Okokuqala baxelelwa ukuba bakha udonga phakathi kwabemi ababini ukuze bakhuseleke bobabini. ….. Baxelelwa ke ukuba udonga lomhlaba wabo lwaluyimfuneko ukuze kukhuselwe uSirayeli.
Bandula ke baxelela amafama asePalestina aphantsi kwawo udonga ukuba aya kuba nokufikelela ngokungenamda kwimihlaba yawo……emva koko kwamiswa amasango eludongeni – amasango awayeza kuvulwa kathathu kuphela ngemini. ….ngelo xesha amafama asePalestina axelelwa ukuba ukuba bafuna ukusebenza umhlaba wabo – ngoku kwicala lase-Israel edongeni – kuya kufuneka bafumane amaphepha-mvume okusebenza akhethekileyo akwa-Israel ukuze badlule kumasango avulwa kathathu ngosuku. .
Eli libali lika Jayyous. I-Jayyous yilali encinci emalunga nama-3,500 abantu abahlala kumgama oziikhilomitha ezintandathu ukusuka “umgca oluhlaza†(umda owamkelwa ngamazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwe-Israel kunye nemimandla yasePalestina). Udonga olubizwa ngokuba “lwezokhuseleko” lwakwaSirayeli, njengoko kwiindawo ezininzi kwiWest Bank, aluzange lwakhiwe kumda womgca oluhlaza kodwa, endaweni yoko, nzulu kumhlaba wasePalestine. Ngenxa yoko, itya malunga nama-85% omhlaba wolimo we-Jayyous. Kuphela malunga neshumi elinesihlanu leepesenti zomhlaba kaJayyous ngoku obekwe kwicala “lasePalestina†eludongeni. Ukugqibezela eli bali lidweliswe ngasentla, emva kokuba amajoni akwa-Israel exelele abantu basePalestine ukuba baza kufuna iimpepha-mvume zokusebenza ukuze badlule esangweni ukuze basebenze imihlaba yabo - nangona ngoku "kummandla wamaSirayeli" - baxelele. kwaye ekuphela kwento ekunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iimvume ngabo bangaphezulu kwamashumi amahlanu okanye abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ubudala. Ekugqibeleni, baxelela abalimi – izivuno zabo ezitshatyalaliswe zezi zigqibo - ukuba abasayi kuphinda bakwazi ukuthengisa oko kuseleyo kwimveliso yabo kwiimarike zakwaSirayeli.
Ezi ziganeko zibe neziphumo ezibi kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho kumafama nakuluntu lwase Jayyous. Lo mhlaba uthatyathwe ngokungekho mthethweni, yaye ngokuchaseneyo nesigqibo seNkundla Yomkhosi yakwaSirayeli kunyaka ophelileyo sokuba abalimi bangaze bathathelwe umhlaba. Kwisithuba esingaphantsi konyaka olandela eso sigqibo, amanyathelo awohlukeneyo athathiweyo kwaze kwamiselwa imiqobo ukwenza kube nzima kakhulu – ukuba akukho nto ingenzekiyo– kula mafama ukuba afike emasimini awo. Ekugqibeleni, kubonakala ngathi into endiyiqwalaseleyo lijoni kunyaka ophelileyo ibe yinyaniso: “udonga [lokhuseleko] luya kuba ngumgca omtsha oluhlaza.â€
Ndaqala ukuza eJayyous kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo, xa indlela yodonga lokhuseleko yayicocwa. Ngelo xesha, mna, abemi basePalestina, nabanye ababebukele kwafuneka sibukele njengoko oogandaganda abakhulu bombungu bakrazula amakhulu emithi yomnquma. Abemi belali bema endleleni yeebhuludoza neenqwelo-mafutha zomkhosi ezixhobileyo ngelizama ukuxhathisa oku kungabikho kokusesikweni ngeendlela zoxolo. U-Jayyous, njengoninzi lwabanye abantu basePalestine, uye wagcina ukuzibophelela kuxhathiso olungenabundlobongela. Oku kuzinikela kuyancomeka xa kujongwa amanqanaba obundlobongela kunye nezehlo zobusela abathe banyamezela iminyaka emininzi. Kwelinye icala, kuyamangalisa kwaye kuyakhuthaza ukubona uqhanqalazo olunjalo olunomoya noluzinzileyo olungenabundlobongela, izenzo, kunye noqhanqalazo emva kwayo yonke le minyaka. Kwelinye icala, yintlekele enganyamezelekiyo ukwazi ukuba ukungabikho kobundlobongela kwabo akubanga yimpumelelo, kwaye akukhange kuqatshelwe kwaye kukhuthazwe. Abantu abaninzi e-US nakwezinye iindawo basajonga amaPalestine njengeyona nto iphambili Kwimithombo yobundlobongela kungquzulwano oluqhubekayo lwase-Israel-Palestine.
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, xa ndandize e-Jayyous yayikutyelelo lwentlalontle. Ukubona abahlobo kwimimandla yasePalestina kudla ngokuba yinto apho usizi kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba kunokuloyisa ngokulula ithemba kunye nomnqweno. Ngelixa lokubuza imibuzo elula enjengothi, “Zinjani izinto?†Ndiye ndaxelelwa ukuba, nangona izinto bezimbi kakhulu, zisaqhubeka ziwohloka ukusuka kwinyanga ukuya kwelandelayo. Imizekelo emininzi yanikwa: Indawo entsha yokuhlala yakwaSirayeli iyakhiwa kwiifama zasePalestine ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwicala lokugqibela lodonga kwimihlaba elinywayo ngoku. Abahlali baseJayyous bafumanise oku kuphela xa bekhubeka kwimiqondiso kunye neemephu kumhlaba wabo ezichaza - ngesiHebhere - ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-850 eDunam (225 yeehektare) “ukuqalaâ€eza kuthathwa ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu zamaJuda kuphela. Ukuhlaliswa kufuneka kubekwe phambi kwamasango amabini abahlali baseJayyous abasebenzisa ngoku ukufikelela kwiindawo zabo zefama kwicala lakwaSirayeli eludongeni. Baya kuthintelwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba bangaphinde badlule emasangweni kwakhona. Akukho masango matsha acetywayo ngeli xesha.
Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokuba le ndawo intsha iza kwakhiwa kanye ecaleni kocingo kwaye ibe phakathi kweemitha ezilingana namakhaya asePalestina asele ekho, abahlali bakholelwa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba amakhaya abo atshatyalaliswe. Ukulungelelaniswa kwale ntshabalalo kuya kuba kukuba amakhaya asePalestina abeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko kubahlali. Ukukhapha indawo entsha yokuhlala kuya kuba yindawo enkulu yomkhosi, iimitha nje ukusuka kwilali. Ndithe ndisamamele ezi ndaba, ndahlala ndothukile ndiphuthaphutha ukuba ndithini kubahlobo bam bakudala. Andizange ndiyicinge into enjengale yenzeka kwindawo endihlala kuyo, kwaye ngoko kwakunzima kum ukuzibeka ngokupheleleyo ezihlangwini zabo. Umntu angathini malunga nenyaniso yokuba ubomi babo bonke kunye neendlela zokuphila zihluthwe ngokupheleleyo ngabanye abantu abanamabango emfuno “yokhuseleko�
Imeko yase-Jayyous iyafana naleyo yoluntu oluninzi olubekwe ngokukhawuleza ecaleni “kodonga lokhuselekoâ€. I-Israel iyaqhubeka nokuxoxa ukuba injongo yodonga "kukwahlula" abantu ababini ukukhusela abemi base-Israel. Lunokukhuselwa njani olo donga xa izibakala eziphathelele ukwakhiwa kwalo zingenanto yakwenza nokhuseleko? Udonga lunokuba lukhusela njani ekubeni injongo yalo esebenzayo ikukuhlutha owona mhlaba ubalaseleyo wasePalestina kuze kunikwe abemi abangamaYuda? Ngoobani ngokwabo abenza amathanga ngokungekho mthethweni kummandla wasePalestina? Ezi zenzo ziphula ngokucacileyo iNgqungquthela yaseGeneva. Umzekelo, malunga nomgangatho womhlaba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwepropathi okwenziwa ekwakhiweni kodonga, iSiqendu 53 seNgqungquthela yesine yaseGeneva sithi “nayiphi na intshabalalo ngokuHlala amandla epropathi yokwenyani okanye eyeyomntu ngamnye okanye ngokudibeneyo yabantu babucala, okanye uRhulumente, okanye amanye amagunya oluntu okanye imibutho yentlalontle okanye yentsebenziswano akuvumelekanga, ngaphandle kwaxa loo ntshabalalo isenziwa ngokuyimfuneko ngezenzo zomkhosi.â€
Iindlela zokuhlaliswa kukaSirayeli zikwaphula ngokucacileyo neminye imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1980, i-UN yapasisa iSigqibo soKhuseleko 465, esamisela ukuba, “[A]ll amanyathelo athatyathwe nguSirayeli ukuguqula isimo somzimba, ukwakheka kwabantu, ubume beziko okanye ubume bePalestina kunye nezinye iindawo zama-Arabhu ezihlala ukususela ngo-1967, kuquka. IYerusalem, okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yayo, ayinakusemthethweni ngokusemthethweni kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo we-Israel kunye nezenzo zokuhlalisa iindawo zabemi kunye nabafuduki abatsha kuloo mimandla kukwaphulwa okucacileyo kweNgqungquthela yesine ye-Geneva malunga noKhuseleko lwaBantu ngexesha leMfazwe kwaye. kananjalo zenza umqobo omkhulu ekuphumezeni uxolo olubanzi, olunobulungisa noluhlala luhleli kuMbindi Mpuma. Kwakhona, ngokwesigqibo seNkundla yoBulungisa yaMazwe ngaMazwe ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, udonga luphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kwaye lubangela ukubandezeleka okungenakuchazwa kubantu basePalestina kunye noluntu lwabo. Ngenxa yoko, isigwebo sasinyanzelisa ukuba udonga ludilizwe.
Imbali embi yeendawo zokuhlala
Ukuqonda izizathu zokuba kutheni u-Israyeli eqhubeka ethatha umhlaba ovela kumaPalestina kunye nokwandisa nokwakha iindawo zokuhlala ezintsha, umntu kufuneka aqonde imbali embi yeprojekthi.
AmaZionists aqala ukwakha iindawo zokuhlala kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-20th inkulungwane. Yayiyinkolelo yabo yokuba iindawo zokuhlala ziya kubonelela ngesiseko esisebenzayo, esisezantsi kumabango olongamo. Ngo-1948, xa uSirayeli wayevakalisa inkululeko, bakwenza oko ngokusekelwe kwiipatheni zeendawo zokuhlala ezazisele zisekiwe – nangona yayiliqaqobana labemi kwiindawo ezininzi. Emva kwemfazwe ye-1967, oorhulumente abakhokelwa nguMsebenzi bafuna ukudala iindawo zokuhlala kwintsimi ethinjiweyo (i-West bank, iSinayi, iGaza, kunye ne-Golan Heights). Ngokuchaseneyo nabezopolitiko bangaphambili, uMoshe Dayan, inkokeli ebalulekileyo yakwaSirayeli, waqiqa ngelokuba ukuhlaliswa kwabantu – ngokwako - kwakungayi kuzisa unqabiseko olungakumbi kuSirayeli; “akungenxa yokuba banokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olungcono kunomkhosi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ngaphandle kwabo asikwazi ukugcina umkhosi kuloo mimandla. Ngaphandle kwabo i-IDF iya kuba ngumkhosi wangaphandle olawula abantu basemzini. " Kamva, ngo-1977, urhulumente waseLikud waqalisa ukukhawulezisa iprojekthi yokuhlaliswa. Ngelo xesha kwakukho kuphela malunga nama-50,000 amaSirayeli ahlala kwi-East Jerusalem, kunye nabemi abangama-7,000 kwiindawo ezincinci zokuhlala zeWest Bank. U-Ariel Sharon naye wangena emfanekisweni kwi-1977 njengoMphathiswa wezoLimo kurhulumente wokuqala. Uveze icebo elibizwa “Umbono kaSirayeli kwiNkulungwane’'s End†ojolise ekukhawuleziseni nangokuxineneyo kumhlaba wasePalestine West Bank. Isicwangciso sicetywa ngamabomu ukubeka amaYuda kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zasePalestina, kunye nokwakha i-axis esemantla-ezantsi yeendawo zokuhlala. Eli khonkco lisuka kumntla-mazantsi lisuka eGolan Heights lisingise eNegev, lirhangqe iYerusalem ngesangqa seendawo zokuhlala ukuze liyinqumle ngokufanelekileyo kuyo yonke iWest Bank, lize ligxininise abemi kwindawo ababeyibiza ngokuba “yiSamari”. umbindi webhanki yasentshona. Esi sikimu sicwangcisiweyo sozinziso – ezopolitiko njengokwandiswa kwemfazwe? – yayiza kuzisa “utshintsho lwedemographic†kwi-Occupied Territories. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu kamva, ngaphezulu kwe-400,000 yabemi ngoku sele bezinzile kwimimandla-kunye nenqwaba yeziseko zomkhosi, iindlela zokuhlala kuphela, kunye nezinye iziseko.
Abayili bezakhiwo bakwaSirayeli uSegal kunye no-Weizman benze la mazwi alandelayo:
"Eyona nto ibonakalayo kukuba ngokubeka abahlali kwindawo yonke, urhulumente wase-Israeli akasebenzisi nje ii-arhente zamandla karhulumente kunye nolawulo, angamapolisa nomkhosi, kulawulo lwamandla, kodwa "uyila" abemi belizwe ukuba bahlole, balawule kwaye boyise abemi basePalestina. Ukungangqinelani kukhula phakathi kwento abafuna ukuyibona abahlali, indlela abayichaza ngayo kwaye bayiqonde i-panorama, kunye nendlela amehlo abo aqweqwediswa ngayo’ kwinjongo yeqhinga kunye neyopolitiko yelizwe. Umnqweno wekhaya losapho olunye uyadityaniswa ukuze ukhonze kwiphulo lolawulo lomkhosi, ngelixa isenzo sasekhaya, esigutyungelwe kwisame yokuhombisa yeethayile ezibomvu kunye nengca eluhlaza, ibonelela ngolawulo lwendawo ebonakalayoâ€.
Yintoni enokuba yintoni ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kokuthinjwa komhlaba kunye nokuthotyelwa kwabanye abantu kwintando yezopolitiko yakwaSirayeli? Ezi zenzo zenza intandabuzo kwiintetho zamagosa akwaSirayeli athi uSirayeli ufuna uxolo; USirayeli akalufuni uxolo, ufuna umhlaba omninzi! Iprojekthi yokuhlaliswa kuqala yabanika ilizwe, ngoku basebenzisa ukuhlala njengendlela yokwandisa imida yabo. Ngapha koko, uSirayeli lilizwe elingazange limisele ngokusesikweni imida emiselweyo. Inokumisela njani imida ukuba iyaqhubeka isakha iindawo zokuhlala kwaye ifuna indawo yasemzini? Ngamanye amaxesha, iinkokeli zithetha phandle ngeenjongo zazo, njengaxa uMphathi woMkhosi woMoya uEitan Ben Eliahu wathi: “Ekugqibeleni kuza kufuneka silicuthe inani labantu basePalestina abahlala kuloo mimandla.
Mhlawumbi yonke le ngxaki inokuxoxwa ngayo njengenye yendlela urhulumente azichaza ngayo. USirayeli wasekwa njengombuso wabantu bamaYuda. Njengakwezinye iindawo, ezifana neSerbia, xa elinye iqela lichaza kwaye libeka phambili amalungelo eqela elinye ngaphezu kwelinye, ingcamango yokuphakama kunye nelungelo liyingxenye engenakuphepheka yentlalo yoluntu. Ngaloo ndlela, nabemi basePalestina bakwaSirayeli ngokufanelekileyo, ucalucalulo olufihlakeleyo kunye nolwamaziko lukhona. Kula maPalestina, umlo ngumzabalazo wamalungelo oluntu. Kubantu basePalestine abahlala kwiighettos ezinyanzeliswa ngumkhosi zebhanki yasentshona kunye neGaza, akukho malungelo anjalo okulwela. Umthetho nomthetho usebenza kuphela kulawulo lwabo, ngaphandle kwesithembiso samalungelo oluntu okanye inkululeko. Ngaba inokubakho idemokhrasi apho i-1.8 yezigidi zabantu basePalestine zombini “ngaphakathi†kwaye “ngaphandle†kwezopolitiko?
Abantu baseMelika abanakuqonda ukuba owona mthombo wengxabano kule ndawo kukuhlaliswa kunye nokuthathwa komhlaba. Impixano imalunga nendawo. Ke ngoko, ungquzulwano lungaphezulu kokuchasana nomkhosi wangaphandle, kodwa kunye nokuchasana namakholoni angaphandle. Iindlela eziye zacwangciswa kwaye zakhiwa ngayo iindawo zokuhlala malunga nokulawula umhlaba kunye nokulawula ubomi babantu basePalestina.
Imbongi yasePalestine uDarwish uyichaza kakuhle: “Umsebenzi awuzineliseki ngokusihlutha ezona meko ziphambili zenkululeko, kodwa uqhubeka nokusihlutha izinto ezibalulekileyo zobomi bomntu onesidima, ngokubhengeza imfazwe eqhubekayo emizimbeni yethu, namaphupha ethu, ngabantu nezindlu nemithi, nangokwenza ubugebenga bemfazwe. Ayisithembisi enye into ngaphandle kwenkqubo yocalucalulo, namandla ekrele okoyisa umphefumloâ€.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela