Chii chinonzi call"Kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa, Palestine ichava yakasununguka” zvinoreva kuvaPalestine vanozvitaura? Uye nei vachiramba vachishandisa sirogani yacho pasinei nekukakavadzana kwakapoteredza kushandiswa kwayo?
Sezvo zvose a nyanzvi yenhoroondo yePalestine uye mumwe munhu anobva kuPalestine diaspora, ndakaona mutsara wemakumi emakore kuwana hupenyu hutsva - uye kuongorora - mukufora kukuru kwePalestine. muUnited States uye Around the World izvo zvakaitika panguva yekubhomba kweIsrael muGaza Strip mukudzorera kurwiswa kweHamas 'Oct. 7 paIsrael.
Pro-Israel mapoka, kusanganisira iyo US-yakavakirwa Anti-Defamation Chikwata, vakanyora mutsara wekuti "antisemitic.” Zvakatoita kuti a kushomeka kushoma kweHouse Rep. Rashida Tlaib, iye ega nhengo yePalestine-America yeCongress, yekushandisa mutsara.
Asi kuna Tlaib, uye nevamwe vasingaverengeki, mutsara uyu hausi antisemitic zvachose. Asi, ndizvo, mumashoko aTlaib, "kudaidzira kwekuda rusununguko, kodzero dzevanhu uye kugarisana murunyararo."
Handikwanise kutaura kune zviri mumoyo wemunhu wese anoshandisa chirevo. Asi ini ndinogona kutaura kune izvo mutsara wakareva kumapoka akasiyana ePalestine munhoroondo yese, uye chinangwa chiri kumashure kwevanhu vazhinji vanoishandisa nhasi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ruzhinji rwevaPalestine vanoshandisa mutsara uyu vanozviita nekuti vanotenda kuti, mumashoko mapfupi gumi, inopfupisa hukama hwavo, kodzero dzavo dzenyika uye chiono chavo chenyika yavanodaidza kuti Palestine. Uye kunyangwe kuyedza kupurinda kushandiswa kwe sirogani kungabva kunzvimbo yekunetseka chaiko, pane njodzi yekuti kuisa sirogani se antisemitic - uye nekudaro kupfuura iyo yakachenuruka - inopinda munhoroondo refu ye kuedza kunyaradza manzwi ePalestine.
Chiratidziro chezvisungo zvomunhu oga
Chimwe chikonzero chekukwezva kwemutsara ndechekuti inotaura nezvehukama hwakadzama hwePalestine kunyika. Vane nguva refu vakazvizivisa - uye mumwe nomumwe - neguta kana musha muPalestine kwavakabva.
Uye nzvimbo idzodzo dzakapararira nenyika, kubva kuJeriko uye paSafed pedyo neJorodhani kumabvazuva, kusvikira kuJafa neHaifa pamahombekombe eGungwa Guru kumavirazuva.
British Ethnographic Mepu yePre-war Palestine
Uhwu hukama hwakadzama hwemunhu hwakapfuudzwa kwezvizvarwa kuburikidza zvipfeko, kubika uye kusiyana kwakajeka mukati Arabic dialects izvo zvakanangana nenzvimbo dziri mukati mePalestine.
Uye zvisungo izvozvo zvinoenderera mberi nhasi. Vana nevazukuru vevapoteri vePalestine vanowanzonzwa a kubatana kwepamoyo kunzvimbo chaidzo dzakabva madzitateguru avo.
Chikumbiro chekodzero dzenyika
Asi mutsara uyu haungorevi nzvimbo. Zvematongerwo enyika.
"Kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa" inodawo kusimbisa kodzero dzenyika dzePalestine pamusoro penyika yavo uye chishuwo chekuti Palestine yakabatana iumbe hwaro hwenyika yakazvimirira.
Apo Palestine yakanga iri pasi Kutonga kweBritish colonial kubva muna 1917 kusvika 1948, vagari vayo vechiArab vakaramba zvakasimba zvirevo zvekupatsanura zvinotsigirwa nezvido zveBritish neZionist. Imhaka yekuti, yakavigwa zvakadzika muzvikumbiro, vaive mitemo yaizomanikidzira mazana ezviuru zvemaArabu ePalestine kubva kunyika dzemadzitateguru avo.
Muna 1946, Delegation of Arab Governments zvakarongwa pachinzvimbo “nyika yakabatana” ine “bumbiro remitemo yegutsaruzhinji” yaizovimbisa “rusununguko rwomuitiro worudzidziso” nokuda kwavose uye yaizoziva “maruramiro avaJudha okushandisa mutauro wechiHebheru somutauro wehurumende wechipiri.”
Gore rakatevera, United Nations yakabvumira chirongwa chekuparadzanisa kwePalestine, iyo ingadai yakamanikidza maArabu ePalestine 500,000 XNUMX aigara munyika yaidiwa yechiJudha sarudza pakati kugara sevanhu vashoma munyika mavo kana kusiya.
Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino panobuda kudanwa kwePalestine yakabatana, yakazvimirira, maererano ne Nyanzvi yechiArabic Elliott Colla.
Munguva yehondo ya1948 yakatungamira pakuumbwa kwenyika yeIsrael, vanenge 750,000 maArabu ePalestine vakatiza kana kudzingwa mumisha yavo nomumaguta avo. Pakazopera hondo, Palestine yakanga yava kupatsanurwa kuita matatu: 78% yenyika yakava chikamu chenyika yemaJuda yeIsrael, ukuwo yakasara yakawira pasi pehutongi hweJordanian kana Egypt.
Vapoteri vePalestine vaitenda kuti vaive nea kodzero yekudzoka kumisha yavo munyika itsva yaIsraeri. Vatungamiri veIsrael, vachitsvaga kuchengetedza ruzhinji rwechiJudha rwenyika, akatsvaka kuti vapoteri vagare patsva kure kure. Zvichakadaro, rondedzero yakabuda kuMadokero kuma1950 ichiti kuti zvirevo zvezvematongerwo enyika zvePalestine hazvina maturo.
Chiono chenguva yemberi
MaPalestine aifanira kutsvaga nzira yekusimbisa kodzero dzavo dzenyika uye nekuisa imwe chiratidzo cherunyararo. Mushure mekunge Israel yatora West Bank, East Jerusalem neGaza Strip muhondo yeArab-Israel ya1967, kudanwa kwePalestine yakasununguka "kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa" kwakatanga kusvika. kuwana traction pakati peavo vaitenda kuti nyika yose inofanira kudzorerwa kuvaPalestine.
Asi munguva pfupi yakasvikawo kuzomiririra chiratidzo che a nyika yegutsaruzhinji nekuenzana kune vose.
Muna 1969, Palestinian National Council, iyo yepamusoro-soro inoita sarudzo yevaPalestine vari muhutapwa, zvakadanwa zviri pamutemo “nyika yePalestine yegutsaruzhinji” iyo yaizova “isina marudzi ose okusarurana kwechitendero nenzanga.”
Ichi chakaramba chiri chiono chakakurumbira pakati pevaPalestine, kunyangwe vamwe vatungamiriri vavo vakafunga zano rekutanga nyika yakaderedzwa yePalestine pamwe neIsrael muWest Bank, Gaza Strip neEast Jerusalem.
MaPalestine mazhinji akange asina chokwadi nemhinduro iyi yehurumende mbiri. Kune vapoteri vakatapwa kubva muna 1948, sarudzo yehurumende mbiri yaisazovabvumira kudzokera kumataundi nemisha yavo muIsrael. Vamwe Vagari vePalestine veIsrael vaitya kuti sarudzo yehurumende mbiri yaizovasiya vakanyanya kuparadzaniswa sevashoma vechiArabu munyika yechiJudha.
Kunyangwe maPalestine muWest Bank neGaza Strip - avo vakamira zvakanyanya kuwana kubva kumhinduro yehurumende mbiri - vaive vakadziya kune iyo pfungwa. A 1986 sarudzo yakawanikwa kuti 78% yevakapindura "vakatsigira kugadzwa kwehurumende yePalestine yedemocracy-inosanganisa yose Palestine," asi 17% chete yakatsigira nyika mbiri.
Izvi zvinobatsira zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei kushevedzera kwePalestine yemahara “kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa” kwakava kukurumbira munyika. kupikisa nziyo Yekutanga Intifada, kana kumukira kwePalestine, kubva muna 1987 kusvika 1992.
Sezvineiwo, Hamas, bato rechiIslam rakavambwa muna 1987, harina kutanga kushandisa "kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa," pamwe nekuda kwehukama hwenguva refu hwechirevo kuPalestine nyika yenyika.
Nyika mbiri kana imwe?
Kusaina 1993 kwe Zvibvumirano zveOslo zvakaita kuti vakawanda vafunge kuti gadziriro yehurumende mbiri yakanga yava pedyo.
Asi sezvo tarisiro yemhinduro yenyika mbiri yakadzikira, vamwe maPalestine vakadzokera kupfungwa ye nyika isina kuroorwa, yegutsaruzhinji kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa.
Zvichakadaro, Hamas yakatora sirogani, ichiwedzera mutsara wekuti "kubva kurwizi kusvika kugungwa" kune yayo 2017. yakadzokororwa charter. Mutauro wacho waiva chikamu cheHamas's yakakura miedzo kuwana chiremera nekurasikirwa nemukwikwidzi wayo wenyika, Fatah, iyo yakaonekwa nevakawanda seyakakundikana vanhu vePalestine.
Nhasi, nzvimbo dzakafara dzePalestine dzichiri kufarira pfungwa yekuenzana. Ongororo ya2022 yakawanikwa kutsigira kwakasimba pakati pemaPalestine papfungwa yenyika imwe chete ine kodzero dzakaenzana kune vese.
Mashoko anogumbura?
Zvimwe zvakapedzwa nekushandiswa kweHamas kwemutsara, zvimwe vakati uku kudanwa kwekuuraya rudzi - zvinoreva kuti kuguma kwe sirogani iri kuda kuti Palestine "isunungurwe kubva kumaJuda." Zvinonzwisisika kuti kutya kwakadaro kunobva kupi, kupiwa kurwiswa kweHamas paOct. 7 iyo yakauraya 1,200 vanhu, maererano nebazi rezvekunze reIsrael.
Asi chiArabic chepakutanga, "Filastin hurra," zvinoreva kusunungurwa Palestine. "Kusununguka kubva" ringava izwi rechiArabic rakasiyana zvachose.
mwe vatsoropodzi vesirogani vanosimbirira kuti nekuramba kodzero yeIsrael yekuvepo senyika yemaJuda, mutsara wacho pachawo unopikisa. Pasi pekufunga kwakadaro, varatidziri vanofanirwa kunge vachidaidza nyika yePalestine iripo padivi peIsrael - uye kwete inoitsiva.
Asi izvi zvingaita sezvisingateereri chokwadi chiripo. Pane kubvumirana kwakasimba kwenyanzvi kuti sarudzo yehurumende mbiri haichashandi. Vanopokana kuti kuwanda kwekuvaka kwekugara muWest Bank uye mamiriro ehupfumi muGaza akadya kubatana uye kugona kwechero nyika inofungidzirwa yePalestine.
Kuwedzera dhimoni
Pane imwe nharo inopesana nekushandiswa kweslogan: Kuti kunyangwe isiri antisemitic pachayo, chokwadi chekuti vamwe vanhu vechiJudha vanozviona saizvozvo - uye nekudaro vanozviona sekutyisidzira - zvakakwana kuti vanhu vasiye kushandiswa kwayo.
Asi kupokana kwakadaro, ndinopikisa, kunopa mukana manzwiro erimwe boka pane erimwe. Uye ine ngozi zvakare dhimoni uye kunyarara Mazwi ePalestine kuMadokero.
Mumwedzi wapfuura, Europe yakaona zvinotsanangurwa nevamiriri vePalestine se "kukanganisa kusati kwamboitika” pakushingaira kwavo. Zvichakadaro, vanhu mhiri kweUS vari kutaura zvakapararira kusarura, kutsiva uye kurangwa nekuda kwemaonero avo ekutsigira Palestine.
Musi waNovember 14, George Washington University yakamiswa boka revadzidzi Students for Justice muPalestine, muchidimbu nokuti boka racho rakaratidza sirogani inoti “Free Palestine Kubva kuRwizi kuenda kuGungwa” paraibhurari yecampus.
Nheyo, kwete chikuva
Hapana chimwe cheizvi chinoreva kuti mutsara wokuti “Kubva kurwizi kuenda kugungwa, Palestine ichasununguka” hauna kududzira kwakawanda.
MaPalestine pachawo akapatsanurwa pamusoro pemhedzisiro yezvematongerwo enyika yavanoshuvira kuona munyika yavo.
Asi izvozvo zvinorasika. Vazhinji vePalestine vanoshandisa rwiyo urwu havauoni serutsigiro rwechikuva chezvematongerwo enyika kana secheboka rezvematongerwo enyika. Asi, ruzhinji rwevanhu vanoshandisa mutsara uyu vanouona sechiratidzo chemitemo cherusununguko nekugarisana.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta