[Chinyorwa cheMupepeti weZNet: 'New Politics: a journal of socialist thought' yakakoka Michael Albert kuti apindure mubvunzo wekuti "Socialism Ichiri paAjenda?" Albert akapindura, uye vaviri New Politics vapepeti vakapindura, Albert ndokudaira. Pazasi pane mhinduro yaBarry Finger kuna Michael Albert. Zvidimbu zvina zvakabuda mubi-annual New Politics magazine, yakabatana kubva ku ZNet gakava mapeji ekuti iwe uwane nekukurumidza.]
Albert anobata dambudziko rakakura nekumutsa mibvunzo uye kusahadzika nezve kuchengetedza izwi rekuti "socialism" neavo vedu vanofarira shanduko yakakosha, yedemocracy yezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro. Zvichida zvingava zvakanaka, sezvaanofunga, kusiya izwi iri, sezvo zvarinoreva zvakasvibiswa mukuziva kweruzhinji, nerumwe rutivi, kuzivikanwa kwaro kwakakura nemamwe masangano ehutongi uye ehudzvanyiriri, uye, kune rumwe rutivi, neayo. kugamuchirwa kwakafara zvakaenzana sezwi rakakodzera remapato egutsaruzhinji kumadokero kweEurope ayo, achiri musimba, anga ari pamberi pakubvisa zvishoma nezvishoma nyika dzerubatsiro idzo ivo, pachavo, vakambopayona. Muchidimbu, "socialism" yakapedzwa nehunhu hwayo hwekutanga, hutongi hwejekerere-yakasvibiswa mupfungwa dzakakurumbira-sekuita nharo kuti irambe ichishandisa kushandiswa kwayo kunopesana.
Vazhinji vedu, mushure mezvose, takasiya "Communism" - takazvipira - nekuda kwekujekesa, kubvuma, iko (mis) kushandiswa kwezwi kune reactionary anti-communist Stalinist states.
Asi mubvunzo unomutswa naAlbert munhaurirano yake ye "Socialism 1" unopfuura wemazwi. Kuita pfungwa yake kunoda kuti tiise chero yakatsanangurwa shanduko semantic munhoroondo nemagariro. Albert sezviri pachena anozviziva izvi, asi ndinofanira kupikisa kuti kurapwa kwake kwedambudziko kunotangwa sei. Pano Albert anotiyeuchidza kuti izwi rekuti "socialism" rinowanzo shandiswa kune nzanga dzinodzvinyirira zvematongerwo enyika dzine "imwe mhando yehupfumi inosanganisira yehurumende kana yemubatanidzwa midziyo pamwe nemusika kana yepakati kuronga kugoverwa uye (rinobva) rakajairwa kupatsanurwa kwemakambani kwevashandi munzvimbo yebasa."
Pfungwa yekubva pakusabvumirana kwangu nemaonero akataurwa kana kutaurwa nekurukurirano yaAlbert yeโSocialism 1โ inogona kuwanikwa mundima yake yekutanga. "Socialism 1," anodaro, "iyo yaivepo (kana iripo) muSoviet Union yekare, kumabvazuva kweEurope yese, muChina, uye muCuba, yakashanda / inoshanda zvakanaka nemaitiro ehupfumi, kunyangwe iine mutengo wayo. uye zvikomborero. Kugovewa kwemari nehupfumi zvese zviri zviviri zvakangonaka muSocialism 1 kupfuura mune inofananidzwa hupfumi hwecapitalist uye kune kutarisisa zvakanyanya kumagariro eavo vakashata zvakanyanya. "
Albert anosiya fungidziro isingadzimikike yekuti anofarira mubatanidzwa pane nzanga dzakazvimiririra-zvivakwa-dzakarumbidzwa se "zvinofambira mberi mune zvehupfumi" nevazhinji vanyori veStalinism. Asi mukati mechisiko chapose pose cheโzviunganidzoโ zvinofungika, zvimiro zvoudzvinyiriri, Albert anobvuma kuti, ndizvo zvisinganyanyi kubatsira. Izvo zvisinganyanyi kubatsira, ndiko kuti, nekuti havagone "zvakanyatso [!] kufambisira mberi tsika dzinodiwa nezvinangwa zvatinoshuvira." Zvakangodaro, pazvisungo zvaro zvese zvetsika nemagariro, Albert anonyora kuti "Socialism 1 inobvisa imwe yeakanyanya kuomesesa misiyano isina kurongeka muhupfumi nesimba-semunaBill Gates ane hupfumi hwakawanda kupfuura nyika yese yeNorwayโฆ."
Zvinonzi naAlbert "Socialism 1," zvakave zviri nani kuzivikanwa se "Bureaucratic Collectivism." Ndiko kupokana kwehutongi hwejekerere hwechinyakaresocialism hunoda kuisa mumaoko eboka revashandi muchina wekutora chikamu unosanganisa hutongi hwejekerere hwezvematongerwo enyika nehutongi hwezvido zvevanhu; iyo inozadza masangano enzanga nemweya wekubatana uye iyo inosunungura nekuziva kufambira mberi kwenhoroondo nehupfumi, pakupedzisira, kubva mukudzvinyirirwa kwemapoka. Asi, apo-semu "socialism 1โณ-simba rehupfumi riri pakati pemawoko ehurumende inozvitonga, inozvisimudzira, "kuunganidzwa" kwakadai kunowana masimba asina kumboitika ehudzvanyiriri, kushandiswa neuranda. Ropafadzo dzeiyi "hutungamiri hwehutungamiriri" - mumweya wechikamu chaAlbert - dzakanangana nezvido nezvishuwo zvevanhu vazhinji venharaunda iyoyo uye haigone kugara kwekanguva pasina kubviswa zvachose kwekodzero dzese dzedemokrasi nemasangano kubva munharaunda. inotonga zvachose. Pfuma mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro inogona kuunganidzwa, asi haigone kugarisana; haingambovi pfuma, mupfungwa ipi neipi, yevanhu.
Kuongorora uhwu hutongi hwejekerere sehunoshanda zvakanyanya kana kuenzana kupfuura capitalism, sezvinoita Albert, hazvigoneke. Dambudziko rekubudirira kwehupfumi mu "bureaucratic collectivism," yeStalinism-iyo ye "Socialism 1โณ-inogara isingagumi munharaunda. Capitalism ine sehurongwa hwayo hwemhinduro dzehupfumi masangano anodzora enzvimbo yemusika, "ruoko rusingaoneki" - chaizvo, mitemo yekukosha, iyo inoda kucheneswa kwematambudziko kubvisa kuwandisa. Classical socialism ine semhinduro yekururamisa iyo inoshanda yedemocracy kubatikana uye kutarisa kwevanhu vazhinji muhupfumi hwemetabolism yenharaunda. Zvinoenderana nekutanga kwayo kubva pazasi uye inozvigadzirisa kubva pazasi.
Iko hakuna nzira yekuzvigadzirisa ku "Socialism 1." Nyika yeStalinist ine, ichokwadi, chirongwa chehupfumi, asi pasina nzira inogadzirwa nemukati yekuzvitonga chirongwa chinoramba chichitambudzwa nemabhodhoro, snags, disproportionalities, duplications uye squalor. Iyo inogara ichinyungudika pakati pekushandiswa kwehudzvinyiriri hwehudzvinyiriri, kuiswa kwekuwedzera kwehutongi hwekutonga uye kudiwa kwemafomu emusika kusimbisa kuda kwayo. Ndizvo chaizvo kusashanda zvakanaka kwehupfumi hwaStalinism, kushomeka kwayo kwakapararira, kunoburitsa kusakara kwezvinhu zvine hushamwari "kuenzana" izvo zvinovhiringa Albert. Asi kuseri kweiyo mirage yekuenzana kwezvinhu kune mutsauko unotyisa musimba remagariro uye ehupfumi pakati pevatongi veStalinist nevaridzi venhapwa, izvo zvinofukidza zvakanyanya simba rehukama nyangwe raBill Gates pasi pecapitalism.
Boka rinotonga reStalinist rinoshandisa zvese zvemagariro uye hupfumi hwenzanga-kusanganisira makirasi ayo ekushanda-senzvimbo yaro yemubatanidzwa icharaswa maererano nezvido zvayo zvisina kutariswa. Kunoganhurirwa bedzi nokusadzorwa kwomuzvarirwo kweโkurongaโ kwoudzvinyiriri. Asi apo kuyedza kwakakasharara kweStalinist maindasitiri kwaireva kudzvinyirirwa kwemararamiro evaridzi vayo, yakasimbisa nzara muUkraine, hurongwa hwekushanda kwegulag - mamirioni avanhu akatongerwa zvinobudirira, nekurohwa kwepeni, kuuranda nerufu. Iri isimba risingagone kuburitsa munhu ane capitalist. Nokuti hakusi kusvibiswa kwemararamiro ehupenyu kunotarisa huwandu hwehuwandu hwekusaenzana kwehupfumi pakati pemasangano akasiyana-siyana emagariro evanhu, asi kupesana kwemasimba evanhu. Simba remagariro rinobva mukuda kwehupfumi hwake hukuru harikwanise kudzivirira kunyangwe maGates ane simba kubva pakuputswa humambo hwake achirairwa nedare reCapitalist. Iye, mumashoko eStalinist, anogona kuderedzwa munharaunda kunyangwe hupfumi hwemunhu kupfuura zviroto zvechero munhu Stalinist apparachnik. Iri neanalogi iyi iyo chiyero chehukama chekusaenzana kwemagariro nehupfumi hunofanirwa kuyerwa. Uye zviri nechiyero ichi kuti maGates e capitalism anodzikira munzvimbo dzawo dzehukama neStalins neMaos of bureaucratic collectivism uye pasina anofananidzwa necapitalist mumwe.
Pakupedzisira handitarisiri kuti Albert agoverane nechido changu nokuda kweBolsheviks kana kuti chimurenga chaOctober. Zvakadaro ndakakatyamadzwa nezano rake rakasimba uye pamwe nekusaziva rekuti revolutionary Russia ye1917 yaive yechikamu neSoviet Union ya1937 kana 1987, uye, nekuwedzera, neEastern Europe, China neCuba-zvese kuti zvipinzwe pasi pevasina mufaro. rubriki ye "Socialism 1." Chimurenga Russia, nekuda kwehutera hwayo hwese, kushaya simba uye zvikanganiso, yakatsigirwa neruzhinji rwevashandi vayo nevarombo. Uye kukosha kwakaenzana-yairatidzirwa neboka revashandi iro rakatamba rakazvimirira basa renhoroondo mukugadzirisa nzanga pahwaro hutsva hunoratidza zvayaifarira uye zvishuvo zvayo. Izvi zvingafananidzwa sei nekuguma kwaizomira pamberi payo pasi peStalinism-kuderedzwa kuita serfdom yeindasitiri, pawn yemamwe masimba akadzika midzi, akaunganidzirwa nekuda kwezvinangwa zvemagariro izvo zvisiri zvaro uye izvo zvaive zvakasarudzika kune zvayo. kusunungurwa?
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