Nepo danho repamutemo reRio Earth Summit 1992 raive "ramangwana redu tese", musangano weRio+20 muBrazil Chikumi uno unotaura nezvegwaro renhaurirano rinonzi. Ramangwana Ratinoda.[1] Mubvunzo wekuti, ndiani uyu "isu"?

 

 

Neoliberal kirasi kufarira

Kune network Bhizinesi Action yeSustainable Development, iyo "isu" ndiyo "yakavanzika chikamu".

 

Vazhinji pasi rose ndevamwe vemasangano akazvimiririra, vangave vanozvishandira, vezvemabhizimisi, varimi kana makambani madiki neari pakati nepakati pamwe nevemabhizimisi makuru enyika dzakawanda. Bazi rakazvimiririra rinogadzira zvinhu zvakawanda uye masevhisi anoshandiswa mazuva ese uye nekudaro anofanirwa kushingaira kugadzirisa mikaha yekuita iyo inotadzisa kubudirira kwezvinangwa zvebudiriro.[2]

 

Ichokwadi kuti bhizinesi rinotungamirwa nekukura ndiro rinokonzeresa dambudziko repasi rose, asi hachisi chokwadi kuti bhizinesi rinopa zvinodiwa nevanhu vazhinji. Kutanga, ruzhinji rwevarimi vezvekudya pasi rose vakadzi vari kuMaodzanyemba kwenyika. BASD's inflated claim inotora uye isingaonekwe akati wandei "mamwe" mapoka ehupfumi. Varimi, vanaamai, vabati vehove uye vaunganidzi, kunze kwemari uye vanoshanda zvakananga nematenderedzwa echisikigo, vanosangana nehupenyu hwemazuva ese kune ruzhinji rwevanhu pasi.[3] Uyezve, iyi "meta-industrial" kirasi inoshandisa nzira dzekupa uye "tekinoroji dzechivanhu" dzinotobatanidza kungwarira uye kusimudzira.[4] Zvavo ndezvechokwadi "green jobs".

 

Vashandi veMeta-industrial vanoumba hwaro hwakakura kwazvo hwezvinonzi Occupy Movement zita repasi rose 99%. Uye zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemeta-industrial chaivo vakadzi, Maodzanyemba neMaodzanyemba, vari kuita basa rinosimbisa hupenyu hwekubereka. Kana vakakwanisa kunzwikwa kuRio+20, ipapo nhanho yakakosha yedemocracy yepasi rose uye kugadzikana ichave yaitwa. Kukosha kweizvi kuchiri kubatwa nevakawanda vari Kuruboshwe. Zvakadaro, musimboti, tIye zvino ave nemakore gumi eWorld Social Forum anogona kushanda semudziyo wekukwevera pamwechete manzwi evashandi, evakadzi, echivanhu, uye ezvipenyu.[5] Vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwekuita-maindasitiri uye hunhu hwave kutoshanda muWSF - sehutongi hwekudya kwevarimi uye nharaunda dzenharaunda, sevakadzi vanorwisa-chepfu varatidziri uye vanorwira runyararo. Uye meta-industrial consciousness iri pachena mukutsoropodza kwebiocolonialism yakagadzirwa neboka reETC (Erosion, Technology, Convergence). Sezvo WSF yakatarisa kuRio+20, iyo Thematic Social Forum iri kutenderedza mubatanidzwa wakasimba wezvinonetsa zvakagovaniswa mu 'Rimwe Ramangwana Rinogoneka: Huya Kuzogadzirazve Nyika kuRio+20'.[6] Nechinyakare, sangano rega rega rezvemagariro rakange riine zvinangwa zvaro uye hurukuro, iyo varwiri veWSF vanonetsekana nayo. Ikozvino, kusimuka kweOccupy neIndignados kunogona kureva kutenderera kutsva kweKuruboshwe kuzviongorora.[7]

 

 

Zvichakadaro, meseji yekambani yeBASD nemamwe ibhisho rekusimudzira masangano akazvimirira seanonyanya kutsigira uye "mazano man" ekugadziridza masangano ekutonga pasi rose. Nzira iyi yakaparidzwa neBusiness Council for Sustainable Development muna 1992 sezvo yaitungamirira UNCED, yekutanga Rio.[8] Nhasi, Elliott Harris anobva kuIMF, anozivisa GEI (Green Economy Initiative) yakavakirwa pa "kusimba kwehupfumi hwakavakirwa pamusika" asi ichitsigira izvi ne "inobatana masangano".[9] Hazvishamise kuti sangano revarimi Via Campesina, iro rinotungamira tambo yeWSF uye yepasi rose kirasi yevagadziri vemeta-industrial, inoverenga Rio+20 Green Economy se.

 

… chimwe chikamu chezvatinozivisa se "green structural gadziriso zvirongwa" zvinotsvaga kuwiriranisa uye kuodha patsva misika yenyika nemirairo kuti zvipe kune inokurumidza kuuya "green capitalism".[10]

 

 

Tekinoroji innovation ichave yakakosha mukuunganidza mari kuburikidza neiyi Green Economy. Asi kukwidza ikoko kunoreva kuramba kuchiwedzera zviwanikwa, kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kusvibiswa kwesimba. Mumashoko eETC, vanotsigira sainzi yevanhu,

 

Pfungwa huru ndeyekutsiva kubviswa kwepetroleum nekushandiswa kwebiomass (chikafu uye zvirimwa zvefiber, uswa, zvakasara zvemasango, mafuta ezvirimwa, algae, nezvimwewo). Vatsigiri vanofungidzira ramangwana repetroleum apo kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri (mapurasitiki, makemikari, mafuta, zvinodhaka, simba, nezvimwewo) zvinoenderana - kwete nemafuta emafuta - asi pabiological feedstocks inoshandurwa kuburikidza nepamusoro tekinoroji bioengineering mapuratifomu. Mazhinji emakambani makuru pasi rose nehurumende dzine simba zvikuru dziri kukurudzira kushandiswa kweruzivo rutsva [asi rusina kuongororwa] runosanganisira genomics, nanotechnology uye synthetic biology kushandura biomass kuita zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro.[11]

 

Zviripachena, iyo Green Economy ndeye denderedzwa uye kuzvikunda zano kubva pakuona kwezvakatipoteredza.

 

 

Kugadzira hutongi hwepasi rose

Nyaya dzakakosha dzeRio+20 ndidzo kuwana simba uye kubudirira; kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu nekurima kunoenderera mberi; mabasa egirini uye kubatanidzwa kwevanhu; urbanisation; kutarisira mvura; marara emakemikari; oceans; kuderedza njodzi nenjodzi. The gkuvandudzwa kweiyo global capitalist system inoonekwa se "kubatanidzwa" kwehupfumi uye ecology. Panguva imwecheteyo, bhizinesi neUN vanopokana kuti "izvishandiso zvitsva" zvekupa mari izvi zvinofanirwa kuenderana ne "Doha Development Round ye multilateral trade negotiations". The mmamwe maitiro makuru emifananidzo kune iyi inopokana hegemony ndeiyi:

   - Inofambisa kushandura UNEP kuita World Environment Organisation;

   -Inofamba yekuongorora kugona kwePasi System Governance;

   -Inofamba yekuongorora itsva Global Financial Architecture.

Tivo World Bank, International Monetary Fund, mabhanga ebudiriro ematunhu, UNCTAD neWorld Trade Organisation vachakumbirwa kuti vatarise zvinokonzeresa magariro ezvisarudzo zvavo. Uye mukuita izvi, aya neoliberal vamiririri vekusagadzikana munharaunda uye kuomerwa vanowana kutsva kwezvematongerwo enyika.

 

Nenhungamiro kubva kuUNEP, Ramangwana Ratinoda, chirongwa chinozivikanwawo seZero Draft, chinodudza mazwi ereferensi uye zvingangoitika zveRio+20. Inovaka pazvibvumirano zvekare zvakaita seAgenda 21, Johannesburg Declaration, Monterrey Consensus, Doha Round, Istanbul Chirongwa cheNyika Dzisina Kubudirira, uye iyo Bali Strategic Plan yeTekinoroji Tsigiro uye Capacity Building. Zero Draft inotsigirawo musimboti weRio wa1992 we "basa rakajairwa asi rakapatsanurwa" mukutsanangura patsva hukama pakati pevakapfuma pasi rose Maodzanyemba uye inodaidzwa kuti "kusimudzira" Maodzanyemba. Asi nepo kukosha kwekubvisa urombo kubva pasirese kuri kumberi mune ino yenhaurirano chinyorwa, mamwe akakosha "p" mazwi anoshaikwa. Izwi rekutanga rakadaro ndere "simba" uye rechipiri "purofiti".[12]

 

 

Rio+20 inotenderera ichionekwa nemanetiweki, masangano ekusimudzira, matangi ekufunga, mawebhusaiti, uye makonferensi. Iyo Canada yakavakirwa IISD (International Institute for Sustainable Development) inozvipa iyo yakazara "ruzivo manejimendi chirongwa" mukugadzirira iri kuuya "innovation tsika". Zvikumbiro zviri kuuya online kubva kumitumbi yakakomba seNew Economics Foundation uye World Future Council. The feminist network Vakadzi muEurope yeCommon Future varikubatanidzwa; makurukota anobva kuCongo anodaidzira hurongwa hutsva hwehurumende; global misangano yemitemo inoitwa nevafambisi vane mazita ane ruzha seBright Green Learning. MuLondon, A Planet Under Pressure kuungana kunoitwa pasi pehurongwa hweRoyal Society. Inotsanangurwa sekupa hutungamiriri hwesainzi kuRio+20, zvinzvimbo zveplenary zvinoenda kuWorld Bank, Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri weKambani yeShell Oiri, uye Mukuru weSainzi weUK. Kunyoreswa kwekupinda kunoiswa paGBP 400 pamusoro.[13] Kune imwe nzvimbo, Lund University yekuSweden, Australian National University, neTokyo's UN University dziri kupihwa mari yekuitisa misangano yeEarth System Governance.

 

Asi veruzhinji vanofunga vakaoma mutezo mukuwanda kwemaacronyms akadai IEG (International Environmental Governance); 10YFP (10-Yegore Framework yezvirongwa pa Sustainable Consumption and Production); CPR (Komiti yeVamiririri Vechigarire); EMG (Environment Management Group); IPBES (Intergovernmental science-policy platform on biodiversity uye ecosystem masevhisi); GLISPA (Global Islands Partnership); ISFD (Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development); SAICM (Strategic Approach kune International Chemicals Management; UNON (Hofisi yeUnited Nations kuNairobi) uye kunyange MOMBE (Komiti Yese). Mashoko evanhu angava asinganzwisisike uye anowedzera kushayisa simba simba here?

 

Kana Rio+20 ikasawana chimwe chinhu, ichagadzira nhaurwa itsva uye ine homogening yehutongi hwepasirese, tarisiro yakagovaniswa yemagariro uye zvinhu mumarudzi, makirasi, uye miviri. Asi musika logic se "carbon trading", "geo-engineering", kana "climate smart agriculture" haigone kudzoreredza hupenyu hwakaputsika-tsigiro-masisitimu. - World Watch Institute inoverenga kuti 60% ye "masevhisi" echisikigo akaparadzwa neindasitiri kubvira Hondo Yenyika II.[14] Dambudziko nderekuti hupfumi hunotsanangura nzvimbo isingatarisirwi yefungidziro dzevanhu, nepo ecology ichitsanangura nzvimbo chaiyo yekurarama. Pane kupesana kwakadzama kwekuziva pakati pemalenzi maviri ekuranga. Kubvumirana kwepasirese pakusawirirana kusingawirirane seGreen Economy hakuite zvishoma kune kusimudzira - kana democracy.[15] Asi, zvichaitwa neGreen Economy yakagadzirwa nevashambadzi vemahara, inodzamisa kusaenzana kwekuchinjana kwagara kuripo pakati penyika yeNorth neSouth. Muchokwadi, iyi GEI ingori nhanho inotevera munhoroondo yeeurocentric colonization.

 

 

Chikwereti chemagariro, chemukati, uye chezvakatipoteredza

Nokuti iyo hurongwa hwekuunganidza mari inogona chete kuramba ichishanda chero ichitora pane yakasara inopihwa nevamwe. Saka, capitalism yakavakirwa pachikwereti chemagariro kune vashandi vanobiridzirwa; chikwereti chakazara kuvakadzi vasina kubhadharwa nokuda kwekushanda kwavo kwekubereka; uye chikwereti chezvakatipoteredza kuvarimi nevatorwa chekuvapa ivhu nemararamiro avo.[16] Saizvozvo zvakare, nhoroondo yakaratidza kuti iyi nzira yekubvisa kubva munzvimbo dzinorarama dzemari inotsamira pakuvandudzwa kwekirasi yecomprador, inoshongedzwa nekurudziro necoloniser. Ichi ndicho chirevo chaicho che "budiriro" uye hukama hwesimba hwakadaro hunoitwa nhasi kuburikidza nemuchina weUN, kuburikidza nenyika yebhizinesi, uye nemayunivhesiti. Kubvunzana kwepamusoro-soro kweRio+20 parizvino kuri kudzora kirasi yemaneja yesainzi, vadzidzi, uye maofficial. Kazhinji, varevereri vakadaro vanobva kune vanhu vashoma kana matunhu ane urombo, asi kwete nguva dzose. Neoliberalism inosvika munzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi ... Nechikonzero ichi, kudana kwesangano reOccupy ku99% iongororo isina kukwana yezvido zvekirasi.

 

Semuyenzaniso, vakadzi pasi rose ndivo vari panjodzi huru yekuva nekodzero dzechimiro checomprador pavanenge vachiedza kubuda muudzvinyiriri hwemadzibaba, uye kuwana mamiriro ari nani munharaunda dzavo. The World March of Women nemamwe mapoka ezvechikadzi nokudaro anonangana nechimwe chinhu chezvamatongerwe enyika  sunga kaviri kana uchipindura Zero Draft inozivisa:

 

Tinodaidzira kuti tibvise zvipingaidzo zvanga zvichitadzisa madzimai kuti vatore chikamu zvizere munyaya dzehupfumi uye vaburitse zvavanogona sevanofambisa budiriro inoendeka, uye kubvumirana kukoshesa matanho ekusimudzira kuenzana kwevarume munzvimbo dzose dzenharaunda dzedu, kusanganisira dzidzo, mabasa, kuva nepfuma. , kuwaniswa kweruramisiro, kumiririrwa kwezvematongerwo enyika, kuita sarudzo dzemasangano, kupa rubatsiro uye kutonga kwemhuri nenharaunda.

 

Uku kutariswa kwevarume nevakadzi kunoratidzika kunge kusina kunaka, asi mucherechedzo wekuenzana ndewe "chirume chepasirese" - mufananidzo wakasarudzika wemukadzi akasunungurwa semunhu anogara semuchena, wepakati, murume. Mamiriro ezvinhu evakadzi haakosheswi – kazhinji nerubatsiro rwetekinoroji. Nenzira iyi, hunyanzvi hwakasiyana uye maonero anobatanidza ayo vakadzi vanodzidzwa kubva mumabasa ekubereka anodzikira uye "zvinoiswa" senzvimbo yechokwadi yeimwe nzira inosimbisa hupenyu.

 

Kuenzanisira tsika iyi yepakati: pamusangano wechimakumi mashanu nenhanhatu weUNCSW (Komisheni pamusoro peMamiriro evakadzi), Mutevedzeri weMunyori Mukuru weUN, Asha-Rose Migiro akatsigira chokwadi chokuti vakadzi vokumaruwa vanoumba chikamu chimwe muzvina chehuwandu hwevanhu pasi rose; rima ruzhinji rwechikafu chenyika; uye kuita basa rakawanda risina kubhadharwa. Hapana mubvunzo kuti mamiriro avo ezvinhu anoda kutariswa nezvematongerwe enyika. Asi mari yezvivakwa zvemvura uye simba rinodzokororwa, dziviriro yezvipenyu, uye kudzikisira nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, zvinogona kupa mabhenefiti akawanda kune vanopa pane vanogamuchira. Saizvozvovo, Executive Director veUN-Women's Michelle Bachelet akanongedza zvipingamupinyi mukusimudzirwa kwevakadzi uye akakurudzira kuti kuve nehanya pakati pevarume nevakadzi mumabhajeti enyika uye mubhizinesi. Kuti zvinhu izvi zvienderere mberi, musangano wepamusoro wakarongwa muna Chikumi, uchiitwa neBrazil.[17] Nekudaro, sezvirongwa zvechikwereti chidiki, matanho matsva aya anozotora vakadzi chinyararire sevatambi mu capitalist system.

 

Muhurukuro dzekugadzirira dzeRio+20, "vagari vemo" inoshandiswa nekunyengetedza uye kazhinji. Zvakadaro izwi iri rinokoshera misiyano yemagariro uye rinopedza zviuru nezviuru zvemakakatanwa epasi pasi pechimiro chisina kujeka cheugari uye hutongi hwejekerere. Pasi rose, vanhu vanoona maparamende enyika achitsvairwa pamusuwo unotenderera wemasutu - voona vasina kwekuenda kunze kwemigwagwa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero World Social Forum yakaumbwa zvichitevera Hondo yeSeattle. Ndosaka Bato reOccupy Movement for direct democracy rakatanga kumawere echuru zvichitevera tsaona yezvemari yechipiri muna 2011. Ndosaka, kuRio 2012 sezvakangoita Rio 1992 pamberi payo, People's Summit ichave iripo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza chinhambwe chakanaka. kubva kune zviri pamutemo UN uye kutongwa kwehurumende.[18]

 

 

The Great Chain of Being

Pamusoro peiyo Aristotelian hierarchy yeRio+20 panomira Secretary General Sha Zukang, mumiriri weChinese basa. Anogona kunge asina maoko-pamusoro pane Maurice Strong, muzvinabhizinesi wekuCanada akabhuroka UNCED muna 1992, asi ari kusundira. A Sustainable Energy for All Initiative, pamwe chete nekodzero dzevakadzi nedzechivanhu.[19] Zvinotarisirwa kuti mushure meRio+20, Komisheni yeUnited Nations yeSustainable Development (SD) inofanirwa kukwidziridzwa kuita Kanzuru - CSD ichiva SDC - uye ECOSOC (United Nations Economic and Social Council) ichava nekubatana kwakasimba uye basa rekuparidzira. Asi pari zvino, sepamusangano wa1972 weStockholm weMamiriro Evanhu, UNEP inoramba iri mota yeRio+20 pasi peMutungamiriri Mukuru Achim Steiner.

 

Sezvo UNEP's One Planet inotsanangura kudaro, kukwidziridza chiitiko cheRio kunoreva kuronga marudzi matatu evanhu - vehurumende, vehurumende, uye vasiri vehurumende. Muchikamu chehurumende, makurukota ehurumende kana vamiriri vavo vanosangana pasi pechirongwa cheGCSS-12/GMEF - kureva, UNEP Governing Council / Global Ministerial Environment Forum (Special Session 12). Ava vamiriri venyika vanoiswa kuti vatsanangure musanganiswa wemhando itsva dzeGreen Economy "dzakaenderana nemamiriro akasiyana emunharaunda uye enyika"; kamwechete "pro-kukura" asi zvichibva pachiyero chehutano chinodarika GDP. Hurumende dzinokumbirwa kuti dzigadzirise zviga zveMillenium Development Goals mugwara radzo nedonzvo rekuzadzisa izvi mugore ra2015.[20] Mukuita basa iri, UN inoda kuti nyika dziteerere kune zvese zviri zviviri zvehurumende nezvisiri zvehurumende. Kudzidzira kweEarth System Governance kuri kuitika.

 

Bazi risiri rehurumende rakashongedzwa pasi peUN acronym GMGSF-13, inomirira Global Major Groups and Stakeholders Forum, parizvino muchikamu chayo chegumi nenhatu. Pano pakarongwa nzvimbo yemapoka eMadzimai, Vana neVechidiki, Marudzi, MaNGO, Vashandi neMibatanidzwa, Bhizinesi neIndasitiri, Sainzi neTekinoroji munharaunda, uye Vakuru venzvimbo. Kune zvakare chiyero, pamwe ad hoc, kune vanogadzira maonero edunhu. Asi pasina kubvumwa kwesimba re "simba" uye "purofiti" senzira dzehupfumi dze capitalism, panogona kunge paine huwandu hwakanaka hwekudyidzana kwemagariro mukubvunzana kweRio+13. Varongi veStakeholders Forum, saFelix Dodds, vachafanira kugara vakatarisa izvi, sezvichaita vatori vechikamu veWSF. Gadziriro dzekutanga dzinopa mutsindo kune "kukanganisa" senge murume kana mukadzi uye dzinza, asi kuongororwa kwekirasi hakuna. Panzvimbo iyoyo, vamiriri vebhizinesi vanotevera UK's New Economics Foundation mukutaura nezve "kujoinha madots", zvichiita kuti pave nekubatanidzwa kwe "mbiru nhatu" dzemagariro, hupfumi, uye zvakatipoteredza. Asi hunyanzvi hwekuongorora transdisciplinary hwaizodikanwa kukwevera kunze kuomarara uye kupokana kunowanikwa mune yakashata functionalist ajenda.[21]

 

UNEP inotenda kuti maonero eMapoka Makuru neVabatiri achasangana zviri nyore padingindira repasi rose reGreen Economy.[22] Zvichakadaro, chikamu chemakambani chiri kukurudzirwa nemunyori mukuru weUnited Nations, VaBan Ki Moon, kuti vasaine chibvumirano cheGlobal Compact, chiri kutenderera senzira yekodzero dzevanhu dzinobva pane gumi. ITUC (International Trade Union Confederation) inobvumirana neGreen Economy maitiro uye pfungwa yekuvaka kutsva kwehutongi hwepasi rose. Pamusoro pezvo, ITUC inokoshesa maitiro - kuwana, misimboti chaiyo, zvinangwa zvekongiri, uye kuzvidavirira. Saizvozvowo, ICS (International Council yeSainzi) inoda tsanangudzo dzakajeka uye kushandiswa kunoyerwa. Asi zvinoda kusimbiswa kuti kana zvinonetsa zveMapoka Makuru zvakabatanidzwa nenyaya dzekushanda paRio+20, ipapo kubvuma kumamiriro ezvinhu kuchaitika nekusarudzika.

 

Zvinoita sezvine chekuita nekuzivikanwa kwezvematongerwo enyika uye negwara remangwana reWSF neOccupy, kuti Mapoka Makuru ega akashumwa neIISD seanotaura mamwe maitiro vanhu vane basa rinosanganisira kubata-pamaoko kwemaitiro echisikigo.

   - Vakadzi vanoda kuti mari yavo yemumba isingabhadharwe ikosheswe;

   — Vanhu vekumusha vanoda kodzero dzevhu dzakachengeteka;

   - Varimi varimi vanoda kutariswa nezvehutongi hwechikafu chemuno.

Kudzokorora: ndeava vashandi vemeta-industrial vane kupa kwehupfumi hwemunharaunda uye kupa kwekutarisira kunotoratidza kufanana uye kusimba. Kugara munzvimbo dzemumba uye dzenzvimbo dze capital, meta-industrial basa rinonyanya kufuratirwa, kunyangwe nevakawanda Kuruboshwe. Zvakadaro munguva yedambudziko rezvakatipoteredza, pfungwa yekirasi yemeta-industrial inobatanidza zvine simba. Iyo inowedzera iyo yekirasi yesocialist kubatikana nevashandi vanogadzira maindasitiri. Inodarika pfungwa dzinopatsanura dzezvematongerwo enyika "zvekuzivikanwa" senge feminism kana indigeneity. Meta-industrial labour yakavakirwa pazvinhu mukugadzirwa kwemukati uye ecology maitiro. Mukuchengetedza hunhu-chimiro chemetabolism, chiitiko ichi chinopindirana netsika uye musimboti hachigadziriswe. Izvo zvakati, nezvikonzero zvenhoroondo, vakadzi pasi rese - pazasi chaipo peGreat Chain of Being - vachiri kuita basa risingakosheswe rekubereka-metabolic-ecology kupfuura zvinoita varume.

 

 

Meta-industrials v technocrats

Meta-industrial labour inotoratidza "green jobs" iyo UN, private sector, uye mibatanidzwa vanotarisira "kuburitsa" kubva mumhepo yakatetepa. Vashandi veMeta-industrial vanotosangana nezvido zvevanhu pasina kuparadza kutenderera kwezvakatipoteredza. Keynotes nemasachigaro emakomiti paRio+20 anofanira kutorwa kubva mukirasi ino. Pakuverengera kwedemocracy ivo vazhinji vepasirese uye pahuwandu hwekusimba ivo maneja ane hunyanzvi e "masevhisi echisikigo". Asi aripi mameta-industrial muGEC (Green Economy Coalition) arikuumba akatenderedza UNEP? Inotungamirwa naOliver Greenfield, GEC vanobatana vanosanganisira Vitae Civilis, Consumers International, International Institute for Environment and Development, WWF, Biomimicry Institute, International Trade Union Confederation, International Institute for Sustainable Development, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Ecologic Institute, Iyo Bellagio Forum yeSustainable Development, Aldersgate Group, Philips Global, Development Alternatives, iyo International Labor Organisation, SEED Initiative, World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Global Footprint Network, Ethical Markets Media, Iyo Caribbean Natural Resources Institute, The Natural Danho, uye Eco Union. Muchokwadi, kunyangwe meta-maindasitiri akawana chigaro patafura iyi

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