"Chero munhu ane simba rekuita kuti utende zvisina musoro zvine simba rekukuita kuti uite kusarongeka." - Voltaire, 1767
PAKUFUNGA nesarudzo dzemuUnited States dza2004, mutungamiri wenyika, VaGeorge Bush, vakazivisa musi wa10 Gumiguru pamberi pemusangano wevamiriri veCastro Cuban-America pamusangano wakaitwa kuWhite House kuRose Garden kuti hutungamiri hweUS hwaironga kuwisira mutungamiri wenyika VaFidel Castro muCuba. hurumende. Mukutaura uku, VaBush vakaraira zviri pamutemo Secretary wavo weHurumende, VaColin Powell, pamwe nemunyori wezvedzimba vakazvarwa kuCuba, Mel Martinez, kuti vave sachigaro weboka iro "richaronga mazuva ekufara apo hutongi hwaCastro hunenge husisipo…. kuvanhu veCuba nekuAmerica, uye tichange takagadzirira.”
Chiziviso chaVaBush, icho chakauya pamakore zana nemakumi matatu nemashanu ekutanga kwehondo yerusununguko kubva kuCuba kubva kuSpain, chakaiswa nguva yekusimudza tembiricha pakati pevanopesana naCastro America uye kuvakurudzira kuti vapinde muchirongwa cheBush-Powell chekurwisa Cuba. Achitaura kubva kuWashington akamiririra hana yenyika, Mutungamiri weUS akaruramisa hurongwa hwekugadzirisa matanho muCuba sezvinodiwa, achiti Castro aive aita "kuzvidza uye kuzvidza nehudzvanyiriri hutsva hwehutsinye hwakashatirisa hana yenyika".
Pamusoro peizvi, Bush akatepfenyura meseji yeredhiyo yemakumi mana-sekondi-refu muchiSpanish yakanangana nevagari vemuCuba. “Ndakamiririra vanhu veUnited States, ndinotumira kwaziso kunharaunda yeCuba. Tarisiro yangu ndeyekuti vanhu veCuba vakurumidze kuwana rusununguko nekodzero sezvatinoita… . Udzvanyiriri hauna nzvimbo muAmerica. Mwari ngavaropafadze vanhu vekuCuba vari kutatarika kuwana rusununguko,” vakadaro. Mharidzo yeredhiyo yakatepwa yakatepfenyurwa muna Chivabvu 40 neRadio Marti, nhepfenyuro yehurumende yeUS, uye yakavhenekerwa muCuba kuburikidza nemasetellite eGuantanamo Bay pamhemberero dzegore regumi nerimwe reCuba yawana kuzvitonga.
Cuban-America nemamwe mapoka anosanganisira vatsigiri vebapiro rekurudyi veUS vanga vachikurudzira White House kuti ichinje mutemo weCuba. Matunhu anopikisa Castro Cuban-America ndiwo ane masimba makuru pamapoka evapoteri anopikisa macommunist muU.S. Cuban-American National Foundation inotsigirwa nemari yakawanda nehurumende yeAmerica uye ine mahofisi epamusoro ari pedyo neWhite House paJefferson Street muWashington D.C. Asi sangano iri riri muFlorida, uye rine mahofisi ezvitsauko muChicago, Jacksonville, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New Jersey, Puerto Rico neTampa, ose anga achikurudzira nehutongi hweBush kuti vatore mutemo wekuchinja hutongi hweCuba.
Mukupindura, hutongi hweBush hwave kudyara nhevedzano yemaitiro ekutanga-kupindirwa eOperation Yemahara Cuba. Nechinangwa chekuwana rutsigiro rwechirongwa ichi chinopinda munyika, chekuyedza mvura, uye kuona shamwari nevavengi muLatin America, Colin Powell akataura nenhume dzeOrganisation of American States (OAS) nezvehurongwa hweUS hweCuba musi wa9 Chikumi. , 2003, vhiki mushure mekusaina Chibvumirano cheU.S.-Chile Free Trade Agreement mukuchengetedzwa kweAmerican Hyatt Regency Hotel, muSantiago, Chile. Powell akatsanangura Castro se "udzvanyiriri hwehudzvinyiriri huripo muhemisphere". Powell akanyatsofunga kuti pane kunetsana kwepfungwa pakati peMutungamiri Castro nevanhu vake. Vakataura kuti: "Takasvika kure kuti tisaenderere mberi nerwendo uye kubatsira vanhu veCuba kuti vazowana hurongwa hwegutsaruzhinji hwekuti vanogona kusarudza kuti vatungamiri vavo vangave ani kuburikidza nehurongwa hwegutsaruzhinji." Akakurudzira OAS kuita basa rakakosha mu "democracy transition"! muCuba. Akabvunza kuti: “Izvozvi zvinorevei mumashoko chaiwo?” Achipindura mubvunzo wake, akati: "Tinofanira kufunga kuti nyika ino, Cuba, yakamiswa neOAS." Airatidza pachena kuti Cuba haina kukodzera hutongi hwayo kana kuverengerwa kuOAS. Cuba inoramba yakamiswa kubva kuOAS pasi pekumanikidzwa kweU.S. kubva 1962. Asina hanya nekupikisa kubva kuBrazil, Argentina neVenezuela, Powell akaenderera mberi nekutaura kwake kuOAS. Mumwe haaigona kufuratira kufanana pakati peizvi nemafambisirwo eUS akarongwa kuUnited Nations uye kuChikwata cheArab Nations mukuyedza kuparadzanisa Iraq isati yapinda.
Dambudziko riri pano nderekutsanangura kana chiziviso ichi chiri chikamu chenguva refu yakamira nhoroondo diatribes, kushushikana uye hutsinye neUS kuCuba. Kana iko kuwedzera kweruvengo kutsva kuri kuitika kuLatin America zvachose, uye Cuba kunyanya, kubva kuBush management? Tichitarisa chiziviso chayo chazvino paCuba nemaitiro ekutanga-emptive maitiro uye nzira dzakashandiswa kuAfghanistan neIraq, munhu anofanira kubvunza kana iyi iri imwe nhandare ye "hondo yehugandanga" uye "shanduko yehurumende" mumabasa ekuenderera mberi kwehondo yeUS. pathology. Kana kuti ndeyekupisa maanti-communist, anti-Cuban manzwiro uye kusimudza kutya pakati peruzhinji rweUS kuti vatange imwezve hondo, nevamiriri veFlorida, avo vakaita basa rakakosha muHurumende yeFlorida musarudzo dzekupedzisira dzeU.S. (sezvo rakanga riri Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States rakasarudza kutsigira Bush pamusoro peAl Gore musarudzo iyoyo, uye kwete vagari vomuUnited States, sedemocracy yaizodaidzira) mumwoyo? Zvingangodaro zvese zviri pamusoro uye nezvimwe.
Mugore resarudzo, hutsinye hwaBush-Powell uye hurongwa hwekusanyara hweCuba hwaizofadza Gavhuna weFlorida nemukoma weMutungamiriri, Jeb Bush, pamwe nevanopikisa Castro Cuban-America. Florida inotarisirwa kunge iri vhoti ichavhota musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika yeAmerica dzinotevera. Bush muchiziviso chake chaGumiguru 10 akataura zvakare kuti US ichaomesa zvirango zvekufamba zvekuAmerica (izvi ndezvekuzvidza zvakananga danho reUS House of Representatives neSeneti apo Seneti yakavhota 59-36 kurambidza kushandiswa kwemari yehurumende kuti isimbise zviri kuitika. zvirambidzo zvekufamba kuenda kuCuba), uye zvakare kurwisa kuendeswa kwemari zvisiri pamutemo kuCuba.
Vazivisawo hurongwa hwekuwedzera huwandu hwemavhiza evatorwa vekuCuba vari kuAmerica uye vakati kuchaitwa hurongwa hwehutsinye hwekuzivisa vanhu vekuCuba nezvenzira dzakachengeteka dzekusvika kuUS. kuCuba kuti aparadze "ruzivo rwekurambidza" iyo Mutungamiri Castro ane nzvimbo yekudzivirira nyika yake kubva kuU.S. kupindira mune zvayo zvemukati. Bush akaratidzawo kuti akanga achigadzira "Komisheni Yerubatsiro muCuba Yemahara kuronga zuva iro communism yaizoparara".
Aya mazano pasina mubvunzo anoreva kuti Guantanamo Bay ichave muzinda weOperation Free Cuba. Ndege dzekutengesa dzichashanda kubva ikoko kutiza maCuba, uye maredhiyo neterevhizheni anonangidzirwa kuCuba achamiswa. Hukuru hwayo huri kukura sepadhi yekutangisa mauto haigone kufuratirwa.
Kuwedzera kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakadai kweNew American Empire's empire yekuwedzera basa repasi rose kunowedzera kuoneka kana munhu akangotsiva Cuba neIraq mukutaura kwaBush. Mazwi anozoenderana nehondo yake yeIraq fungidziro nemazano. Kana zviri zve "zvombo zvekuparadza kukuru", muCuba ndeyekugadzira zvombo zvipenyu. Mumwe haafanire kukanganwa kuti muna Chivabvu 2002 aimbove Mutungamiriri weUS, Jimmy Carter, akagamuchira Mubairo weNobel weRunyararo gore rimwe chetero, akaita rwendo runoshamisa kuCuba mushure mekunge US yataura nezvezvombo zveCuba. Rwendo rwake rwaisanganisira kushanya kunzvimbo dzesainzi dzinonzi dzaigadzira zvombo izvi, asi haana kuwana humbowo hwemhosva idzi. Carter ndiye aimbova Mutungamiriri weAmerica wekutanga kushanyira Cuba kubva pakaitika chimurenga cha1959 chakaunza Castro pachigaro.
Kana munhu akaunganidza kudya kwemafungiro e-anti-Cuban mukati meU.S. sarudzo dza2004 dzisati dzaitwa; kusvika muCuba neredhiyo/terevhizheni inofambiswa neGuantanamo Bay satellite ndiro; kutsigirwa kunoenderera mberi kwevanopikisa Castro Cuban vanopikisa; nzvimbo yezvemari yeU.S. muLatin America; iyo diplomatic venture paOAS inotungamirwa naPowell; zano remauto rine chekuita nekupomerwa kugadzirwa kwezvombo zvoutachiona; mashandiro achangoburwa neakavanzika eUS ekuvhiringa hurumende dzeLatin America (sedziya dziri muVenezuela neColombia) dzinosimudza tsiye kuU.S.; uye zviito zvekuranga kune avo vanotsigira Cuba; kufanana kwemaitiro ekurwisa kweIraq isati yasvika zvinova pachena.
ZVIMWE munhu angafunga kuti hutongi hweBush hunenge hwakanyanya kunyara uye kungwarira kudzivirira "democracy uye rusununguko" muCuba yakapihwa nhoroondo yekukundikana kwekuedza kweUS muCuba, iyo ingori 90 mamaira (anenge 145 km) mhiri. iyo Florida Strait. Kubva kuma1820s, Cuba yanga yakanangwa nevatungamiriri veUS senyika yaida kudzorwa nekuda kwenzvimbo iri padyo neUS. B. Johnson hutongi - hunoratidza kuti U.S. icharamba ichirwisa Cuba. Kuzvitutumadza, kusaziva uye kusagona zvakaratidzwa neveKennedy/Johnson manejimendi pakumukira kwaCastro hazvina kuzivisa hutongi hwaBush-Powell zvakakwana. Izvo zvakavamirira muCuba neLatin America zvachose zvinotarisirwa pasi. Sezvo US inodzika nhanho yehutsinye hwehupfumi nemauto kuCuba neLatin America, kuramba kwezvinangwa kunowedzera.
Parizvino zviripachena kuti US' yakaramba ichichera Mutungamiri Castro seanonyanyisa, mudzvanyiriri wehudzvanyiriri haana kusiyana nekupomera kwavo Saddam Hussein. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira vakakwanisa kugonesa vabatsiri vavo uye vagari vazhinji veU.S. Uye vanogona kuzviita zvakare mune yaCastro. Zvakangodaro, ndeipi angst chaiyo iyo US inayo nezveCuba? Pane mhinduro imwe chete - kusimba kweCuba. Kurudzi rudiki rwakadaro rwave rwakashinga zvinoshamisa mukuramba kwaro kuU.S. pasinei nezvirambidzo zveupfumi zvaityisidzira kuvhiringa hupfumi hwayo husina kusimba; kurambwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvekurapa; kutyisidzira kwehondo; uye diplomatic haranguing. Cuba yakamira kureba ichipokana nehutongi hweAmerica pasi rose kweanopfuura makore makumi mana. Yakanga yatora jasi rehutungamiriri muNon-Aligned Movement kupikisa hondo yeIraq uye kutungamira kurwira kurwisa Free Trade Area yeAmericas (FTAA). Pakupedzisira, yakapukunyuka kuputsika kweSoviet Union. Kupfuurirazve, Cuba yakaunganidza mafambisirwo emagariro uye vakangwara vavo kumashure kwekuedza kwayo. Cuba ichangobva kuita 21st Assembly yeLatin American Social Science Council (CLACSO), network yemasangano ekutsvagisa, muHavana. Castro akavhura musangano. Vazivikanwi vekuruboshwe vane mukurumbira vane nhoroondo dzepasi rose, vakaita saPerry Anderson, Noam Chomsky, Eric Toussaint, Samir Amin naRobert Dahl (Professor Emeritus paLatin America, Yale University), vakapinda musangano uyu. Pakati pevazhinji vakakosha veLatin America vakangwara uye vatungamiriri vezvemagariro evanhu vaive Atilio Boron (Argentina), Ana Cecena naPablo Gonzalez Casanova (vese Mexico) naEvo Morales (Bolivia). Ruremekedzo rwakawanikwa naFidel Castro mukuramba kuedza kweUS kutora kondinendi yeLatin America kunoshamisa. Cuba pasina mubvunzo yave kurova kukuru kune ego yeAmerica.
Chii chakachengeterwa iyo US kana ikaenderera mberi nehutsinye uhu kupfuura mabasa ekuvanda muCuba? Hutongi hweBush huchafanirwa kukwikwidzana neUS Congress neSeneti, uyezve nekusimba kunoramba kuchikura muLatin America pachayo. Nyika huru, dzine simba dzakaita seBrazil, Argentina neVenezuela dzinotsigirwa nehuwandu hwevanhu vataura zvakajeka kuramba kuri kukura kwehutongi hweUS hwehupfumi, hwemauto uye hwezvematongerwo enyika munyika dzavo uye mudunhu. Zvichangobva kuitika muBolivia (apo Mutungamiriri akamanikidzwa kusiya chigaro muna Gumiguru ndokupotera kuMiami sevamwe vatungamiriri vazhinji veUS-vanotsigira muLatin America vakatsigira neo-liberal ajenda), zvakaonekwa neLatin America vaongorori nevakangwara. nzira yekuchinja kwezvematongerwo enyika kuchiri kuuya. Zvese zviri kuitika izvi zvinoenda kutaura kuti Cuba haisi yega muhondo yayo yekurwisa Humambo hweU.S.
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