Marx paakanyora gwaro reMitemo yeInternational Workers Association muma1860, akachinja sirogani yaFlora Tristan, kubva muna 1843: โKusunungurwa kweboka revashandi kunofanira kunge kuri basa revashandi pachavo.โ
Asi chii chinodiwa kuti boka revashandi ribudirire mukuzvisunungura? Kutora kwangu paParticipatory Economics ndeyekuti, muchidimbu, kuedza kunyatsotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu - chimiro chehupfumi - chaizoda kuwana kuitira kuti boka rekushanda risave rakakundwa uye rakashandiswa.
Kuti tikwanise kutaura kuti zvingaite sei kuti kudzvanyirirwa kwekirasi kusisavepo, tinoda kunzwisisa kuti chii chinonzi kirasi.
Ini ndinozvitora kuti musiyano wekirasi unogadzirwa nehukama hwesimba mukugadzirwa kwevanhu, ndiko kuti, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu uye masevhisi kune mumwe nemumwe.
Dambudziko neMarxism nderekuti yagara yakabata kirasi maererano nehukama hwevaridzi. Saka rinoona capitalism yakakamurwa kuita mapoka makuru maviri chete. The investor kana capitalist class vane nzira dzekugadzira; boka rekushanda rinonzwisiswa seavo vasina nzira dzekugadzira uye vanofanirwa kutengesa kugona kwavo kushanda kune vashandirwi.
Uridzi hunogona kunge huri hwaro hwakakosha hwesimba pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwevanhu mune yepamusoro capitalism asi haisiriyo yega hwaro hwakadaro. Pamusoro peboka revashandi uye capitalist kana investor kirasi, kune yechitatu kirasi huru mu capitalism.
Iri ndiro kirasi inoumbwa nevakuru uye pakati-mamaneja, maofficial officer, magweta, vanachiremba, mainjiniya uye zvichingodaro. Iri ndiro boka rine maoko akaiswa zvitsigiro zvesimba rekuita sarudzo, yekufungidzira magadzirirwo ezvinhu uye chii chinofanira kugadzirwa, uye chekutarisa uye kutonga pamusoro pevashandi. Iyi ndiyo tekinoroji yekirasi, kana kushandisa izwi rekuti Michael Albert naRobin Hahnel, murongi kirasi.
Simba rekirasi iyi rakavakirwa pazvinhu zvakaita sezvitupa, dzidzo, hunyanzvi, kubatana, ruzivo rwune chekuita nesimba uye kugadzira. Kirasi iyi inenge iine meritocratic kana nyanzvi maonero anoratidza hwaro hwesimba rayo.
Boka iri rakaparadzana neboka revashandi mukuda kwesimba ravanaro pamusoro paro, asi ivo vakaparadzana neboka re capitalist nekuti, seboka revashandi, simba netarisiro yeupfumi yeboka remurongi hazvibvi pauridzi asi pavari. kugona basa.
Iri kirasi rine makakatanwa nemudzvanyiriri kana capitalist class pamusoro payo, uye inonetsekana neboka revashandi pasi paro.
Izvi zvinotitaurira nezve purojekiti yevashandi vekuzvisunungura ndeyekuti isu tinofanira kuve nechirongwa chisingagone kungobvisa kuzviisa pasi kweboka revashandi kune boka re capitalist, tinodawo kuve nechirongwa chekubvisa hutongi hwayo nemurongi. kana techno-maneja kirasi.
Chidzidzo chezana remakore rechi20, semaonero edu, ndechekuti boka remurongi rine simba rekuve boka rinotonga. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvatinofunga kuti zvakaitika munyika dzaitongwa nemapato eMarxist-Leninist - USSR, China, Cuba zvichingodaro.
Zvikamu zvezvikamu zvehupfumi zvinobatanidzwa zvakagadzirirwa zvakanyatsodzivirira kuenderera mberi kwekuzviisa pasi kweboka rekushanda kune boka remurongi munharaunda ye post-capitalist.
Kutanga, kana vamwe vanhu vachidzora basa rako, vachidzora zvisarudzo zvinokutapura iwe, uye ukarambwa kutaura pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvinokutapura iwe, ikoku kunoputsa zvakananga kuzvitarisira. Kuzvitonga kunoreva kuva neudzori paupenyu hwedu, kuva nemasimba pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvine chokuita nesu.
Naizvozvo tinokurudzira kuti vashandi vazvitungamirire pamusoro pezvigadzirwa, kuburikidza nemakanzuru evashandi vedemokrasi.
Asi panewo zvisarudzo zvinobata vanhu sevatengi. Saka tinokurudzira kuti kanzuru izvitungamirire pachezvake zviitwe zvakare kuti zvidyiwe, kuburikidza nemakanzuru emunharaunda.
Chechipiri, chero ani anotsigira kuzvisunungura kweboka revashandi anofanirwa kutiudza maitiro avanofunga kumisa mutsauko wekirasi pakati pevanoronga nevashandi. Izvi zvinotungamira kune chikamu chechipiri chekutora chikamu kwehupfumi, chirevo chedu chekuenzanisa mabasa emabasa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mabasa anofanirwa kugadziridzwa kuitira kuti basa rega rega rive nemabasa ari maviri anopa simba nehunyanzvi, uyezve mabasa anosanganisira mhando dzebasa dzisingadikanwi dzinofanirwa kuitwa. Wese munhu anofanira kuve nehunyanzvi uye kugoneswa uye kusagonesa kushoma, kunetesa, kushoma kuita marudzi emabasa anogovaniswa nemunhu wese.
Chechitatu, chero hurongwa hwehupfumi hunofanirwa kuve nemasangano ekugovera zviwanikwa zvinoshomeka senge nguva yebasa revanhu, mafuta uye zvishandiso. Maonero edu ndeekuti chikamu chekirasi chinowanikwa mumusika system. Kana muridzi wepachivande wenzira dzekugadzira akatsiviwa neruzhinji kana nyika kana mubatanidzwa, kana izvi zvakasanganiswa nemisika kana kuronga kwepakati kana musanganiswa wezvose zviri zviviri, zvinozotungamira mukukwidziridzwa kwemurongi kana techno-manageria zvinhu kutonga kwekirasi mamiriro.
Imwe nzira yatinokurudzira kuronga kwekudyidzana, kuburikidza nekuisa zvakananga uye zvikumbiro kubva kune chinzvimbo uye faira vashandi nevatengi, ine kumashure uye mberi nzira yekutaurirana inotungamira kune yakazara agenda yekugadzira.
Hurongwa hwehupfumi hunoratidzawo imwe nheyo yemuhoro. Isu tinokurudzira mubairo wekuedza kana kuzvipira, kune avo vanogona kushanda, uye mubairo wekuda kune avo vasingakwanise.
โKubva kune mumwe nomumwe maererano nokugona, kune mumwe nomumwe maererano nokushayiwaโ yakanga iri nheyo yechinyakare yokugoverwa kwechikomonisiti. Uye zvine musoro kune zvimwe zvinhu. Kana mumwe munhu akakuvara mutsaona, hatingade kuvaramba zvisinei nemari. Asi handifunge kuti hupfumi hwese hunogona kufambiswa nemazvo pamusimboti uyu. Iyo yaizoramba kune sisitimu yeruzivo rwekugadzira nezve zvinodiwa nevatengi zvinodiwa kuti hupfumi hushande, semuenzaniso.
Nekune rimwe divi, isu tinotenda kuti kupa vanhu mihoro yesimba kana kubuda hakuna kunaka kana kuenzana. Kana mutengi wemaapuro ane mafiti manomwe achikwanisa kutanha maapuro akapetwa kaviri kupfuura tsoka shanu nekuda kwehurefu, sei nhanho yetsoka nomwe ichifanira kubhadharwa zvakapetwa kaviri nekuda kwehurefu hwayo? Kana isu tichipokana nemuhoro wevanhu nekuda kwekugara nhaka yemidziyo, tingafarira mubairo nenhaka yekuzvarwa?
Ndinoda kunyanya kusimbisa kuti hupfumi hwekubatana hune chirevo chekugadzirisa.
Rudzi rwenzanga rwunovapo kuburikidza neshanduko yemagariro ichave inoumbwa nehunhu hwemasimba makuru emagariro kana mafambisirwo emagariro ari vamiririri veshanduko iyoyo. Kana isu tichida kugadzira hurongwa hwehupfumi hwakavakirwa pakuzvitonga, uye kuparara kwemaitiro emakambani, isu tinofanirwa kushanda kuti tienzane neizvi mumafambiro edu, mibatanidzwa, uye masangano ezvematongerwo enyika nhasi. Chinzvimbo uye faira kuzvitonga kwekufamba uye masangano, uye kugovana kwakakura kwehunyanzvi uye mabasa, inovandudza hunyanzvi, kuzvivimba, uye tsika dzekuzvitonga uye kuita sarudzo dzedemocracy inodiwa kana chinangwa chedu chiri kusunungurwa kwekushanda. kirasi kubva mukudzvinyirirwa kwekirasi.
Chekupedzisira, ndinotenda kuti izvi zvine zvazvinorevawo pamabatiro atinoita nyaya yemasimba ezvematongerwo enyika, nyaya yehurumende.
Mafungiro echiMarxist echinyakare echinjo kune ramangwana re-capitalist akakurudzira bato rezvematongerwo enyika resocialist richitora simba rehurumende. Asi pfungwa iyi inoreva hukama hwetekinoroji pakati peboka rehutungamiriri neboka revashandi. Mafungiro iwayo anofunga kuti bato rezvematongerwo enyika, uye hutungamiriri hwaro, imhando yekutonga kweshanduko, iyo yavanoita nekuita chirongwa kuburikidza nenyika.
Kana tichida kutaura maererano nekutora simba, imwe pfungwa ndeyekufunga maererano nekutora simba, kana kupa simba, kweboka revashandi pacharo, kuburikidza nekufamba kwaro kwevazhinji, kugadzira kanzuru kuzvitonga kunotora. kutonga kwekugadzira uye kushandiswa muChiono cheParticipatory Economics.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta