Ngomhla wokugqibela we Indibano ye-10 yomanyano waseSpain's United Left (Izquierda Unida, IU), uJuan Peña, unobhala omncinci wombutho we-IU kwidolophu yaseCastilian yaseValladolid, ushwankathele umbono wakhe wempembelelo ye-indignado (15M) intshukumo kwi-IU, enye yezona zindala zasekhohlo. Ulwakhiwo eYurophu: “I-15M izise iindaba ezimnandi ze-IU kunye neendaba ezimbi. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iziphakamiso zethu zenkqubo ziye zafikelela kwinqanaba, ekwabelwana ngazo ngabantu ababegalele ezitalatweni. Iindaba ezimbi yayikukuba abantu babecinga ukuba ezi ziphakamiso zintsha, zezabo.”

Ukusukela oko kwabakho uqhanqalazo olukhulu nolukhethekileyo olwaqala eSpain nge-15 kaMeyi, 2011, i-IU engama-30,000 ibijijisana nale mpikiswano – umsantsa phakathi kwezigidi zabantu, kubandakanywa amalungu amaninzi kunye nabaxhasi be-sociali-democratic Spanish. I-Socialist Workers Party (PSOE), eyabelana ngezikhundla zayo kodwa abangayithathiyo i-IU njengelizwi labo lezopolitiko.

Ayikuko ukuba umfelandawonye obanzi wasekhohlo awenzanga nzuzo ngexesha lengxaki yezentlalo nezopolitiko. Inkxaso kuvoto lwezimvo iphindaphindeke ngaphezulu kwe-13 leepesenti kwaye i-IU kunye neqela labo lodade baseCatalan, I-United kunye neNkohlo engenye (EUiA), baye banandipha ukwanda okukhulu kunyulo lwengingqi kwi-2012 e-Andalusia, e-Asturias, e-Galicia naseCatalonia.

Nangona kunjalo, iinzuzo ezinjalo zibalelwa kwinxalenye encinci yabavoti abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-6 abaye bayishiya i-PSOE kule minyaka mine idlulileyo. Umfanekiso osisiseko usengowokhukuliseko olumandla lwenkqubo yamaqela amabini ePSOE kunye neqela lasekunene elilawulayo lePeople's Party (PP), kodwa kungekho mandla asavelayo njengondoqo womngeni wasekhohlo kwipolitiki yongxowankulu bamacala amabini.

Imixholo eMikhulu iyaxoxwa

Indlela yokuguqula ukunyuka okukhulu koqhanqalazo kwilizwe laseSpain libe yintshukumo yezopolitiko nezentlalo eyomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba ithathe amandla ezandleni zorhulumente wePP waseMariano Rajoy yayingumba ophambili kubathunywa bendibano abangama-959 abadibana ukusuka ngoDisemba 14-16. , 2012, kwihlomela ledolophu elingaphandle kweMadrid. Njengoko isilogeni sendibano sathi, “Guqula: ukuhlanganisana kube yintlangano, imvukelo ibe yenye, enye indawo ibe negunya.”

Ngokuqikelelwayo, oko kwakuthetha ukuba indibano yayiyinto emdaka kumajelo eendaba aqhelekileyo. Kwaba buthuntu njani oku! Akukho mfazwe yamaqela, akukho kungqubana kwabantu, kuphela iivoti ezisondeleleneyo - hayi isondlo esinganelisekiyo sesilo silo esinganelisekiyo soxhatshazo olunoburhalarhume, intlebendwane ekhohlakeleyo kunye nembono evakalala 'engundaba-mlonyeni kwezopolitiko' kuninzi lweendaba zaseSpain.

Yayingafani kangakanani, nayo, kwindibano yomanyano yesithoba ye-IU, eyayibanjwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba imbumba yamanyama kunye namahlakani ayo yancitshiswa yaya kutsho kwizihlalo ezibini kunyulo luka-2008 lwepalamente yesizwe yaseSpain. Kuloo ndibano kuye kwanikelwa izileyiti ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zekomiti yezopolitiko, iqumrhu elilawulayo lentlangano phakathi kweendibano. Nokuba i-IU yayinalo ikamva kwaxoxwa ngokubanzi ngelo xesha. Kwiminyaka elandelayo amanani akhokelayo e-IU aye ashiywa asiya kwi-PSOE nakwiqela lokusingqongileyo i-Equo.

Indibano yesithoba yade yasilela ukunyula umnxibelelanisi omtsha oza kungena endaweni yomnxibelelanisi orhoxayo uGaspar Llamazares. Kwintlanganiso yokuqala yekomiti yezopolitiko yomanyano emva koko, uCayo Lara, wase Iqela lamaKomanisi eSpain (PCE), i-IU enkulu yokubambisana, ibe ngumququzeleli omtsha we-federal kunye neepesenti ze-55 kuphela zevoti.

Indibano yesithoba yomanyano yayisele iqalile inkqubo yokuseka kwakhona i-IU njenge "anti-capitalist, federal and republican social and political movement njengesiseko sokuhlangana okutsha kwezentlalo nezopolitiko," kodwa ngoku, kwiminyaka emine kamva, namalungu e-IU athatha inxaxheba. ngaphakathi kwaye ehlala ekhokela amaza amakhulu oqhanqalazo ngokuchasene nobungqongqo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwamalungelo abasebenzi, umoya wombutho waguqulwa.

Ngenxa yolu tshintsho kunye neenzuzo zonyulo ze-IU le ngqungquthela nayo ibe kwindawo yokukhwela kwiingxabano ezinokuthi kwimeko enzima kakhulu zivelise ungquzulwano olungenangqondo.

Enye yezona zinto zixineneyo yayiyimeko ye-IU e-Euskadi (iLizwe laseBasque), apho imibutho yayo yangoku neyangaphambili, ngokulandelelanayo. Esker Anitza (EA, Isininzi saKhohlo) kunye Esker Batua (EB, United Left), bebekhuphisana kunyulo lwengingqi kaOktobha 2012, kungekho situlo siphumeleleyo. U-Esker Batua unxulumene ne Vula eKhohlo (IA), iqela elihlangene ne-IU elasekwa ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka nguLlamazares, kunye nezinto zalo zonyulo zibonise iifoto zeLlamazares kunye namanye amalungu aphambili e-IA.

(ULlamazares kamva wakhanyela ukuba unike imvume ku-Esker Batua ukuba asebenzise ifoto yakhe, kodwa akazange athethe nto ngexesha lokuvota, eshiya ingcamango yokuba abantu ababini abaphambili be-IU, uLara noLlamazares, babexhasa amatikiti ahlukeneyo kwi-poll yase-Euskadi. Ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yoko, inani labalandeli bangaphambili be-IA baqhawuke ngoku.)

Omnye umthombo wongquzulwano onokubakho, wokuba i-IA inokunikezela isileyiti sayo kwikomiti yezopolitiko yomanyano, yasonjululwa ngomzuzu wokugqibela xa olo qulunqo luthethathethwano ngeepesenti ezingama-20 zokumelwa kuwo onke amaqumrhu obunkokeli be-IU. NgokukaLlamazares: “Sikholelwa ukuba oko kumela ngokwaneleyo kwaye asinawo amanye amabhongo. Ngaphezu koko, ayingombuzo weepesenti kodwa yinxaxheba yabameli kwi-IU xa iyonke, ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi nasezantsi ukuya phezulu.”

Izigqibo zendibano, ezakhelwe kwinkxaso yamaxwebhu ayo ayilwayo kwintlanganiso kaSeptemba yekomiti yezopolitiko yomanyano, ibonise esi sigqibo seeyantlukwano. UCayo Lara wonyulwa kwakhona ngamxhelo mnye njengomnxibelelanisi kazwelonke emva kokunikezelwa kwesileyiti esinye kuphela sekomiti yezopolitiko yomanyano, okokuqala kwiminyaka engama-24. Imele zonke iimvakalelo ezicwangcisiweyo ngaphakathi kwe-IU kwaye iphumelele i-85 yenkxaso yeepesenti.

Ngaphambili, i-balance sheet ye-Lara yomsebenzi ukususela kwindibano yangaphambili iphumelele inkxaso ye-91 ekhulwini, uxwebhu lwezopolitiko lwe-97 pesenti yenkxaso, uxwebhu lwezoqoqosho lwe-96 yepesenti yenkxaso kunye neziphakamiso zokuhlengahlengiswa kwe-IU kunye nokulungiswa kwemithetho yayo ye-90 yenkxaso yeepesenti.

Inkxaso esondele kumxhelo mnye yabulisa “iSibhengezo saseMadrid,” isigqibo esishwankathela imbono ye-IU ngezopolitiko zaseSpain nezaseYurophu kunye nemisebenzi yayo kwixesha elizayo, kunye nezisombululo ezithile, ezininzi ezivela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo ye-IU, ehambelana ne-17 "yabemi baseSpain abazimeleyo. ” kunye neCeuta neMelilla, iindawo zayo ezimbini eziseMorocco.

Imingeni engundoqo

Ubunkokeli be-IU obuphumayo buchaze imingeni emine kunye neenjongo ezisisiseko “kwi-Call for Diabate” kwindibano: ukwenza kwaziwe enye indlela ebambekayo yoqoqosho endaweni yeniyoliberalism; “ukuququzelela imvukelo yabantu ngokwedemokhrasi”; ukoyisa inkqubo yamaqela amabini “ngokwenza i-IU kunye nemifelandawonye yayo ibe yenye indlela yokwenyani yamandla”; kunye "nokwenza iinguqu ezinzulu kwi-IU esiyaziyo ... ukuze siyiguqule ibe ngamandla ezopolitiko asekhohlo nakuninzi loluntu."

Yagxininisa into yokuba ngaphandle kokuba olu celomngeni lokugqibela luhlangatyezwane nalo bekuya kuba nzima ukuhlangabezana nezithathu zokuqala: i-IU iya kuqhubeka ijongwa ngabaninzi abasemzabalazweni njengabaphambukeli yaye iyinxalenye “yodidi lwezobupolitika,” ngeyona ndlela ububi obuncinane ngomhla wonyulo. . Icandelo loxwebhu lwezopolitiko olunomxholo othi “Ukutshintsha ngokunzulu umbutho wethu” lifuna “inguqu yangaphakathi kwi-IU.”

Kodwa njani ukuhlangabezana nolo celomngeni? Inkxalabo yokwenza i-IU ibe nobubele ngakumbi kwisizukulwana esitsha samatsha ntliziyo ibonakaliswe kwinani elikhulu lezilungiso ezinikezelwe kwimithetho yayo - ngaphezulu kwama-3200 kuma-5500 ewonke. Uninzi lwalujolise ekudaleni i-IU encinci "yeziko": ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulungelelaniswa ngakumbi kwinkxaso yayo kuqhanqalazo lwentlalo kunye nokuchasana; ukubonelela ngethuba elikhulu lokuthatha inxaxheba kwabo bavelana nabo kunye namatsha ntliziyo kwimibutho yezentlalo; nangokungafihlisi ngakumbi kunye noxanduva oluvela kumagosa karhulumente namagosa anyuliweyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezilungiso beziya kuyiguqula i-IU ibe ngumbutho osekelwe kwindibano, ide ithandabuze kwa ingqikelelo yobulungu kwaye, ngokwamazwi oxwebhu lwezopolitiko oluyila intatheli yephaneli uJosé Manuel Alonso, “ibeka ngentandabuzo imfuno ye-IU ngokwayo. ” Oko bekuya kuthatha i-IU umgama omde kakhulu ukusuka ekuphenduleni kwayo kokuqala ekunyukeni kwe-15M – “Ubizo lweNtlalo” luka-2011, inkqubo yokubonisana ukuze kubonelelwe ngesithuba sokwenza igalelo kwinkqubo ye-IU yonyulo lwesizwe lukaNovemba ka-2011.

Ukusukelana phakathi kwezi pali, ingxoxo-mpikiswano yendibano ibigxile ekubeni loluphi na utshintsho olunxibeleleneyo olufunekayo kwi-IU ngokwayo, kunxulumano lwayo nemibutho yezentlalo, kunye nobudlelwane bayo nemibutho yezentlalo nezopolitiko ngaphandle kwemida yayo - konke oku kubalulekile ukuze kwakhiwe uninzi lwebloc yezentlalo nezopolitiko ngokuchasene ne-neoliberal capitalism kwilizwe laseSpain.

A igalelo elivela kwi-IA wathi:

“'Abasimeli thina' [abangengommeli wethu, ingoma ye-15M echasene 'nodidi lwezopolitiko']… ngumceli mngeni ongundoqo kuthi thina sishiye amatsha ntliziyo … ukusinda kwethu njengamandla enguqu kuhambelana nawo … siziqaphele kwezinye izigxeko zezopolitiko ezenziwe ngobungcali ezenziwe kwimibutho yezentlalo, kwaye esiyinxalenye yazo. Asikho ngaphandle okanye singaphandle koko kugxekwayo nokucetywayo. ”

Unyango olucetywayo lwe-IA yayikukuba zonke imibutho yasekuhlaleni kunye nabantu abanomdla kumbandela othile bamenywe kwiintlanganiso zoqulunqo lomgaqo-nkqubo, ukuba amaxwebhu omgaqo-nkqubo ayilwayo asekelwe kwelo galelo angeniswe kumalungu ukuze axoxwe, kwaye kusetyenziswe amanethiwekhi oluntu kunye nenkqubo yewebhu ye-IU. ihlaziywe njengemijelo yeziphakamiso kunye nengxelo.

Unyulo lwangaphambili lwabagqatswa kufuneka lugqitywe kwiiprimaries ezivuleleke kumalungu e-IU kunye nabaxhasi ababhengeziweyo okanye, kwimeko yabagqatswa bomfela ndawonye ngaphaya kwe-IU, ngeendlela ekuvunyelwene ngazo kunye namahlakani kumfelandawonye.

Kwakhe ibhlog yewebhu ekhohlo yonke imihla umphakathi, I-MP ye-IU yaseMálaga Alberto Garzón, i-indignado ethandwayo kunye nesekela elincinane kwipalamente yesizwe, uzame ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwimeko yangoku ye-IU.

“I-IU ayingombutho wezopolitiko oqhelekileyo, nokuba ukhathazwa bububi bawo, kodwa ngumbutho wezopolitiko nezentlalo. Yiloo nto ethethwa yimithetho yayo kwaye yindlela endiyijonga ngayo indima yayo kuluntu kufuneka iqondwe ...

“Nangona kunjalo, umbutho ngokwawo wakhiwe ngaphakathi unobungqongqo kunye namandla akhethekileyo kwiqela lemveli. Yaye le meko ikhokelela ekubeni abantu bangakwazi ukutsala abantu abanobuchule obungakumbi ngoku 'abahamba' ngaphandle kwentlangano. Kule meko 'abantu bangaphakathi' - oko kukuthi, abantu abaqhelene nothethathethwano lwangaphakathi kunye nokulingana kwamandla phakathi kwemisinga eyahlukeneyo yangaphakathi - badla ngokuphela beboyisa 'abangaphandle' - oko kukuthi, bonke abo bantu banokuba ngamalungu kodwa bengenawo. bagqibe ekubeni bazibandakanye ngenxa yemiqobo emikhulu yokungena.

“Le yingxaki eyahluke ngokupheleleyo kungquzulwano ngeembono kodwa ethi yakuba iqinile ngaphakathi embuthweni iphele ivala amandla afunekayo ukuze kugcinwe ulungelelwano olufanelekileyo phakathi kweentshukumo ezitalatweni nakumaziko.

"Isiphumo sesokuba umbutho uguqulwa ube yinto engqongqo ngakumbi kunale nto ifunwa ngumzabalazo esitratweni kunye nabemi ngokubanzi. Ukuqhawuka konxibelelwano ngokwenyani kuyaveliswa, kunye notyekelo lokuxhomekeka kwezopolitiko kumaziko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kusekwe ezinye izixhobo zomzabalazo ecaleni kombutho.

"Yiloo ndlela esinokuqonda ngayo ukuba, ngaphandle kokudibana okucacileyo, abo baye baxhathisa olona hlaselo lwe-neoliberal ibe yimibutho yezentlalo engaphandle kwe-IU."

Uxilongo olufanayo lwenziwa kwibhlog yangaphambili, "Ukuhamba phezu kwentloko yolawulo.” Kwisiteyitimenti esafumana inkxaso ebanzi, uJuan Peña, u-Eberhard Grosske (isithethi seqela lebhunga le-IU ePalma, eMallorca) noTánia Sànchez (iLungu lePalamente kwipalamente yengingqi yaseMadrid) bachaza “imiyalezo elishumi ekufuneka iNkomfa yeSishumi ye-IU imiselwe eluntwini. .” Ezi zibandakanya, “Sizakuqala ukwakha uluntu lwangomso namhlanje,” “Siza kwenza umtsi osemgangathweni wokuhlangana kwezentlalo nezopolitiko,” “Siza kubeka amaziko ezandleni zabantu” kunye “Siza kubeka amaziko ezandleni zabantu.” siza kuvula izigqibo zethu ezingundoqo ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwabemi.”

Ukuvula iSeshini

Nangona kunjalo, ingxoxo yayingaqalisi ngebhodi emhlophe engenanto – i-IU yayisele iqokelele amava abalulekileyo ukususela ngoMeyi 2011. Oku kuquka:

• Imanyano yayo ebanzi yonyulo lwesizwe lukaNovemba ka-2011, oluye lwavelisa i-Plural Left (IP) yepalamente yecaucus phakathi kwabaviwa bayo abaphumeleleyo kunye nabo basebenzisana nabo banyulwe kwi-Itiative for Catalonia Greens-United kunye ne-Alternative Left (ICV-EUiA) kunye ne-Aragonist. Umanyano (CHA);
• Ukuphumelela ngendlela emangalisayo Umanyano lwaseGalician eKhohlo (AGE), phakathi kwe-IU Galicia, i-ANOVA yelizwe lasekhohlo, i-Equo Galicia kunye ne-Galician Eco-socialist Space (EEG), "i-Galician Syriza";
• Ingqungquthela yesithandathu yesizwe yombutho wabo waseCatalan i-EUiA, ebonise igalelo elisekelwe kwiwebhu kunye neengxoxo kunye nabaxhasi kunye nendawo yokuzibandakanya kunye neentshukumo ezinkulu zentlalo, ezifana nePlatform ye-Mortgage-Affected (PAH) kunye nezo zilwa ukunciphisa kwimpilo yoluntu kunye imfundo;
• Impumelelo yolonyulo lweBhunga njengaleyo eValladolid, apho inkqubo yonyulo lwamabhunga ka-2011 yagqitywa ngeentlanganiso ezivulelekileyo eziquka abaxhasi be-IU, okubangele ukuphindaphindwa kwevoti ye-IU, ukwanda kwezihlalo zayo ukusuka kwesinye ukuya kwisithathu kunye ne-25 per cent jump kubulungu. .

Kwiseshoni yokuvula indibano uvavanyo olwahlukileyo lwemeko yangoku ye-IU lubonakaliswe kwiingxelo ezivela kwiimanyano zengingqi ezilandele ibhalansi yeCayo Lara yeminyaka emine njengomnxibelelanisi womanyano. Nangona siqaphela iinzuzo ezininzi kunye nempumelelo eyamkelekileyo kaLara kunye nobunkokeli bomanyano ekuqulunqeni iiyantlukwano, izithethi ezininzi zagxininisa ubukhulu bomngeni phambi kwe-IU.

URamón Trujillo, umququzeleli we-IU federation yeCanary Islands, wathi, ngelixa ukudala enye indlela yokulwa nobungxowankulu kwi-neoliberal austerity yayingenakucingelwa ngaphandle kwe-IU, imeko yayo yangoku kufuneka ichazwe ukuba yintoni: "hayi intshukumo yentlalo, kodwa umatshini wonyulo olinganiselweyo kunye nezixhobo zezopolitiko eziko.” Umnxibelelanisi weLa Rioja uHenar Moreno ugxekile ubunkokeli bomanyano ngokungakwazi "ukuhlala inyathelo elinye phambi komzabalazo wodidi olukhulayo."

Umnxibelelanisi weValencia uMarga Sanz ugxininise ukuba "inde indlela ekufuneka sihambe ngayo ngokubhekiselele kubufazi kunye nolutsha." Intatheli yaseGalicia, uCarlos Portomeñe, wachaza i-gap ekhulayo phakathi kwevoti ye-IU kunye nobukhulu besiseko sayo somzabalazo, ukudala uxinzelelo olukhulayo ngaphakathi kombutho ozuza intlonipho engakumbi kunye nezikhundla kumaziko kodwa engekaphuhlisi abaphembeleli abaneleyo ukuba basebenzise. kwaye balungiselele.

Kwicala elihle, umququzeleli we-Aragon u-Adolfo Barrena ubonise oko umanyano oluphunyeziweyo kuloo mmandla phakathi kwe-IU, i-Aragonist Union kunye ne-Social Initiative yase-Aragon njengomzekelo oxabisekileyo wempumelelo ekwakheni umanyano olubanzi lwasekhohlo.

Indlela yePSOE

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