekile. Ukuphika ukuthi kugxilwe ngokujule kangakanani empilweni yansuku zonke-kuhlanganise nezimpilo zethu zocansi-izinkambiso zokucwasa ngokobulili ze-patriarchy. Ukuphikwa kwesihluku sezimboni zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi kubangelwa ukwesaba lokho okuvezwa ukugxekwa kwabesifazane mayelana nokuphila kwethu konke, kusukela kwezombangazwe zomhlaba kuya ezindaweni ezisondelene kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu.
Iphuzu lami lokugcina: Ukugxeka kwabesifazane ngezimboni zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi, kimina nabesifazane engisebenze nabo, ingxenye yokugxeka okubanzi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamandla ezihlukunyezwa njalo. Izishoshovu emzamweni wokuphonsela inselelo ukuxhashazwa ngokocansi ngokwezentengiselwano ziphinde zigqamise ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezisizungezile: ukucwasa ngokwebala, ukungalingani kwezomnotho nokuxhashazwa komhlaba wonke, impi, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Ukugxeka kwabesifazane ngezithombe zocansi akuhlukanisiwe, kodwa kuyingxenye eyodwa, ukugxeka okukhulu okuqhubekayo/kwemvelo kokugxila kwamandla angekho emthethweni.
Ukuhlanganisa lezi, ngizophetha ngokuzicaphuna mina, encwadini yami Ukuphela Kwe-Patriarchy. Ngiphakamisa ukuthi sibuze umbuzo oyisisekelo noma nini lapho sihlangabezana nombono omusha, iphrojekthi yezombangazwe, noma isiphakamiso senqubomgomo: โIngabe lokhu kungase kusize abantu bakhe futhi bagcine imiphakathi yabantu ezinzile, ehloniphekile engakwazi ukuhlala isebuhlotsheni obuqhubekayo nomhlaba omkhulu ophilayo? โ
Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ocwaningo nobushoshovu, ngingasho ngaphandle kokungabaza noma ukugodla ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nezinye izimboni ezihlukumeza ngokocansi ziyisithiyo emiphakathini yabantu ezinzile, ehloniphekile. Umkhuba wamadoda wokuthenga nokudayisa imizimba yabesifazane engafanele ukuze bathole ucansi ayihambisani nokuchuma kwabantu.
Abavikeli bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngokuvamile baphendula ngokuthi, โAwu, uma ungazithandi ezocansi, ungazibuki.โ Ngempela, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukungawubuki, kodwa akekho ongabalekela isiko lezithombe ezingcolile zobulili. Ukukhetha ukungazibuki izithombe zobulili ezingcolile akuqedi umonakalo odalwa imboni eyenza okubi kakhulu kwabesifazane futhi iveza okubi kakhulu kwabesilisa.
URobert Jensen, UProfesa Emeritus ku Isikole Sobuntatheli Nezindaba ngesikhathi IYunivesithi yaseTexas e-Austin, ungumbhali we Umqondo Ongaphumuli Nongakhathali we-Wes Jackson: Isesha Ukusimama (I-University Press yaseKansas, 2021). Ezinye izincwadi zakhe zihlanganisa Ukuphela Kwe-Patriarchy: I-Radical Feminism Yamadoda (2017); I-Plain Radical: Ukuphila, Ukuthanda, Nokufunda Ukushiya Iplanethi Ngomusa (2015); Ukulwela Izimpilo Zethu: Inkomba yomsebenzisi yezingxoxo ezakhayo (2013); Wonke Amathambo Ami Ayazamazama: Ukufuna Indlela Eqhubekayo Ezwini Lesiprofetho, (2009); Ukuphuma: Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile kanye Nokuphela Kwamasilisa (2007); Inhliziyo Yobumhlophe: Ukubhekana Nohlanga, Ubuhlanga kanye Nelungelo Labamhlophe (2005); Izakhamizi Zombuso: Umzabalazo Wokufuna Ubuntu Bethu (2004); futhi Ukubhala Ukuphikisa:TUkucabanga Imibono Eqinile ukusuka Emaphethelweni kuya Kwejwayelekile (2001).
UJensen ungumbungazi ohamba phambili "I-Podcast evela ePrairie" no-Wes Jackson kanye nomdidiyeli osebenzisana naye wefilimu eyidokhumentari ezayo Isiprofetho sePrairie: Umqondo Ongaphumuli futhi Ongapheli KaWes Jackson.
UJensen angafinyelelwa ku [i-imeyili ivikelwe]. Ukuze ujoyine uhlu lwe-imeyili ukuze uthole izindatshana zika-Jensen, yiya ku http://www.thirdcoastactivist.org/jensenupdates-info.html. Mlandele ku-Twitter: @jensenrobertw
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