Abaphathi be-Billionaire hedge fund bamemile E-Puerto Rico ukudiliza othisha nokuvala izikole ukuze isiqhingi sibakhokhele izigidigidi esizikweletayo.
Izimali zothango zabiza iPuerto Rico ukuthi igweme ukwehluleka kwezimali - futhi ibuyisele izikweletu zayo - ngokuqoqa izintela ezengeziwe, ukuthengisa izakhiwo zomphakathi ezibiza u-$4bn nokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi emfundweni.
Iqembu le-34 hedge funds laqasha osomnotho bangaphambili be-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ukuthi baqhamuke nesixazululo enkingeni yezikweletu zasePuerto Rico ngemuva kokuthi umbusi walesi siqhingi ememezele isikweletu saso esingu-$72bn โesingakhokhekiโ - sivula indlela yokuqothuka.
Lezi zimali zingochwepheshe โbezikweletu ezikhungathekileโ, ezaziwa nangokuthi izikhwama zamanqe, futhi abaningana baye bafuna ukwenza imali ngenxa yezinkinga zaseGreece nase-Argentina, ukuwa kweLehman Brothers kanye nokuwa kwe-Co-op Bank e-UK.
Umbiko, enesihloko esithi For Puerto Rico, There is a Better Way, yathi iPuerto Rico ingazisindisa ekuziphatheni uma ithuthukisa ukuqoqwa kwentela futhi inciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi.
Isole lesi siqhingi, lapho u-56% wezingane ezidla imbuya ngothi, usebenzisa imali eningi emfundweni yize uhulumeni esevale izikole ezibalelwa ku-100 kulo nyaka.
Umbiko, kaJose Fajgenbaum, uJorge Guzmรกn kanye noClaudio Loser - bonke ababengosomnotho be-IMF asebesebenzela iCentennial Group, uthe iPuerto Rico inyuse ukusetshenziswa kwemfundo ngo-$1.4bn kule minyaka eyishumi edlule kanti ukubhaliswa kwehle cishe ngo-25% njengoba bengamakhulu ezinkulungwane. imikhaya yabalekela ezweni lase-United States ngomzamo wokubalekela ubumpofu.
IPuerto Rico inakho ngenkuthalo courted osozigidigidi kanye nabatshalizimali be-hedge fund njengoba izabalaze nezikweletu zayo ezikhulayo. Idayise izigidi zezikweletu ezikhwameni zamanqe ngonyaka odlule.
UFajgenbaum utshele i-Guardian ukuthi uhulumeni wasePuerto Rico "usebenzise imali eningi kakhulu kwezemfundo". Uthe ukusetshenziswa kwemali kunyuke ngo-39% kwafinyelela ku-$4.8bn kule minyaka eyishumi edlule kanti inani lababekhona lehle lisuka kwabangaphezu kuka-765,000 laya ku-573,000.
Wenqabile ukusho ukuthi uhulumeni kumele anciphise kangakanani ukusetshenziswa kwemali, kodwa wathi: โIzindleko zangempela ngomfundi ngamunye zinyuke kakhulu ngaphandle kokwenyusa izinga lemfundo. Kukahulumeni ukuthi anqume [imali ezonciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali], kodwa awufuni ukusaphaza izinsiza zikahulumeni. Kufanele kube nokusebenza kahle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusungula isikhundla sokukhula. โ
Imali esetshenziswayo njengamanje kwezemfundo yasePuerto Rico ifinyelela ku-$8,400 ngomfundi ngamunye, ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke sase-US sika-$10,667.
UVรญctor Suรกrez, isikhulu sezisebenzi kumbusi wasePuerto Rico u-Alejandro Garcรญa Padilla, wathi: โIqiniso elimsulwa liwukuthi ukubamba ngokweqile [kukodwa] akusona isixazululo esisebenzisekayo emnothweni kakade osuguqe ngamadolo.โ
U-Luis Gallardo, iningi lesishayamthetho sikamasipala e-Aguas Buenas, uthe umbiko ogunyazwe yi-hedge fund "imvamisa uyindlela ye-IMF yokuqiniswa ngokweqile".
โBahlongoza ukudilizwa kothisha, bancishiswe emfundweni ephakeme nemihlomulo yezempilo, kunyuswe nentela. Lezi ziphakamiso zibe yinhlekelele eLatin America futhi kungaba njalo ePuerto Rico. Impela, iPuerto Rico ingasikhokha isikweletu sayo, kodwa ngaziphi izindleko? Sizisika ngokoqobo izitho zethu ukuze sihlale sintanta.
โUhulumeni wasePuerto Rican usevale izikole ezicishe zibe yi-100 kulo nyaka futhi walungisa ezinye ezingama-500, kanti futhi usevale ezingama-60 ngonyaka owedlule. Anginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi yini enye abayilindele. Uma belindele ukuthi sidilize othisha noma sinciphise amaholo asebevele ephansi, baphambene.
"Laba bafana badinga ukuzipholela banikeze iPuerto Rico indawo yokuphefumula."
UGallardo uthe kuyashaqisa ukuthi i-hedge funds "ilindele othisha, abafundi nabasebenzi ukuthi babambe iqhaza, futhi abazimisele ukuzibamba".
Umbiko we-hedge fund-commission uza ngemuva kokuthi lowo owayeyisikhulu se-IMF u-Anne Krueger esho umbiko othunyelwe uhulumeni wasePuerto Rican, ukuthi inkinga yesiqhingi ingaxazululeka kodwa kuphela uma abanikazi bezibopho, kuhlanganise ne-hedge funds, bamukele ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezikweletu ezibalulekile.
Lezi zimali, ezihlanganisa i-Fir Tree Partners ezinze eNew York, i-Davidson Kempner Capital Management kanye ne-Aurelius Capital, zaziwa nge-Ad Hoc Group yasePuerto Rico futhi ziphethe amabhondi asePuerto Rico angama-$5.2bn.
I-Fir Tree Partners, eqanjwe ngomsunguli wayo wezigidigidi uJeff Tannenbaum (okusho isihlahla somkhiwane ngesiJalimane), yenze imali eningi ngokubheja ezibambiso zezikweletu eziyinkimbinkimbi enkingeni yezezimali yango-2008, kanye nezinkinga zezikweletu zaseGreece nase-Argentina.
I-Aurelius Capital, eqhutshwa ngusozigidi uMark Brodsky, yamangalela i-Argentina ngokukhokhwa kwezikweletu futhi yaphoqa i-Co-op ukuthi ilahle ukulawula ibhange layo elinenkinga. Le nkampani futhi yayingomunye wabatshalizimali ekuqaleni ababephikisana nezinhlelo zokuqothuka kweDetroit.
U-Fajgenbaum no-Loser bathi i-hedge funds ayizange ibe nomthelela kulokho okuqukethwe umbiko wabo, futhi banqabile ukusho ukuthi yimalini abayikhokhelwe ngomsebenzi wabo.
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Nikela