Ko boka revashandi rinozvisunungura sei kubva pakuva boka riri pasi uye rinoshandiswa zvisina kufanira? Apa ndipo patinoda kufunga nezvehurongwa hwese uye chiono chedu pamusoro pezvivakwa zvitsva zvekutsiva hutongi hwemacapitalist.
Boka revashandi rinofanirwa kuvaka kugona kwaro kuita izvi chaizvo. Kugona uku kunovakwa kuburikidza nekuwanda kana kushoma kwenguva refu maitiro e kuumbwa kwekirasi. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo boka revashandi rinokunda nayo fungidziro uye kupatsanurana kwemukati (semumitsetse yedzinza kana murume nemukadzi), uye inovaka kusatya, kugona kwesangano uye chido kuitira shanduko yemagariro. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo boka revashandi "rinozviumba" rive simba rinogona kupikisa zvinobudirira mapoka ekutonga kwekutonga kwevanhu. Izvi zvingangoda rudzi rwemubatanidzwa wemubatanidzwa unounza pamwechete masangano evashandi vepasi (akadai semibatanidzwa) nemasangano ezvekufambiswa kwemagariro akabuda achitenderedza dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekurwira mune imwe nguva - mibatanidzwa yemaroja, masangano ekururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza, uye mapoka anobuda akatarisana nedzinza nevarume. Uye nokudaro hurongwa hweshanduko hucharatidza zvakakosheswa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemafambiro aya. Kunyangwe chimiro chekirasi chakanyanya kukosha mu capitalism, kune akasiyana anodzvanyirira nzanga yecapitalist ine masimba avo - maererano nevakadzi uye kusaenzana kwemarudzi uye kudzvanyirira kwehurumende. Uye nekudaro agenda inoda kugadzirisa iyo yakawanda-layered maitiro ayo kudzvinyirirwa kunotora.
Asi ndeapi matanho anofanirwa kutariswa nesangano iri mukuchinjira kuSocialism? Muchokwadi zvichave zvakakosha kuti kubvumirana kubude mukati mekufamba kukuru kwakadai nezve shanduko yezvimiro yatinofanira kutanga.
VaSyndicalists vagara vachikakavadzana kuti basa rinokosha rekutanga mukushandukira kune inozvitonga yesocialism nderekutora zvakananga kwevashandi kwenzvimbo dzebasa - kugadzira masangano matsva egutsaruzhinji ayo vashandi vanogona kushandisa simba rakananga pamusoro pebasa. Chinhu chinokatyamadza cheshanduko yevashandi veSpain muna 1936-37 kwaive kubvutwa kwakapararira kwemaindasitiri uye kuunganidzwa kwevhu kumaruwa. Kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika zvenguva iyoyo zvakanga zvisingazivikanwi zvachose, sangano rekutonga kwevashandi rakanga risiri "rakangoerekana raitika." Varwi vemibatanidzwa muSpain vakakurukura kwemakumi emakore nezvekudiwa kwevashandi kuti vatore maindasitiri uye vaarongedze zvakare pasi pekuzvibata kwevashandi. Ichi chaive chikamu chegadziriro yavo yechimurenga.
Hurongwa hwedu hwekuvaka hutongi hwejekerere hunoda kugadzirisa zvimiro zvikuru zvehutongi hwemacapitalist izvo zvatiri kuda kutsiva - zvimiro zvezvimiro izvo zviri pamudzi wehutongi hwebasa hunodzvanyirira, kusaenzana kukuru, uye kuparadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kunoenderana ne capitalism. Hurongwa hwekudzvinyirirwa kwekirasi hwakadzika midzi muzvirongwa zviviri zvemasimba ekirasi izvo sangano rinofanira kuputsa. Chekutanga, isu tinofanirwa kubvisa hupfumi hwepachivande hwezvisiri zvevanhu nzira dzekugadzira, izvo zvinobvumira kutorwa kwakakura kwepurofiti kuvaka hupfumi hwevadiki, vane hupfumi hwepamusoro vanotonga nzanga.
Asi kuve muridzi wepachivande handiyo yega hwaro hwesimba remudzvanyiriri. Uye pano tinofanira kudzidza kubva mukukanganisa kwe20th zana remakore socialist movement. The 20th zana remakore rakaona kukura kukuru kwekirasi ichangoburwa inotonga - kirasi yekutonga, sezvandinoidana (kana kirasi yemurongi semaidanwa naMichael Albert). Simba rekirasi iyi rakavakirwa pakutonga kwavo pamusoro pesimba rekuita sarudzo (uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine hukama dzehunyanzvi) mumakambani nenyika, kuburikidza nepamusoro-pasi bureaucratic hierarchies. The bureaucratic control class inosanganisira mamaneja anodzora vashandi zuva nezuva asiwo nenyanzvi dzepamusoro-soro dzinoshanda nehutongi hwehutungamiri hwakadai semagweta emakambani, uye vanhu vanomhanyisa nyika, vakaita senyanzvi dzezvematongerwo enyika, vachuchisi, vatongi, mauto. ndarira. Bato rinorwira rusununguko rwevashandi rinofanira kuva nechirongwa chekubvisa simba reboka iri pamusoro peboka revashandi.
Pane zvikonzero zvakati kuti nei kubvutwa kwakapararira uye kuzvitonga kwevashandi kwakanangana neindasitiri kunofanirwa kuve basa rekukurumidza munguva yekunetsana kwakakosha pamusoro peramangwana renzanga:
- โข Kuputsa simba reboka rekutonga kwehurumende
- โข Kuona kuti zvido nezvishuwo zvevanhu zvazadzikiswa munguva inogona kuona kukanganisa kwakapararira
- โข Kutanga hurongwa hwekuronga patsva maindasitiri kuti aderedze kukanganisa kwawo kwezvakatipoteredza, kubvisa mhedzisiro yerusarura rwekare uye rusarura rwemarudzi, uye kugadzira nzvimbo yebasa inochengetedza hutano nekugara zvakanaka kwevashandi.
Vashandi vachafanirawo kuunza zvivakwa zvakasiyana pamwechete mumubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri kuti vaite kuronga nekurongeka kweindasitiri yese. Pasina nzira yekubatanidza kutonga uye mutemo weindastiri, mapoka evashandi anodzora zvimwe zvivakwa anogona kurwisana mumwe nemumwe mumakwikwi. Vashandi vaizove neatomi uye simba ravo rekugarisana richiderera. Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo zvivakwa zvecapitalist zvinotorwa, makambani akasiyana anogona kunge aine zvinzvimbo zvekukwikwidza zvakasimba kana zvisina kusimba, uye vamwe vashandi vanogona kuwana mihoro yakaderera kana kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaipa. Nheyo yakakosha yemubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri ndeyekurwira "kutora mihoro nemamiriro ezvinhu mumakwikwi." Chakanakira kurongeka kweindasitiri yese kuburikidza nemubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri ndechekuti inoita kuti vashandi vakwanise kuwana zvirinani mamiriro ezvinhu. Uyezve, kupatsanura vashandi kuva mafemu anokwikwidzana kwaizoita kuti boka revashandi rive nesimba, richivaisa munzvimbo isina kusimba munzanga.
Makongiresi evashandi neSimba rezvematongerwo enyika
Rimwe basa guru iro boka rekushanda rinofanira kutora munguva yekuchinja kwevanhu vari kuwana simba rezvematongerwo enyika - simba rekusarudza mitemo inokosha uye chimiro chevanhu vose. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti hapana kirasi nyowani inokwira kuti izvimise seboka idzva revadzvanyiriri. Kuti aite izvi, masangano evashandi akatora nzvimbo dzebasa dzakasiyana-siyana anogona kuronga kusarudzwa kwevamiriri vanodzoserwa kubva kumagungano epabasa kuenda kumakongiresi evashandi kudunhu riri pedyo uye zvakare kudunhu rakakura uko hurongwa hwechimurenga huri kuitika. Izvi zviri kuvaka vashandi vezvematongerwo enyika kubva pasi.
Pano tingasangane nechishoro chinobvira. Isu takajaira kufunga nezvenzvimbo ye "hurumende yedemokrasi" apo vanhu vanosarudza vezvematongerwo enyika kuti vamiririre vanhu mudunhu, zvichienderana nekodzero yepasirese yekuvhota. Saka zvingafungwa kuti magungano emunharaunda nemakongiresi enhume dzinobva kunharaunda dzingakwana kuti pave nehurongwa hutsva hwehurumende.
Maitiro echimurenga anoshanda kusunungura vashandi kubva mukuzviisa pasi kune capitalist uye bureaucratic control makirasi anoda kuputsa simba iro boka rekutonga rinoshandisa pane zvese kugadzirwa uye nyika. Kuita uku kungangounza kushorwa kukuru kubva kuvanhu vari mumapoka aya vanorasikirwa nemasimba. Mamaneja nenyanzvi dzepamusoro dzine simba rinotyisidzirwa kana kubviswa vanogona kupikisa kurasikirwa kwavo kwesimba. Uyezve, vane hunyanzvi hwekutaura nekunyora uye kuronga kuvaka masangano uye kuronga mumagungano emunharaunda nemakongiresi evamiriri vevakidzani kuti vafambise zvido zvekirasi yavo, uye kuyedza kuchengetedza basa rine simba rekirasi yavo. Vanogona kuvaka mapato ezvematongerwo enyika anosundidzira chirongwa chinoshandura simba kune vepamusoro-soro nyanzvi nemaneja. Saka ini ndinofunga kuti fungidziro yenzvimbo yehutongi hwesocialist ingangotungamira kune manejimendi bureaucracies akagadzirirwa kudzora vashandi munzvimbo dzebasa.
Kudzivirira izvi, panofanirwa kuve nesimba rezvematongerwo enyika rinobva pavashandi nemagungano avo nemasangano anodzora kugadzirwa. Aya ndiwo masangano anogadzira uye anodzora makongiresi evashandi.
Social Self-defense uye Mushandi's Militia
Chikamu chepakati chehurumende chinoshandiswa kudzivirira zvido zvemakirasi anotonga mapurisa nemauto - chibhakera chesimbi chehurumende. Aya masangano akagadzirirwa kudzivirira hutongi hwemacapitalist uye kuchengetedza ruzhinji. Izvi zvinoreva kuti boka revashandi richada kuvatsiva kana vachidzora nzanga. Mune ese marevolutions echiSpanish neRussia izvi zvakaitika muchidimbu kuburikidza nemaitiro apo zvikamu zvakakura zvenzvimbo uye faira zvakaenda kune rumwe rutivi rweboka revashandi.
Chikamu chehurongwa hwehutongi inzira iyo kuzvidzivirira kwevanhu kunorongwa. Pane mukana wekupinda kunze kwenyika - senge simba riri kuedza kudzoreredza capitalism. Vanhu vachadawo dziviriro kubva kuvanhu kana zvikwata zvematsotsi vanoita zvekubira, zvinopesana nemagariro evanhu kana zvechisimba - kurova, kana kuedza kubira midziyo yeruzhinji. Panguva imwecheteyo, panofanirwa kuve nehurongwa hwakanaka hwekutsvaga kuti munhu ari kupomerwa mhosva dzakadai ane mhosva yechokwadi here - zvichibva paumbowo nemabasa evashandi vakaita seavo vari muma laboratori emapurisa. Vanhu vanoda kusununguka mukusachengeteka kubva mukutyisidzirwa kwechisimba. Hongu, munharaunda umo bato reruzhinji vakadzvinyirirwa rawana simba, mabasa ekuzvidzivirira - akadai sechipurisa - angada kuitwa zvakasiyana nemhando yemapurisa ane chisimba, rusaruraganda uye hutongi hwemajeri huri muUSA. parizvino. Kubva pavakatanga mukutanga 19th zana remakore, mapurisa muU.SA anga ari chikamu chepakati chehurumende yerusarura yekudzvinyirirwa kwemapoka. Saka chipurisa chinoda kuvakwa patsva pane imwe nzira. Zvikumbiro zvakakasharara zvemauto zvakagara zvichifunga izvi sezvakatorwa munharaunda yaine masimba, semauto echikadzi muchimurenga cheKurdish muSyria. Saka pfungwa ndeyekusamanikidza mapurisa ekunze erudzi rwechiuto anopindura kuvatungamiri venyika chete.
Muchimurenga cheSpain, kurwisana pamusoro pesimba rezvematongerwe enyika kwakatamba sekurwisana pamusoro pekutonga kwebasa rekuzvidzivirira kwevanhu. Hondo yevagari vemuSpain yakatanga apo mauto emubatanidzwa akakunda mauto munzvimbo huru yeSpain nerutsigiro rwezvimwe zvikamu zvechiuto nefaira. Syndicalist CNT yakabva yavaka yayo "uto revanhu". Vakuru ("mukuru wevamiriri") vakasarudzwa mumutsara wega wega wemauto. Mapoka madiki akasiyana-siyana ari mukoramu akasarudza vamiriri ku "komiti yehondo" - komiti yekutonga yekoramu. Masangano emubatanidzwa eCNT akagadza komiti yezvekudzivirirwa kwenyika kuti ipe kutonga kwemauto ayo. Iri raive danho rekutungamira kwesimba rezvematongerwo enyika revashandi.
Chimiro chakakura muCNT chakabata kuti masangano anofanirwa "kutora simba." Kuita izvi muCatalonia kungadai kwakareva kupidigura nyika yedunhu uye kusarudza kongiresi yevashandi kubva kumubatanidzwa uye magungano epabasa - kuronga nzira nyowani yedunhu uye kumisa hurongwa hwekuronga kwehupfumi hwegutsaruzhinji. Vakatsigirawo kusarudzwa kwakananga kwemakanzuru edziviriro ematunhu nemunyika kubva kumagungano. Izvi zvaizopa gwara rose kune mauto akabatana - anodzorwa nemagungano ese evashandi nemasangano akawanda, kwete CNT chete.
Tinogona kuona vashandi congresses (uye vakasarudzwa kanzuru yekuzvidzivirira) sekugadzira chikamu chekutonga chakagadzirwa neruzhinji masangano evashandi veboka rezvematongerwo enyika simba uye kudzivirira kubva pakugona kwekuzviisa pasi kwevashandi patsva mukugadzira. Kana boka rekushanda richidzivirira kuti rimwe boka rinotonga rirege kubuda kumusoro kana utsi hwapera, masangano akawanda evashandi anofanira kuva nekutonga kwakananga pamusoro pesimba guru rezvombo munzanga. Kana iyo bureaucratic control class yaizowana kutonga kwemapurisa nemauto mabasa, vaizoshandisa simba iri kurwisa kudzora kwevashandi kwekugadzira.
Pfungwa yekuti vashandi masangano eruzhinji anofanirwa kuwana hutongi hwemasimba ane zvombo munharaunda mune revolution inguva yakareba yakamira syndicalist musimboti. Saka muna 1922 nheyo dze syndicalist International Workers Association Akati:
"MaSyndicalists musakanganwa kuti kurwisana kwakasimba pakati peCapitalism yanhasi neCommunism Yemahara yemangwana, haizoitike pasina kudhumhana kukuru. Vanoziva mhirizhonga, naizvozvo, senzira yekuzvidzivirira nayo kunzira dzechisimba dzemapoka anotonga, mukurwisana kwevanhu vanomukira nokuda kwekubvutwa kwezvishandiso neminda. Sezvo kubvutwa uku kusingagone kutangwa uye kuendeswa kune imwe nyaya yakabudirira kunze kwesangano reshanduko rehupfumi revashandi, saizvozvowo kudzivirira kwechimurenga kunofanira kunge kuri mumaoko emasangano ehupfumi ayaโฆโ
Neighbourhood Assemblies uye Social Accountability
Zvechokwadi ndezvechokwadi kuti zvisarudzo zvakawanda pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwevanhu zvinokanganisawo vamwe vanhu kunze kwevashandi mune imwe indasitiri. Nekudaro, kana vashandi vasingadzore basa ravo rebasa uye nzvimbo dzebasa, ipapo mamwe kirasi achaita - uye nokudaro hutongi hwekudzvinyirirwa kwekirasi huchaenderera mberi.
Zvakangodaro, sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana pamusoro penzvimbo yebasa dzichabata vanhu kunze kwevashandi venzvimbo iyoyo yebasa - vatengi vezvinhu kana masevhisi, vanhu vari mudunhu vanokanganiswa nemhepo kana kuburitswa kwemvura kubva panzvimbo iyoyo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masangano evashandi anozvitonga ega maindasitiri achafanirwa kuzvidavirira munharaunda kune ruzhinji rwavari kugadzira zvinhu nemasevhisi, uye nekuzvidavirira kune ruzhinji rwevanhu vanogovana ecological commons.
Upfumi hwemagariro hunoda kuti maindasitiri anotungamirwa nevashandi abudise zvinhu uye masevhisi anodiwa nemhomho yevanhu. Tinoita sei kuti tive nechokwadi chekuzvidavirira kunobudirira? Nzira yekuita izvi ndeyekumisa chikamu chakakosha mukuronga magariro emagungano emunharaunda uye vamiriri vematunhu kubva kumagungano emunharaunda aya. Izvi ndizvo zvandinodaidza kuti dual governance model yehupfumi hwevanhu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti isu tinotora zvakakomba zano rekuzvitonga pachedu pakuita sarudzo nezve zvinonetsa izvo vanhu vane sevatengi, vashandisi vemabasa eruzhinji, kana sevagari vanobatwa nenyaya dzezvakatipoteredza sekusvibiswa. Nemhando yehutongi hwehuviri, tinochengeta mushandi kuzvitonga kwemaindasitiri asi isu tinowedzera kuzvitonga kunobva mumagungano evagari vemunharaunda. Izvi zvinogona kuve hwaro hwekuzvitonga kwenharaunda kuronga zvinhu zveveruzhinji nesevhisi, kuchengetedzwa kubva mukusvibiswa uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinobata vanhu sevatengi kana vagari munharaunda. Iri ndiro basa rinoonekwa kune mushandi uye masangano emunharaunda mukuronga kwekutora chikamu kwakarongwa naMichael Albert naRobin Hahnel. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuzvitonga kwesocialism kungave ne "kupatsanurwa kwemasimba" pakati pemasangano evashandi sevashandi congresses uye masangano emunharaunda akadai semagungano emunharaunda.
Izvo Marxists Zvinokanganisa
Iyi pfungwa yesimba rezvematongerwo enyika inosiyana sei nezvinowanzotaurwa neveMarx? Kuti uone mutsauko zvinobatsira kutarisa kabhuku kaJohn Molyneux The Future Socialist Society. Molyneux inopa pfungwa yedemocracy yesocialism inoita kunge yakafanana nemaonero e syndicalist. Anokurudzirawo kuti mapurisa epamusoro-pasi nemauto atsiviwa nemauto evashandi vegutsaruzhinji:
โMauto echiuto nemapurisa ekare achaparadzwa โ kutaura zvazviri vanenge vatoparara kuti chimurenga chibudirire. Vachatsiviwa nemasangano evashandi vane zvombo - mauto evashandi. โฆKunze kwekunge chimurenga chichifanirwa kurwisa hondo yevagari vemo kana kupinda, kushanda mumauto kuchange kuri kutenderera kuitira kudzidzisa nekubatanidza huwandu hwevashandi mukudzivirira simba ravo nechisimba, uye kuona kuti mauto. usazviparadzanise kubva kuboka revashandi rose zvaro.
Mauto achange achitungamirawo mutemo wemazuva ese uye kurongeka - basa iro, nekuda kwemidzi yavo munharaunda, vachaita zvinobudirira kupfuura mapurisa ecapitalist. Vakuru vese vemauto vachasarudzwaโฆ "
Molyneux anoonawo musangano wedunhu uye wenyika wevashandi sehwaro hwesimba revashandi rezvematongerwo enyika, kunyangwe achivadaidza kuti "makanzuru evashandi":
โMakanzura evashandi masangano ematunhu enhume dzinosarudzwa kubva kumabasa izvo zvinozotumira nhumwa kukanzuru yevashandi yenyikaโฆ. Hutongi hwejekerere hwemakanzuru evashandi huchabva mukukakavadzana nekukurukurirana uye pakukwanisa kwevavhotiโฆ kutonga vamiririri vavo. Iyo nzira yekutonga iyi ichave iri nyore kwazvo. Kana vamiriri vakasamiririra zvido zvevavhoti vavo vanongodzorwa votsiviwa nemisangano yakawanda mumabasaโฆ
Mapato ezvematongerwo enyika akasiyana, kana achinge achitambira hwaro hwechimurenga, achange achishanda akasununguka mukati memakanzuru, nebato rine rutsigiro rwakawanda kubva kuvashandi vanoumba hurumende. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri bato riri kutungamira chimurenga.โ
Asi chii ichi "hurumende" iyo yakaparadzana kubva kumakongiresi evashandi? Muchimurenga cheRussia, Council of People's Commissars yaive "hurumende" asi yakangotora masimba ehurumende yekare yetsarist uye yaive mukuita isiri pasi pekutonga kweSoviet Congress.
Molyneux anoziva basa rakakosha resimba revashandi kutonga pamwe chete maindasitiri, kunyangwe achiidana "kutonga kwevashandi":
โKudzora kwevashandi maindasitiri kwakakosha. Boka rinoshanda risingakwanisi kudzora nzvimbo dzaro dzebasa harizokwanisi kudzora nyika yaro. Kana kutonga kwemaindasitiri matsva ehurumende kukaendeswa kune yakasarudzika, sezvakaitika kuRussia, ipapo nekukurumidza kana kuti gare gare izvi zvichauya kuzopa simba munharaunda uye mapoka emapoka achazvimisa zvakare. "
Asi zvinhu zvinobva zvanyanya kana atanga kutaura nezve kugarisana kwehupfumi kuchaitika:
"Nzira yepamutemo iyo simba rehupfumi richasimbiswa nayo ndeโฆkuita nyikaโฆ.. kutorwa kuri kuita kwemakambani makuru nemaindasitiri. Mabhizinesi madiki anoshandisa mushandi mumwe chete kana vaviri anogona kunyanya kusiiwa kune gare gare. Basa riripo nderekutora masimba emasimba ehupfumi, e'nzvimbo dzinoraira'โฆโ
Ndinofunga tinogona kuona pano kuti pane kusapindirana kwepakati pano. Kusikwa kwemakongiresi evashandi hakugone kuitika pasina bato rakapararira rakarongeka revashandi mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana - nemasangano akawanda semibatanidzwa, uye akasarudzwa kanzuru yevatariri nemisangano yevashandi. Asi kana paine kufambiswa kwakawanda uku kwesimba revashandi uko munzvimbo dzebasa, sei bato iri risingakwanise kutanga nzira yekudyidzana kwemaindasitiri kubva pazasi? Mune mamwe mazwi, wadii kuita kuti sangano revashandi vepasi rino ritore maindasitiri, uye vagadzire ivo pachavo kutonga kwedemocracy. kugadzirwa?
Pasi pekufunga kwaMolyneux kune sangano rakasiyana nemusangano wevashandi rinonzi "hurumende" uye sangano iri rinofanirwa kutora hutongi hwemaindasitiri kubva kumusoro kuburikidza ne "nyika." Tinogona kuona dambudziko pano pakarepo. Chii chinonzi "nyika"? Pfungwa yakajairika yekusarudzika nyika ndeye apo nyika inogadzira iyo yekambani-maitiro manejimendi ekuraira chimiro nevashandi vari pasi peiyi kutonga bureaucracy. MaBolshevik pavakaita nyika hupfumi hweRussia muna 1918, vakagadzirawo fomu repamusoro-pasi rehurongwa hwepakati, uye vakagadza mamaneja kubva kumusoro kuti vadzore vashandi. Saka fungidziro yaMolyneux yemaitiro ekutora indasitiri neโhurumendeโ kuburikidza neโnyikaโ mukuita ingangoparadza chero hutongi hwevashandi muindasitiri. Muchokwadi iyo ichaisa nhanho yekubuda kweiyo bureaucratic control class seyo itsva vadzvinyiriri kirasi. Ndosaka ndichiti chirevo chake hachipindirani.
Tom Wetzel ndiye munyori we Kukunda Capitalism, inouya kubva kuAK Press.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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