Umthombo: UMgcini

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Akukho nto inokonakala, akukho nto ilungileyo engenakuguqulwa ibe yinto embi. Kwaye akukho mzekelo ucacileyo kunomhlaba omkhulu wemozulu.

Ngoku siyazi ukuba akwanelanga ukushiya amafutha efosili emhlabeni kunye nokunciphisa uqoqosho lwethu. Siyishiye kade. Ukuthintela ukufudumeza okungadlulanga kwi-1.5C, kufuneka kwakhona sitsale enye ikhabhoni sele ikwiatmosfera.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ezona ndlela zisebenzayo zezi "izisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo": Ukusebenzisa ukubuyiselwa kweenkqubo zokuhlala ezifana namahlathi, imigxobhozo yetyuwa, i-peat bogs kunye ne-seafloor ukukhupha i-carbon dioxide emoyeni kwaye ivale, ubukhulu becala emithini okanye emhlabeni onamanzi kunye nodaka. Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, iqela elincinane lethu lasungula i iphulo leNatural Climate Solutions ukutsalela ingqalelo kubuninzi obunokwenzeka bokudodobala kokuqhekeka kwemozulu kunye nokutshabalala kobuninzi besithandathu ngokuvuselelwa ngobuninzi bendalo.

Ngelixa kunzima ukubona imozulu okanye intlekele yendalo ithintelwa ngaphandle koku ukuphindaphinda okukhulu, salumkisa ukuba kufanele ingasetyenziswa njengebambela kubomi boqoqosho be-decarbonising, okanye ukuvumela amaqumrhu ukuba aphelise iigesi zegreenhouse ekungafanelanga ukuba ziveliswe kwasekuqaleni. Sizifumene kufuneka silahle inani elikhulu lemibutho yamahlakani ngenxa yezivumelwano zabo neenkampani ze-offset.

Kodwa izilumkiso zethu, kunye nezo zabaninzi abanye, yahamba ingahoywanga. Into emele ibe ngamandla amakhulu ngokulungileyo iye yajika yaba yinkampani yokuphuthuma igolide, ukurhweba ngeekhredithi zekhabhoni. Ikhredithi yekhabhoni imele itoni enye yeegesi ze-greenhouse, ezithathwa ngokuba zithintelwe okanye zisusiwe emoyeni. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, Imarike yezi khredithi iye yanda.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezisemthethweni zokusetyenziswa kwezisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo: ukususa ikhabhoni yembali emoyeni, kunye nokuchasana nentsalela encinci yezinto ezikhutshwayo ezingenakuthintelwa emva kokuba sikhuphe lonke uqoqosho. Endaweni yoko, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengenye indlela yesenzo esisebenzayo. Kunokuba bazibophelele ekushiyeni amafutha efosili emhlabeni, iifemu ze-oyile nerhasi ziyaqhubeka nokujonga oovimba abatsha ngelixa zibanga ukuba iikhredithi abazithengayo zibenze "ikhabhoni engathathi hlangothi".

Ngokomzekelo, i-Shell's Qhuba iCarbon engathathi hlangothi iskimu sixelela amashishini ukuba ngokuthenga amafutha kwikhadi lawo lokuthembeka, izinto ezikhutshwayo “ezingenakuthintelwa” eziphuma kwiinqwelo zabo zinokulungiswa “ngepotfoliyo kaShell yehlabathi yeeprojekthi zezisombululo zendalo”. Iqinisekisa abathengi ukuba, ngokujoyina inkqubo, "akuyomfuneko ukuba utshintshe indlela osebenza ngayo". Amabango afanayo kaShell eNetherlands abethwa lilizwe intengiso watchdog.

Inkampani yaseFransi iTotal inethemba lokuphuhlisa iindawo zeoli ezintsha kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseCongo nakunxweme lwaseSuriname. Iye yafuna ukuzithethelela ezi projekthi ngezisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo: eSuriname ngo ukunika urhulumente imali ukukhusela amahlathi asele ekhona, naseCongo ngo ukutyala indawo ye-savannah enemithi ekhula ngokukhawuleza.

Le projekthi iphikisana kakhulu. Ukuba ukomba kuqhubeleka kuya kunceda ukuvula ummandla wamahlathi atyebe ngokugqithisileyo nemigxobhozo leyo ihleli phezu kweyona ndawo inkulu yedipozithi kwitropics, enokuba yingozi kwivenkile enkulu yekhabhoni yendalo. Indawo yokuhlala enqabileyo ye-savannah inkampani ifuna ukuyiguqula ibe ngamasimi ukuvelisa amaplanga kunye ne-biomass kunqabile ukuba iphononongwe ziingcali ngendalo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba igcine uluhlu olukhulu kakhulu lobomi kunemithi engaqhelekanga inkampani yeoli efuna ukuyityala. Ikwanjalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba yeyabantu basekuhlaleni, nangona amalungelo abo esintu, angathathelwa ngqalelo kumthetho waseCongo, akazange akhankanywe kwiTotal’s. upapasho ndaba zekhampani malunga nesivumelwano. Ngamanye amazwi, iprojekthi ye-offset, kunokuba ihlawule umonakalo owenziwe kukugrunjwa kweoli, inokuwenza ube mandundu.

Le asiyiyo imiba yodwa. Kuzo zonke iimeko ezinjalo, ibhanki yekhabhoni ezinzile kakhulu - amafutha efosili angcwatywe ngaphantsi kobume bejoloji - iyatshintshwa kwiivenkile ezikhuselekileyo: iindawo zokuhlala emhlabeni. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, amahlathi asetyenziswa njengendawo yokuthengisa zatshiswa ngemililo yasendle egquba kuMntla Merika. Kwakhona kunzima kwezinye iimeko ukubonisa ukuba imali yokuhlawula yenze umahluko wokwenene. Umzekelo, ezimbini zeeprojekthi zikaShell baye bagxekwa ngezizathu zokuba amahlathi abathi bayawakhusela asenokungabi semngciphekweni. Ezi zicwangciso zihlala zixhomekeke kwizinto ezingeyonyani: ngekwenzeka ntoni ukuba le mali ibingasetyenziswanga?

Ngelixa zikho imigangatho yamazwe ukuba i-carbon kufuneka ibalwe njani, akukho ngxelo yengozi yokuziphatha ye-carbon offsets: isiqinisekiso sobuxoki esisichukumisayo akufuneki sitshintshe indlela esiphila ngayo. Akukho ngxelo yendlela iinkampani ezisebenzisa ngayo ezi projekthi ukuthethelela ishishini njengesiqhelo. Akukho ngxelo yokuba bayisebenzisa njani le ndawo yokuhlanjwa luhlaza ukucenga oorhulumente ukuba bangabalawuli. Izisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo kufuneka zisincede siphephe ukuwohloka kwenkqubo yendalo esingqongileyo. Kunoko, bancedisa ekuwukhawuleziseni.

Kwaye ke kukho umcimbi omncinci womhlaba. Akukho mhlaba waneleyo eMhlabeni wokufunxa ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse. I-Oxfam iyaqikelela ukuba umhlaba ofunekayo ukuhlangabezana nezicwangciso zokususwa kwekhabhoni ngamashishini unokulinganisa ngokuphindwe kahlanu ubukhulu beIndiya - ngaphezu kwendawo yonke yeefama emhlabeni. Kwaye uninzi lwayo ngokufanelekileyo yeyabantu bomthonyama kunye nabanye abantu basekuhlaleni, abathi kwiimeko ezininzi bangayiniki mvume yabo. Le nkqubo inegama: i-carbon colonialism.

Ngexesha lesamithi yemozulu ye-COP26 ngoNovemba kulo nyaka uphelileyo, urhulumente welizwe laseMalaysia i-Sabah wabhengeza isivumelwano seekhredithi zekhabhoni namaqumrhu angaphandle aquka i-2m yeehektare ezimangalisayo (5m iihektare) zehlathi. Abantu bomthonyama bathi babengazi nto ngayo.

ESkotlani, uShell uchitha i-£5m ukwandisa ihlathi laseGlengarry. Ngelixa iSkotlani idinga imithi emininzi, ikwafuna ukwabiwa komhlaba okungcono. Njengeenkampani ezinkulu kunye nabaxhasi bezimali fumba kule marike, amaxabiso omhlaba Kuvuka ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba abantu basekuhlaleni, abanye babo abangathanda ukuziqhubela amaphulo abo okugaya nokugawula amahlathi, bavalelwa ngaphandle.

Iqhinga elingcono iyakuba kukuchitha imali ekomelezeni amalungelo omhlaba abantu bomthonyama, abathi bakholisa ukuba ngabona bagcini basebenzayo ye-ikhosistim kunye nekhabhoni equlathwe kuyo. Apho uluntu lungenawo umhlaba, kufuneka luxhaswe ngemali ukuze luwuthenge kwakhona kwaye lubuyisele iindawo zalo zokuhlala ezingekhoyo. Kodwa akukho nanye kwezi projekthi kufuneka ibalwe ngokuchasene namafutha efosili ekufuneka siyishiye emhlabeni.

Ewe, kufuneka sibuyisele ubomi eMhlabeni. Ewe, kufuneka sikhuphe ikhabhoni eninzi kangangoko sinakho. Kodwa asinakuvumela esi sixhobo sibalulekileyo sijikiswe kuthi.

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