Awa, ti a ko forukọsilẹ, jẹ awọn ajafitafita ti nlọsiwaju ti o ti jẹ apakan ti idasi AMẸRIKA ati awọn agbeka iṣọkan ti o ṣe atilẹyin Iyika Sandinista ti o bẹrẹ ni awọn ọdun 1970. Ọ̀pọ̀ nínú wa ló ń gbé, a sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní Nicaragua tàbí kí a ṣèbẹ̀wò gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn aṣojú àgbáyé àti ẹgbẹ́ ológun iṣẹ́ láàárín 1979 sí 1990.
A gbagbọ nigbana, ati pe a tẹsiwaju lati gbagbọ ni bayi, ninu ẹtọ awọn eniyan Nicaragua lati ṣe ipinnu ara-ẹni. Bibẹrẹ ijọba ijọba Somoza ati kikọ awujọ tuntun jẹ awọn iṣe ti awọn eniyan ọba ti n pinnu ipin tiwọn.
A lọ si Nicaragua lati ṣe atilẹyin awọn akikanju ati awọn akitiyan ọlọla ti awọn eniyan Nicaragua lati tun orilẹ-ede wọn kọ si ọkan ti idajọ ododo, dọgbadọgba ati tiwantiwa.
A tún lọ jẹ́rìí, a sì ń tako àwọn ìwà tí kò bófin mu àti ìwà pálapàla tí ìjọba tiwa fúnra wa ṣe, èyí tó ta ko ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn ará Nicaragua láti ṣe ìpinnu ara ẹni. Ijọba AMẸRIKA ṣeto, ṣe inawo, ṣe itọsọna ati aabo fun ọmọ ogun ilodi si ti o pa ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn ara ilu, sun awọn ile-iwe, awọn ile-iwosan ilera ati awọn oko, ati ipaniyan ìfọkànsí ti awọn olukọ, awọn dokita, ati awọn onimọ-ogbin. Ọkan ninu awọn olufaragba contra ti AMẸRIKA ṣe atilẹyin ni ẹlẹgbẹ wa, ẹlẹrọ Benjamin Linder, ti a pa ni Oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 1987 pẹlu awọn alabaṣiṣẹpọ rẹ Nicaragua Sergio Hernandez ati Pablo Rosales lakoko ti wọn n kọ idido omi ina ni ariwa Nicaragua.
A mọ daradara - ati ikorira - gigun, itan itiju ti idasi ijọba AMẸRIKA ni Nicaragua ati ọpọlọpọ awọn orilẹ-ede miiran ni Latin America.
Sibẹsibẹ, awọn odaran ti ijọba AMẸRIKA - ti o ti kọja ati lọwọlọwọ - kii ṣe idi ti, tabi ṣe idalare tabi awawi, awọn odaran si ẹda eniyan ti ijọba lọwọlọwọ ti Daniel Ortega ati Rosario Murillo ṣe.
Ni ọdun mẹwa to kọja ati idaji, a ti ni irẹwẹsi pupọ lati rii bi Daniel Ortega ati Rosario Murillo ti ṣe idapọ ijọba idile ijọba ijọba kan ti pinnu lati duro ni agbara ju gbogbo ohun miiran lọ. A ti yà wa lẹ́nu nípa ìfojúsùn àwọn àjọ obìnrin, àwọn oníròyìn òmìnira, àti àwọn onímọ̀ àyíká àti àwọn agbègbè ìbílẹ̀ tí wọ́n ń tako kíkọ́ ọ̀nà àbájáde náà. Ṣiṣakoso gbogbo awọn ẹka ti ijọba, a ti rii bii ijọba naa ti ṣe iṣelu awọn ile-iṣẹ ti gbogbo eniyan ati pe o bajẹ ofin ofin.
Ni ọdun 2018, a wo awọn atako awujọ “autoconvocado” nla ti o bu jade. A ri
àràádọ́ta ọ̀kẹ́ àwọn ará Nicaragua ń lọ sí òpópónà. Yi lowo itujade je ko
- ati pe ko le jẹ - abajade idasi AMẸRIKA. Ó jẹ́ àfihàn ìpinnu ara-ẹni, ti àwọn ará Nicaragua tí wọ́n ń ronú fúnra wọn tí wọ́n sì ń gbé ìgbésẹ̀ fún ara wọn.
Ìdáhùn aṣekúpani tí ìjọba Ortega-Murillo ṣe sí àwọn ìfohùnṣọ̀kan wọ̀nyẹn yà wá lẹ́nu, ó sì kó wa jìnnìjìnnì bá wa, àti sí ìpayà ìṣèlú tí ó túbọ̀ ń pọ̀ sí i ti àwùjọ àwọn aráàlú àti rírú àwọn ẹ̀tọ́ ènìyàn àti ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn ènìyàn Nicaragua.
Ati ni bayi, lakoko awọn ọsẹ ati awọn ọjọ diẹ to kẹhin, a binu nipasẹ awọn ọgbọn tuntun lati tii gbogbo atako. A binu nipa imuni ati atimọle ti awọn oludije alatako olokiki marun ti o ni anfani ninu eto idibo Oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2021, paapaa ti a ko ba gba pẹlu awọn ipo iṣelu wọn. A binu nipasẹ imuni ati atimọle ti awujọ araalu ati awọn ajafitafita ati awọn oludari alatako. Ati pe a binu nipasẹ imuni ati atimọle ti awọn onigbagbọ itan-akọọlẹ Dora María Téllez, Hugo Torres ati Victor Hugo
Tinoco.
Paapaa ni giga ti ogun contra ti AMẸRIKA si Nicaragua, ijọba rogbodiyan bọwọ fun ati daabobo ẹtọ awọn oludije alatako lati ṣiṣẹ ni awọn idibo ọfẹ ati ododo. Lọ́dún 1990, ó yà wá lẹ́nu, ó sì kó ẹ̀dùn ọkàn bá wa nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun àwọn Sandinistas nínú ìdìbò, ṣùgbọ́n ìyípadà àlàáfíà tún wú wa lórí, ìyẹn àmì pé ìjọba tiwa-n-tiwa ń ṣiṣẹ́.
Ijọba Ortega-Murillo ni ọna kii ṣe aṣoju awọn iye, awọn ipilẹ ati awọn ibi-afẹde ti Iyika Sandinista ti a nifẹ si tẹlẹ, ati pe o jẹ iranti awọn mewa ti ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn ara ilu Nicaragua ti o ku fun Nicaragua tiwantiwa nibiti awọn eniyan rẹ ti yan larọwọto ati ni ẹtọ ti o yẹ ki o ṣe itọsọna. wọn.
Fun awọn idi wọnyi, ati bi atako-idasi, awọn oṣiṣẹ isokan ti ilọsiwaju, a pe si ijọba Ortega-Murillo lati:
Tu silẹ diẹ sii ju awọn ẹlẹwọn oloselu 130 ti o wa ni idaduro lọwọlọwọ, pẹlu awọn oludije ṣaaju, awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti alatako, ati awọn oludari itan ti Iyika Sandinista;
Fagilee ki o si sọ di ofo ni ofin aabo orilẹ-ede draconian labẹ eyiti a mu awọn ẹni-kọọkan wọnyi; ati
Ṣe adehun awọn atunṣe idibo ti yoo rii daju pe awọn idibo ọfẹ ati ododo ti o jẹ ki awọn oludije ti o wa ni idaduro lọwọlọwọ lati ṣiṣẹ, ati pe a ṣe akiyesi agbaye.
Wole:
Alice Walker, onkqwe
Daniel Ellsberg, Pentagon Papers whistleblower ati alaafia alapon
Holly Nitosi, akọrin akọrin
Margaret Randall, onkqwe, Olugbe ni Nicaragua 1979-1984
Noam Chomsky, Ojogbon, U of Arizona / MIT
Adrianne Aron, Awọn Oṣiṣẹ Ilera Ọpọlọ ni Iṣọkan pẹlu Nicaragua, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America
Agnes Black, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia 1987-1989
Åke Svensson, Iṣẹ idagbasoke
Alan Cugliani
Alicia Fernandez, New Haven CISPES & Nicaragua solidarity 1980-1985
Alicia González
Amanda Newstetter, atilẹyin fun Gbajumo Education Collective lati Dena HIV/AIDS
Amy Grunder, Central America Solidarity Association, Cambridge, MA -1984-1989
Andrea Buffa, Iyọọda 1985
Andrés Thomas Conteris, Oludasile tiwantiwa Bayi! en Español, Awọn Ogbo Yara fun Igbesi aye
Andrew Berman, Ogbo fun Alaafia, Tecnica iyọọda, Chicago Nicaragua Solidarity Committee
Andrew Courtney, WESPAC Foundation, Niu Yoki / Nicaragua Construction Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun
Andy Nash, Olugbe ni Managua 1980
Angela Bartels
Angeles J. Acosta Rodriguez, Brigada Eugenio Maria de Hostos
Anita Levy, San Diego Teachers Brigade si Tipitapa 1986
Anki Sundelin, Diakonia ise agbese 1980-1982
Ann Ferguson, Olukọ ati Oṣiṣẹ fun Alaafia ni Central America, Iranlọwọ Feminist si Central America, Igbimọ Solidarity Latin America ti Western Massachusetts
Ann Niederkorn, Ògo ti Resistance
Ann Nihlen
Ann Philbin, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun Ikọle Vecino, Esteli, Nicaragua, 1985; Ile-iwe Ede NICA, Esteli 1987- 1991
Ann Schnake, Ala Farm Commons, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America, Ilu Arabinrin Esteli
Anne Macpherson, SUNY Brockport, Architects ati Planners fun Nicaragua 1988, MINSA.
Anne Perkins, Brigada Companeros, Condega, Esteli
Anthony Keller
Antonio Torres , Central America Action Committee, Sakaramento Action Latin America
Aura Lila Beteta, Olukọni Gbogbogbo ti Nicaragua tẹlẹ ni San Francisco, Alakoso ti Consuls ni New Orlean, Miami, Los Angeles, Seattle, Tijuana. Bayi ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti Igbimọ Ọlá ti UNAMOS
Barbara Atkinson, Tecnica 1984, Terrasol 1987-2003
Barbara Byers
Barbara Johnson
Barbara Myers
Barbara S Wenger, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia 1988-1989
Barbara Stahler-Sholk, olugbe 1984-1989. Onitumọ fun El Nuevo Diario ati Barricada Internacional, CUSCLIN, National Art Museum
Barbara Wigginton, olugbe 1985-86, Tecnica. Fiimu “Ipapadabọ nipasẹ Ogun.”
Barry Ingber, Kofi Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun, Matagalpa, Central America Solidarity Association, Cambridge, MA, Ògo ti Resistance
Beatrix Gates
Belinda Resiliencia
Bernardine Dohrn
Beth Stephens, Ile-iwe Ofin Rutgers, Igbimọ Orilẹ-ede Nicaragua fun Igbega ati Idaabobo Awọn Eto Eda Eniyan, 1983-1989
Betsy Cohn, Oludari, Central American Historical Institute 1982-1988
Bette Steinmuller, Ile-iwe Ede NICA 1984-85, Ijoba ti Ẹkọ 1985-1987
Betty Purcell, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun kofi, Matagalpa 1986
Beverly Treumann, Brigadista Campaign Literacy in San Rafael del Norte 1980, NICA Language School, Esteli, 1982-1989
Bill Bigelow, Awọn ile-iwe Atunyẹwo, Igbimọ Iṣọkan ti Portland Central America, Igbimọ Awọn olukọ lori Central America, Nẹtiwọọki ti Awọn igbimọ Awọn olukọni lori Central America
Bill Hofmann, oluyọọda Tecnica, 1986
Bill Horne, ENAP 1985-86
Bill Jetton, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun Ikọle Agbegbe Bay 1985, Tecnica, Esteli 1987
Bob O dara
Bob Peterson, Alakoso ti Igbimọ Ẹkọ Milwaukee
Bobbie Camacho, Awọn ọrẹ ti Aṣa Nicaragua 1983-89; Alafia ati Solidarity Alliance 1983-90, Rainbow Coalition
Bonnie Shepard
Bonnie Tenneriello, Kofi Brigade, 1985. Central America egbe ni Washington Office lori Latin American 1987-1993
Bradford Barham, Stanford Central America Action Network 1981-87, Igbimọ Alakoso Wisconsin lori Nicaragua
Brady Torres, Central American Action Committee, Sakaramento Action Latin America
Brian Folkins-Amador, Iṣẹ ọna fun Awọn aṣoju Nicaragua Tuntun 1984 & 1986
Bruce G. Trigg, Dókítà, NY Onisegun Coalition, Democratic Socialists of America
Bruce Gardiner, Solar Roots, Bay Area Construction Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun, Acoyapa1988
Camille Kerpen, Awọn ayaworan ile & Awọn oluṣeto ni Iṣọkan pẹlu Nicaragua
Carl Smool, CANTO, Seattle
Carmen Diana Deere, Yunifasiti ti Florida, CIERA 1980-85, PACCA 1981-89
Carol “Kelley” Ṣetan, Ile-iwe Ede NICA, Estelí 1985, Awọn eniyan Dorchester fun Alaafia
Carol Gomez-Robelo
Carol Masters
Carol Parkinson, Ministry of Agriculture 1987-1988
Carol R. Soto
Carol Ungar, Nicaragua Exchange Awọn Brigades Ọganaisa ati Tecnica Ọganaisa 1983-1986
Carole Raimondi
Caroline Unzaga
Carrie Parker, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia, 1985-1990
Catherine DeLorey, Ile-iṣẹ Ilera ti Awọn Obirin, CHRICA
Catherine R Cusic, Oludari NICCA-San Francisco, onimọran si MINSA
Catherine Rielly, Ojogbon International Community Economic Development
Cathy Cockrell , NICA ede ile-iwe 1987; Igbimọ Olootu, Iwe irohin Awọn Irisi Nicaragua 1987-89
Cedar Sigo
Charles Frederick
Charlotte Buchen Khadra, Camerawoman, American / Sandinista alaworan fiimu
Chellis Glendinning
Chris Rhinehart, Jalapa Nicaragua 1985, Seattle-Managua Arabinrin Irin ajo 1985, NicaTech 1984-1990, Ikole Brigade 1987, Ben Linder UW Engineering Sikolashipu Board
Chris Tilly, Ọjọgbọn ti Eto Eto Ilu UCLA, APSNICA, Ilera ti Resistance 1987-1990
Christopher Pforr, Awọn alabaṣiṣẹpọ fun Ilera 1994-2021, Amigos de Si a La Vida 1990-2020
Claire Kujundzic, Vancouver Solidarity Committee, Stamp designat TELCOR 1985-86; Awọn irinṣẹ fun Alaafia.
Claire Stone, Nicaragua Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun
Claire Trepanier, NICA Language ile-iwe, SF solidarity
Ọ̀wọ̀ Dókítà Clyde Kuemmerle, Àwọn Iṣẹ́ Òjíṣẹ́ Oníwàásù ti New York
Colin MacAdam
Colleen Leahy Hawkins, ile-iwe ede NICA 1987
Cornelia Butler Flor, Iowa State University
Cort Youngen Greene, Nicaragua Solidarity Coalition 1980-1987
Cynthia A Peters, Vanguardia Olootu
Cynthia Anderson Barker, National Lawyers Guild, Casa Nicaragüense de Español 1982, Office of the Americas assigns, ikole brigade 1989, kofi brigade 1989
Dalia Llera
Dan La Botz, Alakoso Olootu Tuntun Iselu, aṣoju ipese iṣoogun 1984
Dan Moriarty
Dan Nord Tecnica iyọọda 1985, atilẹyin fun Ben Linder fun Cua-Bocay micro-hydro project 100.Dan Wohlfeiler, US Solidarity: Associate Producer, "Faces of War" 1985, Health Educator, Nicaragua
Eto Alaye Eedi, ọdun 1987
Daniel Erdman, Ṣọọṣi Presbyterian (USA) awọn alufaa ti fẹhinti lẹnu iṣẹ, Acción Permanente Cristiana por la Paz/Witness for Peace, ibugbe Nicaragua 1985-1989,
Daniel Moss, Kofi picker ni Esteli
Danielle Yariv, Oludari ti Ile-iṣẹ Kọmputa, Agbegbe I, Las Segovias, Ijoba ti Ogbin ati Atunṣe Agrarian
Danny Poste, Internationalism lati isalẹ & Democratic Socialists of America (DSA)
Darien De Lu, Alakoso, Abala AMẸRIKA, Ajumọṣe Kariaye ti Awọn Obirin fun Alaafia ati Ominira, Ẹgbẹ Kofi, Awọn ọdun 1980, Ilera Sacramento ti Resistance, 1984-1990s Iṣọkan AMẸRIKA: Igbimọ Action Central America, Sacramento, California, 1991-2010 US Solidarity: Sacramento fun Latin America, Sakaramento, California
Daryl T Williams, Kofi Brigades, 1984,1985, 1986
Dave Anderson, Awọn Awujọ Democratic ti Amẹrika, alakitiyan ẹgbẹ iṣaaju pẹlu AFSCME ati ColoradoWINS (ti fẹyìntì)
Dave Lippman, Ti o ṣe ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ere orin iṣọkan ni ọpọlọpọ awọn orilẹ-ede 109.David Creighton, Oludari Eto Tecnica
110.David G Legge, La Trobe University, Australian solidarity ronu 111.David Hutchinson
112.David Jackson 113.David Kunzle
114.David L. Wilson, awọn aṣoju Tecnica, 1985 ati 1987; Nicaragua Solidarity Network, NY, 1985-2004 115.David Marshall, APNICA
116.David Parkhurst, Nicaraguan Windmill Tunṣe Project, San Juan del Sur, 1985-1990 117.Dean Stevens, Awọn ošere fun New Nicaragua, Henniker San Ramon Arabinrin City 118.Deborah Billings, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia, LASA
Deborah Eade, Ilived ati ṣiṣẹ ni Mexico ati Central America 1982–1991, ni pataki pẹlu awọn asasala ati awọn ajọ olokiki.
Deborah J Menkart, Ẹkọ fun Iyipada
Deborah Ruskay, Estelí Heroíca, NICA Èdè School, 1987
Debra Winski, Casa Nicaraguense de Español, Office of the Americas, Nicaraguan Agbofinro ni Los Angeles, olugbe 1989-1991 Redio Venceremos,
Demetria L Martinez, olorin
Denise Dickinson, “Oṣiṣẹ Tecnica, ọfiisi Berkeley (1986-1987) ati ọfiisi Managua (1987-1989) 125.Dennis L Lombardi, Awọn brigades ikole, 1984-90
126.Diana Bohn, Ile-iṣẹ Nicaragua fun Iṣe Agbegbe- NICCA 127.Diana McDuffee, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia
Dianne Feeley, UAW Local 235 (ret) & olootu, Lodi si lọwọlọwọ, Brigade gbingbin igi, Managua, 1984
Dina Redman
Don Macleay, olukọni imọ-ẹrọ, Leon, Sebaco, Cua, 1981-1987
Donna Canali, Owu Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun 1980, Nicaragua Construction Brigade US odo solidarity tour, Nicaragua Alaye Center, SF Gays ati Ọkọnrin obinrin fun awọn Nicaragua Revolution
Donna Casali 133.Donna Jane Weinson
134.Donna Rich Kaplowitz, University of Michigan 135.Donna Vuklich, solidarity ati support 1984-1999
136.Doris B Burford, RN, Boston Medical Center, ilera solidarity 1988-2000. 137.Doug Rippey, National Lawyers Guild, Peoples ' Marching Band
138.Douglas E Ashford, Cooper Union, NY Awọn ošere Pe Lodi si US Intervention ni Central America 139.Dov Osheroff, Brigada Lincoln de Construccion, Camopa,1985.
Dr. Katherine Isbester, Olukọni ni Jalapa 1986, kofi picker 1985, kowe iwe lori Nicaragua obirin ronu bi daradara bi afonifoji ìwé.
Elaine Elinson, Oludasile ati Alakoso Awọn ọrẹ ti Aṣa Nicaragua. O mu ọpọlọpọ awọn aṣoju lọ si Nicaragua
Elaine Myrianthopoulos, NYC Nicaragua Solidarity Group 1982-88 New York Construction Brigade 1987
Elena Alexander, Awọn oṣere Pe Lodi si Idasi Ilu Amẹrika ni Central America. 144.Elena Holly Klaver Niwot
145.Elizabeth Hutchison, University of New Mexico, NICA Language School, 1984-1985 146.Elizabeth Lapovsky
Elizabeth Sapanai, Arabinrin Ilu/awọn brigades ikole si Condega 1980-1993
Ellen Gavin, Olugbe 1989-1990, Victoria Mercado LGBT Brigade 1984-86, San Francisco Mime Troupe irin ajo lọ si Nicaragua 1987, aṣoju AIDS 1987, Iyọọda ni ASTC 1987
Ellen Moore, La Clínica De La Raza, Olugbe 1984-86, Agencia Nueva Nicaragua 150.Ellen Weiss Ojogbon, School of Nutrition, Central American University, 1985-87 151.Elli Meeropol
Emily Goldfarb
Emily J Yozell, National Lawyers Guild 154.Eric L Doub,
Erica Mutambaie
Eva Zetterberg, aṣoju Swedish tẹlẹ si Nicaragua
Fiona Crawford, Nọọsi Iyọọda, Ile-iwosan Gaspar Garcia Laviana, Rivas, Iranlọwọ Iṣoogun Scotland si Nicaragua, 1986-1989
Fionnuala Rogerson, Irish Nicaragua Solidarity Group
Fran Loberg, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún Àlàáfíà, Ìjọ Presbyterian USA 1986 160.Frank Duhl, Aṣojú Ìṣọ̀kan ní 1990
Fred Colgan, APSNICA ni AMẸRIKA ati Nic
Gail Daneker, Ipolongo fun Alaafia ati tiwantiwa
Gail Sullivan, Awọn ayaworan ile ati Awọn oluṣeto ni Atilẹyin ti Nicaragua, 1987-1988 164.Gar Smith, Awọn Ayika Lodi si Ogun, Oluwoye Idibo 1984 165.Garrett Brown, Awọn oṣiṣẹ Ile-iwe Ede NICA, Esteli 1984-88
166.Gary L Culp, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia 167.Gary Schoofs
Gayla Ellis
Gayle Cribb, Isokan AMẸRIKA: Igbimọ Iṣe Aarin Sacramento Central American 1981-1988, Olugbe 1984-1985 CUSCLIN
Genevieve Howe, Onitumọ Ile-ẹjọ Ilu Sipeeni ti a fọwọsi, Casa Benjamin Linder ati APSNICA 1989-1991 171.Geoffroy de Laforcade
172.Gerard Bradley 173.Gina Alvarado 174.Gloria Ṣi
Glory Wicklund, Awọn ayaworan ile ati Awọn oluṣeto ni Iṣọkan pẹlu Nicaragua 1981/1982
Helen S. Cohen, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun Kofi 1983, Aṣoju Iṣowo Iṣowo 1985, Ẹgbẹ Ikole ati idagbasoke ifowosowopo Puerto Cabezas 1987-1988
Hilary Ruth Stern, Ile-iwe Ede NICA1 985-1986 Ijoba ti Ẹkọ, Bluefields, 1986-1987, Casa Latina-Seattle
Holly Reed, Olukọni, Maestros por la Paz1987 179. Howie Schneider, Brigadista
180.Isobel O'Duffy, Irish Nicaragua Support Group 1990-1991, brigades ati asoju Alakoso
181.JK Wilson-Synar, Alaafia ni Central America Construction brigade ni Bilwi 182.Jack Kloppenburg, Open Source Seed Initiative
183.Jacqueline Smith 184.James Dickert
James Krieger, University of Washington, Ministry of Health iyọọda 1983-84
James P. O'Brien, Awọn onitan fun Alaafia ati Ijọba tiwantiwa Iṣọkan AMẸRIKA: Aarin Amẹrika Solidarity Ass'n,
Cambridge, Ọdun 1983-1995
Jane Guskin, Nicaragua Solidarity Network of Greater NY, 1990-2004; Ile-iṣẹ Alaye Nicaragua, Agbegbe SF Bay, 1988-89; Nicaragua Network ikole brigade, Matagalpa, 1989
Jane McDonald, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Amẹrika, 1989-94 189.Jane Norling
Jane Stein, Tecnica Volunteer 1983-1988, Chapel Hill-San Jorge Arabinrin Ilu, Chapel Hill-Carrboro CITCA 1980-bayi
Janet Raphaelson “Brigada Compañeras, Condega, 1987-88 192. Janet Zandy
Jeff Edmundson Portland Central America Solidarity – 1980-1990; Olukọ-onkọwe ti iwe iwe-ẹkọ lori Nicaragua 1989
Jeff Hart, Iyọọda pẹlu Tecnica, Managua, 1985-1986, Ben Linder Electrification Projects, El Cua, Bocay, 1985-1989, Portland-Corinto Arabinrin Project Project, Corinto, 1986
Jeffrey Gould, Indiana University, Oluwadi pẹlu INIES / igbe
Jeffrey Skoller, Ojogbon ti Film Studies UC Berkeley, XChange TV- NYC / Managua 1983-1991. 197.Jerry B Atkin, Center fun Ṣiṣẹ Life
Jill Hamberg, aṣoju APSNICA, 1986.
Jill Marshall, Maryknoll ihinrere, Managua 1986-1992
Rev Jim Burklo, United Church of Christ, Sr Assoc Dean, Ẹsin ati Igbesi aye Ẹmi, USC
Jo Ellen Brainin Rodrguez MD, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Amẹrika, US-Nicaragua Health Colloquia
Joan Smith, Managua 1987-1995 203.Joan Weisman
204.Joan Wilentz 205.Joe Bryan 206.Joe Eldridge 207.Joe Fahey
208.Joe Gannon, Olukọni ati aramada, onise iroyin tẹlẹ ni Nica 209.Joel Lefkowitz, CISPES, 1981-5, NACLA 1986-7, CCR 1988-9
210.Joel McGlynn 211.Johanna Cummings
212.John Dear, director, BeatitudesCenter.org, Jesuits, ooru 1985; Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia, 1986 213.John Parnell, Nicaragua Technical Aid Group/NicaTech, Seattle 1985-87, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia ni
Nicaragua, Iyọọda igba pipẹ, 1987-88
John Roark, San Carlos Foundation 1986-92, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America 1986-93, North America-Nicaragua Colloquium lori Ilera, 1986-88, San Jose de Bocay Project 1987-92, East Bay Sanctuary Covenant 1983-87
Jon Forster, Agbegbe 375/DC37/AFSCME, Ile-iwe NICA ni 1987.
Jon Jonaki, Onimọ-ọrọ-ọrọ / oniwadi, Sakaani ti Iṣowo Agricultural, UNAN, 217.Jonathan Buchsbaum, College Queens, CUNY Universidad Centroamericana, Managua
Jonathan Fox, Ile-iṣẹ Ilera ti Nicaragua, 1980-1981, AMẸRIKA: Ẹgbẹ Isokan Amẹrika Central, Boston, 1982-1984
Jonathan Leaning, Nicaragua Solidarity, Montreal, Canada 220.Joseph Gorin, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún Àlàáfíà, 1988-1989
Joseph Nangle OFM, Franciscan, US Catholic Bishops 'Apejọ asoju
Juana Alicia Araiza, Muralist, San Francisco Balmy Alley "PLACA" Muralists, ya aworan lori CASA ANDEN (Asociación Nacional de Educadores Nicaragüenses), EL AMANECER.
Juanita Senger, Nicaragua Windmill Tunṣe Project, San Juan del Sur
Judith McDaniel, Yunifasiti ti Arizona, Ile-iwe ti Ijọba ati Afihan Awujọ Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia / San Carlos Nicaragua/Flotilla por la Paz. Ọdun 1984-88,
Judy Appelbaum, Ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti ẹgbẹ amofin Nicaragua ni ẹjọ rẹ lodi si AMẸRIKA ni Ile-ẹjọ Idajọ Kariaye, 1984-92.
Judy Branfman
Judy Somberg, 1989-1990 National Lawyers Guild asoju ni Nicaragua 228.Julie Beutel, Ẹlẹrìí fun Alaafia 1984-1986; San Juan de Limay, Esteli 229.Julie Light, ti kii-èrè communicator, onise, Managua, 1986-1992
Kaj Wilson, Ẹgbẹ Aṣoju Aarin Amẹrika, Cambridge, MA, Technica, Managua 1889
Kaki Rusmore, Nicaragua 1987-1996, UNAG, ATC, Olof Palme (gẹgẹ bi onitumọ) 232.Karen Kampwirth, Knox College, Casa Nicaragüense de Espanol
233.Karen Petersen 234.Karin Aguilar
Karla Ann Koll, Presbyterian Church, Managua, 1986-1994
Kasey Brenner, Nfihan Up fun Idajọ Ẹya (SURJ), CISPES, 1980-1984 237.Kate Colwell MD. Medical irin ajo 2015,2016
Kate Hughes
Kate Todd, Brigade Owu Atascali, 1984, NICA ede ile-iwe 1985, Rural electrification ise agbese ni idapo pelu Tecnica, ifunwara àjọ-op Esteli, 1986-7
Katharine Hutchinson
Alufa Kathleen McTigue, Ẹlẹ́rìí fun Alaafia 1984-85
Katherine Montague, National Central America Health Rights Network/NICMAC, New York, NY 1979- 1989
Kathleen Winslow
Kathy Brown, Central America Solidarity Association ati New England Central America Network
Kathy Engel, Akewi, olukọ oluranlọwọ iṣẹ ọna, NYU, Olupilẹṣẹ, “Sọrọ Nicaragua,” 1983, ati oludasile MADRE ati oludari akọkọ ti MADRE, 1983-89.
Kenneth S. Thompson MD, Visiblehands Ifọwọsowọpọ, Iranlọwọ Iṣoogun Boston fun Nicaragua Managua ati Leon Kẹrin-Keje 1981
Kenny Glenaan 248.Kevin Barwick 249.Kevin Murray
Kevin Whalen, Alakoso Alakoso, Ile-iṣẹ lati ṣe atilẹyin Iṣeto Aṣikiri, Ile-iwe Ede NICA 1984- 1988,
Kirsten Irgens-Moller, Igbimọ Awọn oludari Paṣipaarọ Agbaye, Awọn Alagba fun Ẹgbẹ Kofi Iwalaaye 1983, MIDINRA 1984-85
Kolya M Braun-Greiner, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún àfikún Àlàáfíà 253.Lally Stowell, ilé ẹ̀kọ́ èdè NICA, Esteli, 1987-88 254.Larry Robin
Larry Rosenberg, Actions Afefe Action, Massachusetts, Tecnica, 1987; onimọran ni lilo awọn kọmputa, Ministry of Education, 1989-90
Laura Blacklow
Laura Burns, kọfi ẹgbẹ, January 1980, olorin ká solidarity brigade to Nicaragua, 1983, Nicaraguan Culture Ministry ajo pẹlu US gaju ni ẹgbẹ Flor de Cana, pẹlu ariwa ogun agbegbe.
Laura Flanders, The Laura Flanders Show (American Public Television), Oluyaworan pẹlu MADRE. 259.Laura Worby, Brigadista Exchange 1984, NICA solidarity group Washington DC 1984-1990, Washington
Ile-iṣẹ Alafia 1984-1992
Leah Halper, Managua 1984-86, Casa Nicaraguense de Espanol, Agencia Nueva Nicaragua, Organizacion de Revolutionarios Deshabilitados, Iglesia Bautista
Leslie Donovan
Leslie Gates, Ile-ẹkọ giga Binghamton, Awọn ilu Arabinrin Princeton-Granada 1988-1990 263.Linda John, AMNLAE, CNAC, 1984-9, Oju-si-oju, Irin-ajo Ọdọmọde AMẸRIKA, 1987 264.Linda Ray, Igbimọ Labour San Francisco, Harvest Cotton Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun ọdun 1985
Lisa Albrecht
Lisa Culp, Maryknoll, olugbe Ocotal, 1983-1993. Ilu Arabinrin San Juan de Oriente pẹlu Sakaramento 267.Lisa Goldman
268.Lisa Gross, 1984 & 1985, NICA ede ile-iwe, iyọọda ni agbegbe ile-iwe Estelí 269.Lisa Miller, Ogun Resisters League
Lisa Tsetse
Lisa VeneKlasen, Oludari Alase ti ipilẹṣẹ JASS, fotogirafa Barricada, Nicaragua-Honduras Education Project 1984-86, Central America Peace Campaign 1987
Lois McCloskey, Ile-ẹkọ giga Boston, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America 1983-87 273.Lois Wessel, Ile-iwe Georgetown ti Nọọsi ati Awọn Ẹkọ Ilera, MINSA, CISAS ati Orilẹ-ede
Apejọ, 1984-1990 274.Lonnie Weinheimer
275.Lou Dematteis, Osise fotogirafa pẹlu Reuters News Pictures, Managua, 1985-1990 276.Louise Fortmann
277.Lucy R Lippard, Onkọwe, Awọn oṣere Pe Lodi si Idasi AMẸRIKA ni Central America 278.Lupe Tovares, Central America Solidarity Association 1982-1985
279.Lydia Rile, Owu brigade, Chinandega, 1984 280.Lyn Fine
Lynn Kersey, Wiwọle si ilera iya ati ọmọde. Los Angeles CA, aṣoju fun Ẹgbẹ Ilera ti Ara ilu Amẹrika 1987
Lynne Fergusson
Marcy Fink Campos, Awọn aṣoju ẹkọ, iṣelọpọ fiimu The Dawn of the People (1980), Barricada Internacional
Marg Hall
Margaret “Peggy” Ofin, Ẹlẹ́rìí fun Alaafia, Oluwoye idibo 1990 286.Margaret Harris
287.Margaret MacDonald Power, Ògo ti Resistance, Obinrin si Obirin Campaign 288.Margaret Swedish, Esin Agbofinro lori Central America & Mexico, 1981-2004
289.Margo Schulter, Central America Action Committee, Feminist Affinity Group 290.Maria Carmen Ramirez
291.Maria Scipion 292.Mariana McDonald
Marie A Dennis, Pax Christi International, Ile-iṣẹ fun Ẹda Tuntun 1979-1989, Ile-iṣẹ Maryknoll fun Awọn ifiyesi Agbaye, 1989-2012
Marie L. Kennedy, Yunifasiti ti Massachusetts Boston, APSNICA, Ileri Resistance, 1984-1987 295.Mariko Lockhart, olugbe Bluefields 1980-1985, Managua 1985-87, Ipolongo Imọ-kika ni Ilu abinibi
Awọn ede, 296.Marilyn Anderson
Marilyn Lindstrom, ogiri kikun
Marilyn S McMahonTecnica oluyọọda ni ASTC & CISAS, 1986-1987 299.Marios Kerpen, APSNICA Solidarity asoju 1988
300.Mark Anner, NICA ede ile-iwe, Estelí, 1984-1986 301.Mark Dooling, Ẹlẹri fun Alafia asoju
302.Mark Dworkin, Seattle solidarity ajo 303.Mark Sherman, Tecnica 1985, 1986
304.Mark Smith, Awọn Kristiani fun Ikẹkọ ati Iṣọkan Latin America 1982 305.Mark Wieder, Tecnica 1984-1987
306.Marsha Blackman, UCSF ẹka ti oogun, AIDS Education pẹlu Ministry of Health, 1987 307.Martin Espada
Marvin Fishman, Burlington-Puerto Cabezas Arabinrin City Program
Mary Ann Jasper, Tecnica iyọọda, 1989-1996, Sandinista laala awin 1990-1992, Construction Brigades 1992-1996.
Mary Ann Kopydlowski, RN, NICA ede ile-iwe 1984, National Central America Health Right Network 1990, support fun Gbajumo Education Collective fun Idena HIV/AIDS 1990
Mary Anne Mercer, Ile-iwe ti Ile-iwe ti Ile-iwe ti Ilera ti Ilu Washington, Central America Solidarity Committee, Baltimore, 1982-89
Mary Beaudoin
Mary Ellsberg, Ijoba ti Ilera, Bluefields 1980-1990 314.Mary Engle, awọn aṣoju Tecnica
315.Mary Lenihan, nọọsi, Vecino Brigade, 1986-1987 316.Mary S. Dailey
317. Matthew Nicodemus, Rocky Mountain Peace and Justice Center 318.Maura Russell, Ògo ti Resistance Affinity Group
Meg Wilcox, Nicaragua Ikẹkọ Ilera Ilera Collaborative Harvard-CIES-UNAN !987-88, Tecnica olugbe oluyọọda 1989
Mel Duncan, Kofi Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun 1984. Mu lẹmeji fun atako iranlowo contra. Ile-ifowopamọ ẹjẹ fun awọn olufaragba ti Contras
Melinda Longford Agbara
Melissa Young, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun ikole 1980
Merilie Robertson, Ìjọ Presbyterian USA, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún Asoju Alaafia
Merri Weinger, Iṣẹ Iranlọwọ Imọ-ẹrọ ni Ilera ati Aabo Iṣẹ iṣe, 1982-88; Igbimọ Iṣẹ Awọn ọrẹ Amẹrika ni Ilera ati Aabo Ipakokoro ni Nicaragua, 1986-87
Michael Albert, ZNet / RevolutionZ 326.Michael Argaman
Michael Eckerman
Michael Friedman, Barricada Internacional 1982-4; INPESCA, 1984-7, Casa Nicaragua de NY, 1982- 1994; Project Relief Iji lile, 1988.
Michael Lefi, Ipade Awọn ọrẹ Adelphi (Quaker), Ilera ti Resistance, 1984-89; Ile-iṣẹ Alafia Washington, 1982-90, Awọn ọmọ ogun: ikore owu, Chinandega, 1984, Tecnica, Managua, 1987,
Michael Lighty, Democratic Socialists of America 331.Michael Montgomery, APSNICA asoju 1987
332.Michael Prentiss, Ibugbe fun Eda Eniyan, CEPAD, El Porvenir, 1985-1990 333.Michael Rubin
Michael Wisniewski
Miguel Altieri, Ojogbon Emeritus UC Berkeley
Mike Prokosch, Igbimọ Dorchester lori Central America, 1983-1995 337.Mikos Fabersunne, Nicaraguan Energy Institute 1984-85
Miranda Bergman, Muralist, Awọn ọrẹ ti Nicaraguan Culture
Miriam Elisabeth Linder, arabinrin Benjamini Linder, ẹlẹrọ ẹrọ ti a pa nipasẹ awọn ologun ti o lodi si rogbodiyan ni San José de Bocay, Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 28, Ọdun 1987
Miriamu Henry. INSG 1980 341.Mohan Charles Hetram, NYC
Moli Steinert, Awọn irinṣẹ fun Alaafia 1985 & 1987
Molly Mead, Ile-ẹkọ giga Amherst, awọn aṣoju iṣọkan, mu fun aigbọran ara ilu ni AMẸRIKA fun ikede
US ilowosi
Molly Molloy, Barricada International, Managua, 1984-86
Monika Firl, Boulder/Jalapa Arabinrin Project Project, 1990 Akiyesi Idibo ati Iroyin 346.Nancy Appelbaum, Binghamton University, SUNY, Solidarity asoju, 1984.
347.Nancy E. Phillips, APSNICA olùyọọda ayaworan 1987. 348.Nancy Holmstrom, Democratic Socialists of America
Nanette Lashuay, Kofi Brigade 1987, Olugbe 1989 Ben Lindner House, NICCA brigade oluṣeto 1986-1991
Naomi Ann Schapiro, Ile-iwe Nọọsi ti UCSF, irin-ajo jazz awọn obinrin pẹlu ẹgbẹ Swingshift, 1984, Ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti iṣẹ eto-ẹkọ AIDS Nicaragua
Natalia Spiegel
Nicole Magnuson, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun kofi 1986
Norma I. del Rio, Brigades/aṣoju: Boston Teachers Union (1984); Maestros por La Paz, (1986-89) 354.Norma JF Harrison, 50 Years Is To Campaign, Communist Party USA, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Club 355.Norma Mark, Tecnica iyọọda, Barricada, Managua 1987
Pamela Montanaro, Nicaragua Solidarity Campaign.
Pasquale Lombardi, NICA ede ile-iwe, 1983, National Lawyers Guild Asoju 1988 358.Patricia Mary Skeels
359.Patricia Pittman, George Washington University 360.Patrick Breslin, Onkọwe
361.Paul Gates, APSNICA Volunteer Architect 1990 362.Paul Kiefer, APSNICA, Matiguas
Paul Lauter
Paul Moyer, PA, RN, MPH, Kofi Brigade 1984 365.Paula Albertos
366.Ofi. Paula R Bidle, United Church of Christ, Project Minnesota-Leon Arabinrin Ilu 367.Paula Braveman, MD, MPH, Ile-iṣẹ fun Idogba Ilera, UCSF
368.Peter Costantini, Tecnica UNI 1986, Northwest-Nicaragua Electoral Watch, 1990. 369.Peter Fougere
Peter Lippman, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun Ikọle Nicaragua 1986
Peter Maiden, KPFA Redio ni Nicaragua 1984, Ile-iṣẹ Alaye Nicaragua Berkeley 372.Peter Ranis, Ọjọgbọn emeritus, Ile-iṣẹ Graduate, CUNY
373.Peter Simon, High Road Alliance, Bay Area Construction Brigade 1985 374.Peter Staudenmaier
375.Peter Weiss, Center fun t'olofin ẹtọ 376.Philip L Bereano
Philip McManus, olugbe fun ọpọlọpọ awọn osu 1983-84 ṣiṣẹ pẹlu ẹya egboogi-intervention agbari. Ṣeto ati ṣe itọsọna awọn aṣoju si Nicaragua lakoko awọn ọdun 1980. Ewadun ti egboogi-intervention ijajagbara.
Philip Pasmanick
Phillip ati Angela Berryman, ṣiṣẹ ni Central America, 1976-80; ikopa ninu Central America ronu, 1980.
Phyllis Bennis, Ile-ẹkọ fun Awọn Ikẹkọ Ilana, Ṣiṣẹ pẹlu CISPES, Los Angeles, 1980-83, (fun idanimọ nikan)
Rachel Beck, Trinity Fellowship; University Lutheran Chapel
Rachel Kreier, US Solidarity: Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America, San Francisco, CA, 1984-88 Onimọ-ọrọ Ilera ati Ọjọgbọn Alabaṣepọ, Ile-ẹkọ giga St.
Rachel O'Malley, MIDINRA 1986-1988
Rachel Wyon, Olukọni olukọ Gẹẹsi, Escuela Normal ati MED, Esteli, 1982-1983 385.Rainiero Soto
386.Randa Johnson 387.Randy Cunningham
Rebecca Gordon, Brigades/Aṣoju: Ẹlẹrii fun Alaafia oluyọọda igba pipẹ; 1984, Olori aṣoju WFP 1986; Tecnica Nicaragua director 1990. Author, Awọn lẹta Lati Nicaragua
Rebecca Shields 390.Renata Brillinger 391.Renny Golden
Richard Donald, Awọn Iṣẹ Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ilu Kanada ni Oke-okeere, Matagalpa/Jinotega, 1984-1987, Dean Associate, Oluko ti Agriculture (Ti fẹyìntì) Ile-ẹkọ giga Dalhousie
Richard Garfield, Oṣiṣẹ oṣiṣẹ, Ministry of Health, 1081 -1987, Ojogbon Emeritus, Columbia University 394.Richard K. Monks, City Life Vida Urbana, Delegation 1982
Richard Levy, Kofi Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun, kofi Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun awọn tete 80s ati lọwọ ninu atako si awọn US ogun ni Central American fun odun.
Richard Stahler-Sholk, Olugbe, oniwadi ni CRIES, ati ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti Igbimọ ti US Citizens Ngbe ni Nicaragua (CUSCLIN), 1984-89
Rob Harlan, ikole brigades fun asasala ile
Rob Wilson, Tecnica iyọọda 1985, Veterans Peace Convoy1988 399.Robbie Welling, Tecnica 1988
Robert Bernstein, Tecnica oluyọọda UNI 1986
Ọ̀wọ̀ Dókítà Robert L. Brashear, PCUSA Agbofinro Àárín Gbùngbùn Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 1982-87, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún àwọn aṣojú Àlàáfíà
Robert Cohen
Robert Ellsberg, Orbis Books, ti a tẹjade nipasẹ Christian Sandinistas pẹlu Ernesto ati Fernando Cardenal
Robert Heimer , Ojogbon ti Epidemiology
Robert M. Warren, Nẹtiwọọki Nicaragua ni Iṣọkan pẹlu Awọn eniyan Nicaragua 1984-1986, Cambridge MA Central America Solidarity Assn 1983-1986, Awọn ipilẹṣẹ Hemisphere 1989-1990, Ann Arbor Latin America Solidarity Assn 1979-1980
Robert Meeropol
Robert P. Matthews, oluwadi / onkọwe NACLA, Seminario de Investigación para la Paz
Roberta Pikser, ile-iwe ede Spani, Tecnica, National Central America Health Rights Network 409.Robin Hanan, Ministry of Education 1989
410.Roger Lewis Blair
411.Roger Lippman, Terrasol 1988-90, Seattle NicaTech 1985-90 412.Russell Gasser, Tecnica iyọọda MINSA, olugbe 1987-1992 413.Sabina Lanier
414.Samuẹli Farber
415.Sara Driscoll, Awọn ayaworan ile ati Awọn oluṣeto ni Atilẹyin ti Nicaragua, 1987 & 1988
416.Sara Kate Levin, MD, Contra Costa Health Services, Child Care Solidarity Worker, Casa Materna, 417.Sara Miles, Alakoso, Nicaragua kofi brigades 1980-1983
418.Sarah Reyes, Building Brigade Matiguas 1989 419.Serena Cosgrove, olugbe 1986-1988, Ẹlẹri fun Alaafia
420.Sheila R. Tully PhD, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America
421.Sheldon Rampton. Onkọwe, Awọn ọrẹ Ni iṣe: Itan-akọọlẹ ti Awọn ilu Arabinrin US-Nicaragua 422. Shelley Sherman, Tecnica & Ben Linder Memorial Foundation 1985-1988
423.Sheri Bergen, Awọn oluwadi Ijo, Ijo ti Olugbala
424.Sherry Baron, City University of New York, US Medical Solidarity 1980-86. 425.Sonia Lipson, NISGUA New England Asoju 1984-1988 426.Stephanie Moore
427.Stephanie Yesner, Ògo Resistance 428.Stephen H Phelps, Arabinrin Ilu Malpiasillo
429.Stephen Kerpen, Oludari Awọn ayaworan ile ati Awọn oluṣeto ni Atilẹyin ti Nicaragua 430.Stephen Leberstein, College City of New York
431.Stephen R. Shalom, William Paterson University, Montclair Committee on Central America 432.Steve Cagan, fotogirafa, Ministry of Culture, ASTC 1983-1988
433.Steve Solnit, olugbe pẹlu Tecnica, Imọ fun Nicaragua, APSNICA, CHRICA, Ben Linder Council, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería 1988-1992
434.Steven Bennett, Ẹlẹ́rìí fún Àlàáfíà 1990 435.Steve Bennett
436.Steven Botkin
437.Steven Webb, United Christian Parish of Reston
438.Stuart Taylor, minisita Presbyterian, Ẹlẹ́rìí ni kikun akoko fun Alaafia 5 ọdun 439.Susan Clemente, SF Solidarity Group Esteli Heróica
440.Susan Colson, SwingShift obirin jazz tour 1984, Friends of Nicaragua Culture 1985-1987 441.Susan Cookson, onisegun ni ariwa Nicaragua 1986-1990
442.Susan Ito, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Amẹrika 1985-1992, North America-Nicaragua Colloquium lori Ilera 1985-1988
443.Susan L Triolo, CodePink Women for Peace, Vermont Peace Coalition 1987 444.Susan Moir, NICA Language School1987
445.Susan Schulman
446.Suzanne Baker, Nicaragua Information Center 1986-1989, NICCA-Berkeley, 1989-present 447.Suzanne Harris, NICA ede ile-iwe 1984
448.Suzanne Marten, Nicaragua Exchange Harvest Brigades, 1983-87 449.Suzi Weissman, Committee of Concern for Central America 450.Tedd Judd, MINSA ikẹkọ 1986-2016
451.Terri Massin, Obinrin si Obinrin
452.Terry Berman, Ikole brigades 1986 & 1987
453.Terry Burke, Chicago Nicaragua Solidarity Committee 1983-90 454.Rev. Dokita Clyde Kuemmerle, Awọn minisita ti Oniwasu ti New York
455.Thomas Edminster, United Educators of San Francisco, Democratic Socialists of America, Elders for Survival, Coffee Brigade 1986; ile-iwe ikole brigades 1986-1987
456.Tim Marshall, Ẹgbẹ ọmọ ogun ikole, Chompipe, 1988
457.Tim Takaro, Health Sciences, Simon Fraser U., CEPAD, Jinotega, 1986-89 458.Timothy Braatz, Campus solidarity, California Lutheran University, 1985-88 459.Todd Jaspers
460.Tom Berry, Seattle Pajawiri Coalition Lodi si Contra Aid
461.Tom Koren, Igbimọ fun Awọn ẹtọ Ilera ni Central America 1985-1990, Colloquium Itọju Ilera 1985 & 1987
462.Tom Kruse, APSNICA 1986-88, Gobierno Municipal de Estelí 1988-1990
463.Tony Harrah, SEIU 925, Central American solidarity ronu, ikole ni Ciudad Sandino 1984 464.Tony Schuman, Architects ati Planners ni Support of Nicaragua 1984
465.Trish O'Kane, University of Vermont, Olugbe ati oluwadi, CRIES-Pensamiento Propio, 1988-1992
466.Ulla Thomsen, Matagalpa
467.Vicki Skeels, Sakaramento Central American Action Committee
468.Victoria Lindsay, University of Central America 1987-1988, Olugbe ti El Cuá 1988-1989 469.Vilunya Disin
470.Virginia Wenslaff, ile ikole Matagalpa 1988, Sakaramento Central America Action Committee 1984-bayi
471.Vivien Morris, aṣoju iṣọkan Boston si Esteli 1984
472.Wayne Breidford, Ile-iwe tabi Agricultural Mechanization, Chagüitillo 1985-1987 473.William A. Barnes, Agbẹjọro ti fẹyìntì ati olukọ ile-ẹkọ giga
474.William C. Goodfellow, Center for International Policy 475.Name Withheld, 1984 Coffee brigade, 1986 ile-iwe ede 476.Name Withheld, Tecnica
477.Name Withheld, International Work Brigades, Casa Nicaragua cultural Osise, New Sanctuary Coalition- NYC
478.Orukọ Daduro
479.Orukọ Ti a Dawọ, NICATECH 480.Orukọ Ti a Dawọ, Tecnica 1988 – 1990 481.Orukọ Ti a Dawọ, New Mexico
482.Orukọ Daduro, Nẹtiwọọki Awọn ẹtọ Ilera Central Central America ati MINSA, 1983-1985 483.Name Daduro, New Mexico
484.Orukọ Ti a Dawọ, 1980-1989 485.Adorukọsilẹ, APSNICA
486.Name Withheld, 1988: CHRICA, olugbe 2+ ọdun, Ikẹkọ Ikẹkọ; UCA School of Medicine 487.Name Daduro, Oluko fun Eto Eda Eniyan ni Central America ati Seattle Coalition Lodi si Contra
Iranlọwọ 1983-90; Asoju idibo 1990 488.Name Daduro
489.Orukọ Daduro, Tecnica
490.Name Withheld, Nicaragua Network, local Sister City organization, Resident 1984-1991 491.Name Withheld, Ministry of education, Literacy crusade, agbalagba ati jc eko, 1980-1991 492.Name Withheld, Compañeras Brigada, NY-Nitycaragua Group Ọdun 1987-1990
493.Name Withheld, Sandinista veteran health and home support 494.Name Withheld, San Francisco
495.Name Withheld, fẹyìntì amofin 496.Name Withheld, Minnesota
497.Orukọ Ti a dawọ, Seattle ikole brigade Chontales 1986 498.Name Daduro
499.Orukọ Ti a Daduro, Olugbe, 1982-1984 500.Orukọ Ti a Daduro, New Mexico 501.Orukọ Ti a Daduro, NICMAC
502.Name Daduro, National Central America Health Rights Network, Committee for Health Rights in the Americas, Nicaragua Medical Aid Campaign 1986-1996, Coffee Brigade 1986
503.Orukọ Ti a dawọ, Casa Nicaragüense de Español 1986 504.Orukọ Ti a Daduro, APSNICA 1988-1990
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Si awọn oṣiṣẹ iṣọkan AMẸRIKA (1979-1990) ti o fowo si Iwe Ṣii silẹ si ijọba Nicaragua - Oṣu Keje 4, Ọdun 2021
[Iwe Ṣii si ijọba Nicaragua lati ọdọ awọn oṣiṣẹ iṣọkan AMẸRIKA (1979-1990)
https://zcomm-staging.work/znetarticle/open-letter-to-the-nicaraguan-government-from-u-s-solidarity-workers-1979-1990/ ]
O jẹ ajafitafita ilọsiwaju, ṣugbọn o jẹ “awọn ajafitafita ilọsiwaju AMẸRIKA”.
Iwọ kii ṣe awọn ajafitafita onitẹsiwaju Nicaragua.
O jẹ oninurere ati itumọ daradara eniyan ni ilodisi lati wo agbaye lati “oju orilẹ-ede rẹ” ati aṣa rẹ.
O ṣe afihan iṣọkan pẹlu Nicaragua ati iyipada rẹ ni ọpọlọpọ awọn fọọmu ni iṣaaju.
Ní báyìí, ó ti di dandan kó o tọ́ka sí ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Nicaragua, kó o sì sọ bí wọ́n ṣe yẹ kí wọ́n ṣètò àwùjọ wọn, àwọn òfin wo ló yẹ kí wọ́n ní àti àwọn òfin tí kò yẹ kí wọ́n ní. Nigbawo ni o yẹ ki wọn fi ofin mu awọn ofin ti orilẹ-ede ati ile-igbimọ ti ijọba tiwantiwa yàn ati nigbati wọn ko yẹ ki o fi ipa mu awọn ofin kan nitori wọn jẹ ki o ko ni itunu.
O jẹwọ pe “fidipalẹ ijọba-igbimọ Somoza ati kikọ awujọ tuntun jẹ awọn iṣe ti awọn eniyan ọba-alaṣẹ ti n pinnu ipin tiwọn.” Ṣugbọn o ro pe ko yẹ ofin ti o kọja nipasẹ Ile-igbimọ ijọba ti ijọba tiwantiwa ti orilẹ-ede Nicaragua ti o ni idiwọ gbigba owo ajeji fun awọn akitiyan idibo (nigbati AMẸRIKA ni awọn ofin kanna) ati beere pe awọn NGO ati awọn ajọ idasile owo-ori miiran ti n gba awọn inawo fun awọn iṣẹ iṣelu, lati ibikibi, ṣii awọn iwe wọn ki o ṣe afihan lilo deede ti gbogbo owo ti o gba, bi ofin ṣe beere.
O ti ṣofintoto ijọba ọba Nicaragua fun imuni ati gbigba awọn ara ilu ti wọn rú awọn ofin wọnyi ati awọn ofin miiran.
O jẹ iyalẹnu iyalẹnu lati gbagbọ ati daba pe ijọba AMẸRIKA ti dẹkun ifinran rẹ si awọn eniyan ọba ti Nicaragua ati pe AMẸRIKA ko ni ikopa ninu iwa-ipa 'ipilẹṣẹ rirọ” ti a ṣẹda ni ọdun 2018, nigbati atako lodi si atunṣe aabo awujọ nigbati lẹsẹkẹsẹ lati ọdọ. alaafia si iwa-ipa.
AMẸRIKA ti n ṣe inawo ati ikojọpọ awọn ohun-ini ati awọn orisun ni Nicaragua fun awọn ewadun. Awọn ọjọ ti ogun Contra ita le ti pari, ṣugbọn ogun AMẸRIKA si Nicaragua n tẹsiwaju ninu inu, ati pe ijọba AMẸRIKA fẹ ifarabalẹ lapapọ. Kii ṣe pe wọn fẹ diẹ sii, wọn fẹ ohun gbogbo.
Ni ọdun 2018 AMẸRIKA ati awọn ohun-ini alagbaṣe agbegbe rẹ, awọn alagbara ati awọn ipa ti ijọba tiwantiwa ni awọn ti o bẹrẹ ati igbega iwa-ipa naa.
Eyikeyi Sandinista konge nipasẹ awọn contra mobs ti a pa. Sandinista, awọn ile ijọba ati ile-ẹkọ giga ti sun, awọn ile-iwosan ti dina, awọn ọna omi ti da duro, wọn pa awọn oniroyin, wọn pa awọn ọlọpa orilẹ-ede, wọn pa awọn ọmọ ile-iwe Sandinista, sun awọn ọkọ akero, paapaa awọn ọmọde kekere (osu 8 ati ọmọ ọdun 2) ku ni a Managua sisun ile, Nicaragua Cultural oro won run.
O sọ pe o “mọ daradara - ati ikorira - gigun, itan itiju ti idasi ijọba AMẸRIKA ni Nicaragua ati ọpọlọpọ awọn orilẹ-ede miiran ni Latin America.”
Bí ó ti wù kí ó rí, o ń yan láti kọbi ara sí “àwọn ìṣe tí kò bófin mu àti ìwà pálapàla ti ìjọba Amẹ́ríkà rẹ tí ó rú ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn ará Nicaragua láti ṣe ìpinnu ara-ẹni” lónìí.
Ti o ba, awọn ajafitafita ti o kọ ẹkọ, awọn onimọ-akọọlẹ, awọn onkọwe, awọn onimọ-jinlẹ oloselu, awọn dokita, awọn oṣiṣẹ ilera, awọn oniroyin, gbagbọ pe AMẸRIKA ko wa lẹhin rudurudu ati iwa-ipa ti a rii ni Nicaragua ni ọdun 2018, iwọ ko kọ nkankan lati gbogbo awọn wahala rẹ.
O jẹwọ ni apakan ninu lẹta rẹ pe AMẸRIKA tẹsiwaju lati ṣe iṣẹ ijọba ẹlẹgbin rẹ nigbati o sọ pe: “Sibẹsibẹ, awọn odaran ti ijọba AMẸRIKA - ti kọja ati lọwọlọwọ - kii ṣe idi ti, tabi ṣe idalare tabi awawi, awọn iwa-ipa si eda eniyan ṣe nipasẹ ijọba lọwọlọwọ ti Daniel Ortega ati Rosario Murillo.
"Awọn iwa-ipa si eda eniyan". Bayi iyẹn jẹ ọlọrọ fun ogunlọgọ ara ilu Amẹrika yii ti o sọ “Ni ọdun 1990, iyalẹnu ati ibanujẹ wa nipasẹ ijatil idibo ti Sandinistas…” ati pe o pada si ile lati sọrọ nipa gbogbo rẹ ati lati fowo si, ni bayi, lẹta yii gẹgẹbi iṣọkan AMẸRIKA. osise (1979-1990).
O dara awọn Sandinistas ati pupọ julọ awọn ara ilu Nicaragua ni lati duro ati koju idotin ti ijọba ijọba ijọba rẹ ti kii ṣe ti ẹgbẹ kan ti ijọba tiwantiwa ṣẹda ni isalẹ nibẹ.
Iwọ ko ni aṣeyọri pupọ lati ṣatunṣe orilẹ-ede tirẹ, o ko lagbara lati ṣe idiwọ atokọ gigun ti o tẹsiwaju awọn odaran si eda eniyan nipasẹ ijọba rẹ, pẹlu owo-ori rẹ, ni orukọ rẹ, ni awọn ọdun 30 sẹhin, ṣugbọn nibi o n farahan bi "awọn oluyẹwo ati awọn onidajọ ti awọn iyipada nipasẹ awọn miiran".
Iyatọ nla wa laarin awọn ijiya agbaye ti ijọba ti ijọba rẹ tẹsiwaju lati ṣe ati awọn iṣe igbeja ọba ti orilẹ-ede kan ti o mọ awọn ọta rẹ ati ohun ti o wa niwaju ti o ba fi ara rẹ silẹ fun awọn ibeere ijọba. Nicaragua jẹ orilẹ-ede ti o ti ni iriri awọn ikọlu, awọn ikọlu, awọn ogun, awọn igara ọrọ-aje ati inawo, awọn ebute oko oju omi, ipaniyan ati ọpọlọpọ awọn odaran gidi miiran si ẹda eniyan.
Ofin kan le jẹ draconian, lile tabi lile, ṣugbọn o le nilo fun iwalaaye orilẹ-ede alaṣẹ ti o wa labẹ ikọlu. Alakoso Lincoln idaduro ti Habeas Corpus lakoko Ogun Abele Amẹrika wa si ọkan. Awọn ofin aabo orilẹ-ede ti o beere pe ki o di asan ni a fọwọsi nipasẹ ile-igbimọ ti ijọba tiwantiwa ti awọn aṣoju ti orilẹ-ede ọba ni Nicaragua.
O yẹ ki o tiju ti fifi ohun rẹ kun si ibinu ijọba AMẸRIKA ati irọrun ẹda ti oju-aye oloselu kan ti o gbooro siwaju awọn ikọlu lori Nicaragua.
Idarudapọ Joe Biden ati awọn odaran ogun nilo akiyesi rẹ.
Matiu 7:3-5 BM - “Kí ló dé tí o fi ń wo èérún igi ìlẹ̀kùn tí ó wà lójú arakunrin rẹ, tí o kò sì fiyè sí pákó tí ó wà ní ojú ara rẹ? 4 Báwo ni ìwọ ṣe lè wí fún arákùnrin rẹ pé, ‘Jẹ́ kí n mú ẹ̀rún igi tí ó wà ní ojú rẹ,’ nígbà tí pákó bá wà ní ojú ara rẹ ní gbogbo ìgbà? 5 Ìwọ àgàbàgebè, kọ́kọ́ yọ pákó kúrò ní ojú ara rẹ, nígbà náà ni ìwọ yóò sì ríran kedere láti yọ èérún igi tí ó wà ní ojú arákùnrin rẹ kúrò.
Juan P. Reardon Olùkọ
Richmond, California
Kọkànlá Oṣù 2021