Kusekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari ngo-2024 futhi ngezimpelasonto ezingu-3 zokugcina ngoJanuwari amakhulu ezinkulungwane amaJalimane angena emigwaqweni futhi aphikisana ne-AfD ekude kwesokudla. Osopolitiki abaningi, ongqondongqondo nabavoti abajwayelekile bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-AfD, Athando für DI-eutschland (Enye i-Germany), iyiphathi yeqiniso ye-Neo-Nazi.
Ngolimi oludumile iqembu libuye libizwe ngokuthi:
- AfD = Athando für Dumkhopho (Athando for Dummies)
- AfD = Abyss for Deutschland
- AfD = Aus für DI-emokratie (Ukuphela kwentando yeningi)
- AfD = Aumfelandawonye for Demagogues
- I-AfD - Alle faschisten Di-eportieren (Thutha wonke ama-fascists)
Kusukela yakamuva I-Wannsee 2.0 scandal weza ukukhanya, i-AfD ithathwa kabanzi njenge Iphathi yeNeo-Nazi. Ngo-2018 umphathi we-CDU kanye ne-arch-conservative uFriedrich Merz umemezele, "i-AfD ngamaNazi. "
Muva nje, umholi wesifunda we-CDU wesifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke saseJalimane saseNyakatho-Rhine-Westphalia kanye noNdunankulu wesifunda. U-Hendrik Wüst wathi,leli yiqembu lamaNazi. "
Inkantolo yanquma ukuthi kuyafaneleka ukubiza u-Führer onamandla kakhulu we-AfD, UBjorn Höcke, iNazi. Iphini leqembu le-AfD, elingenawo amandla angempela kodwa onobuso obuhle be-neofascism, isakhamuzi saseSwitzerland. U-Alice Weidel, ibizwe ngokuthi a Nazi-Schlampe or Nondindwa wamaNazi futhi isinqumo senkantolo savumela lowo mbonisi ukuba ame.
Ngenyanga edlule, uWeidel waphoqeleka ukuba axoshe omunye wabeluleki bakhe owayebambe iqhaza kuleyo mfihlo I-Wannsee 2.0 umhlangano lapho kwasakazwa khona izinhlelo zokuphoqa ukuqedwa noma ukudingiswa kwanoma ubani onomuntu ongeyena um-Aryan ifa.
Konke kwaqala ngo-2013 ngedlanzana loprofesa bezomnotho be-neoliberal nabamelene ne-EU abasungula. i-AfD. Kodwa namuhla, i-AfD iphiko lwesokudla kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Ukuze bafinyelele lapho bekhona namuhla, ngo-2022 i-AfD waphindaphinda ekaHitler Ubusuku Bemimese Emide. Yize kungabulawanga muntu, ngaphandle kwabambalwa ukubulawa kwezinhlamvu, iqembu lahlanza noma ubani owayengase aqonde esikhungweni noma avulekele ukuyekethisa namanye amaqembu.
Lokhu kuhlanza kuqede abalingani bokugcina beqembu. Ukuhlanjululwa ngokwemibono kweqembu kwenzeka edolobheni laseMpumalanga-Jalimane lase Riesa engqungqutheleni ye-AfD ka-2022. Iqembu eliyinhloko le-neofascist laqeda ama-neoberals asekuqaleni angewona amafascist futhi lenza buthaka kakhulu uphiko lweqembu lwe-conservative-reactionary.
I-Riesa 2022 iqinise i i-volkische (funda: I-Neo-Nazi) amandla angaphakathi eqenjini. Ngo-2023, izimpi zangaphakathi ze-AfD zendabuko phakathi kwama-neoliberal, ama-Conservatives, nama-extremist angakwesokudla zase ziphelile.
Emuva kwalokho, izingxabano zangaphakathi kweqembu zazigxile kakhulu ezindabeni ezingabalulekile njengokuthi yimaphi amakhansela okufanele afakwe ohlwini ukuze akhethwe.
Ekupheleni kuka-2023, cishe kulo lonke ukhetho lwakamuva lwaseJalimane kanye nokuvota esidlangalaleni, i-AfD yayisezingeni eliphakeme lomlando, ihlezi 20% kuya 24%, njengoba kubonakala ku-German TV edumile Umbuzo wangeSonto lokho kubuza amaJalimane: “Iliphi iqembu obungalivotela ukube usuku lokhetho bekungeSonto elizayo?”
Isimo sezepolitiki saseJalimane esivame ukunganaki kungenzeka ukuthi yamukele i-AfD njengentsha (neo-fascist) evamile eJalimane. Kodwa kwabe sekuqala igagasi lemibhikisho yasemgwaqweni. Ngokumangalisayo, imibhikisho ibe nokunqoba kwayo kokuqala ngokumelene neqembu, okubangele ukuhlulwa kwayo ukhetho eThuringia.
Sekuyiminyaka i-AfD ibhekwe ngabomvu abophiko lwezokuphepha kanjalo namaJalimane akhumbula unya olwenziwa umbuso wamaNazi.
Khonamanjalo, inqwaba ye-acuity analytical nayo isetshenziswe ku-AfD selokhu yasungulwa. Ekuqaleni komlando wayo, i-AfD yahlela ukucekelwa phansi i-CDU, kusukela ngo-1945 iqembu lendabuko laseJalimane lokulandela imithetho. Behlulekile.
Muva nje sekuphinde kwaba nezimpikiswano ezishisayo mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuvimba i-AfD. Lokhu kuvele ngenxa yokuthi i-AfD iye yahluleka kakhulu ukuyifihla Umbono weNeo-Nazi.
Kodwa-ke, okwamanje kunokuthuthuka okuxakile: ukugqama ngasikhathi sinye kanye nokujwayelekile kwe-AfD. Namuhla akusenangqondo ukucabanga isimo sezepolitiki lapho i-AfD iba yiqembu elihamba phambili ngakwesokunene sepolitiki yaseJalimane.
Ikakhulukazi ezweni elaliyi-East-Germany, lapho i-AfD iyimbangi enzima kakhulu. Ezifundeni ezisempumalanga kungase ngisho esikhundleni se-CDU ye-Conservative.
Ngo-2023, iqembu lagubha Isikhumbuzo se-10th. Kuleyo minyaka eyi-10 i-AfD yathuthela kakhulu kwesokudla se-CDU ye-Conservative CDU kanye ne-neoliberal FDP. Umsunguli we-AfD u-Alexander Gauland waqedwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nomqondo olula UBeatrice weStork, umzukulu woNgqongqoshe wezeziMali kaHitler, ubekwe eceleni kakhulu - kodwa hhayi ngenxa yesitatimende sakhe esimelela ukudutshulwa kwababaleki emingceleni yaseJalimane!
Njengoba uGauland engasekho futhi uStorch eba buthaka, i-Völkisch, okungukuthi i-Neo-Nazi, uphiko lwe-AfD luqhuba uhlelo. Uphiko lwe-AfD lweNeo-Nazi lwalusesigabeni sokuqala kuphela ngemuva kokusungulwa kwe-AfD. Ekuqaleni, ayizange idlale indima ebonakalayo iqembu.
UFührer we-AfD uyiNeo-Nazi enobuqili UBjorn Höcke owasakaza umbono wakhe wamaNazi ngaphansi kwegama lokuzakhela lona nelifihlayo elithi I-Landolf Ladig.
Ekuqaleni kwe-AfD uphiko lwakhe lweNeo-Nazi lwaluncane kakhulu ngokwenani nekhwalithi. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wakwazi ukubumba futhi awathuthukise abe yiqembu elinamandla kakhulu. Namuhla “bangamandla” abusa ngokuphelele ngaphakathi ephathini.
Selokhu kwaba nengqungquthela yaseRiesa ehlobo lika-2022, akungabazeki ukuthi uphiko lweVölkische-Neo-Nazi seluthathe ubuholi be-AfD. Amanye ama-currents amabili (ama-reactionary kanye ne-neoliberal) ayaqhubeka nokuba khona, kodwa izinsalela zawo kufanele zizithobe kumaNeo-Nazi.
Ngaphansi kwe-Neo-Nazis, noma ubani owenza izitatimende zomphakathi ubophekile ukusebenzisa amagama e-Neo-Nazi afana nalawa. Umvolkung noma ukushintshana kwabantu, kanye nokukhuthaza i-neo-fascist ideology yobunikazi bohlanga.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi amasu ozimele, sekuvele obala ukuthi ukweqisa kwe-AfD kohlangothi lwesokudla akulilimazanga leli qembu. Kunalokho, akunjalo.
Ngokungangabazeki, i-AfD iphiko olufanele kakhulu kunangaphambili futhi injalo unamandla kunanini ngaphambili. Esifundeni saseMpumalanga-Germany saseSaxony, isibonelo, i-AfD okwamanje iku-35% yokuthandwa ngabavoti.
Njengoba iphawuleka ngokuqiniswa kokuzethemba kwayo kwe-Neo-Nazi, amalungu e-AfD ngokwawo akubonile lokhu ngobuhlakani, okwandisa ukunamathela kwawo emfundisweni yeNeo-Nazi.
Akumangalisi ukuthi u-mini-Führer Björn Höcke usanda kuncoma lokho akubiza ngokuthi. "ukuhlanganiswa kwemibono yeqembu". Ngokufanelekile, ikhandidethi eliphezulu le-AfD okhethweni oluzayo lwe-EU ngoJuni 2024, UMaximilian Krah, ubiza iqembu lakhe ngokuthi “ngemuva kwe-Riesa AfD”. Bobabili bayakuvuma futhi bayakweseka ukugqama kwe-AfD.
Ukugxumela ku-Neo-Nazism njengoba isu “lombono” lisebenza kahle i-AfD - kunalokho brilliantly empeleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, impumelelo yabo ayinakubonwa ngaphandle kokungathandwa kwamanje kukahulumeni waseJalimane oqhubekayo-yemvelo-neoliberal (SPD-GREEN-FDP).
Ukuthambekela kokwehla kukahulumeni ekudumeni kuye kwasekelwa kakhulu i-consertive yaseJalimane yezindaba. Amandla ahlangene e-German Conservatism (CDU) kanye ne-corporate mass-media (Springer) ishaye kakhulu uhulumeni okhona futhi ikhuthaze i-AfD.
Iphinde yakhiqiza ukwesekwa kwabantu abaningi ku-AfD njengoba iphumelela sengathi iyona yodwa ephikisana nohulumeni.
Lokhu kwenzeke ngesikhathi esifanayo - kwakubonakala sengathi - ukujwayelekile okungenakuvinjwa kwe-AfD. I-AfD ikwazile ukuzuza ezenzweni zamanje zokungajabuli kwabantu okuthiwa yiJalimane umfelandawonye wamarobhothi. Lokhu kubonakale okhethweni lwakamuva ezifundazweni zase Hessen futhi Bavaria. Ngamanye amazwi, okwamanje kukhona izitayela ezimbalwa ezivuna i-AfD.
I-AfD yayisiqala ukubonakala njengeqembu elijwayelekile kuze kube yilapho I-Wannsee 2.0 scandal nezinhlelo zayo zokuphoqwa ukudingiswa kwezigidi. Ngokokuvota komphakathi kwakamuva, cishe u-27% wabavoti ubheka i-AfD “njengeqembu elivamile”.
Ngo-2016, lapho i-AfD isilinganisene kakhulu, yayingama-17% kuphela. Ngamanye amazwi, njengoba iqhubeka i-Neo-Nazi ngandlela-thile iya ngokuya ithathwa njenge evamile iqembu lezombangazwe.
Esinye sezizathu zokwesekwa komphakathi kwe-AfD singatholakala ekutheni leli qembu libonakala linesimilo kakhulu kunamanye amaqembu angaphandle. I-AfD yona uqobo iphindaphinda ekaHitler Ubusuku Bemimese Emide ngo-2022 usebenzele iqembu. Labo abebekade bephonsela inselelo amaNeo-Nazi e-AfD ngaphakathi abasekho. Akusekho ukuphikisana nombono we-monolithic omenyezelwe ubuholi.
Izingxabano ezimbalwa zangaphakathi ezisele azisakwazi ukungena U-Putin-ephefumulelwe udonga lwensimbi lokwesaba ezweni langaphandle. I-AfD iphinde inikeze lokho okubonakala kuyizinkinga ezihlanganisayo. Isibonelo, ithatha indawo ehlukile ku- impi e-Ukraine cishe kunawo wonke amaqembu entando yeningi aseJalimane.
Okusebenzela i-AfD ethanda uPutin yiqiniso lokuthi inani elandayo lamaJalimane licabanga ukuthi uhulumeni wobumbano waseJalimane wenza imizamo embalwa kakhulu yokuqeda. impi uPutin afuna ukuyandisa ukuze kubuyiselwe yonke indawo yaseRussia “elahlekile”.
Like the I-All-Russian Political Party "United Russia", lo I-AfD isalokhu inobuzwe. Futhi kuyahlomula nawukuthi amazwi agxeka uhulumeni wamanje waseJalimane athole izethameli ngaphakathi kwe-AfD.
Muva nje, i-AfD iphinde yathola ukwesekwa yi-CDU yaseJalimane elandelanayo. Okungaqapheli ama-Conservative aseJalimane ukuthi abasizi ngokuthatha izindaba nezihloko ezihlobene ne-AfD. Umphumela uba ukuthi i-Conservative CDU/CSU ezimile kumavoti omphakathi.
Ikakhulukazi ngokuthatha udaba lwe-AfD lokufuduka, ukwesekwa okungaqondile kweCDU kushukumise iJalimane. Iwindi le-Overton kwezombusazwe kwesokudla. Ngamanye amazwi, i-AfD ivuna imbewu yalokho okutshalwa yi-CDU/CSU.
I-AfD iphinde yenza sengathi izomelana nosozigidigidi i-capitalism eyingozi. Lokhu akuyona into entsha mayelana nezepolitiki “ihholo lezibuko” amasu. Ngokomlando, iqembu lamaNazi laseJalimane ngeminyaka yawo-1930, lazibiza ngokuthi “i-socialist” njengokuthi “kuZwelonke. Socialist I-German Workers' Party” (NSDAP).
Inkohliso edalwe ngamagama “i-socialist” kanye “nezisebenzi” ibe nomphumela owawufisa futhi yaheha labo ababethintwe ukungakwazi kwamaqembu angakwesokunxele angaleso sikhathi ukuhlangana ngokumelene nelungelo lobufascist.
Lapho i-NSDAP isiqala ukubusa, izinkulungwane zabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle bangempela bashaywa, bahlukunyezwa, futhi babulawa ngenkathi ama-oligarchs ase-capitalist aseJalimane kanye i-business elite yathuthuka.
Njengama-1930s, ngakho-ke ngekhulu lama-21: i-AfD ishade nombono oqinile we-neoliberal. Isibonelo, i-AfD iphikisana nanoma yikuphi ukukhushulwa kwentela kwabacebile. Sekukonke nokho, i-AfD isalokhu ibizwa kanjalo iphathi yokukhishwa okukodwa. Indaba eyisinkwa sabo nebhotela ukufuduka.
Lokhu kudlala kahle ekwesabeni konxiwankulu baseJalimane abaphakathi. Kulabo abanokuthambekela kophiko lwesokudla, umbuzo awukho kangako ukuthi izinqubomgomo zezenhlalo nezomnotho zizobathinta kanjani futhi kanjani. Impendulo elula kuyo yonke imibuzo ithi: ukufuduka.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-AfD isebenzisa ukungavikeleki ngempumelelo enkulu ekuziphatheni kwayo ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa ngokumemeza Amanga Amakhulu abonisa imicabango yabo ehlukunyezwayo: “Abafuduki bayongena esikhundleni sami, thatha umsebenzi wami, thatha indlu yami, thatha imoto yami…."
Ukuzigxeka kuqukethe inkolelo yokungakwazi ukunqoba okuthize – ngisho into encane. Ngokungafani neminyaka yawo-1920, lokhu akuhlangene nakho ukwazi kwekilasi. Esikhundleni salokho, kuhlobene kakhulu nokucwaswa kwabokufika futhi - njengoba kuvame kakhulu eJalimane - ukuqaphela uhlanga.
Khonamanjalo, akukacaci ukuthi abantu abaningi eJalimane baya ngakwesokunene noma cha, uma kuqhathaniswa, ake sithi, eminyakeni embalwa edlule. IJalimane elibaluleke kakhulu futhi lakamuva kakhulu Izifundo ze-Mitte isekela lesi siphetho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izinhlolovo phikisa okutholwe nguMitte.
Inkinga yamaqembu athanda intando yeningi ukuthi impumelelo yokhetho yakamuva ye i-AfD kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona ukwesekwa okukhulayo kweqembu elikude laseJalimane.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso cishe yonke indawo, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni esempumalanga yeJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AfD ihlala iqinile ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi futhi iya ngokuya ikhula phakathi abavoti abasebasha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lohlamvu lwemali, abahola impesheni baseJalimane abafuni ukweseka i-AfD.
Umuntu angaze athi uma abantu abaneminyaka esukela kwengama-60 kuye kwengama-70 abathola izinkokhelo zanyanga zonke kuhulumeni wobumbano bangasekela i-AfD, iningi eliphelele i-AfD kakade ibingafinyeleleka kwezinye izifundazwe zaseMpumalanga Jalimane.
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze esizayo imibuthano emikhulu ngokumelene i-AfD izokhombisa ukuthi ukukhula okubonakala kungenakuvinjwa yini noma cha i-AfD ekugcineni imisiwe. Okhethweni oluthathu oluzayo – lwephalamende le-EU ngoJuni kanye nase izifunda ezintathu zaseMpumalanga-Germany yaseSaxony, Brandenburg naseThuringia ngokuhamba kwesikhathi onyakeni - izophinde ibe yizinkomba ezibalulekile zokwanda (un) ukuduma i-AfD.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela