"Mutungamiriri ane chiremerera, chiremba Alvaro Uribe Velez, akasarudzwa zvine mutsindo uye nehungwaru mumutambo wekutanga, neNyika yeBaba inoda kuzviita ine runyararo uye kukura mukubatana." โ Salvatore Mancuso, Mutungamiriri weAutodefensas Unidas de Colombia, Chivabvu 26, 2002
Kutsigira kwemauto eColombia kungangove kwakapa mutungamiri mutsva weColombia Alvaro Uribe Velez chikonzero chekunetsekana nemukurumbira wake wezvematongerwo enyika. Tichifunga nezvenyaya yemhondi yevakuru vemauto, avo vakaita mhondi dzakawanda mwedzi uno chaiwo. Uribe angave akatarisirwa kuti ataure kuti haadi chekuita neAUC, kuti vaive vasiri shamwari dzake, uye kuti kumutsigira kwavo kwaive kunyadzisa kwaaizoita kuti vadembe nekuvaunza kumatare uye kuputsa sangano ravo. .
Mukutaura kwake kwekugashira, Mutungamiriri-Sarudzo Alvaro Uribe Velez haana chaakataura.
Oo, pakanga paine kupokana kwakawanda pamusoro pekodzero dzevanhu. Pakave nenguva inobaya mwoyo paakabvuma amai vake kudenga nababa vake, vakaurayiwa neFARC (kunyangwe vasiri vese vanaamai nemadzibaba avo rwendo rwokuenda kudenga rwakafambiswa neAUC). Pakamboita kanguva paakati vemubatanidzwa ngavarege kupondwa. Asi kuramba kwakasimba kweAUC? Kwete.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti Uribe nemaparas ari kure nevavengi. Paramilitarism chikamu che 'Uribe Model' maColombians anogona kutarisira kune makore mana anotevera. Iyo 'Uribe Model' inongori vhezheni ine hukasha yezvakange zvichitambura neColombia, nenzira imwechete iyo hugandanga hwaBush ingori vhezheni yehugandanga iyo US yakamboburitsa pasi rose. Kazhinji, mamiriro ezvinhu haana kuchinja: zvinhu zvatowedzera kuipa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti bato rerunyararo nekururamisira muColombia richine basa rimwechete: isu tingori nedambudziko rakawanda pamberi.
Chii chisina kuchinja
Hurongwa hwekudzoreredza nyika dzemuAmerica, kusanganisira Colombia, hahuna kuchinja nesarudzo yaUribe. Hurongwa hweColombia huchiri humwe 'hwebudiriro inokurumidza': mapurojekiti makuru munharaunda isina vanhu vakawanda kunotorwa oiri, huni, mvura, uye zvirimwa zvemari; mhenderekedzo dzegungwa dzine vanhu vakawanda dzakatsiviwa nemahotera makuru; maguta makuru umo vashandi vakarangwa, vakapererwa, vasina simba vanoshandira kure nokuda kwemihoro yenzara, pasina dziviriro kana mabasa.
Chipingamupinyi chikuru chechiratidzo ichi chichiri kuenderera mberi mumasangano nenharaunda dzine maonero avo pamusoro penyika: nyika ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana, ine tsika dzakasiyana-siyana inoremekedza kuzvitonga kwenharaunda yevaAfro-Colombians, zvizvarwa zvemo, uye vagari venyika; hupfumi hwekubatana kunoremekedza kodzero dzevashandi, chiremera, uye kudiwa kwemuhoro unorarama; shanduko yezvekurima inounza kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kutonga zvine musoro uye zveecology kwezviwanikwa zvenyika zvakakura.
Kuti vepamusoro vaone hurongwa hwavo, vanofanirwa kuparadza zviratidzo uye tariro dzevanhu. Iro zano rekuita izvi rinozivikanwa kune avo vanotevera zvematongerwo enyika eColombia: hondo, uye mazhinji acho. Hondo yezvinodhaka yekuputsira varimi kubva muminda yavo; hondo yakasviba yekuuraya vatsigiri vemubatanidzwa, vanorwira runyararo, varwiri vevakadzi, uye vatungamiriri vekumaruwa; hondo yehugandanga, kuunza rubatsiro rweUS zvakananga mumufananidzo; hondo yehupfumi, neIMF structural adjustments, privatization, kutyaira vanhu mukushaiwa mabasa uye kupererwa; hondo yenhema inoita kuti vanhu vasaonekwe uye inopa mufananidzo wehurumende yakamanikidzwa yakatarisana nenarco-terrorism uye hondo yehugandanga. Hondo dzese idzi dzaivepo sarudzo dzeUribe dzisati dzaitwa muna Chivabvu 26, uye dzichiri kuitika izvozvi.
Chii chachinja
Chii chinogona kutarisirwa pasi peUribe ndiko kuwedzera kwehurongwa. Iyo contours ye'Uribe Model' inogona kufungidzira nerekodhi yake kusvika asarudzwa. Zvinyorwa zvakawanda paZNet zvinotsanangura basa rinonakidza raUribe (NaAl Giordano, naSean Donahue, uye naLazala/Ferrer). Tinongoda kubata pane zvishoma zvakakosha zvinhu pano:
Kugadzira Kupererwa uye Kusasimba: Senhengo yeparamende, Uribe akaisa Mutemo wechimakumi mashanu, kuputsa mitemo yevashandi nekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzevashandi; uye Law 50, iyo yakashambadzira Social Security nenzira imwechete yaishuvira kuita muUS. Ichi chikamu chemujaho une mukurumbira 'wekudzika pasi', uye nyaya yenhangemutange kusvika pasi ndeyekuti semijaho yeColombia, munhu wese anofanira kumhanya kuti abate- kusanganisira vanoshanda kubva kuBrazil kuenda kuNorth America.
Kukurudzira Paramilitarism uye Mhirizhonga: Sagavhuna weAntioquia pakati pa1995 na1997, Uribe akasimudzira 'CONVIVIR', kuedza kunyoresa paramilitarism. Mibatanidzwa yakaderedzwa panguva iyoyo: Muna 1996 198 vemubatanidzwa vakaurayiwa muAntioquia. Muna 1997 210 vakaurayiwa. Pakupera kwebasa rake, akazivisa Uraba, yaimbova nzvimbo yebasa guru rekushanda nevashandi vebhanana, 'yakagadzikana'. Iyo 'pacification' yakakunda nekuurayiwa kwe3500 mumakore matatu. Muna 3 akazivisa kutsigira kwake vatungamiriri vemauto Rito Alejo del Rio naFernando Milan, avo vakambomiswa basa nekuda kwehukama hwavo nemapurisa. Mushandirapamwe wake wesarudzo wakavakirwa pa'kutadza kwenhaurirano' pakati pePastrana neFARC. (Pano, mumabharenga, zvakakosha kutaura kuti pakanga pasina nhaurirano pakati pePastrana neFARC. Mapato ose ari maviri aikwikwidza kuita hutsinye kuvanhu vasina mhosva panguva yese 'yekukurukurirana', uye nepo hurumende yakakunda mumakwikwi, FARC yakapa. Uribe anogona kutenda FARC nokuda kwesarudzo yake sezvakaita ani zvake.) Zvipikirwa zvake zvinosanganisira kuomerwa nemagandanga, mamwe mamiriyoni eColombia ane zvombo, uye kupindira kwekunze.
Kuziva maParamilitaries seVadyidzani Vanotaurirana: Ichangoburwa kubva kuUribe izano rake rekuunza vamiriri patafura yekutaurirana. Ichi chimwe chinhu vanyori vakatya uye kufanotaura (ona yedu 'Hondo Yakafanotaurwa') kwenguva yakati. Maitiro acho ndeaya anotevera: chekutanga, shandisa dzidziso yeBush yekuti 'hapana nhaurirano nemagandanga' kune guerrillas, uchiwedzera maparamilitaries semufungo kune rondedzero yemagandanga. Tevere, bvuma nokuzengurira kuti kurukurirano dzingave dziri madikanwa kuunza rugare. Shandisai musimboti uyu wekuti nhaurirano dzinofanira kusarudzwa, kuitira kuti varwi vave 'magandanga anofanirwa kutaurirana nawo' uye 'magandanga anofanira kutsakatiswa'. Otto Reich, ane tsvakiridzo yake (ona Turnipseed's โReich Reichโ http://www.zmag.org/content/LatinAmerica/Turnipseedlam.cfm) anotendera chirongwa ichi. Pakati pekuvaunza patafura uye nenyaya yekuti vanopfuura makumi matatu muzana vevamiriri vemitemo vava kubatana nevamiriri vemauto, zvakakodzera kudzokorora mazwi aArundhati Roy nezveIndia: "Uye hakuzogara kuine kuuraya kunoshamisa kutaura nezvazvo. Fascism inotaurawo nezvekupinda zvishoma nezvishoma, kwakadzikama kwezvishandiso zvose zvesimba reHurumende. " Ichi, zvakare, chikamu cheUribe Model.
Kuita Nice neNarcotraffickers: Muhofisi meya weMedellin muna 1982, Uribe nababa vake vakabatanidzwa pachena naClan Ochoa weMedellin cartel. Muna 1989 akapikisa kuendeswa kwevanotengesa zvinodhaka.
Zvese mune zvese, zvatinogona kutarisira kubva kuUribe zvakangofanana- zvakatonyanya kuipa.
Zvokuita
Izvo Colombian mafambisirwo emagariro achaedza kuita pasi peUribe ndizvo zvavakaedza kuita kusvika zvino: kupona mushandirapamwe wekuparadza kwavari. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chinogona kuitwa nesangano rekubatana kuvabatsira mubasa iri, kuita zvakawanda pazvinhu zvese zvatanga tichiita- kufumura manyepo, kushanda tichipokana neFTAA, vachipesana neIMF/WB/WTO nexus, vachipokana nekupindira kwemauto eUS. , kuenda kuColombia kunoperekedza vanhu nemaitiro, vachitevera mamiriro ezvinhu uye kupindura kumishandirapamwe yekunyora tsamba uye zvikumbiro, kuvaka nekuenda kukuratidzira kukuru, vachimanikidza mhinduro yenhaurirano kuhondo.
Nekufamba kwenguva, kuvaka-kufamba-famba kuNorth America ndiko kuchaisa mabhureki pamuenzaniso weUribe, sezvo modhi yeUribe isiri yekugadzirwa kwaUribe asi kugadzirwa kwevakuru vekuNorth America. Basa racho munguva pfupi nderokuona kuti pane nguva refu. Mune mamwe mazwi, kuwana mafambiro muColombia kuperekedza, zviwanikwa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwekubatana kwavanoda kuti vararame isu tichivaka mafambiro edu pano.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kunyange zvazvo Uribe akawana 53% yevhoti, nekupikisa kwepedyo pa 31.7% uye vechokwadi, vakasiya kushora kwaLucho Garzon pa 5.82%, mukunda chaiye wesarudzo dzeColombia akanga aramba. Uribe akawana mavhoti 5.8 miriyoni kubva kune vavhoti vane 24.2 miriyoni. Kunokora mashoko Luis Guillermo Perez Casas, โkwakanga kusina chikumbiro chehondo muColombia, kana kuti chigadzikiso chehondo kuhondo yezvombo. Asingasviki mavhoti ane mamiriyoni matanhatu pavanhu vane mamiriyoni 6 vokuColombia haagoni kunzwisiswa kuva kuda kwavanhu.โ Vanhu ivavo havagoni kumisa kurwa kwavo, uye kana avo vari mukubatana navo.
Justin Podur ([email inodzivirirwa]) naManuel Rozental ([email inodzivirirwa]) inhengo dzeCanada-Colombia Solidarity Campaign (http://tao.ca/~ccsc)
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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