UNksz. Diane Tebelius, umgqatswa weCongressional weRiphabhlikhi kunye nomkhi-mkhanyo kunyulo lwase-Afghan oxhaswe yi-International Republican Institute, mhlawumbi ungumkhi-mkhanyo wonyulo wokuqala e-Afghanistan ongakhange achithe xesha lokunxibelelana ngoluvo lwakhe kwi-Seattle Times ka-Okthobha 4, 2005. (bona http://www.rawa.org/seattletimes.htm)

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo uNksz Tebelius wabuyela e-United States esuka eKabul, ndibhala la manqaku njengempendulo kwinqaku lakhe eloyikekayo elivela ngaphakathi kwelizwe lam elinyathelweyo. Njengelungu leRAWA, kwafuneka ndibe kumaphondo aliqela ukuze ndidibane nabantu abaninzi kangangoko mayela nonyulo. UTebelius unokonwabela ubunewunewu bokuhlala endlwini yakhe kwaye ngokulula abize isigculelo esicekisekayo sonyulo “ummangaliso we-Afghanistanâ€, ngelixa ndikhala phakathi kwabantu esihogweni seTaliban kunye neNorthern Alliance (NA) yabanqolobi. kunye namahlakani abo “asentshonaâ€. UTebelius kunye nabanye abakhi-mkhanyo bonyulo kunye nezixhobo zabo zokukhusela iimbumbulu kunye noonogada bomzimba babesezandleni zamajoni aseMelika kunye neearhente zase-Afghan. Usenokuba uxelelwe “idemokhrasi esasazwa ngokukhawulezaâ€, “impumeleloâ€,“ukhuseleko olupheleleyo†kunye neminye “imimangaliso†kwilizwe lethu leenkosi zemfazwe kunye nababhatalwa bamazwe angaphandle. Kwelinye icala ukusukela oko wakhethwa ngurhulumente wase-US owazisa uKarzai kunye ne-Northern Alliance kwindawo yesehlakalo, ayimangalisi into yokuba akabizi umhlakulo.

Enye yeengxelo zakhe ezingummangaliso zezi: “Abantu base-Afghan babona abantu baseMelika njengabakhululi.â€

Isibhengezo esigqwethekileyo! Njengoko siye saqinisekisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye sabonisa, onke amaqela e-fundamentalist aquka i-Taliban adalwe, axhaswa ngemali, kwaye aqeqeshwa yi-CIA iphosa iliso kumdla ophezulu wabantu base-Afghan kunye nesiphumo senkxaso ekhohlakeleyo kwikamva lenkululeko. kunye nedemokhrasi kwilizwe lethu. Ke, imfazwe yase-US kwi-Taliban ayiyonto ngaphandle kwengxaki yosapho phakathi kotata nabantwana bakhe abakhohlakeleyo. I-US yaqala ungquzulwano ngokungathathi indawo yengcinezelo yenkolo ngedemokhrasi, ngokungathembeli ebantwini, kodwa ngokuxhasa i-NA, ezona ntshaba zibi kakhulu zabantu bethu. Ayinakutsho into yokuba ama-Afghan akazukubona "njengabakhululi" abo baqhube iingcuka zeTaliban ngomnyango omnye kwaye bakhulula izinja ezindlongondlongo ze-NA begqitha komnye. Isizwe “sibabona njani njengabakhululi— abo baye bavuthela ukukrazula hayi abanqolobi kodwa amawakawaka abantu abamsulwa? Bangababona njani abantu base-Afghan abalula "babona abantu baseMelika njengabakhululi" ngelixa "abakhululi" beza kurhwebesha amadoda abo kurhulumente nakwipalamente ukuba bavume ukusekwa kweziseko zase-US kumhlaba wethu amashumi eminyaka, nto leyo ngokucacileyo ihamba ngokuchaseneyo. ekuzimeleni kwelizwe? Abantu bethu bathi ukuba abantu baseMelika bebengabakhululi babo, ngebengazange bavumele izaphuli-mthetho ezimalunga nama-200 neentshaba ezinkulu zedemokhrasi ukuba zivule indlela eya epalamente nakwibhunga lephondo. Emva kweminyaka emine abantu bayabona ukuba izithembiso “zabakhululi” zazibubuxoki zonke. Kwaye yikhumbule, Nkosazana Tebelius, ukuba abantu bethu ababhuqiweyo abathandabuzi ukuba abo banamabali ahlazo ka-Abu Ghraib abanakuba “ngabakhululi” babo. Ngaba kufuneka sicengceleze ukuxhatshazwa “abakhululi†e-Afghanistan?

Nditsho nezithethi zikaRhulumente ezinemivuzo ephezulu azinaso isibindi sokuthetha obo bubhanxa elubala phambi kwabantu base-Afghanistan. Kodwa uNksz Tebelius njenge-arhente yase-US kunye nomhlobo omhle womnye woorhulumente ababini abakhohlakeleyo e-Asia unako kwaye kufuneka alahle uthuli emehlweni abantu baseMelika.

Ngoku makhe sibone ngakumbi amazwi akhe “angummangaliso”: “Ndiqinisekile, ngoku kunanini na ngaphambili, ukuba ukusasazwa kwedemokhrasi kuphela kwesicwangciso sexesha elide lokoyisa ubunqolobi behlabathi.â€

Umzekeliso omhle! Kodwa ngaba amaMelika okanye iKarzai & Co. “isasaza idemokhrasi†ukusukela ngo-2001? Emva kwe-9/11 xa i-US ibhenela ekubhombuzeni ilizwe lethu elenzakeleyo kwaye yathatha ubomi bamawaka aliqela abantu abamsulwa yanceda i-NA enxanelwe igazi ukuba ibambe amandla. I-NA iqulathe abo badlwenguli bezigidi ezixakekileyo kurhwebo lwe-opium phantsi kwempumlo yemikhosi yase-US. Ngabantu ababangela ukungakhuseleki, ukuxhwilwa, ukurhwaphilizwa kweebhiliyoni zeerandi zoncedo oluvela kumazwe angaphandle, ukungabikho kokusesikweni, imiqobo enxamnye nabafazi, ukugquma ukubulawa kwabantu emini, njalo njalo njalo.

Ziquka ezifana noGqr Abdullah, Younis Qanooni, Zia Massud, Karim Khalili, Burhanuddin Rabbani, Mohaqiq, Sarwar Danish, Ms. Mosouda Jalal, Nematullah Shahrani, Ismail Khan, Ms. Sediqa Balkhi, Rasul Sayyaf, Ikram Masoomi, Rashid Dostum, Rashid Dostum U-Mullah Fazil Hadi Shinwari, uNksz Amena Afzali kunye nabanye badyojwe ngegazi lamashumi amawaka abahlali baseKabul. Onke la manene namanene anenxeba elihlazo lenkohlakalo engenabuntu kubantu bakuthi kwiminyaka emnyama ka-1992-1996. Ngabaphathiswa bethu, oosekela mongameli kunye nabacebisi bakamongameli. Uninzi loonozakuzaku base-Afghan, iirhuluneli, oonobhala kunye namanye amagosa akwinqanaba eliphezulu nawo anxulumana ne-NA mafia.

Awubazi, Nkosazana Tebelius? Kwiinyanga nje ezidlulileyo I-New York Times kunye neLos Angles Times yabiza abanye babo kuquka omnye wabazalwana bakaKarzai. Ewe iHuman Right Watch (HRW) kunye neminye imibutho idize amagama amaninzi ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, wena Nkosazana Tebelius wenza iinzame zokubonisa aba baphuli-mthetho kunye neempimpi njengabantu ababekekileyo phantsi kolawulo lwabo “idemokhrasiâ€eya “kusasaza” kwaye “ummangaliso” wonyulo sele wenziwe! Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, njengomntu ohlala e-Afghanistan ndiza kukhankanya ezi ndawo zilandelayo "zommangaliso" ezibonisa ngokucacileyo incam ye-iceberg:

-Kulonyulo lukamongameli malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zabavoti abafanelekileyo baye kwiindawo zokuvota. Elona nani labavotileyo “kunyulo olungummangaliso†nangona kunjalo lingaphantsi kwama-40 epesenti kwaye kwezinye iindawo lingaphantsi kwama-30 epesenti.

Ingxelo ye-HRW ithe: “Ukongeza kuloyiko lweTaliban kunye neminye imikhosi yabavukeli, efunyenwe ikakhulu kumazantsi nakumazantsi-mpuma, uninzi lwabavoti kunye nabagqatswa bavakalise inkxalabo yabo kwi-Human Right Watch malunga nokuba semngciphekweni kwemikhosi yabaphathi bemfazwe. , i-de facto okanye imikhosi yamajoni esemthethweni ehambelana norhulumente:

    “Kulo lonke ilizwe, abagqatswa kunye nabaququzeleli bezopolitiko bakhalaze kwiHuman Right Watch ngamatyala apho iinkumanda zasekuhlaleni okanye amadoda anamandla, okanye amagosa karhulumente wasekhaya anxulumana nabo aye abamba intlanganiso apho baye baxelela abavoti neenkokeli zabahlali ukuba bavotele bani. Kwezinye iimeko, abaviwa kunye nabaxhasi babo batyhola ukuba izoyikiso ezithe ngqo ziye zachazwa.†[1]

-Amanani angcolileyo eTaliban aquka umphathiswa wabo wezangaphandle kunye nentloko yamapolisa aboyikeka enkolo, adume ngokubulala kunye nokuxhaphaza amawaka amadoda nabafazi, abaphuli-mthetho abadumileyo beqela labanqolobi likaGulbuddin Hekmatyar, amalungu akwinqanaba eliphezulu le-Soviet backed puppet. urhulumente wavunyelwa ukuba eme njengabagqatswa, eyona nto inkulu yokuphoxeka kwabantu ukuba baye kuvoto.

Umbutho wabakhi-mkhanyo be-EU uthe iintsilelo ngexesha lephulo ziquka ukugrogriswa, ukungenelela kwamagosa, uluhlu lwabavoti olungonelanga kunye nokubulawa “okulusizi” kwabagqatswa kunye nabasebenzi bonyulo.

- IKomishoni ebizwa ngokuba yiKhomishoni yeZikhalazo zoNyulo ifumene amakhulu amanqaku malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho lweenkokheli ezisisiseko, kodwa ngaphandle kweebhokhwe ezithile, akukho namnye kubo owanqanyulwayo. Kwaye uyamazi uNksz Tebelius oyintloko yeKomishoni? UBismullah Bismil, umlandeli wesiseko odume kakubi nosisalamane esisondeleyo sikaIsmail Khan!

-Iintlobo ngeentlobo zokurhwaphiliza bezicace kangangokuba namaphepha axhasa urhulumente kunye namaphepha e-pro-fundamentalist awakwazanga kunceda ngaphandle kokuwathelekelela.

– Kwizithili ezininzi akukho basetyhini bebenokuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo ngenxa yeengxaki zokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo amawaka-waka eevoti zabasetyhini ngandlel 'ithile akwazile ukuphoswa kwiibhokisi zokuvota.

– Abagqatswa abachasene nomgaqo-siseko kunye nabachasene norhulumente bepalamente kunye namabhunga amaphondo ePhondo laseKapisa bakhuphe ingxelo edibeneyo begxeka izenzo ezigwenxa kunyulo, bayeke umkhankaso.

- Kuzo zonke iindawo eziphantsi kwabaphathi bemfazwe, amashumi amawaka eevoti aphawulwe ngokuthanda abaviwa abathile kunye nolutsha olungaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 lwenziwa ukuba luvote.

– Iibhokisi zokuvota bezigcinwa iiyure ezingama-48 nangaphezulu phambi kokuba zisiwe kwiindawo zokuvota.

- UNksz Shokria Barekzai umthathi-nxaxheba waseKabul utyhola ukuba phambi kwamehlo akhe, iivoti ezilishumi kuye zaphonswa omnye umviwa.

-Kwiphondo laseKunduz, kwaphoswa iivoti ezingama-260,000, kodwa ezingama-6,000 kuzo zakhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokuthanda umgqatswa wobufundamentali.

- Kwezinye iivoti, abavoti bebebhala amagama afana nala “ungumbulaliâ€, “sisihangeâ€â€â€œungummeli wasemziniâ€, “NguTalibâ€, njl. abanye abagqatswa, kodwa bonke babalwe njengeevoti ezisemthethweni.

-Amawakawaka eevoti zabagqatswa abazimeleyo batshiswa kwaye amawaka eevoti zomgunyathi zaphoselwa abaxhasi be-pro-fundamentalists/ pro-Karzai candidates.

– Abaphathi neekhawuntari zokuvota babengavumelekanga ukuba baphathe iipeni. Kodwa ngexesha lokutshekishwa kwiziko lovoto kwiphondo laseNangarhar, ngaphezulu kwe-200 yeepeni zafunyanwa kubasebenzi abakhankanyiweyo. Xa ndabuza utishala oneminyaka ephakathi ukuba ngabaphi abaviwa abathandayo, waphendula: “Ndingayivotela njani iNjineli uGhaffar, okanye uHazarat Ali nabanye abanegazi ezandleni zabo?â€

- Kwingingqi yovoto kwiphondo lasePaktia, inani labavoti lalingamawaka alishumi, kodwa kwaphoswa amashumi amabini amawaka amavoti apho. umngcatshi ofana noNjengele u-Shahnawaz Tanai osebenza ngokuphandle kwiphulo lonyulo, ndiyayiqonda indlela oluchasene nedemokhrasi kwaye luhlekisa ngayo unyulo lwangoku.â€

– Kwiphondo laseFarah, uNaim Khan Farahi, oyena mnini-mhlaba mkhulu wephondo, exhaswa ngokuthe ngqo ngurhulumente, yi-UNAMA yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye nabadubuli bakhe baba “ngoyena mntu uphumeleleyo wokuqala” ngokwenza lonke uhlobo lobugwenxa. Umtshana walo mntu yintloko ye-UNAMA eFarah. Kwisithili saseFarahrod omnye umtshana wakhe (uZabet Jalil) wayenyanzela abantu ngokusebenzisa amajoni akhe axhobileyo ukuba avotele umalume wakhe.

- Uninzi lwabantu baseFarah banoluvo lokuba ukuba bekungekho buqhetseba obuninzi kunyulo; UMalaali Joya ngewayefumene ubuncinci iipesenti ezingamashumi amahlanu eevoti zonke.

- Njengakwiphondo laseHerat kunye neNimroz, urhulumente wase-Iran wayenesandla kuFarah. Ii-arhente zayo zobukrelekrele zanika i-100 yezigidi ze-Toman (malunga ne-117,000 yeedola) kuHaji Taimor Shah. Iipowusta zakhe ezinkulu ezinemibala zazingenakuthelekiswa nabanye.

– nmatched nt, UNAMA nompu wakhe Ivumba lonyulo lanwenwa ngokubanzi kangangokuba nomnqolobi u-Al-Zawahiri wathetha ngabo kwingxelo yakhe yomhla wama-20 kuSeptemba: “Unyulo luqhutywe phantsi koloyiko lweengqwayingqwayi zase-[Afghan]. Unyulo lwaluyinto yokufihla ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into, njengoko imimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe iphantsi kolawulo lwamadoda ohola wendlela kunye nabaphathi bemfazwe, kunye nabakhi-mkhanyo bamazwe ngamazwe … nkqu neebhokisi zokuvota zahlala ezandleni zeemfazwe, abaphangi kunye nee-arhente zase-US ngaphambi kokuba zafakwa kumaziko ovoto.â€

Ukufumana olunye uluvo malunga nobungakanani borhwaphilizo kunye nolawulo lweKarzai, sitsalela ingqalelo yakho kuxwebhu oluyimfihlo oluthe lwabhengezwa kutsha nje nguGqr. Ramazan Bashardost. Nje ukuba uGqr Bashardost anikwe umsebenzi njengomphathiswa wocwangciso wazama ukumisa imisebenzi yee-NGOs ezikrokrelekayo ezingama-2,000 kunye nezenza imali, kodwa kungekudala kwanyanzeleka ukuba arhoxe. Ngokwalo xwebhu, isithethi sikamongameli, abaphathiswa kunye namagosa akwizikhundla eziphezulu, ukongezelela kwezinye izibonelelo bafumana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-36,000 yeedola ngonyaka kwinkampani yaseBritane. Ngelixa abakhubazekileyo befumana i-6 yeedola kwaye abasebenzi bakarhulumente abaqhelekileyo bafumana i-$60 ngenyanga kuphela.

Urhwaphilizo olugqithileyo lunyukele kumaziko aphezulu. “UMongameli undicele ukuba ndithathe uxanduva loLawulo lokuLwa uRhwaphilizo,†utsho uBashardest, “Kodwa ndamxelela ukuba ndiza kuluthatha olubonelelwe ukuba ndiqale kwiNdlu kaMongameli.â€

Kudliwanondlebe neReuters ngo-Agasti 30, 2005, uthi:

    "Amalungu karhulumente, ii-NGOs, abasebenzi abakhulu bozakuzo, abasebenzi beZizwe eziManyeneyo ... benze inkqubo ye-mafia kwaye uyasibona isiphumo." [2]

    "Sifumene malunga ne-12 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukusukela kwiminyaka emithathu, iphi imali?" watsho, ebhekisa kuncedo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukusukela ekubhukuqweni kweTaliban ekupheleni kuka-2001.â€

    "Abantu base-Afghan bachasene neenkosi zemfazwe, kutheni uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kutheni urhulumente wase-Afghan exhasa abaphathi bemfazwe?"

    "Kumaphondo, zonke iirhuluneli zazingabaphathi bemfazwe, zonke iintloko zamapolisa, kwaye abantu base-Afghan abayamkeli le meko."

- Kwaye nangokunjalo.

Akukho nzima ukuqikelela ukuba siya kuba yintoni isiphumo sonyulo “ummangaliso†ozithuthuzelayo ngalo. Ipalamente ezele ngabona bantu bakhohlakeleyo, abangahloneli bafazi, abachasi idemokhrasi, nabathanda ukuchasa idemokhrasi, kunye nabathanda ukusabela ngokwenyani abakhokelwa ngabathengisi beziyobisi abanezothe njengoSayyaf, uQanoni, uRabbani, uMohaqqiq, uPairam Qul, uHazrat Ali, kunye nezinto abazithandayo. Aba balandeli benkolo baxhaswa yi-U.S. abasoze “basasaze idemokhrasi”, kodwa endaweni yoko bazama “ukuba semthethweni” kwaye baqhubekisele phambili ulawulo lwabo olunegazi ebantwini bethu ngokuhlala kwindlu yowiso-mthetho “njengabenzi bomthetho”.

UNksz Tebelius, nabani na ofuna ukuthathwa njengomhlobo wabantu base-Afghanistan kwaye ingeyiyo yolawulo lwangoku, kufuneka abhence abo bakholelwa kwimbali kunye ne-ajenda yabo eyingozi kwaye akuphephe ukudanisa kurhulumente wase-US okanye abafana abanamehlo aluhlaza e-Afghanistan. Njengoko u-Aldous Huxley wabhalayo, “Injongo yokusasaza ubuxoki kukwenza iqela elithile labantu lilibale ukuba ezinye iiseti zabantu zingabantuâ€. Nceda ungadlali indima yokusasaza iindaba.

Ngaphaya koko, ngokubiza olona lonyulo lulihlazo ehlabathini “ummangaliso we-Afghanistan”, uthuke izigidi zabantu base-Afghan abangabavotelanga ababulali babo babathandayo. Ngaba awuziva ukuba kubuhlungu kwaye kulizothe kangakanani ukusasaza ubuvuvu obunjalo?

Sinethemba lokukubona kwixa elizayo njengomhlobo onyanisekileyo wabantu bethu.

UMehmooda Shekiba, RAWA
Kabul
Oktobha 25, 2005

UMehmooda Sheikiba ungumlweli we-Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA) osebenze kwikomiti yokupapasha ye-RAWA kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.

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1- ISibonelelo seHuman Rights Watch, “IiNdawo eziNxibelelayo. Isisongelo esivela kwiTaliban kunye neminye imikhosi yabavukeli†(Agasti 2005)

2- Ukusuka kuRobert Birsel, “uMphathiswa Wangaphambili wase-Afghan Uthatha uNjongo kwi-‘Mafia System’,â€Reuters (Agasti 30, 2005 ngo-3:53 AM ET) e. http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=ISL51261

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